CN104153380A - Anti-seepage cofferdam structure and construction process - Google Patents
Anti-seepage cofferdam structure and construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104153380A CN104153380A CN201410408540.3A CN201410408540A CN104153380A CN 104153380 A CN104153380 A CN 104153380A CN 201410408540 A CN201410408540 A CN 201410408540A CN 104153380 A CN104153380 A CN 104153380A
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Abstract
The invention relates to anti-seepage cofferdam structure and a construction process. The cofferdam structure comprises a vertical anti-seepage body arranged in the middle of the end face of a cofferdam, wherein the bottom of the anti-seepage body extends to be embedded into a river bed covering layer, a main body of the anti-seepage body is formed by filling a multi-layer gel and sand gravel mixture, a vertical anti-seepage insulating layer is arranged on one side of the anti-seepage body and is a layer of geomembrane clamped between two geotextiles, a trapezoid cofferdam body is arranged on the other side of the anti-seepage insulating layer, and a lead wire gabion is arranged on the other side of the anti-seepage body. The construction process comprises using a backhoe excavator to remove large stones in a basic region after a temporary cofferdam is built; then using the backhoe excavator to dig a groove with 1.2m width and 3m depth along the cofferdam axis, and back filling the multi-layer gel and sand gravel mixture in layers to construct the anti-seepage cofferdam structure. The anti-seepage cofferdam structure is simple in structural style, the construction method is easy, and the anti-seepage effect is good. A construction period is shortened, fund is saved, and a simple and effective method is provided technically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize cement sand and gravel compound, geotextile, geomembrane to carry out the structure of seepage prevention of cofferdam and the construction technology of antiseepage on dark covering layer riverbed.
Background technology
In the prior art, stone cofferdam is to fill with local material the cofferdam forming, gather materials on the spot and make full use of excavation rejected material and make cofferdam filler, and simple structure, easy construction, is easy to remove, and construction costs is low, and this cofferdam form is widely adopted.But all there is the problem that transmission coefficient is large in the filling material of main body earth rock cofferdam substantially.The research of therefore, antiseepage problem also just becomes earth rock cofferdam development key problem.Make a general survey of earth rock cofferdam development, history Italy at the beginning of the fifties in last century and France start on gravel foundation, to build hydraulic anti-seepage wall with slurry strengthened wall boring method.Italy has built docking type impervious wall under Ba Shesi diversion cofferdam in nineteen fifty-one～nineteen fifty-two, in 1954～nineteen fifty-five, in AVE MAROA one Austria one, draw brother dam, by containing the dark sandy gravel stratum of large boulder, adopt and built linked concrete cut according to Coase one one dimension Dai Erfa Churn drill pore-creating slurry strengthened wall.
Seepage control for rock-earth cofferdam has the development of advancing by leaps and bounds in recent years, and especially the application of grouting technique and high spray technique not only makes the seepage control project of earth rock cofferdam save the duration, has reduced especially cost.But seepage prevention of cofferdam belongs to a concealed work, the quality of antiseepage quality can only finish to evaluate by the height of water percolating capacity at seepage control project, once and quality go wrong extremely difficult, the delay of duration, loss is economically all that the construction of successive projects causes unthinkable consequence.Therefore just need to adopt a set of scientific and reasonable seepage control for rock-earth cofferdam structure, anti-seepage processing method and fill the quality control theory in process.
Because most earth rock cofferdams need to be constructed under water, material can not Effective Compaction, and particularly throwing Impervious Materials more can not guarantee the quality of the antiseepage in cofferdam under water.And earth rock cofferdam is in order to meet antiseepage requirement, can not make again seepage prevention of cofferdam section too small, and the common cofferdam construction duration is very urgent, and cost also should not be too high.In current domestic and international earth rock cofferdam construction, the normal anti-seepage processing method adopting all exists this above-mentioned variety of problems.Therefore, under the section that can meet easy construction requires, reduce as much as possible cross dimensions and can meet well antiseepage requirement again, become earth rock cofferdam and fill the developing direction with anti-seepage processing method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, the problem existing for prior art, provides a kind of construction costs simple in structure lower, and the duration can significantly shorten, antiseepage cofferdam structure and construction technology that antiseepage quality can significantly improve.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of antiseepage cofferdam structure is provided, it is characterized in that, the structure in cofferdam comprises and is arranged on the vertical antiseepage body in cofferdam end face middle part, Riverbed is imbedded in the bottom extension of antiseepage body, the main body of antiseepage body is filled and is formed by multilayer cement sand and gravel compound, a side at antiseepage body is provided with vertical antiseepage insulating course, antiseepage insulating course is between two-layer geotextile, to accompany one deck geomembrane, the opposite side of antiseepage insulating course is trapezoidal cofferdam body, at the opposite side of antiseepage body, is provided with galvanized wire stone dragon.
Wherein preferred technical scheme is, the cross section of described vertical antiseepage body is rectangle, and rectangular width is 3 meters, and it is 1.2 meters that the Riverbed degree of depth is imbedded in vertical antiseepage body extension.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and the gradient that described cofferdam is provided with galvanized wire stone dragon one side is 1:0.3, and the gradient of described cofferdam opposite side is 1:1, and the cross section in described cofferdam is trapezoidal, and this trapezoidal upper base length is 6 meters, and the length of going to the bottom is 17.7 meters, and height is 6 meters; The thickness of described galvanized wire stone dragon is 1 meter.
Preferred technical scheme also has, the water permeability geosynthetics that described geotextile is formed by acupuncture or braiding by synthetic fibers, and its finished product is cloth shape, and width is 4-6 rice, and described synthetic fibers are terylene, polypropylene fibre, acrylic fibers, polyamide fibre family macromolecule polymer; Described geomembrane is that plastic sheeting is as antiseepage base material and non-woven fabric compounded forming.
Preferred technical scheme also has, and the thickness that described multilayer cement sand and gravel compound is every layer is less than 50 centimetres.
For achieving the above object, another technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of antiseepage cofferdam construction technology is provided, it is characterized in that, described construction technology comprises following processing step:
Step 1: first build Temporary Cofferdam;
Step 2: with backacter, the ratchel in base area is removed, utilized vibrations to grind basis compaction simultaneously;
Step 3: before construction is built in cofferdam, must lay in sufficient galvanized wire gabion, boulder, cement, geotextiles and geomembrane, and selected good sand gravel mining area and the cement sand and gravel compound of grating mixed place in advance;
Step 4: excavate the groove of dark 3 meters of wide 1.2m with backacter along cofferdam axis, then back-filling in layers cement sand and gravel compound builds antiseepage cofferdam structure, described antiseepage cofferdam structure, in back-filling in layers cement sand and gravel compound, lay vertical geotextile and geomembrane, the backfill of every layer of cement sand and gravel compound is highly no more than 50cm, and layered rolling;
Step 5: when cement sand and gravel compound is backfilling into riverbed original height, one deck galvanized wire gabion of should first constructing, carry out again the placement in layers of cofferdam and antiseepage body, both cofferdam body filled with galvanized wire gabion and hocketed, while is at the opposite side Cast-in-situ Piles in Sand-filling gravel in cofferdam, until landfill is to the setting height in cofferdam.
Wherein preferred technical scheme is, described galvanized wire gabion construction sequence is, before fill in cofferdam, make in advance protection against erosion galvanized wire gabion, select piece stone or cobble, particle diameter is not less than 15cm, during making, by backacter, is put, require that piece stone faces down greatly, gabion is completely filled out, without compared with macroscopic-void, between cage and cage, adopt No. 8 galvanized wire colligations firm.
Further preferred technical scheme is, the mix layered step of filling of described cement sand and gravel soil requires at construction at dry land, sets up interim little cofferdam during construction, with galvanized wire gabion put and placement in layers, lift height is controlled by 50cm, and surging is not less than 95%; It is even that cement sand and gravel soil compound shifts to an earlier date mix by backacter at the construction field (site), by dump truck, is transported to cofferdam, paved smooth, then ground and carried out grinding compacting by vibrations by bulldozer or land leveller.
Further preferred technical scheme is, described cement sand and gravel is mix layered fill step be also included in before construction prerequisite at the construction field (site) near smooth one 30m * 30m place, and grinding compacting, for latex concrete job mix; Cement sand and gravel compound is that sandstone aggregate is selected directly the sand gravel from river mining, and rejects with screen cloth the oversize stone that particle diameter surpasses 150mm, and cementitious material is selected JP cement No. 53, and volume is by 60～80kg, during mix, by backacter mix 6～8 times; By dump truck, be transported to cofferdam work plane, by bulldozer or land leveller, paved, the empty paving of slicce thickness 45cm, the about 40cm of compacted depth, adopts vibrations to grind and carries out grinding compacting, rolls initial option 2+6 time, and both static pressure 2 times, vibrations rolled 6 times.
Further preferred technical scheme is that the laying step of described geotextile and geomembrane is that the model of geotextile is selected 225g/m
2, elongation at break is greater than 60%, and geomembrane is selected HDPE geomembrane, and hot strength is greater than 17Mpa, and elongation at break is greater than 400%; Lap length is not less than 50cm, and the backfill that closes on geomembrane place is even, good cobble, should choose the broken cobble that forms wedge angle or corner angle simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt antiseepage cofferdam structure of the present invention and construction technology, because construction method is convenient, form of structure is simple, there is no too much red tape.Therefore not only can reach the object of saving the duration, economizing on the use of funds, also meet to a great extent the demand of antiseepage.The filling material of general earth rock cofferdam, for gathering materials on the spot, generally adopts the method for concrete cut, earth core, seepage preventing curtain grouting, brill spray stake etc. on seepage control measure both at home and abroad at present.Concrete cut, seepage preventing curtain grouting, brill spray stake, because working procedure is comparatively complicated, are restricting the progress of duration, and are existing the problem that cost is higher.Earth core earth rock cofferdam is due to the region in the impervious material such as clay source and be not suitable for filling of all earth rock cofferdams.And adopt cement sand and gravel mixed material of the present invention in conjunction with geotextile and geomembrane the way as antiseepage body, not only form of structure is simple, construction method is easy, anti-seepage effect is better.More the reduction of erection time, economize on the use of funds and provide simple effective method from technological layer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of antiseepage cofferdam structure of the present invention.
Shown in figure: 1-antiseepage body, 2-galvanized wire stone dragon, the trapezoidal cofferdam of 3-body, 4-Riverbed, 5-cement sand and gravel compound, 6-geotextile, 7-geomembrane, 8-geotextile.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of antiseepage cofferdam structure, described cofferdam structure comprises and is arranged on the vertical antiseepage body 1 in cofferdam end face middle part, Riverbed 4 is imbedded in the bottom extension of antiseepage body 1, the main body of antiseepage body 1 is filled and is formed by the cement sand and gravel compound 5 of multilayer, a side at antiseepage body 1 is provided with vertical antiseepage insulating course, antiseepage insulating course is to accompany one deck geomembrane 7 between two-layer geotextile 6,8, the opposite side of antiseepage insulating course is trapezoidal cofferdam body 3, at the opposite side of antiseepage body 1, is provided with galvanized wire stone dragon 2.
Preferred embodiment is in the present invention, and the cross section of described vertical antiseepage body 1 is rectangle, and rectangular width is 3 meters, and it is 1.2 meters that Riverbed 4 degree of depth are imbedded in vertical antiseepage body 1 extension.
Preferred embodiment also has in the present invention, and the gradient that described cofferdam is provided with galvanized wire stone dragon 2 one sides is 1:0.3, and the gradient of described cofferdam opposite side is 1:1, and the cross section in described cofferdam is trapezoidal, and this trapezoidal upper base length is 6 meters, and the length of going to the bottom is 17.7 meters, and height is 6 meters; The thickness of described galvanized wire stone dragon 2 is 1 meter.
Preferred embodiment also has in the present invention, the water permeability geosynthetics that described geotextile 6,8 is formed by acupuncture or braiding by synthetic fibers, its finished product is cloth shape, and width is 4-6 rice, and described synthetic fibers are terylene, polypropylene fibre, acrylic fibers, polyamide fibre family macromolecule polymer; Described geomembrane plastic sheeting, as antiseepage base material, forms with non-woven fabric compounded.
Preferred technical scheme also has in the present invention, and the cement sand and gravel compound of described multilayer 5 thickness of every layer are less than 50 centimetres.
Another technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of antiseepage cofferdam construction technology is provided, and this construction technology comprises following processing step:
Step 1: first build Temporary Cofferdam;
Step 2: with backacter, the ratchel in base area is removed, utilized vibrations to grind basis compaction simultaneously;
Step 3: before construction is built in cofferdam, must lay in sufficient galvanized wire gabion, boulder, cement, geotextiles and geomembrane, and selected good sand gravel mining area and the cement sand and gravel compound of grating mixed place in advance;
Step 4: excavate the groove of dark 3 meters of wide 1.2m with backacter along cofferdam axis, then back-filling in layers cement sand and gravel compound builds the antiseepage cofferdam structure described in power 1, in back-filling in layers cement sand and gravel compound, lay vertical geotextile and geomembrane, the backfill of every layer of cement sand and gravel compound is highly no more than 50cm, and layered rolling;
Step 5: when cement sand and gravel compound is backfilling into riverbed original height, one deck galvanized wire gabion of should first constructing, carry out again the placement in layers of cofferdam and antiseepage body, both cofferdam body filled with galvanized wire gabion and hocketed, while is at the opposite side Cast-in-situ Piles in Sand-filling gravel in cofferdam, until landfill is to the setting height in cofferdam.
Preferred embodiment is in the present invention, described galvanized wire gabion 2 construction sequences are, before fill in cofferdam, make in advance protection against erosion galvanized wire gabion, select piece stone or cobble, particle diameter is not less than 15cm, during making, by backacter, is put, require that piece stone faces down greatly, gabion is completely filled out, without compared with macroscopic-void, between cage and cage, adopt No. 8 galvanized wire colligations firm.
Further preferred embodiment is in the present invention, described cement sand and gravel soil compound 5 placement in layers technological requirements, at construction at dry land, are set up interim little cofferdam during construction, with galvanized wire gabion put and placement in layers, lift height is controlled by 50cm, and surging is not less than 95%; Cement sand and gravel soil compound 5 shifts to an earlier date uniform mixing by backacter at the construction field (site), by dump truck, is transported to behind cofferdam, is paved smooth, then ground and carried out grinding compacting by vibrations by bulldozer or land leveller.
Further preferred embodiment is in the present invention, described cement sand and gravel is mix layered fill step be also included in before construction prerequisite at the construction field (site) near smooth one 30m * 30m place, and grinding compacting, mixes and stirs for latex concrete scene; Cement sand and gravel compound 5 is selected directly the sand gravel from river mining for sandstone aggregate, and rejects with screen cloth the oversize stone that particle diameter surpasses 150mm, and cementitious material is selected JP cement No. 53, and volume, by 60～80kg, while mixing and stirring, is mixed and stirred 6～8 times by backacter; By dump truck, be transported to cofferdam work plane, by bulldozer or land leveller, paved, the empty paving of slicce thickness 45cm, the about 40cm of compacted depth, adopts vibrations to grind and carries out grinding compacting, rolls initial option 2+6 time, and both static pressure 2 times, vibrations rolled 6 times.
Further preferred embodiment is in the present invention, and the laying step of described geotextile and geomembrane is that the model of geotextile is selected 225g/m
2, elongation at break is greater than 60%, and geomembrane is selected HDPE geomembrane, and hot strength is greater than 17Mpa, and elongation at break is greater than 400%; During construction, lap length is not less than 50cm, and guarantees to close on even, the good cobble of backfill at geomembrane place, should choose the broken cobble that forms wedge angle or corner angle simultaneously.
The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, those skilled in the art make to any apparent improvement of above-mentioned embodiment or change, can not exceed the protection domain of design of the present invention and claims.
Claims (10)
1. an antiseepage cofferdam structure, it is characterized in that, the structure in cofferdam comprises and is arranged on the vertical antiseepage body in cofferdam end face middle part, Riverbed is imbedded in the bottom extension of antiseepage body, the main body of antiseepage body is filled and is formed by the cement sand and gravel compound of multilayer, in a side of antiseepage body, is provided with vertical antiseepage insulating course, and antiseepage insulating course is between two-layer geotextile, to accompany one deck geomembrane, the opposite side of antiseepage insulating course is trapezoidal cofferdam body, at the opposite side of antiseepage body, is provided with galvanized wire stone dragon.
2. antiseepage cofferdam structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the cross section of described vertical antiseepage body is rectangle, and rectangular width is 3 meters, and it is 1.2 meters that the Riverbed degree of depth is imbedded in vertical antiseepage body extension.
3. antiseepage cofferdam structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the gradient that described cofferdam is provided with galvanized wire stone dragon one side is 1:0.3, the gradient of described cofferdam opposite side is 1:1, and the cross section in described cofferdam is trapezoidal, and this trapezoidal upper base length is 6 meters, the length of going to the bottom is 17.7 meters, and height is 6 meters; The thickness of described galvanized wire stone dragon is 1 meter.
4. antiseepage cofferdam structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the water permeability geosynthetics that described geotextile is formed by acupuncture or braiding by synthetic fibers, its finished product is cloth shape, width is 4-6 rice, and described synthetic fibers are terylene, polypropylene fibre, acrylic fibers, polyamide fibre family macromolecule polymer; Described geomembrane is that plastic sheeting is as antiseepage base material and non-woven fabric compounded forming.
5. antiseepage cofferdam structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness that the cement sand and gravel compound of described multilayer is every layer is less than 50 centimetres.
6. an antiseepage cofferdam construction technology, is characterized in that, described construction technology comprises following processing step:
Step 1: first build Temporary Cofferdam;
Step 2: with backacter, the ratchel in base area is removed, utilized vibrations to grind basis compaction simultaneously;
Step 3: before construction is built in cofferdam, must lay in sufficient galvanized wire gabion, boulder, cement, geotextiles and geomembrane, and selected good sand gravel mining area and the cement sand and gravel compound of grating mixed place in advance;
Step 4: excavate the groove of dark 3 meters of wide 1.2m with backacter along cofferdam axis, then back-filling in layers cement sand and gravel compound builds the antiseepage cofferdam structure described in power 1, in back-filling in layers cement sand and gravel compound, lay vertical geotextile and geomembrane, the backfill of every layer of cement sand and gravel compound is highly no more than 50cm, and layered rolling;
Step 5: when cement sand and gravel compound is backfilling into riverbed original height, one deck galvanized wire gabion of should first constructing, carry out again the placement in layers of cofferdam and antiseepage body, both cofferdam body filled with galvanized wire gabion and hocketed, while is at the opposite side Cast-in-situ Piles in Sand-filling gravel in cofferdam, until landfill is to the setting height in cofferdam.
7. antiseepage cofferdam construction technology as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described galvanized wire gabion construction sequence is, before fill in cofferdam, make in advance protection against erosion galvanized wire gabion, select piece stone or cobble, particle diameter is not less than 15cm, during making, by backacter, put, require piece stone to face down greatly, gabion is completely filled out, without compared with macroscopic-void, between cage and cage, adopt No. 8 galvanized wire colligations firm.
8. antiseepage cofferdam construction technology as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the mix layered step of filling of described cement sand and gravel soil requires at construction at dry land, during construction, set up interim little cofferdam, with galvanized wire gabion put and placement in layers, lift height is controlled by 50cm, and surging is not less than 95%; It is even that cement sand and gravel soil compound shifts to an earlier date mix by backacter at the construction field (site), by dump truck, is transported to cofferdam, paved smooth, then ground and carried out grinding compacting by vibrations by bulldozer or land leveller.
9. antiseepage cofferdam construction technology as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described cement sand and gravel is mix layered fill step be also included in before construction prerequisite at the construction field (site) near smooth one 30m * 30m place, and grinding compacting, for latex concrete job mix; Cement sand and gravel compound is that sandstone aggregate is selected directly the sand gravel from river mining, and rejects with screen cloth the oversize stone that particle diameter surpasses 150mm, and cementitious material is selected JP cement No. 53, and volume is by 60～80kg, during mix, by backacter mix 6～8 times; By dump truck, be transported to cofferdam work plane, by bulldozer or land leveller, paved, the empty paving of slicce thickness 45cm, the about 40cm of compacted depth, adopts vibrations to grind and carries out grinding compacting, rolls initial option 2+6 time, and both static pressure 2 times, vibrations rolled 6 times.
10. antiseepage cofferdam construction technology as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the laying step of described geotextile and geomembrane is that the model of geotextile is selected 225g/m
2, elongation at break is greater than 60%, and geomembrane is selected HDPE geomembrane, and hot strength is greater than 17Mpa, and elongation at break is greater than 400%; Lap length is not less than 50cm, and the backfill that closes on geomembrane place is even, good cobble, should choose the broken cobble that forms wedge angle or corner angle simultaneously.
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