CN104142280B - A kind of method detecting hard coat quality - Google Patents
A kind of method detecting hard coat quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN104142280B CN104142280B CN201310484588.8A CN201310484588A CN104142280B CN 104142280 B CN104142280 B CN 104142280B CN 201310484588 A CN201310484588 A CN 201310484588A CN 104142280 B CN104142280 B CN 104142280B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method detecting hard coat quality, first on the hard coat of matrix, process ball hole according to ball-milling method, make matrix be exposed in ball is cheated and make hard coat form an annular coating face in ball is cheated；Then with Vickers extrude on annular coating face bottom there is long base, short base and the taper impression on adjacent two radial direction bases, the wherein midpoint on the long base of taper impression, the plane that the midpoint on short base and taper impression summit are constituted is by the centre of sphere of the corresponding spheroid in ball hole, it is then used by the big radius of circle a that metallurgical microscope measure annular coat side top is corresponding, the little radius of circle b that annular coating basifacial is corresponding, distance L of taper impression long base two-end-point and distance l of taper impression short base two-end-point, i.e. available corresponding formula calculates thickness T and the Vickers hardness of hard coat.Said method can combine the test carrying out hardness while measuring thickness, thus simplifies measurement operation, improves detection efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method detecting hard coat quality.
Background technology
Coating technology can be obviously improved product quality, such as, be applied to the hard coat on cubic boron nitride cutting tool, cube
Coat one layer or hard multi-layer coating on boron nitride, life-span and the machining accuracy of cutter can be greatly improved.Can be used for cube
The coating of boron nitride cutter mainly has: titanium nitride, nitrogen aluminum titanium, aluminium oxide etc..In actual production, fast and effeciently judge hard
The quality of matter coating is the most up to standard, is not only related to production efficiency, is also related to product quality and brand image.Hard coat
Quality mainly include thickness, hardness, adhesion, surface roughness etc., in actual production, the most only test first three items.
At present, the measuring method of hard coat thickness mainly has optical means, eddy-current method and a magnetic induction method etc., but optical method
Requiring coating transparent, eddy-current method requires that coating is non-conductive, and magnetic induction method requires that tool matrix is magnetic material, it is clear that cube nitrogen
Change the titanium system coating on boron cutter and can not meet above-mentioned requirements, therefore it is generally required to use and there is the test of destructive ball-milling method,
It is prior art that ball-milling method surveys hard coat thickness, as it is shown in figure 1, the trickle local of hard coat 92 is used abrading-ball 94
Carry out ball-milling treatment, obtain the ball hole 93 that inwall is arc surface, in making matrix 91 be exposed to ball hole 93 and make hard
Coating 92 forms an annular coating face 95 in ball hole 93, then uses the test instrunment of correspondence, as metallurgical microscope enters
The measurement of row corresponding size, can calculate hard coat thickness.
Adhesion assay method has scarification and counter point two kinds, production typically uses counter point, i.e. observes around impression and be coated with
The peeling situation of layer, then comparison is corresponding determines whether to meet requirement with reference to collection of illustrative plates (as shown in Figure 2).
The hardness of hard coat typically uses Vickers hardness to demarcate, and measures hardness number according to experiment load and the area of indentation.Dimension
Family name's hardness test method is a kind of standard method, and Vickers hardness test principle is: by top two opposite face angle be 136 ° just
The test force pressing in sample surface that rectangular pyramid diamond penetrator specifies, removal test force after certain retention time, examination
The ratio testing the indentation surface of power and specimen surface long-pending is Vickers hardness.Impression catercorner length is measured, i.e. in practical operation
Can calculate Vickers hardness number as follows:
HV Vickers hardness number；
The area of S taper impression inner surface, unit is mm2；
F test force, unit is N；
The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of d taper impression opening catercorner length sum, unit is mm.
In prior art, hard coat thickness, hardness, the test of adhesion are to carry out respectively, measure complex procedures, efficiency
Low, and due to hard coat thickness typically between two or three micron to tens micron, hard to coating in order to reduce matrix cutter
The impact that degree is measured, general depth of cup not should be greater than coating layer thickness, thus needs the least impression, but if hard
Coating does not carry out surface finish process, and impression is affected by roughness and becomes to differentiate being almost difficult to.Same, measuring knot
When making a concerted effort, in order to observe coming off or cracks can spread situation of coating around impression, it is also desirable to coating is polished.But,
If using traditional buffing machine, the blade coating of cutter will inevitably be damaged, if specialized designs one can office
The nonstandard buffing machine of portion's polishing, will be greatly increased equipment cost.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method detecting hard coat quality, it is possible to combine while measuring thickness and carry out
The test of hardness, thus simplify measurement operation, improve detection efficiency.
A kind of present invention method detecting hard coat quality the technical scheme is that a kind of hard coat quality that detects
Method, the method comprises the following steps:
Step A, on the hard coat of matrix according to ball-milling method abrading-ball process ball hole, make matrix be exposed to ball hole in also
And make hard coat form an annular coating face in ball is cheated；
Step B, use Vickers have long base, short base and adjacent two bottom extruding on annular coating face
The radially taper impression on base, wherein midpoint and the taper impression summit institute structure on the midpoint on the long base of taper impression, short base
The plane become is by the centre of sphere of the corresponding spheroid in ball hole；
Step C, use big radius of circle a corresponding to corresponding metallurgical microscope measure annular coat side top, annular coating face
Little radius of circle b, distance L of taper impression long base two-end-point and the distance of taper impression short base two-end-point that bottom is corresponding
l；
Step D, step C will be measured a, b value of obtaining substitute into below equation, calculate the thickness T of hard coat:
R is abrading-ball radius, and unit is micron,
The unit of a, b is micron；
Step C will be measured L, l value of obtaining and substitute into following correction formula, calculate the Vickers hardness of hard coat:
F is the test force in pressure head press-in annular coating face, and unit is cattle,
The unit of L, l is millimeter.
After step B further comprising the steps of: utilize the coating shedding around corresponding metallography microscope sem observation taper impression
Situation, carries out compareing to judge that the adhesion of hard coat is the most qualified with reference to collection of illustrative plates with corresponding.
Described taper impression is formed at the position near ball hole opening, the annular coating face.
The dwell time in the pressure head press-in annular coating face of Vickers is 10 seconds.
From with metallurgical microscope on described Vickers, big radius of circle a corresponding to top, described annular coating face, annular
Distance l of little radius of circle b, distance L of long base two-end-point and short base two-end-point that coat side bottom is corresponding is all to utilize
The metallurgical microscope measurement carried on Vickers draws.
A diameter of 0.1 millimeter 1 millimeter of opening part circular port edge, described ball hole.
The present invention uses technique scheme, utilizes ball-milling method to process ball hole, make matrix expose on the hard coat of matrix
Ball hole in and make hard coat ball cheat in formation one annular coating face, the big radius of circle that top, annular coating face is corresponding
For a, the little radius of circle that annular coating basifacial is corresponding is b, and the radius of abrading-ball is R, utilizes existing formula
Can calculate the thickness T of hard coat, the roughness in this annular coating face meets the measuring condition of Vickers hardness, therefore may be used
To use Vickers to carry out hard test, and a conical surface of Vickers indenter when testing on annular coating face
It is directed towards the radial direction in ball hole so that the midpoint on the long base of taper impression, the midpoint on short base and putting down of place, taper impression summit
Face, by the centre of sphere of the corresponding spheroid in ball hole, therefore can be formed on annular coating face and have the long end being perpendicular to ball hole radially
The taper impression on limit, short base and adjacent two radially base, by general equationUnderstand, as long as learning
The area of four internal faces of taper impression, can calculate Vickers hardness, and taper impression is bottom shape irregular four
Pyramid, the area of its four internal faces can be by the spacing of taper impression long base two-end-point, the spacing of short base two-end-point
Size calculates approximation according to space geometry and draws, the most i.e. can get correction formulaFrom
And calculate the hard coating hardness that coincidence loss specifies, this makes it possible to while measuring thickness, combine the survey carrying out hardness
Examination, it is to avoid use usual manner to carry out the problem needing to polish coating surface during hardness test, thus simplify measurement operation,
Improve detection efficiency.When actual production, whole detection process simple and fast, little to the damage of cutter, detection equipment is easy
Obtain, it also avoid surface polishing process when traditional measurement coating hardness and adhesion, equally reduce cutter
Damage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the schematic diagram in the ball hole produced during ball-milling method test in prior art.
Corresponding entitled of each reference in figure: 91 matrixes, 92 hard coats, 93 balls holes, 94 abrading-balls, 95 annulars are coated with
Aspect.
Fig. 2: for the reference collection of illustrative plates of comparison when hard coat adhesion measures in prior art；
The annular coating face produced during ball milling in one embodiment of a kind of method detecting hard coat quality of Fig. 3: the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4: the schematic shapes of the taper impression produced on annular coating face in figure 3.
Corresponding entitled of each reference in figure: 1 matrix, 2 hard coats, 3 balls holes, 4 annular coating faces.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrate below in conjunction with the method detecting hard coat quality a kind of to the present invention of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 Fig. 4,
Certainly, this embodiment is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.
This embodiment quality of hard coat on cubic boron nitride glomerocryst coated cutting tool detects, and this cutter is to adopt
With the PVD method cutter that depositing TiN coating is made on polycrystalline cubic boron nitride blade, including polycrystalline cubic boron nitride shape
The hard coat 2 that the matrix 1 and TiN become is formed, the design thickness of hard coat 2 is 2 microns.Ball-milling method uses diameter
The abrading-ball of 40mm, Vickers hardness load is 0.98N(100g).
A, utilize on the hard coat 2 of matrix 1 ball-milling method process meet JB/T7707-95 standard ball hole 3, ball
Cheat 3 opening part circular port edges a diameter of 0.1 millimeter, makes matrix 1 be exposed in ball cheats 3 and make hard coat 2 at ball
An annular coating face 4 is formed in hole 3；The surface roughness in this ball hole 3 meets the requirement of Vickers hardness test.
B, by processing good shot hole 3 polycrystalline cubic boron nitride coated cutting tool be placed into routine the Vickers with metallurgical microscope
On durometer, adjust the position of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride coated cutting tool, make a conical surface of Vickers indenter towards vertical
On side's boron nitride glomerocryst coated cutting tool, the radial direction in ball hole 3, then starts Vickers, is used by the pressure head of Vickers
The position of 3 openings was cheated in the annular coating face 4 that the test force press-in ball hole 3 of regulation is formed near ball, through 10 seconds
Removal test force after dwell time, is formed to have on annular coating face 4 and is perpendicular to long base radially, ball hole 3, the short end
Limit and the taper impression on adjacent two radial direction bases, the midpoint on the long base of taper impression, midpoint and the taper pressure on short base
The plane that trace summit is constituted is by the centre of sphere of spheroid corresponding to ball hole 3.
C, utilizing the metallurgical microscope carried on Vickers, according to industry standard JB/T7707-95, measure annular is coated with
Little radius of circle b corresponding to big radius of circle a corresponding to aspect 4 top, bottom, annular coating face 4, the long base of taper impression two
Distance L of end points and distance l of short base two-end-point, then the thickness T of hard coat 2 can be calculated by below equation
Go out:
R is abrading-ball radius, and unit is micron；
A is the big radius of circle that top, annular coating face 4 is corresponding, and b is the little radius of circle that bottom, annular coating face 4 is corresponding,
The unit of a, b is micron.
And the Vickers hardness of hard coat 2 can be calculated by following correction formula:
F is the test force in the pressure head press-in annular coating face 4 of Vickers, and unit is cattle；
The unit of L, l is millimeter.
The derivation of above-mentioned correction formula is described below, with reference to Fig. 4, if the inner wall area of taper impression is S, taper pressure
The long base of trace, short base are respectively AB, CD, are O at the bottom of the cone of taper impression.Triangle AOB area is S1, triangle
Shape COD area is S2, and triangle AOD and triangle BOC area equation are S3.Triangle AOB is with AB as the end
The high h1 on limit, the triangle COD high h2 with CD as base.Top two due to Vickers hardness diamond conical indenter
Opposite face angle is 136 °, and the angle of the most adjacent two seamed edges is 85.67 °.Following derivation can be drawn by geometric knowledge
Journey:
So, Vickers hardness:
The method using the present invention, extrudes taper impression with Vickers on the annular coating face 4 in ball hole 3, according to
It is 1450HV that correction formula is calculated coating hardness, and coating layer thickness is 2.3 microns.And this polycrystalline cubic boron nitride coating
The thickness that cutter uses high-precision step instrument to measure is 2.39 microns；Coating cutter is carried out overall polishing, then uses routine
Vickers hardness measuring method to record coating hardness be 1495HV.The measuring method of the contrast present invention and general measuring method,
It can be seen that use the measuring method of the present invention, the certainty of measurement of hard coat 2 can meet in actual production completely
The examination and test of products.
In the above-described embodiments, the thickness of hard coat is to measure and calculate after using Vickers to extrude taper impression,
And use the metallurgical microscope carried on Vickers when measuring, and use during the observation of the adhesion of hard coat
Also being the metallurgical microscope carried on Vickers, in other embodiments of the invention, the thickness of hard coat can also
After ball milling completes, carry out before Vickers hardness test, and can also be at Vickers to the mensuration of corresponding size
Outside metallurgical microscope on carry out.
It addition, in above-described embodiment, the taper produced when relying on hardness test after using Vickers to extrude taper impression
Impression has carried out adhesion mensuration, and in other are implemented, adhesion measures can also be in the position outside the ball of hard coat is cheated
Individually carry out.
Furthermore, the material of hard coat, the radius of abrading-ball, the pressure time of Vickers indenter, load in above-described embodiment
Lotus sizes etc. all can need to be changed according to practical measurement, and the diameter on opening part circular port edge, ball hole can also be according to coating
The factors such as thickness, abrading-ball radius are adjusted, but preferably between 0.1 millimeter 1 millimeter in the range of any value.When
So, on other hard coats outside above-mentioned detection method can be used for cutter.
Claims (6)
1. the method detecting hard coat quality, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step A, on the hard coat of matrix according to ball-milling method abrading-ball process ball hole, make matrix be exposed to ball hole in and make hard coat ball hole in formation one annular coating face；
Step B, use Vickers have long base, short base and the taper impression on adjacent two radial direction bases, the plane that wherein midpoint on the long base of taper impression, midpoint and the taper impression summit on short base the are constituted centre of sphere by spheroid corresponding to ball hole bottom extruding on annular coating face；
Step C, use big radius of circle corresponding to corresponding metallurgical microscope measure annular coat side topa, little radius of circle that annular coating basifacial is correspondingb, the distance of taper impression long base two-end-pointLDistance l of base short with taper impression two-end-point；
Step D, obtain step C is measureda 、 bValue substitutes into below equation, calculates the thickness of hard coatT:
In formula:
——RFor abrading-ball radius, unit is micron,
——a 、 bUnit be micron；
Measurement in step C is obtainedL 、L value substitutes into following correction formula, calculates the Vickers hardness of hard coat:
In formula:
——FFor the test force in pressure head press-in annular coating face, unit is cattle,
——L 、The unit of l is millimeter.
A kind of method detecting hard coat quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of after step B: utilize the coating shedding situation around corresponding metallography microscope sem observation taper impression, carry out compareing to judge that the adhesion of hard coat is the most qualified with reference to collection of illustrative plates with corresponding.
A kind of method detecting hard coat quality the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described taper impression is formed at the position near ball hole opening, the annular coating face.
4. according to a kind of method detecting hard coat quality described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the dwell time in the pressure head press-in annular coating face of Vickers is 10 seconds.
5. according to a kind of method detecting hard coat quality described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: from metallurgical microscope, the big radius of circle that top, described annular coating face is corresponding on described Vickersa, little radius of circle that annular coating basifacial is correspondingb, the distance of long base two-end-pointLIt is all to utilize the metallurgical microscope measurement carried on Vickers to draw with distance l of short base two-end-point.
6. according to a kind of method detecting hard coat quality described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: a diameter of 0.1 millimeter 1 millimeter of the great circle that top, described annular coating face is corresponding.
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| CN108225864B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2020-10-20 | 国电锅炉压力容器检验中心 | Method for measuring elongation of material |
| CN110319795B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2021-10-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and system for measuring thickness of steel plate coating |
| CN109001064A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-14 | 江苏亨通光导新材料有限公司 | A kind of method of quantitative measurment and evaluation preform polishing effect |
| CN110631913A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-31 | 天津科技大学 | Quality detection method for high-hardness non-metal surface coating |
| CN113933142A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-14 | 苏州橙柳电子精密有限公司 | Method for detecting hardness of nickel coating of lithium battery cap |
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