CN104152800A - Low-magnetic-anisotropy non-oriented silicon steel plate and preparation technology thereof - Google Patents
Low-magnetic-anisotropy non-oriented silicon steel plate and preparation technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-magnetic-anisotropy non-oriented silicon steel plate and a preparation technology thereof. The steel plate comprises chemical components in percentage by mass as follows: 0.001-0.004% of C, 0.8-2.8% of Si, 0.1-0.5% of Mn, 0.2-0.6% of Al, smaller than or equal to 0.008% of P, smaller than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.05-0.5% of Mo, 0.2-0.5% of Cr, smaller than or equal to 0.003% of Ce and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. According to the non-oriented silicon steel plate, the content of the Si, the Al, the Mn, the C, the P and the S is controlled, and appropriate microelements, namely, the Mo, the Cr and the Ce, are added, so that the magnetic anisotropy constant K of non-oriented silicon steel during magnetization is reduced, the organization structure of the steel plate is improved, and the longitudinal and transverse iron loss and the magnetic induction anisotropy of the non-oriented silicon steel plate are reduced. The non-oriented silicon steel plate is simple in preparation technology, the longitudinal and transverse iron loss difference of the steel plate is smaller than 8%, the magnetic induction difference is smaller than 9%, and the magnetic anisotropy is low. The technology has an alloy system and is reasonable in design and simple; the longitudinal and transverse iron loss difference of the prepared non-oriented silicon steel plate is smaller than 8%, the magnetic induction difference is smaller than 9%, and the magnetic anisotropy is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ferrous materials manufacture field, especially a kind of low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
Motor is to work under running condition, and iron core is comprised of the stator and the rotor that build up with the circular punching of tooth, and requiring electrical sheet is magnetic isotropy.Stator and the rotor core of the direct-current machine of working under rotatingfield and the stator core of synchronous AC motor, asynchronous AC motor are all manufactured with non-oriented electrical steel.The crystallographic texture of desirable magnetically isotropy substance is { 100}<uvw> plane texture, and there is approximately 20% { 100} texture component in non orientating silicon steel, also contain { other the texture component such as 110}, substantially belong to without the chaotic texture of orientation, namely be similar to magnetic isotropy, the magneticanisotropy that reduces as far as possible orientation free silicon steel plate vertical and horizontal is one of effective measure that improve electrical efficiency.
In the iron of cubic structure, due to its cubic symmetry, magneticanisotropy energy EK is shown in formula (1):
In formula, α
1, α
2, α
3for the direction cosine of magnetization M s with respect to three [100] axles; K
0, K
1, K
2for magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant, they are relevant with material and temperature.
In body centred cubic crystal, during along the polarization of [100] axle, θ
1=0 °, θ
2=θ
3=90 °, α
1=1, α
2=α
3=0, can obtain like this
As can be seen here, the magnetic anisotropy constant K1 while reducing non orientating silicon steel magnetization, just can reduce its magneticanisotropy.And magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant is only relevant with material itself (element of composition material and microstructure texture) and temperature, by adding some beneficial element and obtaining favourable microstructure texture by suitable preparation technology, can effectively reduce magneticanisotropy.
In hot rolling technique, non-oriented electrical steel hot rolling total reduction is generally 85～93%, relies on rolling temperature and deformation rate control the solid solution of inclusion and separate out, grow up and alligatoring, obtains comparatively perfect recrystal grain.When cold rolling, require total reduction to be controlled at 86～92%, and guarantee that last percentage pass reduction, more than 20%, will be conducive to reduce magneticanisotropy.During recrystallization annealing, can be rapidly heated to annealing temperature, cooling at a slow speed after insulation, can obtain good magnetic property.In annealing process, to apply suitable tension force with steel, the horizontal and vertical magnetic property of band steel will be greatly improved.
In prior art, the electrical sheet of patent publication No. CN1274393A-excellent magnetic and manufacture method thereof, provide a kind of and obtained electrical sheet and the manufacture method thereof of laterally rolling magnetotropism excellence by controlling hot rolling Heating temperature, rolling temperature and percentage pass reduction.The method requires strictly hot rolling draft and Deformation velocity, to the accurate control of hot finisher and finish-rolling process, requires very high.Publication number CN101713047A-containing Cr non-oriented electrical steel and production method thereof, a kind of method that provides Cr of interpolation to solve contradiction between inherent magnetic property and punching technique, but not mentioned interpolation alloying element is to improving the effect of magneticanisotropy.Publication number CN103290190A-non orientating silicon steel and manufacture method thereof, by controlling oxygen and nitrogen content in grain fineness number and the amount of inclusions form and steel, prepare the non orientating silicon steel of anisotropy of iron loss below 10%, the anisotropy of the not mentioned magnetic induction density of the method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the simple low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate of a kind of preparation technology; The present invention also provides the preparation technology of the simple low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate of a kind of technique.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the mass percent of steel grade chemical composition of the present invention is: C0.001～0.004%, Si 0.8～2.8%, and Mn 0.1～0.5%, and Al 0.2～0.6%, P≤0.008%, S≤0.005%, Mo 0.05～0.5%, and Cr 0.2～0.5%, Ce≤0.003%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
Steel plate of the present invention in length and breadth to iron loss difference be less than 8%, magnetic strength difference is less than 9%.
Si in composition of the present invention, Al, Mo, Cr, Ce are all conducive to reduce silicon steel iron loss, reduce iron loss and the magnetic strength anisotropy of silicon steel sheet vertical and horizontal; The effect of each composition in steel is as described below:
C (carbon): be easy to grain boundaries segregation or form carbide, strongly hindering grain growth, causing iron loss to increase, and content surpasses 0.004% meeting generation magnetic aging; Therefore C content generally should be controlled at below 0.004%.
Si (silicon), Al (aluminium): the two all can dwindle austenite phase region, promote grain growth, and the resistivity that improves steel reduces eddy-current loss, and Si and Al can reduce the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of silicon steel and magnetostriction and reduce magnetic hysteresis loss.Therefore (Si+Al) content can be controlled in 1.0～3.4%.
Mn (manganese): the resistivity that improves silicon steel, reduce iron loss, can also improve non orientating silicon steel microstructure texture, promote the development of (100) and (110) texture component, effectively suppress the development of (111) texture, the magnetic strength that improves non-oriented electrical steel, Mn content is generally between 0.1～0.5%.
Cr (chromium): improve resistivity and reduce eddy-current loss, a small amount of Cr can improve magnetic transition temperature, is conducive to the raising of saturation magnetization; Promote recrystallized structure flourishing and perfect, reduce the stacking fault energy of steel, improve dislocation desity, { 111} is grain formation, promotes favorable texture component to increase in inhibition; Cr also contributes to reduce magnetic anisotropy constant K1 in addition, thereby reduces the anisotropy of non orientating silicon steel magnetic property; Therefore Cr content is generally 0.2～0.5%.
Mo (molybdenum): increase resistivity, can reduce eddy-current loss, favourable to reducing magneticanisotropy; But while surpassing 2.0%, magneticflux-density sharply reduces, therefore Mo content is advisable in 0.05～0.5% scope.
Ce (cerium): can pure molten steel, the sulfide in steel is carried out to denaturing treatment, the pinning to magnetic domain while reducing magnetization, improves the magnetic strength of non orientating silicon steel, reduces iron loss and magneticanisotropy; Ce adds too much, easily produces oxide inclusion, unfavorable to magnetic, general control Ce≤0.003%.
Technique of the present invention comprises steel-making and casting process, heating and hot-rolled process, cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation; The chemical composition mass percent of controlling steel-making in described steel-making and casting process is: C 0.001～0.004%, Si 0.8～2.8%, Mn 0.1～0.5%, and Al 0.2～0.6%, and Mo 0.05～0.5%, Cr 0.2～0.5%, P≤0.008%, S≤0.005%, Ce≤0.003%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity element, are then cast as slab; In described cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation, during annealing to apply the tension force of 2～4MPa with steel.
During optimal process recrystallization annealing of the present invention to apply the tension force of 3MPa with steel.
Preferably, technique heating of the present invention and hot-rolled process: by heating of plate blank to 1100～1180 ℃, insulation 60～150min; Adopt hot rolling mode to produce, 1000～1100 ℃ of hot fine rolling start rolling temperatures, finish rolling finishing temperature is 850～950 ℃, finish rolling total reduction is 85～93%, roll rear water-cooled to 680～760 ℃ after slow cooling to room temperature, obtain hot-rolled sheet;
Described cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation: will adopt once cold rolling method after above-mentioned hot-rolled sheet pickling, total reduction is controlled at 86～92%, and guarantee that last percentage pass reduction is 20～25%; Described recrystallization annealing process is: the speed with 25～35 ℃/s is warming up to 880～980 ℃, after insulation 80～200s, more cooling with the speed of 7～12 ℃/s; The protective atmosphere using during annealing is the gas mixture of 20～40vol%H2+80～60vol%N2.
Preferred, described heating and hot-rolled process: described heating of plate blank to 1120～1160 ℃, soaking time 70～120min, 1020～1080 ℃ of hot fine rolling start rolling temperatures, 860～930 ℃ of finish rolling finishing temperatures, finish rolling total reduction finish rolling total reduction is 88～92%, roll rear water-cooled to 690～740 ℃ after slow cooling to room temperature.
Preferred, described cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation: adopt once cold rolling method, cold rolling total reduction is controlled at 88～92%, and guarantees that last percentage pass reduction is 20～23%; Recrystallization annealing is warming up to 920～960 ℃ soon with the speed of 28～33 ℃/s, insulation 100～140s.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to produce is: the present invention is by controlling Si, Al, Mn, C, P, S content, add again suitable micro-Mo, Cr and Ce, magnetic anisotropy constant K1 while reducing non orientating silicon steel magnetization with this, improve steel plate microstructure texture, reduce the iron loss of orientation free silicon steel plate vertical and horizontal and the anisotropy of magnetic strength.It is simple that the present invention has preparation technology, steel plate in length and breadth to iron loss difference be less than 8%, magnetic strength difference is less than 9%, has low magneticanisotropy.
The inventive method is by controlling Si, Al, Mn, C, P, S content, add again suitable micro-Mo, Cr and Ce, when recrystallization annealing to be aided with suitable tension force with steel, reduce the horizontal and vertical iron loss of orientation free silicon steel plate, magnetic strength difference, prepare low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate.Technique of the present invention is without changing any production unit, and preparation technology, without Important Adjustment, does not especially need hot-rolled sheet to carry out normalizing processing, just can prepare low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate; Have that alloy system is reasonable in design, technique is simple, the orientation free silicon steel plate of preparation in length and breadth to iron loss difference be less than 8%, magnetic strength difference is less than 9%, has low magneticanisotropy.
Through revision test research, show, to siliceous, at more than 2.2% non orientating silicon steel, use composition and technique described in present method, steel plate is less than 8% to iron loss difference in length and breadth, and to siliceous, below 2.0%, effect is more obvious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the metallograph of organizing after the annealing of embodiment of the present invention recrystallize body;
Fig. 2 is the texture ODF figure after the annealing of embodiment of the present invention recrystallize body;
Fig. 3 organizes metallograph after comparative example recrystallization annealing in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the figure of the texture ODF after comparative example recrystallization annealing in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: this low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate adopts following concrete technology to be prepared from.
(1) steel grades: this orientation free silicon steel plate adopts the chemical composition shown in table 1 provides the chemical composition that adopts the comparative example of conventional ingredient simultaneously in table 1.
Table 1: embodiment 1 chemical composition (wt%)
| ? | C | Si | Mn | Al | S | P | Cr | Mo | Ce |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.0035 | 1.42 | 0.29 | 0.39 | 0.0042 | 0.0075 | 0.31 | 0.26 | 0.003 |
| Comparative example | 0.0038 | 1.38 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.0047 | 0.0069 | -- | -- | -- |
(2) preparation technology: the embodiment 1 in table 1 and the steel grade of comparative example all adopt following preparation process.
A, steel-making and casting process: the component by table 1 is smelted, and is cast as slab.
B, heating and hot-rolled process: 1150 ℃ of slab heating temperatures, soaking time 80min, 1050 ℃ of hot fine rolling start rolling temperatures, 887 ℃ of finish rolling finishing temperatures, finish rolling total reduction finish rolling total reduction is 91%, roll rear water-cooled to 692 ℃ after slow cooling to room temperature.
C, cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation: adopt once cold rolling method, cold rolling total reduction is controlled at 89.6%, and last percentage pass reduction is 22.8%.Recrystallization annealing is warming up to 920 ℃ soon with the speed of 30 ℃/s, after insulation 100s, more cooling with the speed of 10 ℃/s; The protective atmosphere using during annealing is 30%H2+N2 gas mixture, and to apply the tension force of 3MPa with steel; After annealing, can obtain this orientation free silicon steel plate.
(3) product performance: iron loss and magnetic strength that this orientation free silicon steel plate adopts epstein frame to measure the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: magnetic property result
As seen from Table 2, this technique can effectively reduce the magneticanisotropy of orientation free silicon steel plate, its in length and breadth to iron loss difference be less than 8%, magnetic strength difference is less than 9%, there is low magneticanisotropy, be particularly suitable for being manufactured on the direct-current machine of working under rotatingfield and the stator core of synchronous AC motor, the stator of asynchronous AC motor and rotor core.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 organize metallograph and texture ODF figure after the annealing of the present embodiment recrystallize body, organize metallograph and texture ODF figure to compare with after the recrystallization annealing of comparative example in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the orientation free silicon steel plate coarse grains that this technique is prepared, size is more even; Known from ODF figure in addition, easy magnetization { 100} texture component is also obviously better than comparative example, and this is conducive to improve orientation free silicon steel plate magnetic property.
Embodiment 2-7: this low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate adopts following concrete technology to be prepared from.
(1) steel grades: this orientation free silicon steel plate embodiment 2-7 adopts the chemical composition shown in table 3.
Table 3: embodiment 2-7 chemical compositions (wt%)
| ? | C | Si | Mn | Al | S | P | Cr | Mo | Ce |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.0033 | 1.84 | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.0045 | 0.0072 | 0.34 | 0.15 | 0.002 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.0029 | 2.18 | 0.31 | 0.29 | 0.0045 | 0.0080 | 0.33 | 0.50 | 0.002 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.0040 | 0.83 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.0050 | 0.0066 | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.003 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.0010 | 2.71 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.0042 | 0.0069 | 0.43 | 0.05 | 0.002 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.0035 | 0.80 | 0.10 | 0.27 | 0.0046 | 0.0073 | 0.26 | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.0021 | 2.80 | 0.30 | 0.34 | 0.0043 | 0.0071 | 0.50 | 0.10 | 0.003 |
(2) preparation technology: this orientation free silicon steel plate embodiment 2-7 adopts the processing condition shown in table 4, table 5.
Table 4: the processing condition of heating and hot-rolled process
Table 5: the processing condition of cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation
(3) product performance: iron loss and magnetic strength that this orientation free silicon steel plate adopts epstein frame to measure the results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6: magnetic property result
Claims (7)
1. one kind low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate, it is characterized in that, the mass percent of its steel grade chemical composition is: C 0.001～0.004%, and Si 0.8～2.8%, Mn 0.1～0.5%, Al 0.2～0.6%, P≤0.008%, S≤0.005%, Mo 0.05～0.5%, Cr 0.2～0.5%, Ce≤0.003%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity element.
2. low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described steel plate in length and breadth to iron loss difference be less than 8%, magnetic strength difference is less than 9%.
3. a preparation technology for low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate, is characterized in that, it comprises steel-making and casting process, heating and hot-rolled process, cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation; The chemical composition mass percent of controlling steel-making in described steel-making and casting process is: C 0.001～0.004%, Si 0.8～2.8%, Mn0.1～0.5%, Al 0.2～0.6%, and Mo 0.05～0.5%, Cr 0.2～0.5%, P≤0.008%, S≤0.005%, Ce≤0.003%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity element, are then cast as slab; In described cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation, during annealing to apply the tension force of 2～4MPa with steel.
4. the preparation technology of low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate according to claim 3, is characterized in that: during described recrystallization annealing to apply the tension force of 3MPa with steel.
5. according to the preparation technology of the low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that described heating and hot-rolled process: by heating of plate blank to 1100～1180 ℃, insulation 60～150min; Adopt hot rolling mode to produce, 1000～1100 ℃ of hot fine rolling start rolling temperatures, finish rolling finishing temperature is 850～950 ℃, finish rolling total reduction is 85～93%, roll rear water-cooled to 680～760 ℃ after slow cooling to room temperature, obtain hot-rolled sheet;
Described cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation: will adopt once cold rolling method after above-mentioned hot-rolled sheet pickling, total reduction is controlled at 86～92%, and guarantee that last percentage pass reduction is 20～25%; Described recrystallization annealing process is: the speed with 25～35 ℃/s is warming up to 880～980 ℃, after insulation 80～200s, more cooling with the speed of 7～12 ℃/s; The protective atmosphere using during annealing is 20～40vol%H
2the gas mixture of+80～60vol%N2.
6. the preparation technology of low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described heating and hot-rolled process: described heating of plate blank to 1120～1160 ℃, soaking time 70～120min, 1020～1080 ℃ of hot fine rolling start rolling temperatures, 860～930 ℃ of finish rolling finishing temperatures, finish rolling total reduction finish rolling total reduction is 88～92%, roll rear water-cooled to 690～740 ℃ after slow cooling to room temperature.
7. the preparation technology of low magneticanisotropy orientation free silicon steel plate according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described cold rolling and recrystallization annealing operation: adopt once cold rolling method, cold rolling total reduction is controlled at 88～92%, and guarantees that last percentage pass reduction is 20～23%; Recrystallization annealing is warming up to 920～960 ℃ soon with the speed of 28～33 ℃/s, insulation 100～140s.
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| CN105772502A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-07-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Asymmetric rolling method for producing high-grade non-oriented silicon steel |
| CN105886932A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Non-oriented silicon steel for high-power-factor motor and production method |
| CN110579952A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-17 | 佳能株式会社 | Fixing member and thermal fixing apparatus |
| JP2020022977A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-13 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Non-directional electromagnetic steel coil and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114737129A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-07-12 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | High-performance non-oriented silicon steel for wound motor iron core and production method thereof |
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| CN105886932B (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-08-25 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of High Power Factor Non-oriented silicon steel for motors and production method |
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| JP2020022977A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-13 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Non-directional electromagnetic steel coil and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN114737129B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-02-28 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | High-performance non-oriented silicon steel for wound motor iron core and production method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |