CN104158375A - Super-low-speed high-torque motor and crane with motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a super-low-speed high-torque motor and a crane with the motor. The motor comprises an outer rotor and a stator. The stator is provided with a stator temperature sensor for collecting a temperature signal within the stator. The outer cylinder inner side of the outer rotor is fixedly equipped with a plurality of permanent magnets which are the same tile-shaped hexahedral structures and are regularly arranged along a circumferential direction and an axial direction. A plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in any circumferential and any axial direction. Two circumferential side faces of the permanent magnets are inclined plane shapes with inside cutting angle shapes, and the angle of a cutting angle is 5 degrees to 35 degrees. According to the crane with the motor, the outer cylinder of the motor is used as the winding drum of a lifting mechanism. The motor can normally run in the condition of low speed (super low speed) and large torque, the operation is stable, the vibration is small, the noise is small, the temperature rise is small, and the motor is mainly used for a crane, a port machine, a tower crane, an elevator, a winding machine and other similar occasion.

Description

Ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor and adopt the crane of this motor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor, also relate to a kind of directly high pulling torque crane as reel by the urceolus of this motor.

Background technology

Existing motor comprises rotor and stator, conventionally adopt stator at external rotor in interior structure, also have part motor be rotor outside and stator interior, this motor is called as external rotor electric machine.The stator core of external rotor electric machine is arranged on fixing central shaft, on iron core, be embedded with winding, rotor is tubular, be positioned at the outside of stator, the two ends of rotor urceolus are provided with fixed disk, and fixed disk is connected by bearing with central shaft, after winding energising, produce rotating magnetic field, act on mutually with the permanent magnet being arranged in rotor inner wall, drive rotor.Existing this motor operational excellence when speed is higher, but when needs low speed (comprising Ultra-Low Speed) moves, it is very obvious that the negative effect such as harmonic torque and cogging torque just becomes, temperature rises, vibration and noise strengthen,, even may there is irreversible demagnetization phenomenon in the decline of exerting oneself, these defects are seriously hindering external rotor electric machine application under the low speed.

Because existing motor can not move under low-speed big, when driving reel for crane, huge gear box need to be set and slow down, not only volume is large, complex structure, production cost and maintenance cost are high, but also have brought unnecessary power consumption.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor, its can be under low speed (Ultra-Low Speed) high pulling torque normally operation, and stable, vibrate littlely, noise is little, temperature rise is low.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of crane that adopts above-mentioned ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor, its lifting mechanism does not need to arrange gear box, and volume is little, and production cost and maintenance cost are low, easy to use, can normally operation under low speed (Ultra-Low Speed) high pulling torque.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A kind of ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor, comprise external rotor and stator, described stator comprises central shaft, be fixedly mounted on the stator core on described central shaft and be fixedly mounted on the stator winding in described stator core, described stator is provided with for gathering the stator temperature transducer of temperature signal in described stator, described external rotor comprises urceolus, the inner side of described urceolus is installed with some permanent magnets, the two ends of described urceolus are all installed with corresponding fixed disk and are connected with described central shaft bearing by corresponding fixed disk, described some permanent magnets adopt identical watt shape hexahedron structure and regularly arranged along circumferential and axial both direction, arbitrary described permanent magnet quantity circumferential and arbitrary axial upper arrangement is a plurality of, two peripheral side of described permanent magnet are the tapered plane shape of inner side top rake shape, its top rake angle is 5-35 degree, the right-hand member of described central shaft extends out in connected respective end bearing, be fixedly mounted on right rigid mount, described right rigid mount is provided with axle installing hole, the right part of described central shaft insert described right rigid mount axle installing hole and and described right rigid mount between be provided with for preventing both anti-rotation structures in relative rotation.

Preferably, described stator core is provided with the stator slot for winding described in setting-in, described stator slot is peariform slot, and k is between 2.5-4.5mm for notch size, and the pitch of described winding is 1, every circle coil winding is on a stator tooth, and adopt the utmost point groove fit system of 8 utmost point 9 grooves, 10 utmost point 12 grooves, 20 utmost point 24 grooves, 30 utmost point 36 grooves, 22 utmost point 24 grooves, 16 utmost point 18 grooves or 32 utmost point 36 grooves, and described permanent magnet adopts NdFeB material, and length is 30-95mm, thickness is 8-18mm, and pole embrace is 0.8-0.9.

Preferably, it is linear that described permanent magnet cross section outward flange is diametrically the circular arc that the center of circle is positioned in described center shaft axis, and described permanent magnet cross section inward flange diametrically adopts following any one version:

(1) described inward flange is single circular arc, and the center of circle is positioned in described center shaft axis;

(2) described inward flange is single circular arc, and the center of circle is positioned on described permanent magnet cross section outward flange mid point and the determined straight line of described center shaft axis, and its radius equals described outer peripheral radius;

(3) described inward flange is single circular arc, and the center of circle is positioned in described center shaft axis, and the circumferential side of permanent magnet cross section inward flange diametrically and permanent magnet cross section is connected by a little concave arc line;

(4) described inward flange is single circular arc, the center of circle is positioned on described permanent magnet cross section outward flange mid point and the determined straight line of described center shaft axis, and its radius equals described outer peripheral radius, the circumferential side of permanent magnet cross section inward flange diametrically and permanent magnet cross section is connected by a little concave arc line.

Preferably, described some permanent magnets week the regular distribution mode upwards and axially in week upwards along circumferential alignment and be uniformly distributed, in the axial direction along aligned and be uniformly distributed.

Preferably, be provided with following any one or multiple interior cooling structure:

(1) described central shaft is quill shaft, and the axis hole of described central shaft is configured for heat dissipation wind channel in interior cooling axle;

(2) between the lateral surface of described stator core and the medial surface of described external rotor, be provided with the annulus that forms the outer heat dissipation wind channel of stator;

(3) in described stator core, be provided with the axially extending bore that forms heat dissipation wind channel in stator, the axially extending bore in described stator core is formed by connecting by forming the corresponding heat dissipation wind channel hole of going out on the stator punching of described stator core,

The draft type of above-mentioned each heat dissipation wind channel is natural draft and/or forced ventilation.

Preferably, adopt following any one forced ventilation structure:

(1) when described central shaft is quill shaft, the axis hole of described central shaft outlet air end is uncovered, in the axis hole of described central shaft outlet air end, be provided with exhausting blower fan in axle, in being also provided with outside stator heat dissipation wind channel and/or stator during heat dissipation wind channel, the two ends of described stator core respectively and between the described fixed disk of respective end, leave the gap that forms the even gap band of calming the anger in end, in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of described stator and/or stator, the two ends of heat dissipation wind channel are communicated with the even gap band of calming the anger in described end of respective end respectively, the sidewall of described central shaft outlet air end is provided with the central shaft side opening that is communicated with the axis hole of described central shaft and the even gap band of calming the anger in the described end of respective end, in described axle, exhausting blower fan is positioned at the outside of this central shaft side opening,

(2) outside being provided with stator in heat dissipation wind channel and/or stator during heat dissipation wind channel, the two ends of described stator core respectively and between the described fixed disk of respective end, leave the gap that forms the even gap band of calming the anger in end, in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of described stator and/or stator, the two ends of heat dissipation wind channel are communicated with the even gap band of calming the anger in described end of respective end respectively, the fixed disk of described air intake is provided with wind inlet channel, the quantity of described wind inlet channel is one or more, in described wind inlet channel, be serially connected with air intake air pump, be positioned on the described wind inlet channel at described air intake air pump two ends and be equipped with air intake unidirectional valve, described air intake air pump comprises cylinder body, described cylinder body is axially disposed within on corresponding described fixed disk, in described cylinder body, be provided with the piston supporting with it, described piston is connected with the piston rod that extends to described fixed disk inner side, cavity in described cylinder body is divided into rod chamber and rodless cavity by described piston, described rod chamber is positioned at the inner side of described rodless cavity, described central shaft is provided with and is positioned at the even gap band and form the multistage cam of cam mechanism with described piston rod of calming the anger in the described end of respective end, described multistage cam promotes described piston rod while rotating and moves back and forth, the air inlet of described air intake air pump and gas outlet are all arranged on the bottom of described rodless cavity, when being also provided with in axle heat dissipation wind channel, the sidewall of described central shaft air intake is provided with the central shaft side opening that is communicated with the axis hole of described central shaft and the even gap band of calming the anger in the described end of respective end.

Preferably, the left end of described urceolus is connected with encoder, the connected mode between the left end of described urceolus and described encoder be following any one:

(1) described encoder is external rotor coder, comprise the inner sleeve and the overcoat that are mutually rotatably connected, the left end of described central shaft extends out in connected respective end bearing, be fixedly mounted on left rigid mount, described left rigid mount is provided with axle installing hole, the left end of described central shaft insert in the axle installing hole of described left rigid mount and and described left rigid mount between be provided with for preventing both anti-rotation structures in relative rotation, described inner sleeve is fixedly connected with the left end of described central shaft, described overcoat is fixedly connected with the described fixed disk of left end, described central shaft, urceolus, inner sleeve and overcoat are coaxial,

(2) described encoder is internal rotor encoder, comprise the inner sleeve and the overcoat that are mutually rotatably connected, described encoder is furnished with multidiameter and bearing spider for connection, described connection is arranged on described bearing spider by outer bearing with multidiameter, described connection is provided with radial flange with the right-hand member of multidiameter, described radial flange is coaxially fastened on the described fixed disk of left end, the inner sleeve of described encoder fixedly sleeved in described connection with the left part of multidiameter or by coaxially connecting shaft coupling and described connection with the left end of multidiameter, the overcoat of coded device is fixedly connected with described bearing spider by connector, described outer bearing adopts double-row self-aligning bearing.

Preferably, described rigid mount adopt following any one:

(1) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is polygonal hole, the shaft part of the described central shaft of connected respective end is identical polygon, described axle installing hole and shaft part interference fit or the interference fits of inserting described central shaft wherein, corresponding polygonized structure has formed described anti-rotation structure, described axle installing hole is set directly in the main body of described rigid mount or is arranged in adjusting sleeve, for situation about being arranged in described adjusting sleeve, the outer rim of described adjusting sleeve is cylindrical, described axle installing hole is arranged on the central authorities of described adjusting sleeve, the main body of described rigid mount is provided with the adjusting sleeve installing hole corresponding with described adjusting sleeve outer rim, described adjusting sleeve is plugged on described adjusting sleeve installing hole, with described adjusting sleeve installing hole interference fits or interference fit, and be provided with or be not provided with fastening bolt,

(2) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is cylindrical hole, the shaft part of the described central shaft of respective end is cylindric, described rigid mount is provided with some pin via holes that penetrate described axle installing hole sidewall, the corresponding shaft part of described central shaft is provided with some pin blind holes of docking with described some pin via holes respectively, some pins or bearing pin are wedged respectively pin via hole and the pin blind hole of described mutual docking, and described pin or bearing pin and supporting structure thereof have formed described anti-rotation structure;

(3) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is cylindrical hole, the shaft part of the described central shaft of respective end is cylindric, described axle installing hole and insert between the described central shaft shaft part in described axle installing hole and be provided with a plurality of keys, described key and supporting structure thereof have formed described anti-rotation structure, described axle installing hole is set directly in the main body of described rigid mount or is arranged in adjusting sleeve, for situation about being arranged in described adjusting sleeve, the outer rim of described adjusting sleeve is cylindrical, described axle installing hole is arranged on the central authorities of described adjusting sleeve, the main body of described rigid mount is provided with the adjusting sleeve installing hole corresponding with described adjusting sleeve outer rim, described adjusting sleeve is plugged on described adjusting sleeve installing hole, with described adjusting sleeve installing hole interference fits or interference fit, and be provided with or be not provided with fastening bolt,

(4) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is cydariform hole, the shaft part of the described central shaft of connected respective end is identical cydariform, described axle installing hole and shaft part interference fit or the interference fits of inserting described central shaft wherein, corresponding drum organization has formed described anti-rotation structure, described axle installing hole is set directly in the main body of described rigid mount or is arranged in adjusting sleeve, for situation about being arranged in described adjusting sleeve, the outer rim of described adjusting sleeve is cylindrical, described axle installing hole is arranged on the central authorities of described adjusting sleeve, the main body of described rigid mount is provided with the adjusting sleeve installing hole corresponding with described adjusting sleeve outer rim, described adjusting sleeve is plugged on described adjusting sleeve installing hole, with described adjusting sleeve installing hole interference fits or interference fit, and be provided with or be not provided with fastening bolt,

(5) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is splined hole, and the described central shaft shaft part of connected respective end is splined shaft, and the two above-mentioned spline structure adopting has formed described anti-rotation structure.

Preferably; by described stator temperature transducer, gather the real time temperature in stator; according to the real time temperature in the described stator collecting, judge the fatigue state of motor; set the working temperature higher limit corresponding with the temperature acquisition position of described stator temperature transducer; when the temperature collecting when corresponding stator temperature transducer meets or exceeds corresponding working temperature higher limit; be judged as the tired also judgement control shutdown according to this of motor; when collected temperature is during lower than corresponding working temperature higher limit, be judged as motor tired and allow motor to carry out work.

Preferably, be provided with for the current signal harvester of online acquisition current of electric and/or for the online voltage signal acquisition device that obtains electric moter voltage, described current signal harvester for for gather stator winding current input signal current sensor and/or for exporting the frequency converter of its current output signal, described voltage signal acquisition device for for gather stator winding voltage input signal voltage sensor and/or for exporting the frequency converter of its Voltage-output signal, by current signal harvester, obtain current signal, the described current signal of take calculates and obtains payload data as load transducing signal or by described current signal, by described voltage signal acquisition device, obtain voltage signal, the transducing signal that the described voltage signal of take is rotary speed or calculate and obtain rotary speed data by described voltage signal.

A crane, comprises any one ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor disclosed by the invention, and the urceolus of described ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor is as the reel of the lifting mechanism of described crane, for connecting and the steel wire rope of the described lifting mechanism of reeling.

The additional technical feature of claim 2-9 of the present invention is as optimisation technique means independently separately, both can individualism, and also combination in any exists mutually.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: owing to adopting external rotor structure, be conducive to high pulling torque output, owing to being provided with stator temperature transducer, can obtain the true temperature of stator interior, this temperature is for the motor hull-skin temperature adopting under prior art or support temperature, can embody more accurately degree of fatigue or the impact of temperature rise on motor of motor, because temperature rise is the different qualities of stator core under different temperatures on the main manifestations that affects of motor, and whether stator core reaches uniform temperature limit value is major influence factors and the necessary qualifications that can motor work on, and motor hull-skin temperature is different from stator interior temperature, be not strict linear relationship between the two yet, therefore in the stator gathering by stator temperature transducer, temperature can be more accurate, judge more in time the fatigue state of motor, avoid the inaccurate erroneous judgement causing of Yin Wendu to fail to judge, both effectively and reliably guaranteed that motor operated in reasonable or safe temperature range, avoid again not reaching shutdown limit value and shutting down the waste causing at stator temperature, also avoided sending a telegraph the too high infringement bringing to motor of machine stator temperature rise because user ignores machine operation guidance simultaneously, in view of motor of the present invention is adapted to high pulling torque output, for example, when lifting mechanism for gantry crane, more than the moment that interacts between rotor and stator during work can reach 200kNm, adopt the axle head installation fixed form of prior art to be easy to occur fixing problem incessantly, owing to being provided with between central shaft right-hand member and right rigid mount for preventing central shaft and bearing anti-rotation structure in relative rotation, the stability that the motor that effectively guarantees to know clearly is installed, has avoided be easy to the to skid phenomenon of rotation of central shaft under existing mounting technique, owing to being provided with heat dissipation wind channel at motor internal, and can be undertaken air-cooled by force ventilated mode, be conducive to increase substantially heat-sinking capability, control temperature rise, particularly owing to can adopting automatic tire pump to ventilate, air pump auto-action when rotor rotates, when rotor stops, air pump also stops action, not only facilitated operation, but also without accessing separately power supply, owing to being provided with encoder, and external rotor coder and internal rotor encoder all can use, in order to gather by encoder exactly, rotor rotates and position signalling provides condition, and the power supply performance that is conducive to control frequency converter is consistent with actual needs, raising running quality, owing to being provided with current sensor and voltage sensor, and obtain load signal by current signal, by voltage signal, obtain tach signal, greatly reduced thus the difficulty that corresponding data gathers, simplified control appliance control procedure, owing to having adopted regularly arranged some permanent magnets on circumferential and axial to form external rotor magnetic field, be conducive to realize the optimization of magnetic field structure, because week has upwards adopted a plurality of permanent magnets, and two peripheral side of permanent magnet are the tapered plane shape of the inner side top rake shape of 5-35 degree, have significantly reduced the aberration rate of field waveform, owing to axially above adopting a plurality of permanent magnets, be conducive to reduce the length of permanent magnet, eliminate significantly or suppressed the impact of high order harmonic component, according to applicant's experiment, with respect to the conventional design under prior art, rely on the present invention above-mentioned relate to that permanent magnet is optimized structure and Optimal Parameters and with other optimization technique means synergies of the present invention, the aberration rate of air-gap field waveform can reduce by 50%-85%, air-gap field irregularity of wave form can be controlled at below 15% or 10%, the aberration rate of back emf waveform is controlled at below 10% or 8%, increased substantially thus the running stability of motor, reduced noise, reduce torque pulsation and contributed to increase torque output, reduced heat, be specially adapted to crane hoisting mechanism and other similar applications that reel directly drives (usining motor urceolus as lifting mechanism reel).

Under above-mentioned preferred implementation of the present invention, motor speed can be low to moderate 0.001r/min-30r/min, and torque density can be up to 80kNm/m ³above, momentary overload capacity can doubly transship up to 1.5-2.0.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (a), 2(b) and 2(c) be respectively the schematic diagram of three kinds of embodiment that the present invention relates to permanent magnet shape of cross section;

Fig. 3 is the axial schematic diagram of an embodiment of permanent magnet mounting structure of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the axial schematic diagram of another embodiment of permanent magnet mounting structure of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of a kind of hollow shaft of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the cross section structure schematic diagram that the present invention relates to some heat dissipation wind channels;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of a kind of cooling structure of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of cooling structure of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the third cooling structure of the present invention;

Figure 10 the present invention relates to the structural representation of external rotor coder;

Figure 11 is the structural representation that the present invention relates to internal rotor encoder;

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of a kind of rigid mount of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of rigid mount of the present invention;

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the third rigid mount of the present invention;

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the 4th kind of rigid mount of the present invention;

Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the 5th kind of rigid mount of the present invention;

Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of the 6th kind of rigid mount of the present invention;

Figure 18 is the electric current that the present invention relates to and the relation curve of lifting loads, the occupation mode of motor is the lifting mechanism for crane, the rotor urceolus of motor is as the cable drum of crane rope reel system, direct winfing steel wire rope, the lift heavy that load is crane;

Figure 19 is the voltage that the present invention relates to and the relation curve of the speed of service, and the occupation mode of motor is the lifting mechanism for crane, and the rotor urceolus of motor is as the cable drum of crane rope reel system, direct winfing steel wire rope;

Figure 20 relates to the structural representation of lifting mechanism in crane of the present invention.

Embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1-17, the invention discloses a kind of ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor, be preferably permagnetic synchronous motor, be generally three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, also can be single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor, comprise this class motor itself under ordinary meaning, be also included within the electric device of additional other concrete application functions on the basis of this electric machine structure and operation principle.

Ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor disclosed by the invention comprises external rotor and is positioned at the stator (referring to Fig. 1) of described external rotor, described stator is mainly by stator core 1, stator winding and central shaft 2 form, described central shaft can be solid shafting or hollow shaft, described stator core is fixedly mounted on central shaft, described stator core is provided with stator slot, stator winding is fixedly inlaid on described stator slot, described external rotor comprises the urceolus 3 of tubular, the two ends of described urceolus are fixedly connected with fixed disk 4, described fixed disk is rotatably connected with described central shaft by rotor bearing 5, in described urceolus, be installed with some permanent magnets 6, described some permanent magnets adopt identical watt shape hexahedron structure and regularly arranged along circumferential and axial both direction, arbitrary described permanent magnet quantity circumferential and arbitrary axial upper arrangement is a plurality of, two peripheral side of described permanent magnet are the tapered plane shape of inner side top rake shape, its top rake angle θ is 5-35 degree (referring to Fig. 2).After stator winding electrifying, the magnetic field interaction that the rotating magnetic field of generation and permanent magnet produce, drives urceolus synchronous rotary, converts electrical energy into thus mechanical energy.Owing to having adopted regularly arranged some permanent magnets on circumferential and axial to form permanent magnetic field, be conducive to realize the optimization of magnetic field structure, particularly, owing to upwards having adopted two peripheral side of a plurality of permanent magnets and permanent magnet to be the tapered plane shape of the inner side top rake shape of 5-35 degree in week, significantly reduced the aberration rate of field waveform; Due to axially upper, adopt a plurality of permanent magnets, be conducive to reduce the length of permanent magnet, eliminate significantly or suppressed high order harmonic component.

Preferably, described some permanent magnets week the regular distribution mode upwards and axially in week upwards along circumferential alignment and be uniformly distributed, in the axial direction along aligned and be uniformly distributed, the circumferential distribution and the axial distribution that are not only conducive to thus each permanent magnet of reasonable arrangement, realize magnetic field optimization, and simple in structure, be convenient to processing, installation and maintenance.

Preferably, circumferentially between adjacent described permanent magnet, leave spacing, be conducive to thus optimize magnetic field and be convenient to and install.

Preferably, the installation fixed form of described permanent magnet in described urceolus can adopt following any one mode:

(1) referring to Fig. 3, the inner surface of described urceolus is provided with and somely extends axially, the circumferential spaced and dovetail groove that adapts with the shape and size of described permanent magnet, and described permanent magnet is inlaid in corresponding dovetail groove;

(2) referring to Fig. 4, circumferentially between adjacent described permanent magnet, be provided with axially extended fixedly press strip 7, described axially extended fixedly press strip presses on described urceolus and with the side, both sides of described permanent magnet by screw fastening.

For above-mentioned (1), plant mounting means, described being inlaid between permanent magnet in corresponding dovetail groove and described dovetail groove can bond mutually, for above-mentioned (2), plant mounting means, the cross section of described axially extended fixedly press strip can be rectangular or trapezoidal, between the radial outer side of described axially extended fixedly press strip and the inwall of described urceolus, also can be provided with not magnetic conduction binding agent 8, improve thus the fastness of installing and can not have a negative impact to magnetic field.Described fixedly press strip adopts square-section to be easy to processing, and trapezoid cross section can make the respective side of both sides and corresponding permanent magnet closely fit, and is conducive to improve fastness and reliability.

Preferably, for above-mentioned (2), plant mounting means (when being provided with axially extended fixedly press strip between circumferentially adjacent described permanent magnet), two axial sides of described permanent magnet also can be the tapered plane shape of inner side top rake shape, axially between upper adjacent described permanent magnet, leave spacing and be provided with the fixedly press strip of circumferential extension, described axially extended fixedly press strip presses on described urceolus and with the side, both sides of described permanent magnet by screw fastening, the cross section of described axially extended fixedly press strip is rectangular or trapezoidal, the fastness that can further improve the thus installation one-step optimization magnetic field of going forward side by side.

Preferably, the radially-outer surface of described permanent magnet is the Cylinder Surface that axis overlaps with described center shaft axis, to be axis overlap with described center shaft axis the inner radial surface of described permanent magnet or parallel Cylinder Surface or the curved surface that joins and form for the Cylinder Surface being parallel to each other by a plurality of axis, and the connecting line of described a plurality of Cylinder Surfaces can be positioned on the Cylinder Surface that axis overlaps with described center shaft axis.

As further preferred structure, described permanent magnet cross section (perpendicular to the cross section in center shaft axis direction) outward flange 61(footpath is diametrically upwards away from the edge of central shaft) be the center of circle and be positioned in described center shaft axis (in permanent magnet cross section institute in the plane, described center shaft axis shows as a point, circular arc down together) is linear, the edge of the upwards close central shaft in described permanent magnet cross section inward flange 62(footpath diametrically) be single circular arc or the curve for being interconnected to by multi-section circular arc, by the optimal design of these curvilinear surface, can improve significantly air-gap field waveform, reduce aberration rate.

Fig. 2 (a)-(c) provides the several embodiment that relate to permanent magnet cross section inward flange shape diametrically:

In the embodiment that Fig. 2 (a) provides: described permanent magnet cross section inward flange is diametrically single circular arc, its center of circle is positioned in described center shaft axis, the radius of outward flange and inward flange is respectively R1 and R2, be formed on the permanent magnet of radially going up uniform thickness, make the radially inside and outside surface of each permanent magnet lay respectively at (rotor case is coaxial with central shaft) on the corresponding face of cylinder coaxial with described rotor case, and spacing between the outer surface of permanent magnet inner surface diametrically and stator is equated;

In the embodiment that Fig. 2 (b) provides: described permanent magnet cross section inward flange is diametrically single circular arc, its radius equates with described permanent magnet cross section outer peripheral radius diametrically, be R1, its center of circle is positioned on described permanent magnet cross section outward flange mid point and the determined straight line of described center shaft axis, form thus the permanent magnet central authorities thin structure in thick both sides, be conducive to eliminate edge harmonic wave;

In the embodiment of Fig. 2 (c), described permanent magnet cross section inward flange diametrically can adopt the shape of Fig. 2 (a) embodiment, also can adopt the shape of Fig. 2 (b) embodiment, its special character is the circumferential side of Fig. 2 (a) embodiment and permanent magnet cross section inward flange diametrically in Fig. 2 (b) embodiment and permanent magnet cross section to be connected by a little concave arc line (radius is R3), rather than direct connection generally or connect by convex fillet, can more effectively reduce edge harmonic wave thus.The effect of similar " top rake " has been played in the setting of both sides circular arc, is conducive to further torque ripple reduction, optimizes magnetic field, eliminates significantly or reduce the active force of high order harmonic component, for motor steady operation under low speed/Ultra-Low Speed, high pulling torque provides basic guarantee.

Preferably, the length of described permanent magnet (axial length) is between 30-95mm, the thickness of described permanent magnet is (when permanent magnet is not when waiting thick structure, refer to maximum ga(u)ge) between 8-18mm, guaranteeing, under the prerequisite of mechanical strength and magnetic field intensity, can to reduce significantly the impact of high order harmonic component thus.

Preferably, described permanent magnet adopts NdFeB material, to improve magnetic property.

Preferably, the material of described permanent magnet meets following condition, to guarantee that motor normally moves, improves adaptability:

(1) remanent magnetism is more than 1.25T, and HCJ is between 20-30kOe;

(2) demagnetization curve 150-180 ℃ time is straight line, does not occur degaussing flex point or occurs degaussing flex point but its maximum degaussing working point b _mhhigher than its degaussing flex point.

Thus, it is SH, UH or EH NdFeB material that described permanent magnet should be chosen the trade mark, or performance quite or more excellent other may the trades mark NdFeB material.Employing has the permanent magnetic material of These characteristics, can eliminate the irreversible degaussing risk that the permanent magnet of traditional low-speed high-torque motor will produce under crane operating condition, is the important guarantee that the present invention can realize low speed or Ultra-Low Speed, high pulling torque.

Preferably, described stator slot adopts peariform slot, k is between 2.5-4.5mm for notch size, and winding pitch is 1, and every circle stator winding coil is wrapped on a stator tooth, can optimize significantly stator field thus, eliminate or reduce high order harmonic component, improving frequency characteristic, raising is exerted oneself, save material, reduce copper loss.

Preferably, pole embrace is 0.8-0.9, and utmost point groove coordinates employing 8 utmost point 9 grooves, 10 utmost point 12 grooves, 20 utmost point 24 grooves, 30 utmost point 36 grooves, 22 utmost point 24 grooves, 16 utmost point 18 grooves or 32 utmost point 36 groove fit systems, to optimize air-gap field, eliminates cogging torque.

Through above-mentioned improvement, under preferred embodiment and for example, in conjunction with other supporting optimization devices (high-quality frequency converter), the aberration rate of the air-gap field waveform of motor of the present invention can reduce by 50%-80%, air-gap field irregularity of wave form is controlled at below 15% or 10%, the aberration rate of back emf waveform is controlled at below 10% or 8%, increased substantially thus the running stability of motor, reduced noise, reduce torque pulsation and contributed to increase torque output, and contribute to control temperature rise, therefore under the situation of ultra-low speed big torsional moment, still can normally move, be specially adapted to crane hoisting mechanism and other similar applications that reel directly drives (usining urceolus as reel).

For improving heat-sinking capability, improve radiating effect, particularly, for the large use occasion of some quantity of heat production, can heat dissipation wind channel be set at motor internal, by natural draft or force ventilated mode, directly aeration-cooling at motor internal.

For example, can be provided with following any one or multiple interior cooling structure (referring to Fig. 5-8):

(1) described central shaft is quill shaft, and the axis hole 9 of described central shaft is configured for heat dissipation wind channel (referring to Fig. 5) in interior cooling axle;

(2) between the lateral surface of described stator core and the medial surface of described external rotor, be provided with the annulus (referring to Fig. 6) that forms the outer heat dissipation wind channel 10 of stator;

(3) in described stator core, be provided with the axially extending bore (referring to Fig. 6) that forms heat dissipation wind channel 11 in stator.

Conventionally, described stator core is comprised of the stacked stator punching vertically of some same structures, in the case, preferably, described stator punching upper punch is shaped with some heat dissipation wind channels hole, in described stator, heat dissipation wind channel consists of the corresponding heat dissipation wind channel hole on described each stator punching, can, in the situation that substantially not increasing processing technology or technology difficulty, form heat dissipation wind channel in required stator thus.

Preferably, the some heat dissipation wind channels hole on described stator punching distributes along same even circumferential, thus can balanced radiating effect everywhere.When needs arrange multilayer heat dissipation wind channel hole, the some heat dissipation wind channels hole on described stator punching can be along a plurality of circle distribution, and some heat dissipation wind channels hole of each circumference is uniformly distributed.

Preferably, on described stator punching, be distributed on same circumference some heat dissipation wind channels hole shape with size identical, be and take the arc strip hole that the center of described stator punching is the center of circle, can guarantee thus effectively to improve in the situation of stator core intensity the area of dissipation in air channel.

Preferably, the distance of this stator punching inward flange of the heat dissipation wind channel pitch-row on described stator punching (being positioned at the edge of central central shaft installing hole) is less than apart from the outer peripheral distance of this stator punching, outside composite stator, in heat dissipation wind channel and stator heat dissipation wind channel effect in the situation that, improve overall radiating efficiency and heat-sinking capability thus.

When needs forced ventilation, can adopt following any one forced ventilation structure:

(1) when described central shaft is quill shaft, the axis hole of described central shaft outlet air end is uncovered, in the axis hole of described central shaft outlet air end, be provided with exhausting blower fan in axle, in being also provided with outside stator heat dissipation wind channel and/or stator during heat dissipation wind channel, the two ends of described stator core respectively and between the described fixed disk of respective end, leave the gap that forms the even gap band 12 of calming the anger in end, in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of described stator and/or stator, the two ends of heat dissipation wind channel are communicated with the even gap band of calming the anger in described end of respective end respectively, the sidewall of described central shaft outlet air end is provided with the central shaft side opening 13 that is communicated with the axis hole of described central shaft and the even gap band of calming the anger in the described end of respective end, in described axle, exhausting blower fan is positioned at the outside of this central shaft side opening,

(2) outside being provided with stator in heat dissipation wind channel and/or stator during heat dissipation wind channel, the two ends of described stator core respectively and between the described fixed disk of respective end, leave the gap that forms the even gap band 12 of calming the anger in end, in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of described stator and/or stator, the two ends of heat dissipation wind channel are communicated with the even gap band of calming the anger in described end of respective end respectively, the fixed disk of described air intake is provided with wind inlet channel, the quantity of described wind inlet channel is one or more, in described wind inlet channel, be serially connected with air intake air pump, be positioned on the described wind inlet channel at described air intake air pump two ends and be equipped with air intake unidirectional valve, described air intake air pump comprises cylinder body, described cylinder body is axially disposed within on corresponding described fixed disk, in described cylinder body, be provided with the piston supporting with it, described piston is connected with the piston rod that extends to described fixed disk inner side, cavity in described cylinder body is divided into rod chamber and rodless cavity by described piston, described rod chamber is positioned at the inner side of described rodless cavity, described central shaft is provided with and is positioned at the even gap band and form the multistage cam of cam mechanism with described piston rod of calming the anger in the described end of respective end, described multistage cam promotes described piston rod while rotating and moves back and forth, the air inlet of described air intake air pump and gas outlet are all arranged on the bottom of described rodless cavity, when being also provided with in axle heat dissipation wind channel, the sidewall of described central shaft air intake is provided with the central shaft side opening that is communicated with the axis hole of described central shaft and the even gap band of calming the anger in the described end of respective end.

Provide the embodiment of several coolings below:

For example, can carry out the ventilation and heat in motor by heat dissipation wind channel in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of described stator and stator, in the case, two even gap bands 12 of calming the anger in described end should be communicated with respectively ventilation air duct 14 separately, described ventilation air duct can be opened on the fixed disk of respective end and be connected with the even gap band of calming the anger in end of respective end (referring to Fig. 7), with simplified structure, reduce windage and raise the efficiency, for example, ventilation air duct on one of them fixed disk (fixed disk of right-hand member) is as wind inlet channel, for example, ventilation air duct on another fixed disk (fixed disk of left end) is as air-out air channel, when needs carry out forced ventilation, ventilation air duct described at least one on fixed disk is provided with forced ventilation device, by the draught effect (blast and/or extract out) of forced ventilation device, in described stator, outside heat dissipation wind channel and stator, heat dissipation wind channel forms the air-flow with Air Quantity Required and pressure, heat in stator core is fallen apart and outside heat dissipation wind channel and stator, in the air-flow of heat dissipation wind channel, by air-flow, is taken out of in stator by heat exchange, realize thus the object of high effect forced heat radiation.The outer heat dissipation wind channel of said stator and the even gap band of calming the anger in end can be all the respective clearance of existing motor, can without resetting in addition, be conducive to simplified structure according to heat radiation and need to the carrying out the improvement on size and dimension of even pressure.

Preferably, the quantity in described wind inlet channel and air-out air channel is several, be opened in respectively on the fixed disk of respective end, described air-out air channel is provided with air-out unidirectional valve 15, described forced ventilation device is air intake air pump 16, the quantity of described air intake air pump is several, is connected in series respectively in each self-corresponding described wind inlet channel, is equipped with corresponding air intake unidirectional valve (for example intake valve for described air pump 17, vent valve 18) on the wind inlet channel at described air intake air pump two ends.To the driving of described air pump and work method control, can pass through existing and other possible appropriate technologies of any suitable.

Preferably, described air intake air pump comprises cylinder body, described cylinder body is axially disposed within on corresponding described fixed disk, in described cylinder body, be provided with supporting piston, described piston is connected with the piston rod that extends to described fixed disk inner side, described cylinder body internal cavity is divided into rod chamber and rodless cavity by described piston, described rod chamber is positioned at the inner side of described rodless cavity, described central shaft is provided with and is positioned at the even gap band and form the multistage cam 19 of cam mechanism with described piston rod of calming the anger of respective end, described multistage cam promotes described piston rod while rotating and moves back and forth, the air inlet of described air intake air pump and gas outlet are all located at the bottom of described rodless cavity, described rodless cavity forms a part for described wind inlet channel thus, realize the serial connection of described air pump on described wind inlet channel.Conventionally on piston rod top, the wheel coordinating with described cam can be set, the boss of described cam also can adopt the curved-surface structure of a top arc and two inner arc smooth connections, to reduce friction.During machine operation, described fixed disk rotates with external rotor and the piston rod by each air pump described in described multistage cam driven moves back and forth, and then drive the piston reciprocating of each air pump to move, movement along with piston, rely on the effect of the air intake unidirectional valve on the wind inlet channel of described air intake air pump two ends, extraneous air enters rodless cavity, then from rodless cavity, enters the even gap band of calming the anger of respective end, after heat dissipation wind channel in stator and the outer heat dissipation wind channel of stator, through the air outlet outflow of the other end.According to actual needs, can, by boss quantity on suitable air pump quantity (wind inlet channel quantity), air pump parameter and cam etc., can meet the requirement of motor radiating to air quantity and blast.This air pump, without separately connecing external impetus, is automatically started working when machine operation, when motor stops, automatically stopping, very convenient.

As above-mentioned two ends ventilation air duct, be all opened in the replacement scheme on fixed disk, described ventilation air duct also can all be opened on the central shaft of respective end (as Fig. 8), or the ventilation air duct of one end is opened on fixed disk, the ventilation air duct of the other end is opened in (as Fig. 9) on fixed disk.Ventilation air duct is opened in and on central shaft, is conducive to improve the adaptability to forced ventilation device, syndeton between simplification and forced ventilation device, and improve draught capacity, describedly be opened in ventilation air duct on central shaft and can be formed by the central shaft side opening 21 that is opened in the central shaft axial hole (be equivalent to extend internally from axle head to the central shaft axis hole of certain length) 20 of described central shaft end and be arranged on the sidewall of described central shaft axial hole, the outer end opening of described central shaft axial hole, inner end shutoff (comprise and adopt closeouts shutoff or be arranged to blind hole), one end of described central shaft side opening is communicated with the even gap band of calming the anger in end of respective end, the other end is communicated with described central shaft axial hole.

When adopting breeze fan as forced ventilation device, on the central shaft of air intake, offer wind inlet channel, the air outlet of described breeze fan is communicated with described wind inlet channel or directly suitable breeze fan is arranged in described wind inlet channel, adapt with this forced ventilation mode, described air-out air channel can be opened on the fixed disk of respective end, also can be opened on the central shaft of respective end, when described air-out air channel is opened on the fixed disk of respective end, the quantity in the air-out air channel on the described fixed disk that is opened in respective end conventionally can be for a plurality of, to improve draught capacity.

When adopting exhausting blower fan as described forced ventilation device, described air-out air channel is located on the central shaft of respective end, the air inlet of described exhausting blower fan be communicated with described air-out air channel or directly by suitable exhausting assembling in described air-out air channel, adapt with this forced ventilation mode, described wind inlet channel can be opened on the fixed disk of respective end, also can be opened on the central shaft of respective end, when described wind inlet channel is opened on the fixed disk of respective end, the quantity of the wind inlet channel on the described fixed disk that is opened in respective end conventionally can be for a plurality of, to improve draught capacity.

For wind inlet channel and air-out air channel, be all arranged on the above-mentioned type of cooling on central shaft, if the wind inlet channel on central shaft and air-out air channel are communicated with (being exactly in fact to adopt the central shaft axis hole connecting), form heat dissipation wind channel in axle, and the size of the central shaft side opening 13 of air intake and outlet air end is suitably set, air mass flow in heat dissipation wind channel in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of stator, the interior heat dissipation wind channel of stator and axle is met the requirements, just can realize the object that in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of stator, the interior heat dissipation wind channel of stator and axle, heat dissipation wind channel dispels the heat simultaneously simultaneously.

As shown in Figure 9, the air intake of described central shaft axis hole is by closure plate 22 shutoff, and the central shaft axis hole that is provided with induced draft fan 23 or described outlet air end in the central shaft axis hole of described outlet air end is connected with induced draft fan.After induced draft fan starts, the wind inlet channel of cool exterior air from air intake fixed disk enters the even gap band of calming the anger in end of this end, a part enters the even gap band of calming the anger in end of outlet air end after outer heat dissipation wind channel, then the central shaft side opening by respective end enters central shaft axis hole, another part enters the central shaft axis hole of this end through the central shaft side opening of air intake, along central shaft axis hole, flow into outlet air end, two parts air stream converges in outlet air end central shaft axis hole, through induced draft fan, send central shaft, form thus the air blast cooling to stator outer surface and central shaft inside, realize thus the object of high effect forced heat radiation.

The encoder of described motor can adopt external rotor coder, also can adopt common internal rotor encoder.

Conventionally, described encoder is rotary encoder, comprises the inner sleeve 24 and the overcoat 25 that are mutually rotatably connected, between described inner sleeve and overcoat, leave gap, described inner sleeve and put outward and be provided with corresponding position sensible element, to guarantee that overcoat is with respect to the rotation of inner sleeve, to obtain corresponding transducing signal.

When described encoder is (referring to Figure 10) while being arranged on the external rotor coder of described urceolus left end, described inner sleeve is socketed in the described central shaft extending out from left end and with described central shaft and is fixedly connected with, described overcoat is fixedly connected with and (can directly fixes with described urceolus, also can be indirectly fixing by other structural members), described central shaft, urceolus, inner sleeve and overcoat are coaxial.During work, described inner sleeve maintains static together with described central shaft, described overcoat and described urceolus Complete Synchronization ground rotate, and the parameters such as the angular displacement of described overcoat, rotary speed, rotary acceleration are identical with described urceolus, are conducive to guarantee to detect the reliability of data and improve accuracy of detection.

Preferably, the mode that described inner sleeve is fixedly connected with described central shaft is to be socketed between described inner sleeve on described central shaft and described central shaft to be provided with linking bond 26, and this mode being connected and fixed is simple in structure, easy for installation, good reliability.

Preferably, described central shaft left end is multidiameter neck for connecting the axle journal of described inner sleeve, the right-hand member of described inner sleeve is located by the corresponding seam on described multidiameter neck, the left end of described inner sleeve is by fixedly sleeved thrust ring 27 location at described multidiameter neck, guaranteed location in the axial direction of inner sleeve and fixed thus by simple structure.

Preferably, on described multidiameter neck, be also socketed with spacer 28, described spacer is used between the described interior loop port of locating in described inner sleeve and in described inner sleeve left side, the right-hand member of described spacer and the end face of described seam join, the left end of described spacer and the right-hand member of described inner sleeve join, the right-hand member of described thrust ring and the left end of described inner sleeve join, and by the setting of spacer, are beneficial to inner sleeve to be positioned on suitable axial location.

Preferably, described spacer consists of one section of tube-in-tube structure, and the axial middle part of described tube-in-tube structure is provided with toroidal membrane, and described toroidal membrane is positioned at the left side of the described rotor bearing of left end, its external diameter is greater than the internal diameter of this rotor bearing, can also play protective action to the rotor bearing of respective end thus.

Preferably, in the annular flange flange 29 that the outward flange position of the described fixed disk of left end is located in described urceolus corresponding port by bolted, the inner circle of described fixed disk is fixedly connected with the outer ring of respective rotor bearing, has realized thus being connected between the shutoff of described urceolus left end port and urceolus and rotor bearing easily and effectively.

Because the external diameter of described rotor bearing is generally greater than the external diameter of described overcoat, preferably, described outer putting is provided with overcoat flange 30, described overcoat flange is positioned at the left side of a flange for connection 31, and by bolted on the inward flange position of this flange for connection, described flange for connection is positioned at the left side of the fixed disk of described left end, the outward flange position of described flange for connection is the inward flange position at the fixed disk of described left end by bolted, realizes thus being fixedly connected with between described overcoat and described urceolus.Solved thus the problem that cannot directly be connected with fixed disk because of factors such as described encoder overcoat size and positions easily and effectively.

Under the mounting means of above-mentioned external rotor coder, the left end of described central shaft is the same with right-hand member, be arranged on the left rigid mount 32 of its correspondence, described left rigid mount is arranged on the outside of described external rotor coder, not only facilitated thus the installation of encoder, simplify syndeton, also easy to use and maintenance.

When described encoder is (referring to Figure 11) while being arranged on the internal rotor encoder 33 of described urceolus left end, conventionally adopt small-bore internal rotor encoder, described small-bore internal rotor encoder is provided with and connects with multidiameter 34 and bearing spider, described connection is arranged on described bearing spider by outer bearing 35 with multidiameter, described connection is provided with radial flange with the right-hand member of multidiameter, the coaxial fixed disk 4 that connects described left end of described radial flange, the inner sleeve of described encoder is fixedly sleeved coaxially to be connected with described connection with the left end of multidiameter with the left part of multidiameter or by shaft coupling 36 or similar connector in described connection, the overcoat of coded device is fixedly connected with described bearing spider by connector.Because the inner sleeve of encoder uses multidiameter to be coaxially connected with described urceolus 3 by connection, by corresponding connector, overcoat is maintained static, internal rotor encoder under routine techniques can be used for to the detection of the external rotor electric machine that diameter is larger, for example ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor disclosed by the invention thus.

Conventionally, described bearing spider is preferably formed by the seat of honour 37 and lower 38 two parts docking, and the described seat of honour is passed through together with bolted, to facilitate processing, installation and maintenance with lower.

Preferably, described outer bearing adopts double-row self-aligning bearing, to improve stress performance.

Preferably, on described bearing spider, be fixed with baffle ring 39 and bearing cap 40 for bearing outer ring axial limiting, described baffle ring is positioned at the right side of described outer bearing, described bearing cap is positioned at the left side of described outer bearing, described baffle ring and bearing cap are connected with leaving gap between multidiameter with described, to realize reliable location and to avoid connecting the obstruction with multidiameter.

Conventionally, described connection is successively decreased to a left side by the right side piecemeal with the diameter of each shaft part on multidiameter, to be adapted on urceolus and encoder the installation dimension requirement of corresponding.

Conventionally, described connection can be solid or hollow rotary structure part with multidiameter, when adopting hollow-core construction, can carry out threading and ventilation etc. by mesopore.

Preferably, described encoder overcoat comprises that with the connector between described bearing spider transition is connected the Special-shaped flange 41 of use, the two ends of described Special-shaped flange are respectively outer rim annular connecting portion and inner edge annular connecting portion, part between described outer rim annular connecting portion and inner edge annular connecting portion is the tubular with ring ladder, described outer rim annular connecting portion is in the right-hand member of described Special-shaped flange, be connected with bearing cap, described inner edge annular connecting portion is in the left end of described Special-shaped flange, be connected with the described outer mounting flange putting, the axial location of corresponding and the connection request of radial dimension on motor and encoder have not only been adapted to thus, but also the parts such as outer bearing are played to effective protective effect.

Described rigid mount (right rigid mount and, if any, left rigid mount) can adopt the form of any suitable, because the frictional force between columniform optical axis and columniform unthreaded hole is limited, therefore when the moment of torsion of central shaft is very large, be easy to occur skidding, therefore, can be by the central shaft shaft part cooperatively interacting and axle installing hole 42 be arranged to non-circular, for example polygonal hole (referring to Figure 12) and cydariform hole (Figure 16), or radially pass and be positioned at the hole (referring to Figure 14) on rigid mount and central shaft by pin 43 or bolt etc., make its part be positioned at rigid mount, another part is positioned at central shaft, stop thus central shaft relative stiffness bearing to rotate, can also be by axle installing hole being arranged to splined hole (referring to Figure 17), or linking bond 44(is set referring to Figure 15 between central shaft and axle installing hole) etc. mode stop central shaft relative stiffness bearing rotation.

Conventionally, described axle installing hole can be set directly on described rigid mount, be arranged in the main body of described rigid mount, preferably, rigid mount can adopt by the main body of rigid mount and adjusting sleeve 45 Split type structures, described axle installing hole is arranged on the central authorities of described adjusting sleeve, the outside of described adjusting sleeve is cylindrical, the main body of described rigid mount is provided with the adjusting sleeve installing hole corresponding with described adjusting sleeve outer rim, described adjusting sleeve is plugged on described adjusting sleeve installing hole, with described adjusting sleeve installing hole interference fits or interference fit, and be provided with or be not provided with on fastening bolt, during installation, described adjusting sleeve and central shaft can be installed to as a whole in the adjusting sleeve installing hole of main body of rigid mount, and adjusting sleeve installing hole is cylindrical hole, facilitate central shaft centering, the difficulty of circumferential angle adjustment and the coaxial adjustment difficulty of two rigid mounts while having reduced central shaft installation, also reduced the processing request of rigid mount and central shaft axle journal, when the two ends of central shaft are installed on rigid mount, conventionally having a rigid mount at least is the above-mentioned rigid mount that is provided with adjusting sleeve.

Preferably, the quantity of described stator temperature transducer is one or more, the setting position of described stator temperature transducer (refers to the position of collecting temperature, corresponding temperature gathers position) can be for one or more, can need and processing and operational facility according to difference thus, quantity and the installation site of stator temperature transducer is set flexibly.

For example, described stator temperature transducer can be arranged on following optional position:

A) in the stator slot of described stator temperature sensor setting in described stator core, between winding in corresponding stator slot cell wall and this stator slot, the temperature collecting thus embodies the temperature of stator core substantially, can be considered or be used as the temperature of stator core;

B) described stator core inside is provided with stator temperature installation of sensors hole, described stator temperature transducer is inlaid in described stator temperature installation of sensors hole, can collect more accurately the temperature of stator core inside thus, described stator temperature installation of sensors hole can be arranged on to the maximum temperature position of stator core, to obtain the maximum temperature in stator core, avoid because of actual acquisition to stator core internal temperature lower than its maximum temperature, cause these positions Yin Wendu to surpass working temperature higher limit unshakable in one's determination to break down; Conventionally, described stator temperature installation of sensors hole can be in the punching process of corresponding lamination punching out.

C) winding of described stator temperature sensor setting in the stator slot of described stator core is inner, can directly collect thus the internal temperature of winding.Based on same reason noted earlier, the inner stator temperature transducer arranging of winding is also preferably arranged on the high-order bit of temperature in winding;

D) in described central shaft, can also be provided with or not be provided with for gathering the stator temperature transducer of central shaft temperature, by obtaining central shaft temperature for gathering the stator temperature transducer of central shaft temperature, to compare with other temperature, the temperature gradient of analysis and research on motor changes, and can control require relatively low in the situation that as control according to or by after revising as controlling foundation.

Because under prior art being all is generally positioned over temperature probe to carry out thermometric on motor bearings or motor housing, heat production and the temperature regime that can not reflect motor internal, corresponding external rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine particularly, the copper loss of stator winding and the iron loss of stator core are the main causes of heating, and first these heat energy cause the temperature rising of stator core and stator winding, through longer path, just arrive shell or bearing, therefore, the temperature recording from shell or bearing can not embody the temperature of stator interior truly, be unfavorable for motor status to make judgement accurately, also be unfavorable for motor to control accurately.In addition because people test by the time working level that defines motor, but in actual running, user generally can not go to add up the time of motor operation, run to after the maximum operating time of working level restriction, often there will be not motor is shut down etc. and to be processed and continue the phenomenon of operation, in the situation that people do not grasp motor internal temperature, be easy to cause accident to occur, if and completely according to duty work, although conventionally can guarantee safe operation, but the phenomenon of just shutting down before the internal temperature that often also exists motor not reach should to shut down, cause the utilance of motor to decline, affect operating efficiency and can judge by stator temperature the fatigue state of motor, therefore, by stator temperature, judge that motor fatigue state and degree are more accurate, can set the working temperature higher limit corresponding with temperature acquisition position on stator, when the temperature collecting meets or exceeds corresponding working temperature higher limit, judgement motor fatigue according to this judgement are controlled and are shut down, when collected temperature is during lower than corresponding working temperature higher limit, judgement motor is not tired and allow motor to carry out work.

Preferably, the temperature collecting when described stator temperature transducer is during lower than corresponding working temperature higher limit, calculating reaches the motor continuous working period of corresponding working temperature higher limit, and using this as allowing motor to continue the maximum duration of continuous firing, make thus user understand and grasp the actual conditions of motor, the follow-up operating time of motor is accomplished to know what's what.The calculating of described maximum duration, can periodically or under certain condition calculate according to the program of setting, and also can carry out corresponding temperature acquisition and calculating according to the instruction of artificial input.

Ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor of the present invention can also be provided with for the current signal harvester of online acquisition current of electric and/or for the online voltage signal acquisition device that obtains electric moter voltage, described current signal harvester for for gather stator winding current input signal current sensor and/or for exporting the frequency converter of its current output signal, described voltage signal acquisition device for for gather stator winding voltage input signal voltage sensor and/or for exporting the frequency converter of its Voltage-output signal, when two kinds of signals all obtain by frequency converter, the frequency converter of output current signal and voltage signal can be same frequency converter, by current signal harvester, obtain current signal, the described current signal of take calculates and obtains payload data as load transducing signal or by described current signal, by described voltage signal acquisition device, obtain voltage signal, the transducing signal that the described voltage signal of take is rotary speed or calculate and obtain rotary speed data by described voltage signal.

Utilize respectively current signal and voltage signal to determine that the principle of motor load and the motor speed of service is as follows: to described permagnetic synchronous motor, to carry out =0 vector control, under the effect of controller, stator winding supply current (being stator current) only has pure torque current , and there is no exciting current .Motor operates under this pattern, between motor load and winding supply current and between the motor speed of service and winding supply power voltage (being stator voltage), has definite positive correlation.Therefore, directly get electric moter voltage information and current information, just be equivalent to know the motor speed of service and motor load, the various direct-detection motor speeds of service under compared to existing technology and the detection mode of motor load are more reliable, and implement more simple, quick.

Figure 18 has shown the current loading curve of a kind of high-torque low speed permanent magnet synchronous motor as crane gearless lifting mechanism under above-mentioned vector control state, under arbitrarily definite electric current all corresponding to definite load (lift heavy, therefore according to winding supply current, just can calculate the lift heavy of motor, also can directly gathered current signal be used as to the transducing signal that embodies lift heavy according to actual needs, in motor/overload crane is controlled, according to the current signal threshold value that is related to the overload of setting check lift heavy between lift heavy and electric current, when gathered current signal meets or exceeds given current signal threshold value, start overload protection action, stop machine operation, greatly facilitate thus the collection of lift heavy signal and the confirmation of motor overload, greatly simplified data processing amount, avoided the lift heavy data distortion and the lift heavy overload that in reality, because of weight sensor, cause to control inaccurate defect, also contribute to reduce and eliminate the potential safety hazard of bringing because of shielding weighing instrument.

Figure 19 has shown the voltage/speed curves of a kind of high-torque low speed permanent magnet synchronous motor as crane gearless lifting mechanism under above-mentioned vector control state, this curve is the simple curve of a rising, under arbitrarily definite voltage all corresponding to definite motor speed of service, therefore according to winding supply power voltage, can calculate the motor speed of service of motor, also can directly gathered voltage signal be sent into corresponding supervising device as the transducing signal that embodies the motor speed of service according to actual needs, monitor or control the running status of motor, but in the time of need to limiting motor maximum speed, can be according to the voltage signal threshold value that is related to setting check motor speed of service hypervelocity between the motor speed of service and voltage, when gathered voltage signal meets or exceeds given voltage signal threshold value, start overspeed protection action, online detection for the motor speed of service provides a kind of mode easily thus.

An application mode as motor of the present invention, this ultra-low speed big torsional moment external rotor electric machine can be used for to the lifting mechanism of crane, take and eliminate the huge gear box arranging as deceleration transmission under prior art, Figure 20 has provided the embodiment of the monkey under this application, this trolley comprises by a left side, right-hand member beam and two ends respectively with a described left side, the trolley frame that the balance beam that right-hand member beam connects forms, also comprise lifting motor and steel wire rope winding mechanism, a described left side, right-hand member beam is separately installed with corresponding adhesion wheel/adhesion wheel group and by motor car wheel/by motor car wheel group, the assembly of described adhesion wheel/adhesion wheel has wheel drive motors, described lifting motor adopts any one ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor disclosed by the invention, described lifting motor is by left, the rigid mount 46 at right two ends is arranged on a described left side, on right-hand member beam, between described rigid mount and the installation shaft of described motor, be provided with for preventing both anti-rotation structures in relative rotation, described installation shaft is generally the central shaft of motor, with between rigid mount, be fixedly connected with, the urceolus 3 of described motor is for lay winding wire ropes, form the reel of described steel wire rope winding mechanism, described steel wire rope winding mechanism also comprises the assembly pulley supporting with described steel wire rope, described assembly pulley is comprised of movable pulley and fixed pulley, the quantity of described fixed pulley and the quantity of described movable pulley are respectively one or more, described fixed pulley is arranged on described balance beam.Because the external rotor of lifting motor is directly as reel, saved the gear box under prior art, not only avoid thus the various defects of bringing because of gear box, but also can make full use of the external rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine various superior functions that particularly low speed (containing Ultra-Low Speed) high pulling torque external rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine has.

Preferably, the external rotor two ends of described lifting motor are equipped with fixed disk 4, wherein the described fixed disk of one end is connected with rotary encoder, can gather by rotary encoder positional information and the movable information of external rotor thus, the described fixed disk of the other end is furnished with the brake tongs device of formation disk brake supporting with it, this fixed disk forms the brake disc of described disk brake and the disk body (can be also the braking ring flange being fixedly connected with the fixed disk of respective end) that radially extends in outside the housing of described external rotor by it coordinates with the brake pad of described brake tongs device, can control the work of lifting motor thus, by disk brake carry out lifting motor braking and/or braking after position keep.

Conventionally, described disk brake can be electromagnetic disc type brake, to facilitate control.

Conventionally, described rigid mount adopt rigid mount that polygon coordinates or other any one can prevent the skid rigid mount of rotation of installation shaft in axle installing hole, it is polygonal axle installing hole that the rigid mount that described polygon coordinates is provided with cross section, and described lifting motor adopts corresponding polygonized structure and pegs graft and be fixed in the axle installing hole of the rigid mount that described polygon coordinates in the installation shaft of respective end; Also can adopt the circular rigid mount coordinating, it is circular axle installing hole that this rigid mount is provided with cross section, described lifting motor adopts cylindrical structural and is plugged in the axle installing hole of the described circular rigid mount coordinating, by key connection structure, splined structure being set or squeezing into steady pin or improve the crystallized ability of rigid mount to installation shaft by modes such as fastening bolts in the installation shaft of respective end.

Preferably, when described rigid mount adopts the rigid mount of polygon cooperation, the cross section of described axle installing hole is positive triangle, square or regular hexagon, two parts or described seat body that a seat body of described rigid mount is divided into relative docking are to be provided with the side-wall shaft of axle installing hole to prop up seat body to the integral type in the gap of cutting open, described two-part the seat body that is divided into mutual docking passes through bolted together, described being provided with propped up seat body by the side-wall shaft of axle installing hole to the integral type in the gap of cutting open and passed through bolt-locking in the both sides in described gap.

When described rigid mount adopts the circular rigid mount coordinating, preferably, the fixed form of described columniform fixed axis on the axle installing hole of the described circular rigid mount coordinating is following any one or multiple combination: (1) by radial distribution the some pins on described axle installing hole sidewall fix (referring to Figure 14); (2) by the some trip bolts that are distributed on described axle installing hole sidewall, fix; (3) by the some projections that are distributed on described axle installing hole inwall, be fixed; (4) by fixing with described axle installing hole interference fit; Or (5) sidewall of described axle installing hole is provided with at least one butt seam, the two ends of described butt seam are provided with two ends to fastening together trip bolt or fastening bolt, thus the columniform fixed axis that is positioned at described axle installing hole are fixedly clamped.Realize thus lifting motor effectively and reliably supporting on trolley frame.Can according to actual needs the needs of internal rotor rotary encoder be for example installed, in one end of lifting motor, the rotating shaft being connected with lifting motor external rotor be set, and by corresponding bearing, this rotating shaft be arranged on the rigid mount of corresponding side.

Preferably, described one or more fixed pulley is arranged in fixed pulley support, described fixed pulley support is fixedly mounted on described balance beam, realize thus the installation of described fixed pulley on described balance beam, in described fixed pulley support, be provided with fixed pulley axle, the mounting means of described fixed pulley in described fixed pulley support is for to be arranged in described fixed pulley axle by bearing or axle sleeve, described one or more movable pulley is arranged in moving pulley bracket, in described moving pulley bracket, be provided with movable pulley axle, described movable pulley is arranged in described movable pulley axle by bearing or axle sleeve, suspension hook 48 is installed on described moving pulley bracket.Contribute to thus to guarantee the normal operation of assembly pulley.

Preferably, described a plurality of fixed pulley and described a plurality of movable pulley all adopt double row type to distribute, be beneficial to rational deployment and turn round smooth and easy, described in one side, the upper outer of end carriage can be set up and is useful on the dolly conduction rack of introducing power supply, on described trolley frame, can be provided with two respectively to described lifting motor and the wheel drive motors electric distribution box of providing and delivering, described distribution box hangs over a side of described end carriage or is erected on described trolley frame, on described trolley frame, can be provided with inspection platform, the side of described inspection platform should be provided with railing, the two ends of described end carriage all should be provided with sweeps rail plate and buffer, the side of described end carriage should be provided with safety ruler.

Alleged watt of shape hexahedron of the present invention refers to that its main part is the cylinder being similar to watt, comprise two surface, two circumferential surface and two axial surfaces radially, the side that wherein two surfaces radially and two circumferential surperficial spaces are connected to form cylinder between two, two axial surfaces form the top and bottom of this cylinder, are almost fan.Arbitrary seamed edge of cylinder can be both the seamed edge that Plane intersects, surface intersection, plane and surface intersection form, and can be also the curved surface that seamlessly transits or the structure of other any suitable.

The tapered plane shape that on the alleged permanent magnet of the present invention, certain surface is inner side top rake shape refers to the state of its interior side direction permanent magnet inner radial surface intermediate, inclined radially.

The top rake angle of two peripheral side of the permanent magnet that the present invention is alleged refers to that take the outward flange two-end-point of permanent magnet cross section and the line of center shaft axis is measuring standard, the angle of the circumferential side of permanent magnet cross section and the above-mentioned line of corresponding side.

The alleged concave arc line of the present invention refers to the entity with respect to its place, and its bending direction makes the volume of described entity or the circular arc line that area diminishes.

While the present invention relates to central shaft and the urceolus part identical with central shaft bearing of trend with bearing of trends such as stators, unless otherwise indicated, alleged two ends or two ends, left and right refer to along the two ends of center shaft axis direction, wherein " left side " and " right side " limits the facility being only used in statement, explain respectively along any one end of center shaft axis direction and the other end corresponding thereto, avoid mutually obscuring because explaining the unclear two ends that cause, do not form the restriction of left and right directions when reality is used.

The alleged bearing of the present invention is connected to the rotatable flexible connection realizing by bearing.

The alleged structure of the present invention comprises the structure that formed by a part and by a plurality of the structures that form, the structure being provided with between alleged two parts refers to the structure that two mutual annexations of part or type of action are exerted an influence, comprise these two parts or arbitrary this structure itself forming wherein, also comprise and increase this structure forming after other parts.

The alleged Cylinder Surface of the present invention is for forming the part curved surface of cylindrical side, and the axis of alleged Cylinder Surface is the axle of this Cylinder Surface Correspondent cy linder.

The present invention is alleged to any point on circumference, is the tangential direction of this point circumferentially for along the circumferential direction, and described is radially along diameter of a circle direction, alleged axial centered by axle axis or be parallel to the extension mode of center shaft axis.Unless otherwise indicated, when relating to permanent magnet or relating to urceolus and when stator and each several part thereof, alleged axially with the circumference radially relating to in the plane vertical with middle bobbin axis and the circumference of the center of circle in center shaft axis.

Alleged outer and inner of the present invention is relative concept, in the radial direction, near the direction of center shaft axis, be in, otherwise outside being; In the axial direction, outside the direction of extending to the two ends of central shaft is, otherwise in being, for example, stator core is positioned at the inner side of fixed disk.

The cross section that the alleged annulus of the present invention refers to this gap ringwise.

The alleged exhausting blower fan of the present invention refers to the gas conveying machinery for extracting air, can select suitable pattern according to factors such as temperature, air quantity and resistances.

The alleged polygonal hole of the present invention or cydariform hole refer to that its cross section is the hole of polygon or cydariform, equally, polygon post (or other stereochemical structures) swelled column (or other stereochemical structures) refers to that the outline of its cross section is the post (or other stereochemical structures) of polygon or cydariform, alleged cydariform is for by two Line Segment and two figures that camber line surrounds connecting respectively the homonymy end points of these two straightway both sides, article two, camber line is the cambered outwards camber line in middle part with respect to this this figure, this figure is symmetrical with respect to the mid point line mirror image of two straightways, symmetrical with respect to the line of centres of two camber lines also mirror image.

The alleged steel wire rope of the present invention comprises the flexible cable being twisted into by many or multiply finer wire, also comprises the same purposes rope of making for other any suitable material.

The present invention is alleged trapezoidally comprises that the alleged trapezoidal and contour approximation of geometry is in the alleged trapezoidal shape of geometry, by four edges, formed, its upper base and go to the bottom edge line can be curved, each line junction can be horn shape, also can be level and smooth easement curve shape, equally, described rectangle comprises that the alleged trapezoidal and contour approximation of geometry is in the shape of the alleged rectangle of geometry.

The alleged motor of the present invention is motor.

Except the present invention clearly records or can show that according to common practise the present invention depends on the situation of any one restriction of another technological means arbitrarily any one restriction of any one technological means, the present invention to any one restriction of any one technological means can with any one of any another technological means limited to combination in any, equally, except the present invention clearly records or can show that according to common practise the present invention depends on the situation of any another restriction of this technological means any one restriction of any one technological means, the present invention can limit combination in any with any another to this technological means to any one restriction of any one technological means.

Claims (10)

1. a ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor, comprise external rotor and stator, described stator comprises central shaft, be fixedly mounted on the stator core on described central shaft and be fixedly mounted on the stator winding in described stator core, it is characterized in that described stator is provided with for gathering the stator temperature transducer of temperature signal in stator, described external rotor comprises urceolus, the inner side of described urceolus is installed with some permanent magnets, the two ends of described urceolus are all installed with fixed disk and are connected with described central shaft bearing by fixed disk, described some permanent magnets adopt identical watt shape hexahedron structure and regularly arranged along circumferential and axial both direction, arbitrary described permanent magnet quantity circumferential and arbitrary axial upper arrangement is a plurality of, two peripheral side of described permanent magnet are the tapered plane shape of inner side top rake shape, its top rake angle is 5-35 degree, the right-hand member of described central shaft extends out in connected respective end bearing, be fixedly mounted on right rigid mount, described right rigid mount is provided with axle installing hole, the right part of described central shaft insert described right rigid mount axle installing hole and and described right rigid mount between be provided with for preventing both anti-rotation structures in relative rotation.

2. ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described stator core is provided with the stator slot for winding described in setting-in, described stator slot is peariform slot, k is between 2.5-4.5mm for notch size, the pitch of described winding is 1, every circle coil winding is on a stator tooth, and adopt the utmost point groove fit system of 8 utmost point 9 grooves, 10 utmost point 12 grooves, 20 utmost point 24 grooves, 30 utmost point 36 grooves, 22 utmost point 24 grooves, 16 utmost point 18 grooves or 32 utmost point 36 grooves, described permanent magnet adopts NdFeB material, length is 30-95mm, thickness is 8-18mm, and pole embrace is 0.8-0.9.

3. ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described some permanent magnets week the regular distribution mode upwards and axially in week upwards along circumferential alignment and be uniformly distributed, in the axial direction along aligned and be uniformly distributed, it is linear that described permanent magnet cross section outward flange is diametrically the circular arc that the center of circle is positioned in described center shaft axis, and described permanent magnet cross section inward flange diametrically adopts following any one version:

(1) described inward flange is single circular arc, and the center of circle is positioned in described center shaft axis;

(2) described inward flange is single circular arc, and the center of circle is positioned on described permanent magnet cross section outward flange mid point and the determined straight line of described center shaft axis, and its radius equals described outer peripheral radius;

(3) described inward flange is single circular arc, and the center of circle is positioned in described center shaft axis, and the circumferential side of permanent magnet cross section inward flange diametrically and permanent magnet cross section is connected by a little concave arc line;

(4) described inward flange is single circular arc, the center of circle is positioned on described permanent magnet cross section outward flange mid point and the determined straight line of described center shaft axis, and its radius equals described outer peripheral radius, the circumferential side of permanent magnet cross section inward flange diametrically and permanent magnet cross section is connected by a little concave arc line.

4. the ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that being provided with following any one or multiple interior cooling structure:

(1) described central shaft is quill shaft, and the axis hole of described central shaft is configured for heat dissipation wind channel in interior cooling axle;

(2) between the lateral surface of described stator core and the medial surface of described external rotor, be provided with the annulus that forms the outer heat dissipation wind channel of stator;

(3) in described stator core, be provided with the axially extending bore that forms heat dissipation wind channel in stator, the axially extending bore in described stator core is formed by connecting by forming the corresponding heat dissipation wind channel hole of going out on the stator punching of described stator core,

The draft type of above-mentioned each heat dissipation wind channel is natural draft and/or forced ventilation.

5. ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that adopting following any one forced ventilation structure:

(1) when described central shaft is quill shaft, the axis hole of described central shaft outlet air end is uncovered, in the axis hole of described central shaft outlet air end, be provided with exhausting blower fan in axle, in being also provided with outside stator heat dissipation wind channel and/or stator during heat dissipation wind channel, the two ends of described stator core respectively and between the described fixed disk of respective end, leave the gap that forms the even gap band of calming the anger in end, in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of described stator and/or stator, the two ends of heat dissipation wind channel are communicated with the even gap band of calming the anger in described end of respective end respectively, the sidewall of described central shaft outlet air end is provided with the central shaft side opening that is communicated with the axis hole of described central shaft and the even gap band of calming the anger in the described end of respective end, in described axle, exhausting blower fan is positioned at the outside of this central shaft side opening,

(2) outside being provided with stator in heat dissipation wind channel and/or stator during heat dissipation wind channel, the two ends of described stator core respectively and between the described fixed disk of respective end, leave the gap that forms the even gap band of calming the anger in end, in the outer heat dissipation wind channel of described stator and/or stator, the two ends of heat dissipation wind channel are communicated with the even gap band of calming the anger in described end of respective end respectively, the fixed disk of described air intake is provided with wind inlet channel, the quantity of described wind inlet channel is one or more, in described wind inlet channel, be serially connected with air intake air pump, be positioned on the described wind inlet channel at described air intake air pump two ends and be equipped with air intake unidirectional valve, described air intake air pump comprises cylinder body, described cylinder body is axially disposed within on corresponding described fixed disk, in described cylinder body, be provided with the piston supporting with it, described piston is connected with the piston rod that extends to described fixed disk inner side, cavity in described cylinder body is divided into rod chamber and rodless cavity by described piston, described rod chamber is positioned at the inner side of described rodless cavity, described central shaft is provided with and is positioned at the even gap band and form the multistage cam of cam mechanism with described piston rod of calming the anger in the described end of respective end, described multistage cam promotes described piston rod while rotating and moves back and forth, the air inlet of described air intake air pump and gas outlet are all arranged on the bottom of described rodless cavity, when being also provided with in axle heat dissipation wind channel, the sidewall of described central shaft air intake is provided with the central shaft side opening that is communicated with the axis hole of described central shaft and the even gap band of calming the anger in the described end of respective end.

6. the ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that the left end of described urceolus is connected with encoder, the connected mode between the left end of described urceolus and described encoder be following any one:

(1) described encoder is external rotor coder, comprise the inner sleeve and the overcoat that are mutually rotatably connected, the left end of described central shaft extends out in connected respective end bearing, be fixedly mounted on left rigid mount, described left rigid mount is provided with axle installing hole, the left end of described central shaft insert in the axle installing hole of described left rigid mount and and described left rigid mount between be provided with for preventing both anti-rotation structures in relative rotation, described inner sleeve is fixedly connected with the left end of described central shaft, described overcoat is fixedly connected with the described fixed disk of left end, described central shaft, urceolus, inner sleeve and overcoat are coaxial,

(2) described encoder is internal rotor encoder, comprise the inner sleeve and the overcoat that are mutually rotatably connected, described encoder is furnished with multidiameter and bearing spider for connection, described connection is arranged on described bearing spider by outer bearing with multidiameter, described connection is provided with radial flange with the right-hand member of multidiameter, described radial flange is coaxially fastened on the described fixed disk of left end, the inner sleeve of described encoder fixedly sleeved in described connection with the left part of multidiameter or by coaxially connecting shaft coupling and described connection with the left end of multidiameter, the overcoat of coded device is fixedly connected with described bearing spider by connector, described outer bearing adopts double-row self-aligning bearing.

7. ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that described rigid mount adopt following any one:

(1) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is polygonal hole, the central shaft shaft part of connected respective end is identical polygon, described axle installing hole and described central shaft shaft part interference fit or the interference fits inserted wherein, corresponding polygonized structure has formed described anti-rotation structure, described axle installing hole is set directly in the main body of described rigid mount or is arranged in adjusting sleeve, in the time of on being arranged on described adjusting sleeve, the outer rim of described adjusting sleeve is cylindrical, described axle installing hole is arranged on the central authorities of described adjusting sleeve, the main body of described rigid mount is provided with the adjusting sleeve installing hole corresponding with described adjusting sleeve outer rim, described adjusting sleeve is plugged on described adjusting sleeve installing hole, with described adjusting sleeve installing hole interference fits or interference fit, and be provided with or be not provided with fastening bolt,

(2) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is cylindrical hole, the described central shaft shaft part of respective end is cylindric, described rigid mount is provided with some pin via holes that penetrate described axle installing hole sidewall, the corresponding shaft part of described central shaft is provided with some pin blind holes of docking with described some pin via holes respectively, some pins or bearing pin are wedged respectively pin via hole and the pin blind hole of described mutual docking, and described pin or bearing pin and supporting structure thereof have formed described anti-rotation structure;

(3) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is cylindrical hole, the described central shaft shaft part of respective end is cylindric, described axle installing hole and insert between the described central shaft shaft part in described axle installing hole and be provided with a plurality of keys, described key and supporting structure thereof have formed described anti-rotation structure, described axle installing hole is set directly in the main body of described rigid mount or is arranged in adjusting sleeve, in the time of on being arranged on described adjusting sleeve, the outer rim of described adjusting sleeve is cylindrical, described axle installing hole is arranged on the central authorities of described adjusting sleeve, the main body of described rigid mount is provided with the adjusting sleeve installing hole corresponding with described adjusting sleeve outer rim, described adjusting sleeve is plugged on described adjusting sleeve installing hole, with described adjusting sleeve installing hole interference fits or interference fit, and be provided with or be not provided with fastening bolt,

(4) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is cydariform hole, the described central shaft shaft part of connected respective end is identical cydariform, described axle installing hole and described central shaft shaft part interference fit or the interference fits inserted wherein, corresponding drum organization has formed described anti-rotation structure, described axle installing hole is set directly in the main body of described rigid mount or is arranged in adjusting sleeve, in the time of on being arranged on described adjusting sleeve, the outer rim of described adjusting sleeve is cylindrical, described axle installing hole is arranged on the central authorities of described adjusting sleeve, the main body of described rigid mount is provided with the adjusting sleeve installing hole corresponding with described adjusting sleeve outer rim, described adjusting sleeve is plugged on described adjusting sleeve installing hole, with described adjusting sleeve installing hole interference fits or interference fit, and be provided with or be not provided with fastening bolt,

(5) the axle installing hole on described rigid mount is splined hole, and the described central shaft shaft part of connected respective end is splined shaft, and the two above-mentioned spline structure adopting has formed described anti-rotation structure.

8. as claim 1, ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor described in 2 or 3, it is characterized in that gathering the real time temperature in stator by described stator temperature transducer, according to the real time temperature in the described stator collecting, judge the fatigue state of motor, set the working temperature higher limit corresponding with the temperature acquisition position of described stator temperature transducer, when the temperature collecting when corresponding stator temperature transducer meets or exceeds corresponding working temperature higher limit, be judged as the tired also judgement control shutdown according to this of motor, when collected temperature is during lower than corresponding working temperature higher limit, be judged as motor tired and allow motor to carry out work.

9. ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that being provided with for the current signal harvester of online acquisition current of electric and/or for the online voltage signal acquisition device that obtains electric moter voltage, described current signal harvester for for gather stator winding current input signal current sensor and/or for exporting the frequency converter of its current output signal, described voltage signal acquisition device for for gather stator winding voltage input signal voltage sensor and/or for exporting the frequency converter of its Voltage-output signal, by current signal harvester, obtain current signal, the described current signal of take calculates and obtains payload data as load transducing signal or by described current signal, by described voltage signal acquisition device, obtain voltage signal, the transducing signal that the described voltage signal of take is rotary speed or calculate and obtain rotary speed data by described voltage signal.

10. a crane, it is characterized in that comprising the ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor as described in any one claim in claim 1-9, the urceolus of described ultra-low speed big torsional moment motor is as the reel of the lifting mechanism of described crane, for connecting and the steel wire rope of the described lifting mechanism of reeling.