CN104141095B - Engine high pressure common rail forging - Google Patents
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- CN104141095B CN104141095B CN201410397010.3A CN201410397010A CN104141095B CN 104141095 B CN104141095 B CN 104141095B CN 201410397010 A CN201410397010 A CN 201410397010A CN 104141095 B CN104141095 B CN 104141095B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of engine high pressure common rail forging, including the rail body of axial passage, and multiple radial passages of forging molding together with described rail body；The material of described forging be carbon content be the low-alloy steel of 0.36 ~ 0.43wt%, its tensile strength Rm is 980 ~ 1100 MPa, yield strength Re >=650 MPa, elongation after fracture A >=14%, contraction percentage of area Z >=55%.The engine high pressure common rail forging of the present invention, by forging and cooling technique, both ensure that rational metallographic structure state, and the product obtained has good mechanical integrated performance, and the tensile strength especially having excellence concurrently has again good working plasticity；And the forge hot course of processing is organically combined by its preparation process with the metallurgical process of heat treatment, avoid the post bake of Technology for Heating Processing, and process stability is high, not only significantly reduces energy consumption, also manufacturing cycle is greatly shortened, production cost is greatly lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to start mach technical field, it is more particularly related to a kind of sending out for automobile
Motivation high-pressure common rail forging.
Background technology
High pressure co-rail system drastically increases cornering ability and the discharge performance of automobile engine, along with emission aftertreatment
Technology and the progress of air-fuel ration control technology, no longer with sacrifice electromotor high thermal efficiency as cost, energy-saving and cost-reducing for realizing
It is significant with environmental conservation.In the high-strength material of high-pressure common rail, trace with the addition of Cr or Mo, V as required
Deng the alloy steel material of noble metal, and in order to ensure resistance to pressure, high-pressure common rail is typically requiring through normalizing after forge hot
Or the heat treatment such as annealing.
In the prior art, the fuel distribution tube being connected with Fuelinjection nozzle starts to be independent between each cylinder from pump
, in contrast, in common rail type diesel engine, the pipe arrangement being referred to as common rail is arranged between pump and injection valve, at this altogether
In rail, the fuel of the high pressure that pressure accumulation is sent here from pump pressure, dispenses fuel into the injection valve of each cylinder from here.At this joint-track type
In fuel injection system, by computer, from low-speed region to high-speed region, the opportunity of fuel injection amount or injection is carried out height
The control of precision, compared with conventional Diesel engine, it is possible to realize significantly exhaust gas cleaning degree, burnup performance, output
Improve and noise, vibration attenuating performance improve.Require and for peace and quiet to tackle the strictest exhaust emissions
Property improvement, burnup performance, the raising of output, advance common rail type diesel engine high-pressure injection while, to use
Fuel injection pipe in common rail requires there is higher resistance to pressure.After requiring heat treatment for this, Rm >=950MPa, Re >=600
MPa、A≥14%.Reaching above-mentioned to ask, analyze in theory from heat treatment, bainite and martensite transition zone to be avoided, at forging
Vertical and horizontal cross section on, it is achieved the uniformity of tissue.The most not only need for this to use price comparison to hold high
Expensive steel alloy, and when the condition of delivery it is generally required to use the Technology for Heating Processing of quenching+tempering；Or relatively advanced adopts
Use isothermal normalizing technique.But above two production technology, not only it is both needed to post bake, causes energy waste, take too much
Production equipment and human resources, and in some cases, comprehensive mechanical property requires also to be difficult to reach preferable state.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of engine high pressure altogether
Rail forging.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem and realize the purpose of the present invention, present invention employs techniques below scheme:
A kind of engine high pressure common rail forging, including the rail body of axial passage, and forging molding together with described rail body
Multiple radial passages；It is characterized in that: the material of described forging be carbon content be the low-alloy steel of 0.36 ~ 0.43wt%, and
Its tensile strength Rm is 980 ~ 1100 MPa, yield strength Re >=650 MPa, elongation after fracture A >=14%, contraction percentage of area Z >=
55%。
Wherein, in described low-alloy steel the content of C be the content of 0.30 ~ 0.35wt%, Si be 0.15 ~ 0.35wt%, Mn's
Content is that the content that the content that content is 0.35 ~ 0.50wt%, Mo is 0.12 ~ 0.18wt%, V of 0.65 ~ 0.85wt%, Cr is
The content of 0.15 ~ 0.20wt%, Ti be 0.010 ~ 0.025wt%, Al the content that content is 0.010 ~ 0.025wt%, Cu≤
Content≤the 0.010wt% of the content≤0.015wt% of the content≤0.20wt% of 0.20wt%, Ni, P, S, surplus is Fe and can not
The impurity avoided.
Wherein, the smelting process of described low-alloy steel is electric furnace+external refining+vacuum outgas.
Wherein, described forging is to utilize residual forging heat to carry out heat treatment, and final forging temperature >=850 DEG C of described forging,
And described heat treatment refers to sequentially pass through quickly cooling, the process of the gentle cooling working procedure of stable cooling.
Wherein, line temperature >=800 DEG C, outlet temperature≤250 DEG C are entered when carrying out heat treatment.
Wherein, described forging eases up through quickly cooling district, stable region the processing at the heat realized high-pressure common rail forging of cold-zone
Reason, and described forging axially the most vertical with forging direction of transfer when carrying out heat treatment.
Wherein, the process in the quickly cooling district of described forging refers to that forging temperature is down to 580～590 DEG C by >=800 DEG C, and the time is long
Degree is 2.5 ~ 3.0 min.
Wherein, the process of the stable region of described forging refers to that forging temperature is down to 450～470 DEG C by 580～590 DEG C, time
Between a length of 2.5 ~ 3.0 min.
Wherein, the process in the slow cooling district of described forging refers to that forging temperature is down to≤250 DEG C by 450～470 DEG C, and the time is long
Degree is 5.0 ~ 5.5 min.
Wherein, described forging eases up through quickly cooling district, stable region the processing at the heat realized high-pressure common rail forging of cold-zone
Reason, and described forging axially the most vertical with forging direction of transfer when carrying out heat treatment；Line temperature is entered when carrying out heat treatment
>=800 DEG C, outlet temperature≤250 DEG C；The process in the quickly cooling district of described forging refer to forging temperature by >=800 DEG C be down to 580～
590 DEG C, time span is 2.5 ~ 3.0 min；The process of the stable region of described forging refers to that forging temperature is by 580～590 DEG C of falls
To 450～470 DEG C, time span is 2.5 ~ 3.0 min；The process in the slow cooling district of described forging refer to forging temperature by 450～
Being down to≤250 DEG C for 470 DEG C, time span is 5.0 ~ 5.5 min.
Compared with prior art, engine high pressure common rail forging of the present invention has the advantages that
Engine high pressure common rail forging of the present invention, by forging and cooling technique, both ensure that rational metallographic group
Knitting state, the product obtained has good mechanical integrated performance, and the tensile strength especially having excellence concurrently has again good
Working plasticity；And the forge hot course of processing is organically combined by its preparation process with the metallurgical process of heat treatment, it is to avoid
The post bake of Technology for Heating Processing, and process stability is high, not only significantly reduces energy consumption, the manufacturing is also greatly shortened
In the cycle, production cost is greatly lowered.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of engine high pressure common rail forging of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the Technology for Heating Processing schematic diagram of the high-pressure common rail forging described in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of arrangement mode in Technology for Heating Processing of the high-pressure common rail forging described in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of temperature control process function division in Technology for Heating Processing of the high-pressure common rail forging described in embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the high-pressure common rail forging performance detection sample position described in embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation of the high-pressure common rail forging normalizing temperature described in comparative example 1 and mechanical performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to specific embodiment, engine high pressure common rail forging of the present invention is further elaborated, with
Help those skilled in the art that inventive concept, the technical scheme of the present invention are had more complete, accurate and deep understanding；Need
It is pointed out that in embodiment that the description about structure, function and material etc. all is characterized in that: exemplary.
As shown in Figure 1, engine high pressure common rail forging of the present invention, including the rail body of axial passage, Yi Jiyu
Multiple radial passages of described rail body forging molding together；The material of described forging be carbon content be the low conjunction of 0.36 ~ 0.43wt%
Jin Gang, in the most described low-alloy steel the content of C be the content of 0.30 ~ 0.35wt%, Si be 0.15 ~ 0.35wt%, Mn's
Content is that the content that the content that content is 0.35 ~ 0.50wt%, Mo is 0.12 ~ 0.18wt%, V of 0.65 ~ 0.85wt%, Cr is
The content of 0.15 ~ 0.20wt%, Ti be 0.010 ~ 0.025wt%, Al the content that content is 0.010 ~ 0.025wt%, Cu≤
Content≤the 0.010wt% of the content≤0.015wt% of the content≤0.20wt% of 0.20wt%, Ni, P, S, surplus is Fe and can not
The impurity avoided.The smelting process of described low-alloy steel is electric furnace+external refining+vacuum outgas.Described forging through quickly cooling district,
Stable region processing of cold-zone of easing up realizes heat treatment to high-pressure common rail forging, and the axle of described forging when carrying out heat treatment
To vertical with forging direction of transfer；Line temperature >=800 DEG C, outlet temperature≤250 DEG C are entered when carrying out heat treatment；Described forging
The process in quickly cooling district refers to that forging temperature is down to 580～590 DEG C by >=800 DEG C, and time span is 2.5 ~ 3.0 min；Described forging
The process of the stable region of part refers to that forging temperature is down to 450～470 DEG C by 580～590 DEG C, and time span is 2.5 ~ 3.0 min；
The process in the slow cooling district of described forging refers to that forging temperature is down to≤250 DEG C by 450～470 DEG C, and time span is 5.0 ~ 5.5
min.Through above-mentioned heat treatment, tensile strength Rm of engine high pressure common rail forging of the present invention is 980 ~ 1100 MPa,
Yield strength Re >=650 MPa, elongation after fracture A >=14%, contraction percentage of area Z >=55%.
Embodiment 1
Engine high pressure common rail forging described in the present embodiment, including the rail body of axial passage, and with described rail body one
Play multiple radial passages of forging molding；The material of described forging is low-alloy steel, and in the most described low-alloy steel, C's contains
Amount is 0.35wt% for the content of 0.30wt%, Si, and the content of Mn is 0.72wt%, and the content of Cr is 0.44wt%, and the content of Mo is
The content of 0.15wt%, V is that the content that the content that content is 0.015wt%, Al is 0.015wt%, Ni of 0.16wt%, Ti is
The content of 0.12wt%, P be the content of 0.012wt%, S be 0.010wt%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.Described low conjunction
The smelting process of Jin Gang uses the method for electric furnace+external refining+vacuum outgas to prepare.Described forging through quickly cooling district, steady
Determine district's processing of cold-zone of easing up and realize heat treatment to high-pressure common rail forging.When carrying out heat treatment, square according to the rules before entering line
Formula and Horizontal density variation require to put the step of forging, with forging beat, according to entering line disposing way shown in Fig. 3: forging
Length is put to perpendicular with the transmission chain direction of motion；Within every 17～25 seconds, discharge one.Rotate with chain, by entrance curtain,
Enter quickly cooling district；Described control, into line temperature, enters line temperature >=800 DEG C, it is possible to use ultralow temperature forging rejected by infrared radiation thermometer；
Certified products enter line.For ensure high-pressure common rail fine forge piece minimum enter line temperature, and lead to related check after guaranteeing cold treatment
Energy requirement, it is stipulated that use 350KW intermediate frequency heating, it is stipulated that Forge Heating temperature controlling range 1200～1250 DEG C, final forging temperature
It is not less than 850 DEG C；As shown in Figures 2 and 4, in quickly cooling district, in district, temperature range is by PLC program control, fire box temperature 40 DEG C, heating
Device one assist control fire box temperature, forging temperature is down to 580 DEG C by >=800 DEG C, time span 2.75 minutes, air-introduced machine 1,
Enter natural wind, frequency 21Hz；Air-introduced machine 2 15, discharges hot blast, frequency 21Hz；In stable region, district, temperature range is by PLC program
Controlling, fire box temperature 40 DEG C, heater two assist control fire box temperature, forging temperature is down to 460 DEG C by being down to 580 DEG C, the time
Length 2.75 minutes, air-introduced machine 3 22 and air-introduced machine 4 25 are generally closed, when temperature tends to beyond regulation
In the range of, automatically start, air inducing in air-introduced machine three-dimensional district；The outside air draft of air-introduced machine four, until reaching normal condition；Described control
Slow cooling district technological parameter: refer to that forging enters slow cooling district 30, in district, temperature range is by PLC program control, fire box temperature 40 DEG C, heating
Device two assist control fire box temperature, forging temperature is down to≤250 DEG C by being down to 460 DEG C, time span 5.5 minutes, air-introduced machine five
32 discharge hot blast, frequency 15Hz；Air-introduced machine 6 35 enters natural wind, frequency 15Hz；Described outlet temperature controls: forging temperature≤
250 DEG C, naturally it is down to room temperature, falls into forging basket.The Equipment for Heating Processing general power used in the present embodiment is less than 140KW,
Average every order of classes or grades at school can process high-pressure common rail 1.5 tons, is equivalent to heat treatment cost 560 yuan/ton；Isothermal normalizing, Q-tempering are then
Respectively more than 800 yuan/ton, 1000 yuan/ton.Only this item, it becomes possible to reduce cost more than 1/3rd；As it is shown in figure 5, position
1 and position 2 be metallographic detection profile position, position 3 is hardness determination profile position, and position 4 is tensile bar sample position.Warp
The forging of this case verification, case hardness meansigma methods HB is 280 ~ 320；Section hardness HV10, metallographic structure is pearlite+ferrum element
Body, tensile strength Rm is 980 more than MPa, and yield strength Re is 650 more than MPa, and elongation at break A is 16 ~ 20%, and section is received
Shrinkage Z >=55%.
Embodiment 2
Engine high pressure common rail forging described in the present embodiment, including the rail body of axial passage, and with described rail body one
Play multiple radial passages of forging molding；The material of described forging is low-alloy steel, and in the most described low-alloy steel, C's contains
Amount is 0.25wt% for the content of 0.35wt%, Si, and the content of Mn is 0.85wt%, and the content of Cr is 0.48wt%, and the content of Mo is
The content of 0.18wt%, V is that the content that the content that content is 0.015wt%, Al is 0.015wt%, Ni of 0.18wt%, Ti is
The content of 0.12wt%, P be the content of 0.012wt%, S be 0.010wt%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.Described low conjunction
The smelting process of Jin Gang uses the method for electric furnace+external refining+vacuum outgas to prepare.Described forging through quickly cooling district, steady
Determine district's processing of cold-zone of easing up and realize heat treatment to high-pressure common rail forging.When carrying out heat treatment, square according to the rules before entering line
Formula and Horizontal density variation require to put the step of forging, with forging beat, according to entering line disposing way shown in Fig. 3: forging
Length is put to perpendicular with the transmission chain direction of motion；Within every 17～25 seconds, discharge one.Rotate with chain, by entrance curtain,
Enter quickly cooling district；Described control, into line temperature, enters line temperature >=800 DEG C, it is possible to use ultralow temperature forging rejected by infrared radiation thermometer；
Certified products enter line.For ensure high-pressure common rail fine forge piece minimum enter line temperature, and lead to related check after guaranteeing cold treatment
Energy requirement, it is stipulated that use 350KW intermediate frequency heating, it is stipulated that Forge Heating temperature controlling range 1200～1250 DEG C, final forging temperature
It is not less than 850 DEG C；As shown in Figures 2 and 4, in quickly cooling district, in district, temperature range is by PLC program control, fire box temperature 40 DEG C, heating
Device one assist control fire box temperature, forging temperature is down to 580 DEG C by >=800 DEG C, time span 2.75 minutes, air-introduced machine 1,
Enter natural wind, frequency 21Hz；Air-introduced machine 2 15, discharges hot blast, frequency 21Hz；In stable region, district, temperature range is by PLC program
Controlling, fire box temperature 40 DEG C, heater two assist control fire box temperature, forging temperature is down to 460 DEG C by being down to 580 DEG C, the time
Length 2.75 minutes, air-introduced machine 3 22 and air-introduced machine 4 25 are generally closed, when temperature tends to beyond regulation
In the range of, automatically start, air inducing in air-introduced machine three-dimensional district；The outside air draft of air-introduced machine four, until reaching normal condition；Described control
Slow cooling district technological parameter: refer to that forging enters slow cooling district 30, in district, temperature range is by PLC program control, fire box temperature 40 DEG C, heating
Device two assist control fire box temperature, forging temperature is down to≤250 DEG C by being down to 460 DEG C, time span 5.5 minutes, air-introduced machine five
32 discharge hot blast, frequency 15Hz；Air-introduced machine 6 35 enters natural wind, frequency 15Hz；Described outlet temperature controls: forging temperature≤
250 DEG C, naturally it is down to room temperature, falls into forging basket.The Equipment for Heating Processing general power used in the present embodiment is less than 140KW,
Average every order of classes or grades at school can process high-pressure common rail 1.5 tons, is equivalent to heat treatment cost 560 yuan/ton；Isothermal normalizing, Q-tempering are then
Respectively more than 800 yuan/ton, 1000 yuan/ton.Only this item, it becomes possible to reduce cost more than 1/3rd；As it is shown in figure 5, position
1 and position 2 be metallographic detection profile position, position 3 is hardness determination profile position, and position 4 is tensile bar sample position.Warp
The forging of this case verification, case hardness meansigma methods HB is 280 ~ 320；Section hardness HV10, metallographic structure is pearlite+ferrum element
Body, tensile strength Rm is 1020 more than MPa, and yield strength Re is 660 more than MPa, and elongation at break A is 14 ~ 18%, section
Shrinkage factor Z >=55%.
Comparative example 1
The high-pressure common rail forging of material same as in Example 2, Forging Technology regulation is used to use 350KW intermediate frequency heating,
Regulation Forge Heating temperature controlling range 1200～1250 DEG C, final forging temperature is not less than 860 DEG C.As different from Example 1
Using isothermal normalizing of the prior art and annealing process to carry out heat treatment, wherein the temperature range of isothermal normalizing is 900 ~ 1150
DEG C, the retention time is 250 seconds；Forging after annealing refers to normalizing is heated to 650 DEG C, then cools down with the speed of 10 DEG C/minute
To room temperature.The mechanical performance of the high-pressure common rail forging after this heat treatment is as shown in table 6.Strong according to the tension represented by table 6
Degree Rm, yield strength Re, elongation percentage A and hardness HB with the relation curve of normalizing temperature it can be seen that use of the present invention
Alloy steel material by normalizing+annealing process conventional in prior art, be difficult to meet the tension of high-pressure common rail forging simultaneously
Intensity Rm and the index of fracture elongation performance.
For the ordinary skill in the art, the present invention is simply exemplarily described by specific embodiment,
Obviously the present invention implements and is not subject to the restrictions described above, as long as the method design that have employed the present invention is entered with technical scheme
The improvement of various unsubstantialities of row, or the most improved design by the present invention and technical scheme directly apply to other occasion
, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an engine high pressure common rail forging, including the rail body of axial passage, and forging molding together with described rail body
Multiple radial passages；It is characterized in that: the material of described forging be carbon content be the low-alloy steel of 0.36 ~ 0.43wt%, and its
Tensile strength Rm is 980 ~ 1100 MPa, yield strength Re >=650 MPa, elongation after fracture A >=14%, contraction percentage of area Z >=
55%；Described forging through quickly cooling district, stable region processing of cold-zone of easing up realize heat treatment to high-pressure common rail forging, and
Carry out the most vertical with forging direction of transfer of described forging during heat treatment；Enter line temperature >=800 DEG C when carrying out heat treatment, go out
Line temperature≤250 DEG C；The process in the quickly cooling district of described forging refers to that forging temperature is down to 580～590 DEG C by >=800 DEG C, the time
A length of 2.5 ~ 3.0 min；The process of the stable region of described forging refers to that forging temperature is down to 450～470 by 580～590 DEG C
DEG C, time span is 2.5 ~ 3.0 min；The process in the slow cooling district of described forging refer to forging temperature by 450～470 DEG C be down to≤
250 DEG C, time span is 5.0 ~ 5.5 min.
Engine high pressure common rail forging the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the content of C in described low-alloy steel
Be the content that the content that content is 0.15 ~ 0.35wt%, Mn is 0.65 ~ 0.85wt%, Cr of 0.30 ~ 0.35wt%, Si be 0.35 ~
The content of 0.50wt%, Mo be the content that content is 0.15 ~ 0.20wt%, Ti of 0.12 ~ 0.18wt%, V be 0.010 ~
The content of 0.025wt%, Al is the content≤0.20wt% of 0.010 ~ 0.025wt%, Cu, and the content≤0.20wt% of Ni, P contains
Content≤the 0.010wt% of amount≤0.015wt%, S, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Engine high pressure common rail forging the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the smelting process of described low-alloy steel
Operation including electric furnace steel making, external refining and vacuum outgas.
Engine high pressure common rail forging the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described forging is to utilize residual forging heat
Carry out heat treatment, and final forging temperature >=850 DEG C of described forging.
Engine high pressure common rail forging the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: enter line temperature when carrying out heat treatment
>=800 DEG C, outlet temperature≤250 DEG C.
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| CN108339912A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-31 | 昆山正大新成精密锻造有限公司 | A kind of production method of stainless steel high-pressure common rail |
| CN110551934B (en) * | 2019-09-07 | 2021-01-01 | 张家港海锅新能源装备股份有限公司 | Method for producing marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover raw material by using S20CrMoVS material |
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| CN100557227C (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-11-04 | 无锡威孚高科技股份有限公司 | The combined rail that is used for high pressure co-rail system |
| FR2931166B1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2010-12-31 | Arcelormittal Gandrange | STEEL FOR HOT FORGE WITH HIGH MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PRODUCTS |
| JP5483859B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2014-05-07 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | Processed product of high-strength steel excellent in hardenability and manufacturing method thereof, and manufacturing method of fuel injection pipe and common rail for diesel engine excellent in high strength, impact resistance and internal pressure fatigue resistance |
| KR101218849B1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2013-01-09 | 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 | Process for producing common rail, and common rail |
| CN202468115U (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-10-03 | 山东鑫亚工业股份有限公司 | Symmetrical integral high-pressure common rail pipe |
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