CN104142575B - A kind of onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system - Google Patents

A kind of onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system Download PDF

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CN104142575B
CN104142575B CN201410395852.5A CN201410395852A CN104142575B CN 104142575 B CN104142575 B CN 104142575B CN 201410395852 A CN201410395852 A CN 201410395852A CN 104142575 B CN104142575 B CN 104142575B
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lens
relay lens
group
safety goggles
optical system
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CN104142575A (en
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杨新军
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Air China (shanghai) Co Ltd
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Air China (shanghai) Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system, be followed successively by digital image source, relay lens group and optics safety goggles along optical axis direction; The imaging light that numeral image source sends, after relay lens group, is reflected by optics safety goggles and enters in observer's eye; Relay lens group by front group, middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster form; There is a bending angle relative to digital image source in optics safety goggles, reflection ray is become picture in generate asymmetric aberration; Optics safety goggles adopts toroid face type, optics safety goggles inside surface plates Narrowband Spectral High-Reflectivity Filter Multilayers and forms concave mirror; Front group, middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster spatially can separately or entirety carry out transversal displacement and tilted deflecting relative to optical axis, thus compensate the asymmetric aberration of this optical presentation system; The present invention adopts unsymmetric structure, and relay lens group can be arranged optional position, and spatially skew and rotation arbitrarily, to eliminate aberration, brings more high imaging quality.

Description

A kind of onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the design of refraction-reflection type off-axis imaging System Optics, particularly onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system.
Background technology
Onboard goggle-type helmet display, by the safety goggles before the flight parameter information of necessity and aiming information projection to pilot, makes pilot can see the information that safety goggles reflects and surrounding environment simultaneously.Disclosed canonical correlation patent have the patent No. be 3940204 american documentation literature; Goggle-type helmet display in patent adopts CRT to make image source, CRT is fixed on the side of the helmet, the image of CRT display is first by relay optical assembly onwards transmission, then turned to by prism assemblies and project on curved safety goggles, a larger angle is there is between the perpendicular line of throw light and safety goggles each point, this angular region has 55 ° – 60 ° usually, thus creates obvious asymmetric aberration in safety goggles reflection image.
This asymmetric aberration is very complicated, is found, mainly comprise in aberration by Vector aberration theory analysis: binode astigmatism and coma, and coma is divided into again the composition linear with visual field and at the changeless composition of whole visual field numerical value; Astigmatism is also divided into the composition becoming secondary and linear relationship with visual field, and at the changeless composition in whole visual field.
Before, someone proposes to introduce between CRT and aviation helmet safety goggles to form relay optical lens subassembly with eccentric optical element, to be tilted by optical element or the eccentric aberration produced offsets the asymmetric aberration of visor projection display, adjust the inclination angle of CRT as compensation simultaneously.Again aviation helmet safety goggles reflector design is become holographic diffraction surfaces afterwards, be recorded in before an asymmetrical wave in hologram diffraction face, correct the asymmetric aberration of visor projection display with this further.But aberration correction effect not success completely, obvious residual aberration is still had to exist, in introducing helmet-mounted display system on the other hand along with broadband Small-scale Flat display, hologram diffraction type safety goggles has become the biggest obstacle of design broadband Helmet Mounted Display.But utilize conventional goggles to replace hologram diffraction type safety goggles can make again asymmetric aberration and chromatic aberration correction difficulty.The another kind of way reducing asymmetric aberration puts a beam splitter in pilot's eye face, changing the radiation direction projected on safety goggles, because this reducing the angle between throw light and safety goggles each point perpendicular line, thus reducing asymmetric aberration.But this structure a subject matter is the eye-point distance that pilot's beam splitter at the moment substantially reduces airborne Helmet Mounted Display, limits the application of this structure.
The disclosed patent No. is the Chinese patent literature of 200910251432.9, and provide a kind of Large visual angle display optical system, it comprises successively along optical axis direction: image source, produces image light; Relay lens assemblies, transfers to prism assemblies for image light image source produced; Prism assemblies, for deflecting the direction of propagation of the image light from relay lens assemblies; Concave mirror, receive and reflect the image light from the image source of prism assemblies, a bending angle is there is in this concave mirror relative to image source, make to generate asymmetric aberration in reflection image, wherein said bending angle is defined as the angle between optical axis and concave mirror inside surface each point normal; Relay lens assemblies by front group, middle groups and rear group three groups form, wherein each group is made up of multiple lens respectively; In the direction of the optical axis, front group near described prism assemblies, rear group near described image source, middle groups is between front group and rear group; Front group, middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster can respectively as an integral translation and rotations, make front group, middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster local axle exist an angle of cut each other, thus the asymmetric aberration of compensate for optical display system.
The disclosed patent No. is the Chinese patent literature of 201010235484.X, provide a kind of penetration helmet mounted display device based on free form surface safety goggles, comprise micro-display imager part and relay lens group, relay lens group is made up of the first relay lens, the second relay lens, the 3rd relay lens, the 4th relay lens, the 5th relay lens and the 6th relay lens; System adopts catadioptric version, and the image that image device produces, after relay lens group, is reflected by safety goggles and enters human eye.
But the patent No. be 200910251432.9 and 201010235484.X above-mentioned two patents in, this display optical system adopts the project organization of face symmetry; Safety goggles adopts planar structure, and relay lens group can only be placed with human eye horizontal or vertical direction, and in actual use, not only relay lens group setting position is restricted, and this structure can bring image planes to tilt, and limits the application of this structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and there is Large visual angle and high imaging quality, can merge with aviation helmet better, reach the onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system of best man-machine efficacy.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
This onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system, is followed successively by digital image source, relay lens group and optics safety goggles along optical axis direction; Optics safety goggles is fixed on helmet helmet body front, and overlays shading safety goggles rear, and two groups of relay lens group intersections are fixed on helmet body front inner; The imaging light that numeral image source sends, after relay lens group, is reflected by optics safety goggles and enters in observer's eye; Described relay lens group by front group, middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster form; There is a bending angle relative to digital image source in described optics safety goggles, reflection ray is become picture in generate asymmetric aberration; Described optics safety goggles adopts toroid face type, described optics safety goggles inside surface plates Narrowband Spectral High-Reflectivity Filter Multilayers and forms concave mirror; Front group, middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster spatially can separately or entirety carry out transversal displacement and tilted deflecting relative to optical axis, make front group, local axle be each other and no longer parallel with this display optical system optical axis separately for middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster; Thus compensate the asymmetric aberration of this optical presentation system.
Further, front group of lens are made up of the first relay lens, the second relay lens, the 3rd relay lens and the 4th relay lens near digital image source; Rear group of lens, near optics safety goggles, are made up of the 8th lens; Middle groups lens, between front group and rear group, are made up of the 5th relay lens, the 6th relay lens, the 7th relay lens.
Further, front group of lens have positive light coke, first relay lens, the second relay lens, the 3rd relay lens and the 4th relay lens are followed successively by field lens, meniscus lens, meniscus lens and biconvex lens, and the second relay lens and the 3rd relay lens bend towards digital image source; Middle groups lens have negative power, and the 5th relay lens, the 6th relay lens and the 7th relay lens are followed successively by tyre surface lens, biconcave lens and meniscus lens; Rear group of lens have positive light coke, and the 8th relay lens is biconvex lens.
Further, in relay lens group, the first relay lens and the 8th relay lens adopt odd aspheric surface, 3rd relay lens, the 4th relay lens, the 6th relay lens adopt even aspheric surface, 5th relay lens adopts tyre surface aspheric surface, all lens all adopt eccentric tilt from axle working method.
Further, front group of lens combination is by helmet wearer pupil image in middle groups, and reducing the bore of whole optical system, is collimation lens set; Middle groups lens combination is pupil group, comprising non-spherical lens by correcting pupil spherical aberration and coma, increasing pupil diameter; The image that image source generates by rear group of lens combination carries out collimation process, provides an obvious far field picture, be equivalent to the eyepiece that a numerical aperture is larger to wearer.
Described asymmetric aberration is binode astigmatism and coma, comprises and to become the astigmatism of secondary or linear relationship and the changeless astigmatism of numerical value and the coma linear with visual field and the changeless coma of numerical value with this display optical system visual field.
Described optical axis is the light path of this display optical system central vision chief ray from the display screen of digital image source to optics safety goggles, and optical axis and optics safety goggles each point normal angle are called bending angle.
Described optics safety goggles has orientation and faces upward both direction off-axis angle of bowing, and makes the relay lens group projecting left eye imaging be positioned at above right eye, makes the relay lens group projecting right eye imagery be positioned at above left eye simultaneously.
The focal length of this display optical system is 25-30mm, and emergent pupil is 15mm, and field angle is 50 degree.
This display optical system relative aperture is 2.0-2.5.
This onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system, compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
First, optics safety goggles adopts the toroid face type close to sphere, and in the angle imaging of guarantee short focus object lens of large relative aperture Large visual angle, and structure is simple; Ensure the profile of optics safety goggles and the consistance of helmet surface profile simultaneously, and processes.
Secondly, optics safety goggles has the off-axis angle of orientation and pitching both direction, ensures that display mechanical-optical setup, safety goggles and helmet three are good fit, realizes best man-machine efficacy characteristic.
Thirdly, optics safety goggles plating Narrowband Spectral High-Reflectivity Filter Multilayers, ensures that optics safety goggles has high transmission, high reverse--bias feature, effectively utilizes digital image source brightness and extraneous scene brightness.
Thirdly, this optical system adopts relay lens inclination, eccentric structure, significantly improves image quality.Adopt the design of short focus Large visual angle angle, focal length 25-30mm, emergent pupil 15mm, field angle reaches 50 degree.Employing object lens of large relative aperture designs, and relative aperture is 2.0-2.5, improves the illuminance in picture plane.
Finally, this optical system adopts unsymmetric structure, and optics safety goggles adopts non-face symmetrical structure form, and relay lens group can be arranged optional position, offsets and rotates, to eliminate aberration, bring more high imaging quality on space is any.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Mark in the content expressed each width accompanying drawing of instructions of the present invention below and figure is briefly described:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the arrangenent diagram of the relay lens group of onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the modulation transfer function curve of onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the aberration distortion schematic diagram of onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system of the present invention.
Mark in above-mentioned figure is:
1, the first relay lens, the 2, second relay lens, the 3, the 3rd relay lens, the 4, the 4th relay lens, 5, the 5th relay lens, the 6, the 6th relay lens, the 7, the 7th relay lens, 8, the 8th relay lens, 9, digital image source, 10, front group, 11, middle groups, 12, rear group, 13, entrance pupil, 14, optical axis, 100, the helmet, 101, shading safety goggles, 102, relay lens group, 103, optics safety goggles, 104, arrow.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by the description to optimum embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 is that the present invention is applied to aircrew helmet when showing, the assembly relation of the helmet 100, shading safety goggles 101, optics safety goggles 103 and relay optical lens combination 102.This onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system, is followed successively by digital image source 9, relay lens group 102 and optics safety goggles 103 along optical axis 14 direction; Optics safety goggles 103 is fixed on the helmet helmet body front of the helmet 100, and overlays shading safety goggles 101 rear, and two groups of relay lens group 102 intersections are fixed on helmet helmet body front inner; The imaging light that numeral image source 9 sends, after relay lens group 102, is reflected by optics safety goggles 103 and enters in observer's eye; Relay lens group 102 by front group 10, middle groups 11 and rear group of 12 three lens cluster form; There is a bending angle relative to digital image source 9 in optics safety goggles 103, reflection ray is become picture in generate asymmetric aberration; Optics safety goggles 103 adopts toroid face type, optics safety goggles 103 inside surface plates Narrowband Spectral High-Reflectivity Filter Multilayers and forms concave mirror; Front group 10, middle groups 11 and rear group of 12 three lens cluster spatially can separately or entirety spatially carry out transversal displacement relative to optical axis 14, make relay lens group 102 misalignment optical axis 14, front group 10 simultaneously, middle groups 11 and rear group 12 spatially can separately or entirety spatially carry out tilted deflecting relative to optical axis 14, make front group 10, middle groups 11 and rear group of 12 three lens cluster separately local axle local axle is no longer parallel with this display optical system optical axis 14 each other and separately, front group 10, middle groups 11 and rear group of 12 three lens cluster local axles exist an angle of cut each other; Thus compensate the asymmetric aberration of this optical presentation system.This optical system adopts unsymmetric structure, and optics safety goggles 103 adopts non-face symmetrical structure form, and relay lens group 102 can be arranged optional position, and can arbitrarily angled skew and rotation in space, to eliminate aberration, brings more high imaging quality.
Concrete, the display frame that pilot observes is generated by digital image source 9, numeral image source 9 is miniature active-matrix liquid crystal display (MICRO-AMLCD), numeral image source 9 is contained in above the side of aviation helmet, (the first relay lens 1 is comprised through front group 10, second relay lens 2, 3rd relay lens 3 and the 4th relay lens 4), middle groups 11 (comprises the 5th relay lens 5, 6th relay lens 6, 7th relay lens 7) and rear group 12 (comprising the 8th lens 8) after, reflected by optics safety goggles 103 and enter pilot's eyes, the information display screen of generation is realized to be projected on optics safety goggles 103 inside surface, be reflected through entrance pupil 13 and enter pilot's eyes, pilot is made to see the display frame that MICRO-AMLCD provides.
Pilot sees surrounding environment through optics safety goggles 103, as arrow 104 indication simultaneously.Fig. 1 gives the sketch of goggle-type helmet display optical system, and optical system describes in more detail composition graphs 2 below and provides.
Lens layout of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, adopt catadioptric version, front group 10 of relay lens group 102 has positive light coke and comprises the first relay lens 1, second relay lens 2, the 3rd relay lens 3 and the 4th relay lens 4, adopt the version of field lens-meniscus lens-meniscus lens-biconvex lens respectively, the second relay lens 2 and the 3rd relay lens 3 bend towards digital image source 9; Middle groups 11 has negative power and is made up of the 5th relay lens 5, the 6th relay lens 6 and the 7th relay lens 7, adopts the version of tyre surface mirror-biconcave lens-meniscus lens; Main calibrating optical safety goggles 103 Aberration, alleviates the pressure of optics safety goggles 103 correct astigmatism aberration, makes optics safety goggles 103 types close to sphere, reduces optics safety goggles 103 location sen-sitivity, is conducive to its processing and regulates; There is for rear group 12 positive light coke and comprise the 8th relay lens 8, adopt the version of biconvex lens, system focal power is mainly provided.In relay lens group 102, the first relay lens 1 and the 8th relay lens 8 have employed odd aspheric surface, 3rd relay lens 3, the 4th relay lens 4, the 6th relay lens 6 have employed even aspheric surface, 5th relay lens 5 have employed tyre surface aspheric surface, all lens adopt eccentric tilt from axle working method, to reduce aberration to greatest extent, thus improve picture display resolution.
Before in relay lens group 102, group 10 has positive focal power, and by helmet wearer pupil image between middle groups 11 two lens, effectively reduce the bore of whole optical system, front group 10 also known as collimation lens set; Middle groups 11, also known as pupil group, comprising a non-spherical lens by correcting pupil spherical aberration and coma, effectively can increase pupil diameter; Have positive focal power equally for rear group 12, the image that image source generates is carried out collimation process by it, and provide an obvious far field picture to wearer, rear group 12 is just equivalent to the larger eyepiece of a numerical aperture.
Table 1 gives the construction data of Fig. 2 optical system, and in table, mm gets in the unit of lens surface curvature radius, and positive number represents concave curved surface, negative number representation convex surface; Lens thickness represents lens front-back center distance, in units of mm; The representation that the refractive index of lens material and Abbe number adopt traditional six numeral centre points to separate, as XXX.YYY, before three numeral refractive indexes, size is 1.XXX; Three numeral Abbe numbers next, size is YY.Y; The front surface of lens represents with alphabetical F, and rear surface letter r represents.The radius-of-curvature x direction of optics safety goggles 103 is 96.2mm, y direction is 94.8mm, with the 8th relay lens rear surface in rear group 12 at a distance of 86mm; Numeral image source 9 display screen is 5.6mm to the distance of front group of 10 first relay lens front surface 1f.
The tables of data of each lens preferred implementation of table 1 relay lens group of the present invention
The optics safety goggles 103 that the present invention adopts, can meet the display requirement of broadband MICRO-AMLCD numeral image source 9; Helmet display optical system perspective display capabilities is by realizing at optics safety goggles 103 inside surface plating Narrowband Spectral High-Reflectivity Filter Multilayers simultaneously.
The optical axis 14 of helmet display optical system is defined as central vision chief ray from MICRO-AMLCD numeral image source 9 display screen to the light path of optics safety goggles 103, optical axis 14 and safety goggles each point normal angle are called bending angle θ, the difference along with safety goggles position can be found out, bending angle size changes, between normal conditions variation range 55 ° – 60 °.As shown in Figures 3 and 4, just because of optics safety goggles 103 for the asymmetrical bending angle of incident ray, result in complicated asymmetric aberration, comprise and to become with visual field the astigmatism of secondary or linear relationship and numerical value to immobilize astigmatism, and linear coma and numerical value immobilize coma with visual field.
A key character of the present invention is that relay optical lens subassembly is divided into front group 10, the three lens cluster structure of middle groups 11 and rear group 12, and rear group 12 by the middle of human eye pupil image pupil group, effectively reduces the bore of whole optical system, be equivalent to a telescope; Middle groups 11 pairs of pupil spherical aberrations and coma correct, very effective to increase pupil diameter; Front group of 10 relaying to MICRO-AMLCD numeral image source 9 display screen, play eyepiece effect from the light of pupil group.Front group 10, middle groups 11 with rear group 12 can together with or carry out transversal displacement relative to optical axis 14 separately, make relay lens group 102 misalignment whole system optical axis 14; Front group 10 simultaneously, middle groups 11 with rear group 12 also can together with or carry out tilted deflecting relative to optical axis 14 separately, make front group 10, local axle is no longer parallel each other separately with rear group of 12 lens for middle groups 11, and separately local axle is no longer parallel with whole system optical axis 14, front group 10, middle groups 11 and rear group of 12 three lens cluster local axles exist an angle of cut each other; Thus compensate the asymmetric aberration of this optical presentation system.Namely by relay lens group 102 being divided into ad hoc structure front group 10, middle groups 11 and rear group 12, three groups of optical lenses tilt and eccentric independently of each other, produce binode astigmatism and coma, offset the off-axis aberration of goggle-type optical imaging system generation; Relay lens group separate in three groups 102 considerably increases the degree of freedom of effective compensation asymmetric aberration, can compensate all three binode astigmatisms (become with visual field the astigmatism of secondary or linear relationship and numerical value immobilize astigmatism) and two coma compositions (coma linear with visual field and numerical value immobilize coma).
This onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system, has short focus Large visual angle angle, and focal length is 25-30mm, and emergent pupil is 15mm, and field angle reaches 50 degree; Adopt object lens of large relative aperture, relative aperture is 2.0-2.5, improves the illuminance in picture plane.
Obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above, as long as have employed the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention is conceived and technical scheme is carried out, all within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. an onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system, is followed successively by digital image source, relay lens group and optics safety goggles along optical axis direction; Optics safety goggles is fixed on helmet helmet body front, and overlays shading safety goggles rear, and two groups of relay lens group intersections are fixed on helmet body front inner; The imaging light that numeral image source sends, after relay lens group, is reflected by optics safety goggles and enters in observer's eye; Described relay lens group by front group, middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster form; There is a bending angle relative to digital image source in described optics safety goggles, reflection ray is become picture in generate asymmetric aberration; It is characterized in that: described optics safety goggles adopts toroid face type, described optics safety goggles inside surface plates Narrowband Spectral High-Reflectivity Filter Multilayers and form concave mirror; Front group, middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster spatially can separately or entirety carry out transversal displacement and tilted deflecting relative to optical axis, make front group, local axle be each other and no longer parallel with this display optical system optical axis separately for middle groups and rear group of three lens cluster; Thus compensate the asymmetric aberration of this optical presentation system; Front group of lens are made up of the first relay lens, the second relay lens, the 3rd relay lens and the 4th relay lens near digital image source; Rear group of lens, near optics safety goggles, are made up of the 8th lens; Middle groups lens, between front group and rear group, are made up of the 5th relay lens, the 6th relay lens, the 7th relay lens.
2. onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: front group of lens have positive light coke, first relay lens, the second relay lens, the 3rd relay lens and the 4th relay lens are followed successively by field lens, meniscus lens, meniscus lens and biconvex lens, and the second relay lens and the 3rd relay lens bend towards digital image source; Middle groups lens have negative power, and the 5th relay lens, the 6th relay lens and the 7th relay lens are followed successively by tyre surface lens, biconcave lens and meniscus lens; Rear group of lens have positive light coke, and the 8th relay lens is biconvex lens.
3. onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in relay lens group, the first relay lens and the 8th relay lens adopt odd aspheric surface, 3rd relay lens, the 4th relay lens, the 6th relay lens adopt even aspheric surface, 5th relay lens adopts tyre surface aspheric surface, all lens all adopt eccentric tilt from axle working method.
4. onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: front group of lens are by helmet wearer pupil image in middle groups, and reducing the bore of whole optical system, is collimation lens set; Middle groups lens are pupil group, comprising non-spherical lens by correcting pupil spherical aberration and coma, increasing pupil diameter; The image that image source generates by rear group of lens carries out collimation process, provides far field picture, be equivalent to the eyepiece that a numerical aperture is larger to wearer.
5. the onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system as described in any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that: described asymmetric aberration is binode astigmatism and coma.
6. onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described optical axis is the light path of this display optical system central vision chief ray from the display screen of digital image source to optics safety goggles, and optical axis and optics safety goggles each point normal angle are called bending angle.
7. onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described optics safety goggles has orientation and faces upward both direction off-axis angle of bowing.
8. onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the focal length of this display optical system is 25-30mm, and emergent pupil is 15mm, and field angle is 50 degree.
9. onboard goggle-type helmet display optical system as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: this display optical system relative aperture is 2.0-2.5.
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