Double-circle polarization waveguide array antenna
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Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite signal receiving antenna, relate in particular to a kind of double-circle polarization waveguide array antenna.
Background technology
Now, communication and television signal transmission have been widely used satellite transmission.The signal of satellite transmission is double-circle polarization signal a bit, comprises left-handed and dextrorotation electromagnetic signal, as KU wave band (11.7-12.3G) signal of No. nine satellites of conventional culminant star.Ground signal receives need to use circularly polarized signal waveguide array antenna.The antenna using is at present a kind of circularly polarized signal flat plate array antenna, and it is operated in single circular polarization state, can only receive left-handed or right hand signal, can not receive simultaneously, process left-handed and right hand signal.For realizing the reception of double-circle polarization signal, be all by using two slave antennas to receive respectively left-handed or dextrorotation electromagnetic signal, then exporting by tuner separately respectively, adopt as required electronic switch to switch polarized state.Its weak point is: owing to having adopted two width antennas, and complex structure, volume is large, and the inefficiency of equivalent area antenna surface, and cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of simple in structure, volume is little, operating efficiency is high, cost is low, the common antenna double-circle polarization waveguide array antenna of reception & disposal double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal simultaneously.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, double-circle polarization waveguide array antenna of the present invention, comprises waveguide, and described waveguide comprises radiating layer, circular polarization conversion layer, horizontal polarization and the perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer being cascading; Described radiating layer and circular polarization conversion layer waveguide cross-section are square; Described horizontal polarization and perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer waveguide cross-section are rectangle; Described radiating layer is that square loudspeaker are for receiving double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal; Described circular polarization conversion layer comprises dieelctric sheet, described dieelctric sheet and waveguide axis line parallel, its dual-side are connected in place, this layer of inwall diagonal angle of waveguide, this layer of inner chamber of waveguide are separated into two spaces, the dielectric constant of described dieelctric sheet is 5.5-6.5, double-circle polarization signal is separated into by dieelctric sheet to perpendicular polarization signal and the horizontal polarization signal of constant amplitude; Described horizontal polarization and perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer comprise upper and lower two-layer orthomode coupler.
Described dieelctric sheet two ends are that concave shaped, two ends closest approach distance are less than its both sides length of side.
Described dieelctric sheet two ends concave shaped hatching line is shaped as the waist of isosceles triangle.
The dielectric constant of described dieelctric sheet is 5.5-6.5, and surpassing this scope will affect reception, be preferably 5.8-6.2, more preferably 6.
The described dieelctric sheet both sides length of side is preferably 12-16mm, and surpassing this scope will affect reception or increase volume, raise the cost, then is preferably 13-15mm, more preferably 14mm.
Described dieelctric sheet two ends closest approach distance is preferably 3-6mm, and surpassing this scope will affect reception or increase volume, raise the cost, then is preferably 4-5mm, more preferably 5mm.
Described dieelctric sheet thickness is preferably 1.5-2mm, and surpassing this scope will affect reception or increase volume, raise the cost, then is preferably 1.8-2mm, more preferably 2mm.
Place, described circular polarization conversion layer inwall diagonal angle is provided with slot, and described dieelctric sheet dual-side is pegged graft and is fixed on this slot.
Described dieelctric sheet is made with plastic medium material.
The length of side of described square loudspeaker unit lattice is preferably 25-30mm, then is preferably 26-28mm; Be no more than 1.2 times of working electromagnet wave-waves long.
Described antenna is 6 * 16 array of cells form.
Antenna can be made by the synthetic resin material of Coating conductive layer.
Adopt structure of the present invention, due to the radiating layer that is cascading, circular polarization conversion layer, horizontal polarization and perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer, circular polarization conversion layer is provided with dieelctric sheet this layer of inner chamber of waveguide is separated into two spaces, radiating layer signal receiving port has adopted square horn structure, the radiating element of the horn structure by radiating layer receives double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal, make the electromagnetic signal that enters antenna surface have left-right rotary signal concurrently, solved the compatibling problem of dual polarized signals; Vertical and the horizontal polarization electromagnetic signal that dieelctric sheet by circular polarization conversion layer is converted into constant amplitude by double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal is convenient to lower one deck transmission and reception, especially dieelctric sheet employing swallowtail-shaped structure is that dieelctric sheet two ends are that concave shaped, two ends closest approach distance are less than its both sides length of side, particularly dieelctric sheet two ends concave shaped hatching line and are shaped as the limit of equilateral triangle, thereby is more conducive to improve height and the cost of reception, minimizing volume reduction antenna; Transport layer orthomode coupler transmits horizontal polarization and the perpendicular polarization electromagnetic signal of getting off for the coupling through hole that transmits the second layer, finally meet at tuner, thereby realized the common antenna object of reception & disposal double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal simultaneously.Adopt the mode of waveguide Delamination Transmission, orthomode coupler (OMT) layer minute defeated horizontal polarization of upper and lower double-layer separate supplementary biography and perpendicular polarization electromagnetic signal, can greatly dwindle the structural volume of antenna, also save manufacturing cost, be conducive to produce that structure is small and exquisite, the satellite antenna of exquisite appearance.Antenna of the present invention has overcome the defect of prior art, has realized the common antenna object of reception & disposal double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal simultaneously, and simple in structure, volume is little, lightweight, and operating efficiency is high, double-circle polarization signal one side receiving efficiency can reach 95%, and cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is antenna wave guide structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is antenna wave guide vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of dovetail shape schematic diagram of the dieelctric sheet of antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is antenna 6 * 16 array of cells form vertical views of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the waveguide layer Orthogonal Double-layer mode coupling device structure partial enlarged drawing of one deck wherein of antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structure partial enlarged drawing of another layer of waveguide layer Orthogonal Double-layer mode coupling device of antenna of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, double-circle polarization waveguide array antenna of the present invention, comprises waveguide, and waveguide comprises radiating layer 1, circular polarization conversion layer 2, horizontal polarization and the perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer 4 being cascading.Radiating layer and circular polarization conversion layer waveguide cross-section are square.Horizontal polarization and perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer waveguide cross-section are rectangle.Radiating layer is that square loudspeaker are for receiving double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal.Circular polarization conversion layer comprises dieelctric sheet 3.Dieelctric sheet and waveguide axis line parallel, its dual-side are connected in place, this layer of inwall diagonal angle of waveguide, this layer of inner chamber of waveguide are separated into two spaces, double-circle polarization signal is separated into by dieelctric sheet to horizontal polarization signal and the perpendicular polarization signal of constant amplitude.Horizontal polarization and perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer comprise upper and lower two-layer orthomode coupler (Orthogonal modular Transducer, i.e. OMT).Every layer of orthomode coupler transmission structure of horizontal polarization and perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer can adopt the structure of prior art.
Radiating layer is square loudspeaker, and the area that can make full use of rectangular flat antenna surface receives circularly polarized signal effect to improve, and realizes homalographic reception and maximizes.
The dielectric constant of dieelctric sheet is 5.5-6.5, is preferably 5.8-6.2, more preferably 6.Dieelctric sheet is made with plastic medium material, like this can weight reduction, reduce costs, and can certainly adopt other dielectric materials to make.
The dieelctric sheet both sides length of side is preferably 12-16mm, and surpassing this scope will affect reception or increase volume, raise the cost, then is preferably 13-15mm, more preferably 14mm.
Dieelctric sheet thickness is preferably 1.5-2mm, and surpassing this scope will affect reception or increase volume, raise the cost, then is preferably 1.8-2mm, more preferably 2mm.
Antenna wave guide is made with the synthetic resin material of Coating conductive layer, also can adopt other conventional antenna wave guide materials.
For conventional ku band signal, the length of side of square loudspeaker unit lattice is preferably 25-30mm, then is preferably 26-28mm, is no more than 1.2 times of working electromagnet wave-waves long.
As shown in Figure 2, the connected mode of dieelctric sheet is preferably: at waveguide circular polarization conversion layer inwall diagonal angle, place is provided with slot, and dieelctric sheet dual-side is pegged graft and is fixed on this slot.Can certainly be fixedly connected with by other conventional fixed forms.
As shown in Figure 3, to be preferably two ends be that concave shaped, two ends closest approach distance is less than its both sides length of side to the shape of dieelctric sheet.Best is the waist that dieelctric sheet two ends concave shaped hatching line is shaped as isosceles triangle.Certainly, dieelctric sheet two ends concave shaped hatching line shape can be also that other shapes are as arc.The shape of dieelctric sheet two ends concave shaped, can improve antenna reception, weight reduction, reduce costs.Dieelctric sheet two ends closest approach distance is preferably 3-6mm, and surpassing this scope will affect reception or increase volume, raise the cost, then is preferably 4-5mm, more preferably 5mm.
As shown in Figure 4, antenna of the present invention can be made 6 * 16 array of cells forms.Can certainly make other conventional array of cells forms.The quantity of cell can require to set according to the satellite of antenna territory of use being landed to the required gain of field intensity.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, two layers of orthomode coupler transmission structure of horizontal polarization and perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer are rectangular waveguide transmission structure, can adopt the common structure of prior art, electromagnetic wave energy unit being received by 1:1 or 1:2 power combiner device and impedance matching converges and finally enters tuner.The position of these two layers of orthomode couplers can exchange, respectively transmit level polarization and perpendicular polarization signal.The connected mode of itself and tuner is prior art.
As 96 unit double-circle polarization satellite antennas be in the television receiving antenna done of nine satellites, the KU band signal that its receive frequency is 11.7G-12.3GHz, is about a wavelength according to Frequency Design cell size; According to territory of use land field strength analysis its gain requirement, be set to 6 * 16 96 cell forms.Antenna is made by the synthetic resin material of Coating conductive layer, and volume size is 401mm * 151mm * 55.7mm.Radiating element is square horn mouth, signal is accepted to import into circular polarization conversion layer down.Every layer of orthomode coupler transmission structure of horizontal polarization and perpendicular polarization waveguide transport layer is rectangular waveguide transmission structure, square-section is 15 ㎜ * 3.2 ㎜, and electromagnetic wave energy unit being received by 1:1 or 1:2 power combiner device and impedance matching converges and finally enters tuner.This antenna has been realized the common antenna object of reception & disposal double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal simultaneously, and simple in structure, volume is little, lightweight, and dual polarized signals one side receiving efficiency can reach 95%, and cost is low.
Operation principle of the present invention is: ground floor radiating layer is square horn mouth array, be used for receiving double-circle polarization electromagnetic signal, receive the signal coming and enter the second layer by coupling through hole, it is circular polarization conversion layer, this layer of structure is that square diagonal is placed swallow-tail form dieelctric sheet after square loudspeaker, by changing the dielectric constant of dieelctric sheet and increasing dieelctric sheet thickness, can reduce and circularly polarized signal is converted into linear polarization receives required dieelctric sheet length, then can reduce the height of antenna, this for realizing high-gain outward appearance small and exquisite be helpful.Circularly polarized signal is when through dieelctric sheet, separable is the signal perpendicular to dieelctric sheet direction and the equal signal of amplitude that is parallel to dieelctric sheet, but the signal phase that is parallel to dieelctric sheet is leading or fall behind (by left-right rotary, being determined) in signal phase 90 degree perpendicular to dieelctric sheet, after the dieelctric sheet of particular design, make the signal phase of parallel dieelctric sheet 90 degree that slow down, the signal of perpendicular media sheet does not have influenced, so the phase place of last parallel signal is identical with vertical signal phase place or contrary, again because they are separated by circularly polarized signal, it is constant amplitude, so last synthetic signal and dieelctric sheet angle is 45 degree, for horizontal polarization or perpendicular polarization signal.The horizontal polarization being transformed and perpendicular polarization signal enter in the 3rd layer, and in upper and lower two-layer OMT structure, transmission respectively, finally meets at tuner.