CN104145868A - Method for increasing survival rate of loach fry in pond - Google Patents
Method for increasing survival rate of loach fry in pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145868A CN104145868A CN201410427568.1A CN201410427568A CN104145868A CN 104145868 A CN104145868 A CN 104145868A CN 201410427568 A CN201410427568 A CN 201410427568A CN 104145868 A CN104145868 A CN 104145868A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a method for increasing the survival rate of loach fry in a pond. In order to solve the technical problems, a new method is provided for increasing the survival rate of the loach fry. According to the technical scheme, the method includes the following steps of a, reconstructing the pond; b, making the preparation before eggs are laid; c, allowing loach to lay and hatch eggs; d, conducting temporary rearing. The method can effectively increase the survival rate of the loach fry and has the wide application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of method that improves pond loach weed survival rate.
Background technology
The loach that loach is under the jurisdiction of in Cypriniformes (Cypriniformes) Cobitidae (Cobitidae) flower loach subfamily (Cobitinae) belongs to (Misgurnus lacpde), that a group is distributed widely in the small-sized end in the poisons in freshwaters such as China's rivers, lake, pond, rivers and canals and the rice field economic fish of dwelling, wherein common with loach [Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (cantor)] and the large secondary loach of squama (Paramisgurnus dabryanus Sauvage), be also to propagate the most common kind artificially.Loach viability is strong, recipe is wide, its meat is tender delicious, and there is certain medical value, be called as " ginseng in water ", and strong adaptability, disease is few, survival rate is high, fertility is strong, strong stress resistance, convenient transportation, easily cultivation, bait is easy to get, aquaculture cost is low, the advantages such as fast growth, be listed in one of special aquatic products product cultivation kind, loach is not only popular at home, in Japan, the countries such as Korea S are subject to broad masses' favor equally deeply, therefore there is wide future develop, one of well sold and in short supply aquatic products on international market are now become.Along with the continuous increase of demand and the exhaustion day by day of wild loach of loach, the high yield large-scale cultivation of loach is imperative.The seed rearing of loach is the key technique of the highly efficient and productive technology of loach breeding, but the average less than 30% of survival rate of the seed rearing of current loach is the technical bottleneck of loach breeding.The loach rearing of fingerling now adopting is aborning traditional fish cultivation technology, be the breeding that completes loach in spawning and hatching facility independently, the loach shoot root obtaining proceeds to loach seedling cultivation pond according to the developmental condition of weather, loach seedling and knowhow in the past in good time, transfers to realize from artificial propagation the production process of propagating artificially to.That is to say that artificial propagation and to propagate artificially be to complete completes this pond that turns and need to the technical measures such as implement to fish for, transport, put in a suitable place to breed to loach seedling in two different water environments.The loach seedling that artificial propagation obtains proceeds to cultivation waters from hatching waters, it is several unfavorable to exist: the one, and high to pool technical requirement under loach seedling, such as the standard on the pool under loach seedling, the lower pool opportunity of loach seedling, the technology etc. of putting in a suitable place to breed of loach seedling, these are all unfavorable for that raiser grasps, and cause loach seedling to enter pond survival rate low; The 2nd, loach seedling proceeds to cultivation waters from hatching waters, and different with Biological indicators because of the physical and chemical index of water body, the sudden change of living environment soon for loach seedling in delicate health, is unfavorable for its existence for firm membrane, causes survival rate to decline.The 3rd, turn in the process of pond, it is great injury for loach seedling that loach seedling such as is fished for, transports, puts in a suitable place to breed at the technical measures, is unfavorable for the raising of loach shoot survival percent.Therefore in loach breeding, improving the survival rate that loach seedling is cultivated, is unavoidable technical barrier in loach seedling cultivating process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of new method for improving loach fish shoot survival percent.
Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of method that improves pond loach weed survival rate, comprises the steps:
A, pond transformation: according to the size in loach seed rearing pond, build the hatching that accounts for this pond gross area 1～2% in pond near near water inlet and support temporarily platform, hatching is supported temporarily platform table top and is exceeded 10～15 centimetres at the bottom of than this pond, pond, and hatching is supported temporarily between platform and pond and used 30～40 mesh sieve tulle cloth that can remove to separate;
B, preparation before laying eggs: drain Chi Shui, in 666.7 square metres of ratios with 50 kilograms of quicklimes, by full pool spilling head stir in time bed mud while hot after molten quicklime water; 20～30 centimetres, the water that in one day backward pond, injection is filtered through 40～60 object screen windows applies 100～150 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers by 666.7 square metres simultaneously in pond; After water filling, sprinkle into probiotics water transfer to the every day of putting into before close loach to pond, by 666.7 square metres each 300～500 grams, described photosynthetic bacteria concentration is viable count>=3 × 10
8cfu/g;
C, loach spawning and hatching: loach mating season, in hatching, the close loach case of laying eggs is set above temporary foster platform, the case area of laying eggs be not more than hatching support temporarily table top long-pending 1/3rd, in case, put the close loach after injection ocyodinic, breeding density calculates with loach breeding pond area, for every 666.7 square metres of female close loach 100～120 tails, male close loach 150～180 tails; Make it at the natural spawning fertilization in case of laying eggs, fertilized egg the falling case that to lay eggs is temporarily supported on platform and is completed hatching in hatching;
D, foster temporarily: want after loach seedling incubation of membrane in time the yolk water boiling and shrimp med open-mouthed bait evenly to be splashed on the temporarily foster platform of hatching; Splash every day with probiotics, keep breeding water body to there is fertilizer, work, refreshing characteristic; Loach seedling is normally taken food, after long 1.5～2 centimetres of body, the bolting silk screen cloth that can withdraw to isolate spawning and hatching platform and pond, allows loach seedling leave freely spawning and hatching platform.
Further, in step a, hatching supports temporarily that platform is cut into cement brick and floor tile paving makes table top smooth, and micro-pore oxygenation facility is installed.
Preferably, left and right, temporary 2～2.5 meters of the tops of foster platform of distance hatching are built and are not less than the temporarily foster long-pending sunshade net of table top of hatching.
Concrete, the biological organic fertilizer described in step b is the chicken manure through harmless treatment.
Concrete, the probiotics described in step b is photosynthetic bacteria or bacillus, concentration is viable count>=3 × 10
8cfu/g.
Concrete, during step c incubating oosperm and during temporary the supporting of steps d, before and after the dusk, opening oxygenation facility, the available machine time will be extended down to second day sun and out stop.
Concrete, the fertilizer described in step c refers to water transparency 20～30cm, and described work refers to that water body water colour has diurnal variation, described refreshingly refers to that in water body, the suspension except plankton is few.
In the present invention, limewash during to pond disinfection, sprinkle limewash hatching simultaneously simultaneously and support on platform temporarily, and table top is carried out disinfection; Sterilize and inject in the time of the strict water filtering of screen window in backward pond, the water filling degree of depth is supported temporarily 10～15 centimetres of table tops and was advisable to flood hatching.Forbid close loach to jump out the case of laying eggs and enter pond; Should open in time oxygenation facility according to weather conditions, especially during supporting temporarily during incubating oosperm and after loach seedling membrane, should adhere to that oxygenation facility is opened in front and back at dusk, the available machine time will extend to second day sun and out just can stop; During spawning and hatching, the injury of antiultraviolet to fertilized egg and local water temperature to rise and cause too soon the damage of fertilized egg and loach seedling; After loach seedling membrane, in time the open-mouthed baits such as loach seedling yolk water and shrimp med evenly be splashed and support temporarily on platform in hatching; Loach seedling is normally taken food, after long 1.5～2 centimetres of body, the bolting silk screen cloth that can withdraw to isolate spawning and hatching platform and pond, allows loach seedling leave freely spawning and hatching platform.
In step b of the present invention, filtering is should try one's best strictly, can not have other macro-organisms to enter pond with current.In steps d, substitute the soya-bean milk using in tradition cultivation with probiotics, play the object of rich water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: traditional loach seed rearing survival rate is on average less than 30%, the loach seed rearing survival rate less than 10% at most loach breedings family.The inventive method is placed on two links of the egg reproduction of traditional loach and seed rearing to complete to change in same pond waters in different pond waters and completes, be combined with probiotics regulating water quality, the survival rate that realizes loach seed rearing improves more than 30%～50% than the survival rate of conventional art cultivation, improve greatly pond loach fish shoot survival percent, be with a wide range of applications.
Embodiment
Embodiment adopts the inventive method to carry out loach breeding
1, pond transformation: according to the size in loach seed rearing pond, build the hatching that accounts for this pond gross area 1%～2% in pond near near water inlet and support temporarily platform, this hatching is supported temporarily platform table top and is exceeded approximately 10～15 centimetres at the bottom of than this pond, pond, available cement brick is cut into and floor tile paving makes table top smooth, and micro-pore oxygenation facility is installed; Hatching is supported temporarily between platform and pond and is separated with 30～40 mesh sieve tulle cloth that can remove; Left and right, distance hatching 2 meters of tops of temporarily foster platform should be built than the long-pending slightly large sunshade net of the temporary foster table top of hatching, to ensure that the temporary platform of supporting of hatching is not by direct irradiation of sunlight.
2, the preparation before laying eggs: the preparation before putting in a suitable place to breed according to common pond fry before loach seed rearing pond is used is carried out, and 1. drains Chi Shui, every 666.7 square metres with 50 kilograms of quicklimes, full pool spilling head stir in time bed mud while hot after molten water; 2. in one day backward pond, inject through 20～30 centimetres, the strict water filtering of screen window, simultaneously to applying 100～150 kilograms of chicken manures (biological organic fertilizer) through harmless treatment in pond; 3. after water filling, sprinkle into photosynthetic bacteria water transfer (viable count>=3 × 10 every day in pond
8cfu/g), each 300～500 grams.
3, loach spawning and hatching with support temporarily: loach mating season directly the hatching of building hatching and support temporarily the loach breeding pond of platform above foster platform, arrange temporarily close loach lay eggs case (the case area of laying eggs account for hatching support temporarily table top long-pending 1/3rd or still less), in case, put the close loach after injection ocyodinic, breeding density calculates with loach breeding pond area, for every 666.7 square metres of about female close loach 100 tails, male close loach 150 tail left and right; Make it at the natural spawning fertilization in case of laying eggs, fertilized egg the falling case that to lay eggs is temporarily supported on platform and is completed hatching in hatching, and continues to be developed to free-swimming loach seedling at this; During supporting temporarily, artitificial food should be splashed uniformly and be supported temporarily on platform in hatching.
4, probiotics water transfer: no matter be before loach seedling membrane or after membrane, pond waters adheres to using probiotics water transfer every day, especially after loach seedling membrane, adhere to splashing every day with probiotics Substitute For Partial soya-bean milk, keep breeding water body to there is fertilizer (transparency 20～30cm), (water colour has diurnal variation) alive, refreshing (suspension except plankton be'ss few) characteristic.
5, points for attention and daily management: limewash during to pond disinfection, sprinkle limewash hatching simultaneously simultaneously and support on platform temporarily, and table top is carried out disinfection; Sterilize and inject in the time of the strict water filtering of screen window in backward pond, the water filling degree of depth is supported temporarily 10～15 centimetres of table tops and was advisable to flood hatching.Forbid close loach to jump out the case of laying eggs and enter pond; Should open in time oxygenation facility according to weather conditions, especially during supporting temporarily during incubating oosperm and after loach seedling membrane, should adhere to that oxygenation facility is opened in front and back at dusk, the available machine time will extend to second day sun and out just can stop; During spawning and hatching, the injury of antiultraviolet to fertilized egg and local water temperature to rise and cause too soon the damage of fertilized egg and loach seedling; After loach seedling membrane, in time the open-mouthed baits such as loach seedling yolk water and shrimp med evenly be splashed and support temporarily on platform in hatching; Loach seedling is normally taken food, after long 1.5～2 centimetres of body, the bolting silk screen cloth that can withdraw to isolate spawning and hatching platform and pond, allows loach seedling leave freely spawning and hatching platform.
Certain loach breeding Co., Ltd, utilizes the method to carry out the production of loach seedling, and the average survival that loach seedling is cultivated is 30%～35%, reaches as high as more than 85%, and survival rate improves more than 30%～50%; Reach the specification of 3.3cm from loach seedling membrane, growth time shortens 2～4 days than conventional method required time, and culture benefit improves 60%～100%.
Claims (7)
1. a method that improves pond loach weed survival rate, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A, pond transformation: according to the size in loach seed rearing pond, build the hatching that accounts for this pond gross area 1～2% in pond near near water inlet and support temporarily platform, hatching is supported temporarily platform table top and is exceeded 10～15 centimetres at the bottom of than this pond, pond, and hatching is supported temporarily between platform and pond and used 30～40 mesh sieve tulle cloth that can remove to separate;
B, preparation before laying eggs: drain Chi Shui, in 666.7 square metres of ratios with 50 kilograms of quicklimes, by full pool spilling head stir in time bed mud while hot after molten quicklime water; 20～30 centimetres, the water that in one day backward pond, injection is filtered through 40～60 object screen windows applies 100～150 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers by 666.7 square metres simultaneously in pond; After water filling, sprinkle into probiotics water transfer to the every day of putting into before close loach to pond, by 666.7 square metres each 300～500 grams, described photosynthetic bacteria concentration is viable count>=3 × 10
8cfu/g;
C, loach spawning and hatching: loach mating season, in hatching, the close loach case of laying eggs is set above temporary foster platform, the case area of laying eggs be not more than hatching support temporarily table top long-pending 1/3rd, in case, put the close loach after injection ocyodinic, breeding density calculates with loach breeding pond area, for every 666.7 square metres of female close loach 100～120 tails, male close loach 150～180 tails; Make it at the natural spawning fertilization in case of laying eggs, fertilized egg the falling case that to lay eggs is temporarily supported on platform and is completed hatching in hatching;
D, foster temporarily: want after loach seedling incubation of membrane in time the yolk water boiling and shrimp med open-mouthed bait evenly to be splashed on the temporarily foster platform of hatching; Splash every day with probiotics, keep breeding water body to there is fertilizer, work, refreshing characteristic; Loach seedling is normally taken food, after long 1.5～2 centimetres of body, the bolting silk screen cloth that can withdraw to isolate spawning and hatching platform and pond, allows loach seedling leave freely spawning and hatching platform.
2. the method for raising as claimed in claim 1 pond loach weed survival rate, is characterized in that: in step a, hatching supports temporarily that platform cement brick is cut into and floor tile paving makes table top smooth, and micro-pore oxygenation facility is installed.
3. the method for raising as claimed in claim 1 or 2 pond loach weed survival rate, is characterized in that: build to be not less than to hatch apart from 2～2.5 meters of the temporarily foster platform of hatching tops and support temporarily the long-pending sunshade net of table top.
4. the method for the raising pond loach weed survival rate as described in claim 1～3 any one, is characterized in that: the biological organic fertilizer described in step b is the chicken manure through harmless treatment.
5. the method for the raising pond loach weed survival rate as described in claim 1～4 any one, is characterized in that: the probiotics described in step b is photosynthetic bacteria or bacillus, concentration is viable count>=3 × 10
8cfu/g.
6. the method for the raising pond loach weed survival rate as described in claim 1～5 any one, it is characterized in that: during step c incubating oosperm and during temporary the supporting of steps d, before and after the dusk, opening oxygenation facility, the available machine time will be extended down to second day sun and out stop.
7. the method for the raising pond loach weed survival rate as described in claim 1～6 any one, it is characterized in that: the fertilizer described in step c refers to water transparency 20～30cm, described work refers to that water body water colour has diurnal variation, described refreshingly refers to that in water body, the suspension except plankton is few.
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| CN105210949A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-01-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of method that loach fry maintenance is cultivated |
| CN105284675A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-03 | 远睿生物科技有限公司 | Biological bait preparation method for culturing mud fishes |
| CN109511582A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-03-26 | 潜江市昌贵水产食品股份有限公司 | A kind of aquatic green cultural method |
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