CN104167800A - Lithium battery management system and method capable of expanding communication standby power supply - Google Patents
Lithium battery management system and method capable of expanding communication standby power supply Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 101000877312 Homo sapiens Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Fe] Chemical compound [Li].[Fe] QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lithium battery management system and method capable of expanding a communication standby power supply. The system comprises at least two sub-management modules. The sub-management modules are connected in parallel and then connected with a charger and a load respectively, and communication between the sub-management modules is conducted through series ports. Each sub-management module comprises a main control unit, a charger and discharger inverse connection unit, a main channel unit, an external control unit, a communication unit, a preceding stage control unit, a preceding stage signal sampling unit and a sub-management module power supply unit, wherein the charger and discharger inverse connection unit, the main channel unit, the external control unit, the communication unit, the preceding stage control unit, the preceding stage signal sampling unit and the sub-management module power supply unit are respectively connected with the main control unit, and the preceding stage control unit is also connected with the preceding stage signal sampling unit. The system and method meet the requirements of modern communication equipment for the standby power supply; the system has extremely low standby power consumption; the system can automatically switch battery packs, so that system stability is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of new energies, relate in particular to battery management system, relating in particular can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system.
Background technology
Traditional communication apparatus back-up source adopts valve-control type lead-acid accumulator, there is short, the shortcoming such as maintenance cost is high in useful life in this power supply, and base station deployment scale increase and more flexible under 3G communication epoch overall background, traditional lead acid accumulator floor space is large, difficult in maintenance, is difficult to satisfy the demands.The relative lead-acid battery of lithium battery useful life is that they are more than 3 times, the volume and weight of the lithium iron battery of same capability is 1/3 of lead acid accumulator, and can connect and put arbitrarily, space, load-bearing etc. are not all had to particular/special requirement, greatly reduce place lease cost.It has been the trend of industry development as communication back-up source that lithium battery replaces lead-acid battery.
Battery management system be lithium battery group application must combo part.Current lithium battery management system (BMS) technology is mainly concentrated electric automobile field.Main focus comprises: the temperature sampling of single battery voltage sample precision, battery pack and with the relation of battery remaining power (SOC), the charge-discharge characteristic of battery pack, the precision of battery pack SOC, the ability of equalization, the fail safe of battery itself etc. of battery pack.
Although the shared space of communication apparatus back-up source is also that hope is the smaller the better, what relative and its space that can take of automobile will be loose is many, and this just has redundancy properties backup power system to design provides possibility.For electric automobile, the larger charging interval of its charging current will be shorter, and BMS used for electric vehicle generally can current-limiting charge, and this mode can reduce the useful life of battery to battery.Due to for communication back-up source to not requirement of charging interval, the present invention proposes charging current limiter technology.For BMS used for electric vehicle, though when system due to under-voltage enter resting state after, also there is the battery power discharge function of pressure.For communicating by letter with back-up source after system enters resting state, do not need to force to put a function.Based on this feature, the present invention proposes a kind of resting state extremely low power dissipation solution.In related documents, mention the final power consumption of system and reach 145uA, this patent system finally reaches 4.5uA.Power consumption own is lower, and just heating higher and system is also fewer for the service efficiency of communication back-up source, and security of system, reliability will improve.
Summary of the invention
For correlative technology field document and above the deficiencies in the prior art, in a large amount of existing literature research and long-term on the basis of association area Development Practice, according to the feature of communication equipment, the present invention proposes " low-power consumption can expanding communication back-up source management system ", makes lithium battery group better be applied to communications industry.Overcome the shortcomings such as existing lithium battery management system, irredundant, stand-by power consumption is higher, and realized the functions such as system charging current limiter, overcurrent warning, short-circuit protection; Thereby there is redundancy simultaneously, can improve the stability of a system by extended attribute.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of low-power consumption can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system, this system comprises at least two points of administration modules, system realizes redundancy properties, point administration module is parallel with one another to be connected with charger, load respectively afterwards, divides an administration module to communicate.Described point of management module-external interface is provided with four toggle switchs; Described point of administration module is provided with multipurpose button; Described point of administration module is provided with operation, warning, battery capacity indicator light.Described point of administration module comprise main control unit and be connected with main control unit respectively charge and discharge electrical equipment reverse connection unit, unit, main channel, external control unit, communication unit, prime control unit, prime signal sampling unit, point management module for power supply unit; Described prime control unit also adopts unit to be connected with prime signal.Unit, described main channel comprises discharge control loop, charging current limiter control, the locking of overcurrent short-circuit signal, overcurrent detection of short-circuit signal, overcurrent short-circuit signal feedback; When electric discharge, flow out through overload from battery pack anode, flow out to charging isolating switch from load, enter discharge switch, electric discharge sample resistance finally get back to battery pack negative terminal form discharge loop; When charging, electric current flows out and enters battery pack from charger PARK+, flow out from battery pack negative terminal, flow out and after electric discharge isolating diode enters charge switch, enter to charge sample resistance from inductance L 1, finally get back to charger PARK-end and form charge circuit, discharge and recharge passage separate, realize charging current limiter function.The break-make of described discharge control loop controlled discharge switch, overcurrent detection of short-circuit signal is parallel on discharge switch, and the locking of overcurrent short-circuit signal, overcurrent short-circuit signal feedback link have been flow short-circuit input.Described point of management module for power supply unit stops power work in system during in resting state automatically, after system access charger, can initiatively wake up, proceeds to normal operating conditions.Described prime sampling unit and main control unit are provided with buffer circuit.
One can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system method, comprises the following steps: step 1, system peripheral initialization System self-test; Step 2, enter program major cycle; Step 3, battery pack information collection; Step 4, battery capacity SOC calculate; Step 5, system mode are reported to the police.Described major cycle, be one type in multi-tasks Software administrative mechanism, be adopted as exactly in system every task and process and distribute certain hour.Described battery capacity SOC calculates and calculates by current integration method, comprises the following steps step 1, current sample; Step 2, current sample time obtain; Step 3, integral and calculating; Step 4, obtain voltage, temperature, charge value; Step 5, determine corrected parameter; Step 6, obtain current electric quantity.Above step circulates with major cycle.
The beneficial effect that the present invention possesses is: the present invention has adapted to the requirement of modern communication equipment to back-up source, has extremely low stand-by power consumption, the system battery pack that can automatically switch the stability of a system is greatly improved.By the Redundancy Design of whole battery pack, stability and the reliability of raising system; Adopt particular design scheme to realize system standby extremely low power dissipation function; Adopting respectively software and hardware mode to realize overcurrent according to the difference that flows through discharge loop current class reports to the police and short-circuit protection function; Adopt general-purpose chip to realize charging current limiter technology, the better technical requirement that adapts to communication back-up source.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall plan schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the inside modules fundamental diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the main channel fundamental diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the discharge loop schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the inside modules fundamental diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is module self the power supply the principle figure of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the prime sample circuit of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is that the prime of the specific embodiment of the invention resets and power-supplying circuit;
Fig. 9 is the prime sampling and master control buffer circuit of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the systems soft ware block diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the working-flow figure of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 is the system SOC flowchart of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by the description to embodiment, to the specific embodiment of the present invention as related control system, mutual annexation, and implementation method, be described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art to have more complete, accurate and deep understanding to inventive concept of the present invention, technical scheme.
Scheme schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1: adopt modularized design, adopt RS485 communication between module, each module is carried out parallel connection.This structure at utmost ensures the stable of battery pack output voltage, and simultaneity factor realizes cascade, improves the redundancy of system.System data can be exported by RS485.Four toggle switchs of each module-external Interface design, for the hardware address of module is set, can be made as altogether 16; Each module arranges a multipurpose button for completing module start/activation, shutdown/dormancy, reset function; Each module arranges operation (RUN), report to the police (ALM), battery capacity (SOC) indicator light; Wherein RUN, ALM respectively arrange 1 indicator light, and SOC arranges 4 indicator lights.The fundamental diagram of each inside modules.As shown in Figure 2: be made up of 7 parts, main channel part completes the charge and discharge control of module, also comprises the function such as constant current charge, overcurrent short-circuit protection; Communication part completes the communication between module, can form chain network; Prime sampling section mainly completes the sampling to this battery pack Back ground Information, comprises the intelligence samples such as real-time cell voltage, temperature; Prime control module mainly completes the control of main control part to prime sampling unit, comprises reset, level conversion, the normalization of modules sample information etc.; External control mainly completes the human-computer interaction function of module; Power supply managing provides stabilized power supply and realizes various low-power consumption functions for module; Anti-reversely be mainly used in preventing charger and battery pack reversal connection.
Main control chip adopts STM32F101 single-chip microcomputer as main control chip, this chip has that external interface is abundant, chip dormancy power consumption, low price etc. a little.In order to expand a slice EEPROM to the outside AT24C02A of employing of module historgraphic data recording single-chip microcomputer.One group of 4 toggle switch is set and arranges for the address of module,
Main channel mainly completes charge and discharge control.The schematic diagram of passage is as shown in Figure 3: mainly comprise by discharge control loop, charging current limiter control, the locking of overcurrent short-circuit signal, overcurrent detection of short-circuit signal, overcurrent short-circuit signal feedback etc.In figure dotted arrow represent discharge stream to; Electric current flows out through overload from battery pack anode, flows out to charging isolating switch from load, enter discharge switch, electric discharge sample resistance finally get back to battery pack negative terminal.In this loop, discharge control loop is by its break-make of Single-chip Controlling; While there is overcurrent or short circuit in loop, overcurrent detection of short-circuit signal part must be cut off loop by hardware; The hardware circuit of overcurrent short-circuit signal locking simultaneously locks overcurrent short-circuit signal; Overcurrent short-circuit signal is fed back to single-chip microcomputer by overcurrent short-circuit signal feedback circuit; Electric discharge sample resistance is used for obtaining overcurrent short-circuit signal exactly; In figure, solid arrow represents that charging flows to; Electric current is from charger
PARK+ flows out and enters battery pack, flow out from battery pack negative terminal, owing to there is charging isolating switch, electric current can only flow to L1, flow out through electric discharge isolating diode and enter charge switch from L1, charge switch sends at charging current limiter control circuit under the effect of pwm signal and limits charging current; Charging current out enters charging sample resistance from charge switch, finally flows into charger.
Discharge loop design, when electric discharge, electric current can flow to Q8, Q9 from network VP-field pipe Q6, Q7, finally arrives BAT-.Each pipe internal resistance 5m Ω, the caloric value of a pipe is suc as formula shown in (1), and the temperature rise of a pipe is not only relevant with heating also relevant with its heat-sinking capability.Can improve the galvanization ability in loop by increasing field pipe quantity in parallel in loop or increasing a mode for pipe fin area.Discharge switch is consistent with charging isolating switch, because loop current is the same.Send by single-chip microcomputer the field pipe Q15 conducting that Mcu_Discharge_Ctrl high level makes, thereby make Q16 conducting, Discharge_Mosfet_Ctrl becomes high level, and Q8, Q9 conducting electric discharge allow.Resistance R F1 is inspection leakage resistance, and network SRN, SRP are that prime sampling module uses.Resistance R 126, R110 and a pipe Q19 form the flow short-circuit turn-off circuit that discharged.When in the discharging current allowed band of loop, the bleeder circuit being made up of R126, R110 is not enough to open a pipe Q19, in the time being short-circuited overcurrent, R126, R110 both end voltage rise rapidly, the conducting threshold value that its partial pressure value obtains Q19 makes Q19 conducting, Q19 conducting drags down Discharge_Ctrl network, thereby turn-offs discharge switch loop and Q19 state is locked.The loop being made up of Q24, Q25 can feed back to single-chip microcomputer by Discharge_Ctrl network state.The loop being made up of Q21, Q22, Q45 can make network DSG Discharge_Ctrl network can be dragged down and lock equally.So just realize the double locking of overcurrent short-circuit loop.DSG is provided by prime sampling master chip OZ8920.Network SRN, SRP are OZ8920 current sample end.
Q＝I
2R (1)
Charge circuit design: because charging needs current limliting or not of discharging, inevitable requirement charge and discharge need different passages.Charge circuit as shown in Figure 5.Charging current limiter adopts TL494 chip to complete, and TL494 is a kind of voltage driven type pulse width modulation controlled integrated circuit that TIX produces.Be mainly used in various switch power supply systems.Resistance R 81, R82 form current limliting set point, and Vref is the reference voltage+5V that TL494 self produces.H_Samp network is charging current sampling; 9,10 pin of TL494 are pulse-width modulation output, recommend output control charge tunnel Q1 and Q2 through a pair of pipe.Compare result and decide the duty ratio of 9,10 pin output pulse widths by the voltage of H_Samp and the set magnitude of voltage of R81, R82.Realize current-limiting charge.
Low power dissipation design: each module requires dormancy power consumption in μ level, module oneself power consumption has exceeded this grade, for meet system hibernates power consumption require must system during in resting state each module initiatively stop self power work, only have leakage current when system hibernates like this, can meet the requirement of system hibernates power consumption.As shown in Figure 6: JP18 connects battery pack BAT+, control battery-powered whether shutoff by field pipe Q34; Q34 turn-on condition is that its grid is low level, and the low level condition of Q34 grid is Q33 conducting, and it is just passable that Q33 conducting needs only D14, D15, D29 one is output as high level.When JP17 connects charger, the conducting of Q32 optocoupler, D14 is output as height; In like manner, RST_KEY presses reset, and D29 is output as high level; Do not export at D14, D29 under the condition of high level, realize system and enter resting state thereby single-chip microcomputer output network 2U_MCU_POWER_CON can initiatively turn-off Q33.System connects charger or presses for a long time reset switch by after system wake-up, and single-chip microcomputer work output 2U_MCU_POWER_CON is that high level just can enter operating state by locking system.External reset switch state feeds back to single-chip microcomputer by OUTSIDE_RST_CTRL, and single-chip microcomputer determines whether locking system working power according to the length of this signal.
Prime sample circuit design: prime sample circuit mainly completes battery voltage sampling in module, temperature sampling, the function such as battery balanced.The main control chip adopting is OZ8920, and a module can be managed 8 batteries.As shown in Figure 7: BAT8 is the anode of high batteries in module, is sampled by OZ8920 by resistance R F8; Resistance R 8/4, R8/3 are equalizing resistance, and OZ8920 sends out balanced control signal CB8 and manages Q8 by field and carry out equalization discharge; Due to the extremely low power consumption of system requirements, to OZ8920, power supply own also needs to control, and must cut off the power supply of OZ8920 in the time that system enters resting state.In Fig. 7, network POWER_SW is by main control chip STM32F101 by optocoupler control, and the level of main control part is inconsistent with the level of sampling prime; As shown in Figure 8; The data of OZ8920 power-on-reset post-sampling are just effective, when the use in parallel of multiple modules is just need to unify to reset, have master control STM32F101 to carry out same reset by network MCU_RSTN, as shown in Figure 8; The data of prime sampling send to STM32F101 by I2C communication, and because prime level and master control level are inconsistent, so also need to isolate transmission, employing ADUM1250 chip carries out isolation design, as shown in Figure 9;
System actual measurement: because native system actual measurement project is a lot, the present invention only provides dormancy power consumption test and electric discharge overcurrent ann test result.When system enters resting state, single-chip microcomputer is by all outside dumps, and system only has leakage current, and the power consumption of system only has 4.29 μ, meets design requirement.The BMS overcurrent protection value of discharging is made as to 55A, battery is carried out to 56.686A electric discharge, the alarm of BMS electric discharge overcurrent, also meets design requirement.
Systems soft ware: native system software comprises two parts a: part is for operating in the monitoring software on PC, and another part is the embedded software running in single-chip microcomputer.Monitoring software completes human interface function, is mainly used in system parameters as setting and real-time monitoring system running statuses such as system module number, module protection thresholds.Embedded software coordinates the major function of hardware completion system.Software architecture diagram is as shown in figure 10: mainly comprise two parts, one is that single-chip microcomputer peripheral hardware drives, and it two is system application.Running software flow chart is as shown in figure 11: wherein battery capacity SOC mainly adopts current integration method for basis, the way design that reference voltage, temperature and charging times parameter are revised.As shown in figure 12.
Professional can also further recognize, innovative point of the present invention is the structure innovation of system, software program part belongs to existing known technology, the execution step of simultaneously describing in conjunction with the disclosed embodiments in the present invention, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, these functions are carried out with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can realize described function with distinct methods to each specifically should being used for, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment; do not departing under spirit of the present invention and real situation thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art can make according to the present invention various corresponding changes and distortion; these are tackled mutually the amendment that the present invention carries out or are equal to replacement, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the scope of claim protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. can an expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system, it is characterized in that: this system comprises at least two points of administration modules, point administration module is parallel with one another to be connected with charger, load respectively afterwards, divides between administration module and passes through serial communication.
2. according to claim 1 can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system, it is characterized in that: described point of management module-external interface is provided with toggle switch, multipurpose button and indicator light.
3. according to claim 1 can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system, it is characterized in that: described point of administration module comprise main control unit and be connected with main control unit respectively charge and discharge electrical equipment reverse connection unit, unit, main channel, external control unit, communication unit, prime control unit, prime signal sampling unit, point management module for power supply unit; Described prime control unit also adopts unit to be connected with prime signal.
4. according to claim 3 can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system, it is characterized in that: unit, described main channel comprises discharge control loop, charging current limiter control, the locking of overcurrent short-circuit signal, overcurrent detection of short-circuit signal, overcurrent short-circuit signal feedback; When electric discharge, flow out through overload from battery pack anode, flow out to charging isolating switch from load, enter discharge switch, electric discharge sample resistance finally get back to battery pack negative terminal form discharge loop; When charging, electric current flows out and enters battery pack from charger PARK+, flow out from battery pack negative terminal, flow out and after electric discharge isolating diode enters charge switch, enter to charge sample resistance from inductance L 1, finally get back to charger PARK-end and form charge circuit, discharge and recharge passage separate.
5. according to claim 4 can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system, it is characterized in that: the break-make of described discharge loop controlled discharge switch, overcurrent detection of short-circuit signal is parallel on discharge switch, and the locking of overcurrent short-circuit signal, overcurrent short-circuit signal feedback link have been flow short-circuit input.
6. according to claim 3 can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system, it is characterized in that: described point of management module for power supply unit stops power work during in resting state automatically in system, after system access charger, can initiatively wake up, proceed to normal operating conditions.
7. according to claim 3 can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system, it is characterized in that: described prime sampling unit and main control unit are provided with buffer circuit.
According to described in claim 1 to 7 any one can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management system method, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: step 1, system peripheral initialization System self-test; Step 2, metering-in control system; Step 3, battery pack information collection; Step 4, battery capacity SOC calculate; Step 5, system mode are reported to the police.
9. according to claim 8 can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management method, it is characterized in that: described control system, adopts multiple task management mechanism.
10. according to claim 8 can expanding communication back-up source lithium battery management method, it is characterized in that: described battery capacity SOC calculates and calculates by current integration method, comprises the following steps step 1, current sample; Step 2, current sample time obtain; Step 3, integral and calculating; Step 4, obtain voltage, temperature, charge value; Step 5, determine corrected parameter; Step 6, obtain current electric quantity.Above step circulates with major cycle.
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| CN108808780A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-13 | 郑州意特斯电子科技有限公司 | A kind of solar panel lithium battery cell management system |
| CN108808780B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2023-10-17 | 河南华普物联科技有限公司 | Lithium battery pack battery management system for solar panel |
| CN109921486A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-21 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Power communication continuous-current plant based on ferric phosphate lithium cell |
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