CN104165693B - Optical splicing method for interferogram of large-aperture static interference spectrum imager - Google Patents
Optical splicing method for interferogram of large-aperture static interference spectrum imager Download PDFInfo
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- CN104165693B CN104165693B CN201410366339.3A CN201410366339A CN104165693B CN 104165693 B CN104165693 B CN 104165693B CN 201410366339 A CN201410366339 A CN 201410366339A CN 104165693 B CN104165693 B CN 104165693B
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical splicing method for interferograms of a large-aperture static interference spectrum imager, which is characterized in that when the number of spectral dimension lines of a detector cannot meet the requirement of system design on the number of sampling points of the interferograms, a reflecting mirror surface is arranged in front of an image surface to divide the image surface in the spectral direction, and N detectors (N is more than or equal to 2) are used for respectively collecting conversion interferograms; when the instrument is used for push-broom imaging, the interference image images of the plurality of detectors are sequentially spliced among the data of the plurality of frames, and the interference image meeting the data processing requirement is obtained. The invention solves the technical problem that the specification of the detector area array can not meet the requirement of high spectral resolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spectral imaging technology, particularly relate to a kind of interference spectrum imaging technique.
Background technology
Spectral imaging technology has merged spectral technique and imaging technique, obtains geometrical property and the spoke of target simultaneously
Penetrate characteristic, it is achieved the comprehensive survey of target property and identification.Along with the space remote sensing application essence to target property
What thin identification required improves constantly, and the spectral resolution of spectral imaging apparatus, spatial resolution index constantly carry
Rise.
The spectral imaging technology being applied to space remote sensing mainly has color dispersion-type and two kinds of know-whies of interference-type.Dry
Relate to spectral imaging technology and possess high sensitivity, high spectral resolution and high-throughout feature, high spatial can be met
Resolution and high spectral resolution requirement.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imaging technique is to infinity target interference imaging, without slit and motion portion
Part, the different optical path difference interference information of bidimensional ground object target in Polaroid acquisition visual field；Put down by aircraft
Platform flight pushes away sweeps acquisition each optical path difference interference information of same ground object target, can the company of acquisition after multiframe imaging
Each optical path difference interference information of continuous ground object target, then after spectrum recovering, obtain spectral information.Therefore, greatly
Aperture static interference light spectrum image-forming principle capacity usage ratio is former higher than spatial modulation type static interference light spectrum image-forming
Reason, uses large area array photodetector, and single exposure obtains the interferogram of different ground object target difference optical path difference.
According to large aperture interference spectrum imaging technical principle, for reaching high spectral resolution index request, need
Sampling number is increased so that detector array specification becomes the bottle that restriction spectral resolution improves in spectrum direction
Neck, limits large aperture high spectral resolution interference spectrum imager application.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optical splicing method,
Which solve detector array specification in background technology and can not meet the technical problem of high spectral resolution requirement.
The technical solution of the present invention is:
This LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optical splicing method, comprises the following steps:
1] echo signal is divided into the light that two bundles are concerned with completely, then two-beam line is carried out at interference imaging
Reason, produces target interference signal；Described target interference signal is the inverse Fourier transform signal of spectral information；
Target interference signal is the different light paths of the most corresponding different angle of visual field targets centered by zero optical path difference position
Difference interference signal；
2] the target interference signal that utilization processes gained through step 1 generates interference image；
3] interference image step 2 generated is divided into N number of interferogram subgraph along spectrum direction, and N is image planes
Segmentation number, N is natural number and N >=2；
4] gather respectively and process the interferogram subgraph of gained through step 3, gather on interferogram spectrum direction different
The subgraph in region, utilizes diverse location image correspondence respective field of vision angle target one in LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference image
Determine the characteristic of interference strength during optical path difference, by arranging overlap and after image registration, multiple image it
Between splicing after be met spectral information process require interferogram.
It is to use beam splitter to complete that echo signal is divided in above-mentioned steps 1 light that two bundles are concerned with completely.
Two-beam line carries out in above-mentioned steps 1 interference imaging processing is to use optical spectrum imagers to complete.Spectrum
Imager spectral region determines Model of Interferogram Sampling maximum optical path difference scope.
Generating interference image in above-mentioned steps 2 is to be completed by photodetector.
It is by interferogram image planes that interference image is divided in above-mentioned steps 3 N number of subgraph along spectrum direction
Arranging N number of mirror surface near position to complete, image planes segmentation number N is preferably 2,3 or other integers, depending on
Specific targets and detector specification determine.
Gathering interferogram subgraph in above-mentioned steps 4 respectively is to utilize N number of photodetector to N number of interferogram
Subgraph individually gathers.
Above-mentioned beam splitter is lateral shearing beam-splitter or angle shearing beam splitter；Lateral shearing beam-splitter includes
SAGNAC beam splitter, double-corner reflection body beam splitter, birefringence mode beam splitter based on Savart polariscope；
Angle is sheared beam splitter and is included double refraction angle beam splitter based on Wollaston prism.
Present invention have the advantage that
1, the requirement to photo detector spectral dimension face battle array specification is greatly reduced.The present invention uses interference
Figure splicing, uses N number of detector to gather interferogram different piece respectively, and N times reduces light electrical resistivity survey
Survey the requirement of device spectrum dimension line number specification.
2, after the present invention is applied to LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager, so that spectral resolution is big
Width improves, and effectively overcomes existing optical spectrum imagers spectral resolution to be restricted by photodetector face battle array specification
Present situation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager principle explanatory diagram；
Fig. 2 is that LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram splits principle explanatory diagram；
Fig. 3 (a) is that the image planes of LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram segmentation principle explanation are undivided
Time interferogram；
Fig. 3 (b) is that the image planes of LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram segmentation principle explanation are undivided
Time sampling interval schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 (c) is the image planes framing bits of LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram segmentation principle explanation
Put schematic diagram；
After Fig. 3 (d) is the image planes segmentation of LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram segmentation principle explanation
Interferogram sampling interval schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram splices principle explanatory diagram；
Description of reference numerals:
1 preposition imaging lens, 2 collimating mirrors, 3 SAGNAC interferometers, 4 Fourier's imaging lens,
5 interferograms, 6 detectors, 7 image planes segmented reflector mirrors, 8 first detectors, 9 second detections
Device.
Detailed description of the invention
The principle of the present invention is: the interferogram optical splicing method of this LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager,
When detector spectrum dimension line number can not meet system design to Model of Interferogram Sampling point requirement, can be by picture
Mirror surface is set before face in order in spectrum direction segmentation image planes, to distinguish with N number of detector (N >=2)
Gather conversion interferogram；When instrument push-scanning image, by the interferogram image of multiple detectors at many frame data
Between sequence splicing, it is thus achieved that meet the interference image of data handling requirements.
This LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optical splicing method, comprises the following steps:
1] echo signal is divided into the light that two bundles are concerned with completely, then two-beam line is carried out at interference imaging
Reason, produces target interference signal；Described target interference signal is the inverse Fourier transform signal of spectral information；
Target interference signal is the different light paths of the most corresponding different angle of visual field targets centered by zero optical path difference position
Difference interference signal；
2] the target interference signal that utilization processes gained through step 1 generates interference image；
3] interference image step 2 generated is divided into N number of interferogram subgraph along spectrum direction, and N is image planes
Segmentation number, N is natural number and N >=2；
4] gather respectively and process the interferogram subgraph of gained through step 3, gather on interferogram spectrum direction different
The subgraph in region, utilizes diverse location image correspondence respective field of vision angle target one in LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference image
Determine the characteristic of interference strength during optical path difference, by arranging overlap and after image registration, multiple image it
Between splicing after be met spectral information process require interferogram.
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention is as follows:
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager spectral resolution index is 180 spectral coverages, and instrument spectral scope is
0.45um～0.90um.Under These parameters, wavenumber resolution is 61.729cm-1, maximum optical path difference is
0.0081cm；According to nyquist sampling theorem, the instrument sampling interval is 2.25 × 10-5Cm, the most monolateral
Needing photo detector spectral dimension line number during sampling is 360；For ensureing that spectroscopic data processing accuracy need to be done
Relating to the sampling of figure zero passage, zero passage is 54 row when measuring 15%；Simultaneously for avoiding the occurrence of lack sampling, take 15%
Over-sampling, corresponds to 54 row sampling numbers.Therefore instrument index request is at monolateral zero passage sampling time electrical resistivity survey
Surveying device spectrum dimension line number is 468 row.
When actual photo detector spectral dimension maximum number of lines is 256 row, it is impossible to meet 180 spectral coverage spectrum and divide
The requirement to sampling number of the resolution index.The optical splicing method used by the present invention, with 2 light electrical resistivity surveys
Surveying device and carry out optic splice, 1 film explorer gathers 256 sampled points, and another 1 film explorer gathers 222
Sampled point, exposure can obtain 276 sampled points every time, is obtained the 468 of system index requirement by multiframe extraction
Individual sampled point.
Fig. 1 is the explanation of LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager principle, and wherein interferometer is SAGNAC type
Lateral shear interferometer, obtains interferogram on the detector by cutting imagination.Fig. 2 is that LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING is done
The segmentation principle explanation of interferometer interferogram, arranged image planes segmentation minute surface 7 so that interfere before primary image plane position
Figure is divided into 2 parts, is received by the first detector 8 and the second detector 9 respectively.
Fig. 3 (a) is that the image planes of LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram segmentation principle explanation are undivided
Time interferogram；Requirement of system design spectrum dimension has 468 sampled points, needs to gather AB as shown in Fig. 3 (b)
Between 414 sampled points, add between AC after 54 zero passage sampled points, need to gather altogether between BC altogether
468 sampled points.
When the maximum sampling number of single slice detector spectrum dimension is 256, can set at D shown in Fig. 3 (c)
Putting segmented reflector face, CD spacing is set to 10 sampled points, is for avoiding first sampling point C distance point
Secant is crossed near and is affected picture element.Therefore, as shown in Fig. 3 (d), the first detector gathers between CE totally 256
Individual sampling number evidence；Symmetric position interval for EB is obtained after zero optical path difference position A 10 pixels of extension
To interval FG, totally 222 sampled points are as the sampling interval of the second detector.Now, 2 detectors
478 sampled points of sampling altogether, between FG, 10 pixels to zero optical path difference position A extension are used for carrying out figure
As registration is revised.
As it has been described above, 2 film explorers gather interval as shown in Figure 4, respectively CE, FG.To substar
During A imaging, it is thus achieved that ground object target C1E1 and F1G1 interference information in visual field, relative sample interval CB
Lack ground object target interference information between E1B1.When aircraft platforms flies to the right, the first detector passes through
The synchronization exposure data of (n is corresponding to pixel number 394 between F1E1) second detector after n exposed frame
The atural object of 10 pixels, interferogram after 10 exposed frames before middle the first row data F2 correspondence atural object E1
Interference information corresponding for middle F2G2 comprises E1 location conflicts information；After 2m exposed frame, (m is corresponding again
Pixel number 212 between E1B1), it is thus achieved that 212 row interference information between ground object target E1B1.By second
In 212 frame image datas of detector after the interference information extraction sequence of corresponding atural object E1B1, obtain Fig. 3
Interferogram EB part in (d), 256 sampled datas of interferogram CE part obtained with the first detector
Splicing, there are 468 Model of Interferogram Sampling point data, processes for subsequent optical recovery of spectrum.
Therefore, after by carrying out segmentation splicing with 2 divisional planes, it is achieved that by face, spectrum direction battle array specification 256
Two film explorer joining image-formings, meet the sampling request of spectrum channel number 180, and monolithic spectrum direction 256
The detector of unit, maximum can meet the sampling number requirement of spectrum channel number 120 in the range of this spectral coverage.
Claims (9)
1. a LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optical splicing method, it is characterised in that:
1] echo signal is divided into the light that two bundles are concerned with completely, then two-beam line is carried out at interference imaging
Reason, produces target interference signal；Described target interference signal is the inverse Fourier transform signal of spectral information；
Target interference signal is the different light paths of the most corresponding different angle of visual field targets centered by zero optical path difference position
Difference interference signal；
2] the target interference signal that utilization processes gained through step 1 generates interference image；
3] interference image step 2 generated is divided into N number of interferogram subgraph along spectrum direction, and N is image planes
Segmentation number, N is natural number and N >=2；
4] gather respectively and process the interferogram subgraph of gained through step 3, gather on interferogram spectrum direction different
The subgraph in region, utilizes diverse location image correspondence respective field of vision angle target one in LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference image
Determine the characteristic of interference strength during optical path difference, by arranging overlap and after image registration, multiple image it
Between splicing after be met spectral information process require interferogram.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optic splice side the most according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: it is to use point that echo signal is divided in described step 1 light that two bundles are concerned with completely
Bundle device completes.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optic splice side the most according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: two-beam line carries out in described step 1 interference imaging processing is to use light spectrum image-forming
Instrument completes.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optic splice side the most according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: generating interference image in described step 2 is to be completed by photodetector.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optic splice side the most according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: in described step 3, along spectrum direction, interference image being divided into N number of subgraph is to pass through
Near interferogram image planes position, arrange N number of mirror surface complete.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optic splice side the most according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: gathering interferogram subgraph in described step 4 respectively is to utilize N number of photodetector pair
N number of interferogram subgraph individually gathers.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optic splice side the most according to claim 2
Method, it is characterised in that: described beam splitter is that lateral shearing beam-splitter includes SAGNAC beam splitter, double
Corner reflector beam splitter, birefringence mode beam splitter based on Savart polariscope, based on Wollaston prism
Double refraction angle beam splitter.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optic splice side the most according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that: the interference image sampling generated in described optical spectrum imagers spectral region deciding step 2
Maximum optical path difference scope；Spectral resolution requires to determine that Model of Interferogram Sampling is counted；Recovered light is carried out by interferogram
Require during Spectrum data processing to obtain to meet maximum optical path difference scope and the interferogram of sampling number requirement, and comprise
Zero optical path difference position opposite side part interferogram is as phase only pupil filter zero passage amount.
LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING interference spectrum imager interferogram optic splice side the most according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that: set system index requirement spectrum dimension sampling number and tie up row as M, photo detector spectral
Number is for S, and image planes segmentation number is N, meets N*S > relation of M.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410366339.3A CN104165693B (en) | 2014-07-29 | Optical splicing method for interferogram of large-aperture static interference spectrum imager |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410366339.3A CN104165693B (en) | 2014-07-29 | Optical splicing method for interferogram of large-aperture static interference spectrum imager |
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| CN104165693A CN104165693A (en) | 2014-11-26 |
| CN104165693B true CN104165693B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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Inventor after: Liu Qiang Inventor after: Chen Xiaolai Inventor after: Li Siyuan Inventor after: Wang Shuang Inventor after: Li Yun Inventor after: Li Ran Inventor before: Liu Qiang Inventor before: Li Siyuan Inventor before: Chen Xiaolai Inventor before: Wang Shuang Inventor before: Li Yun Inventor before: Li Ran |
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