CN104135300A - Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device and switching receiving method - Google Patents
Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device and switching receiving method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device. The Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device comprises an antenna array, a multi-channel switching array and a main control module, wherein the antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna array elements for receiving Ku waveband signals; the multi-channel switching array is connected with the output of the antenna array, and comprises a plurality of switching layers formed hierarchically; each hierarchy of switching layer comprises a plurality of shift switches; the shift switches of each hierarchy of switching layer are used for combining two paths of channels output by a higher hierarchy of switching layer into one path of channel for outputting; and the main control module is communicated with each shift switch respectively, and is used for selecting and controlling a part of channels in the multi-channel switching array to be opened or closed. Channels for receiving Ku-waveband radio frequency signals are gated through the multi-channel switching array, so that certain channels can be specified to be in open states according to a set switching frequency, and meanwhile the remaining channels are in closed states.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio-frequency technique field, be specifically related to a kind of Ku wave band multichannel and switch receiving system and switch method of reseptance.
Background technology
In the gatherer process of array antenna receiving system and signal, we wish that the antenna in this array is not to open simultaneously or cut out, but according to our desired mode, open or close specific bay.Such as for a linear array, we wish that this array at a time starts to open first array element, constantly close current array element and open next array element simultaneously, or specifying sometime some passage open simultaneously or close at next.This just need to control to realize by a multichannel switching matrix.When receiving, the residing frequency of signal is very high, and during such as Ku wave band, the Insertion Loss of whole receive path, gain control, passage consistency and power managed etc. just seem extremely important.
More existing Multichannel switching apparatus are as " the multi-channel A/D conversion device " (patent No.: 200620123567.9) multichannel analog signals of input can be selected, and selection Yi road analog signal is completed to analog-to-digital conversion by controlling sample circuit.Yet this device can only carry out gating and sampling to voltage signal, and is not suitable for radio frequency microwave circuit.
Another kind of channel selection device " the signal channel selection control circuit " (patent No.: 03259742) by key switch control channel gating, can not accurately control it according to certain frequency switching channel in turn.
The port number that at present Ku waveband radio frequency multichannel switches receiving system is generally 2,4,6 etc., maximum is 16 passages, requirement to power supply, phase equalization is not high, but in some application scenario, port number may reach tens and even up to a hundred, and also very high to the requirement of power supply, phase equalization.There is no at present this multichannel switching receiving system.
Therefore, provide a kind of radio frequency multichannel of the Ku of being applicable to wave band to switch receiving system in fact for necessary.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Ku wave band multichannel and switch receiving system and switch method of reseptance, realize in receiving the process of ku band signal, specified portions passage is in opening, and remaining passage, in closed condition, is saved energy consumption simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of Ku wave band multichannel and switch receiving system, be characterized in, it comprises:
Aerial array, it comprises for receiving some bays of Ku band signal;
Multichannel switching array, it comprises the switching layer that some levels arrange, and is respectively: the input layer of cascade, some intermediate layers and output layer successively; Every grade of switching layer includes some diverter switches; In described intermediate layer, the diverter switch of every one-level switching layer is merged into a road output by the two paths of its upper level switching layer output, and controls the break-make of this road output; In described input layer, each paths of diverter switch input respectively with corresponding connections of each bay of aerial array, the passage of adjacent two-way input is merged into a road and exports, and control the break-make that export on this road; In described output layer, diverter switch is merged into a road output by the passage of adjacent two-way input, and controls the break-make of this road output;
Main control module, it communicates to connect respectively each diverter switch, by diverter switch, is selected and is controlled part passage in multichannel switching array in opening or closing.
Between above-mentioned input layer and intermediate layer, be provided with low noise amplifier.
Between above-mentioned intermediate layer and output layer, be provided with low noise amplifier.
Above-mentioned Ku wave band multichannel switches receiving system and also includes energy supply control module, its respectively circuit connect each low noise amplifier in each paths, control respectively low noise amplifier in each paths in power supply close, normal power supply or power in advance.
Above-mentioned main control module adopts field programmable gate array.
The multichannel that above-mentioned Ku wave band multichannel switches receiving system switches a method of reseptance, is characterized in, the method comprises:
Aerial array receives Ku band signal and exports multichannel switching array to;
Main control module need to be selected the passage of opening according to user, control the diverter switch conducting in the selected passage of opening; Diverter switch in the not selected passage of opening remains open.
When the non-selected passage of above-mentioned main control module is opened, energy supply control module is not to the passage of non-selected unlatching and the power supply of low noise amplifier wherein;
When main control module is selected the passage of unlatching, energy supply control module is powered to this passage and low noise amplifier wherein.
The method of supplying power to of above-mentioned energy supply control module includes the adjacent power supply mode of operation that conducting also circulates successively, comprise: power supply electrifying is stablized and is about rising edge 300us transit time, during use, during system boot, first open the power supply of top five to ten paths, after 300us, start to transmit, while often carrying out a pulse-recurrence time, close the power supply in that a-road-through road the earliest, and open that adjacent a-road-through road power supply, loop down.
After above-mentioned multichannel switching array output Ku band signal, carry out back end signal processing.
Above-mentioned back end signal pack processing contains: the phase difference of each channel receiving signal and amplitude are proofreaied and correct and made it consistent, then carry out imaging.
The Ku band signal acquisition technique of Ku wave band multichannel switching receiving system of the present invention and switching method of reseptance and prior art is compared, its advantage is, the present invention is by multichannel switching array, to receiving the passage of Ku waveband radio frequency signal, carry out gating, realization is according to set switching frequency, specify some passage in opening, remaining passage is in closed condition simultaneously;
The present invention is provided with low noise amplifier, and noise-reduction coefficient guarantees signal gain;
The present invention is provided with energy supply control module, can select part passage to power, and avoids bulk supply power consumption excessive.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that Ku wave band multichannel of the present invention switches receiving system;
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of main control module of the present invention and diverter switch.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further illustrate specific embodiments of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, for a kind of Ku wave band multichannel, switch the embodiment of receiving system.Its bandwidth of operation is 200MHz, and in band, gain conformity error is better than 3dB, and in band, phase equalization is better than 2 °.This device comprises: the multichannel switching array 200 of aerial array 100 and electric connection aerial array 100 outputs.
In the present embodiment, aerial array 100 includes 64 bays 101, and each bay 101 is as the receive path that is used for receiving Ku band signal.
Multichannel switching array 200 includes the switching layer that six levels arrange, and is respectively: the first order radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 210 of cascade, second level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 220, third level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 230, fourth stage radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 240, level V radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250 and the 6th grade of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260 successively.In first order radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 210, include 32 diverter switches, second level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 220 includes 16 diverter switches, third level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 230 includes 8 diverter switches, fourth stage radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 240 includes 4 diverter switches, level V radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250 includes 2 diverter switches, and the 6th grade of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260 includes a diverter switch.
In the present embodiment, what diverter switch adopted is the radio frequency converting switch of single-pole double throw.Each diverter switch input two paths, output a-road-through road; By 210 to the 6th grades of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260 of first order radio-frequency (RF) switch layer, the diverter switch of every one-level switching layer is merged into the output of a-road-through road by the two paths of its upper level switching layer output.
32 diverter switches in first order radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 210, the input termination two-way receive path of each diverter switch, 32 diverter switch Gong Jie 64 road receive paths, Gai64 road receive path is connected respectively to 64 bays 101 in aerial array 100; Output is exported 32 radio-frequency channels, tunnel, and Jiang64 road receive path is divided into 32 groups.
16 diverter switches of second level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 220, the two radio-frequency channels of input termination first order radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 210 output of each diverter switch, 16 diverter switch Gong Jie 32 radio-frequency channels, tunnel; Output is exported 16 radio-frequency channels, tunnel.
8 diverter switches of third level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 230, the two radio-frequency channels of input termination second level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 220 output of each diverter switch, 8 diverter switch Gong Jie 16 radio-frequency channels, tunnel; Output is exported 8 radio-frequency channels, tunnel.
4 diverter switches of fourth stage radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 240, the two radio-frequency channels of input termination third level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 230 output of each diverter switch, 4 diverter switches connect 8 radio-frequency channels, tunnel altogether; Output is exported 4 radio-frequency channels, tunnel.
2 diverter switches of level V radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250, the two radio-frequency channels of input termination fourth stage radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 240 output of each diverter switch, 2 diverter switches connect 4 radio-frequency channels, tunnel altogether; Output is exported 2 radio-frequency channels, tunnel.
1 diverter switch of the 6th grade of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260, the two radio-frequency channels of input termination level V radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250 output of each diverter switch; Output is exported a radio-frequency channel, road.The output of Gai Yi road is the output of multichannel switching array 200.
Between first order radio-frequency (RF) switch floor 210 and second level radio-frequency (RF) switch floor 220, in radio-frequency channel, 32 road, each road is all provided with a first order low noise amplifier 310(LNA), carry out to received signal low noise amplification, and guarantee that each receive path phase place is consistent.It is NC1075C-1015 chip that this first order low noise amplifier 310 is selected model.NC1075C-1015 chip adopts Low-noise GaAs technique, and specific targets are as follows: 1) frequency range: 10 GHz ~ 15 GHz; 2) noise factor
f n: 1.7 dB; 3) typical gains G:28 dB; 4) 1 dB compression point power output :+11 dBm; 5) input, output VSWR: 1.6/1.6; 6) operating voltage :+5V; 7) maximum operating currenbt: 50mA.
In two radio-frequency channels between level V radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250 and the 6th grade of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260, each road is all provided with a second level low noise amplifier 320, improves signal to noise ratio.It is NC1075C-1015 chip that this second level low noise amplifier 320 is selected model equally.
In the present embodiment, multichannel switching array 200 needs to use six grades of totally 63 diverter switches altogether, 34 low noise amplifiers, single channel passage has the low noise amplifier of secondary overall gain G=56 dB, the diverter switch of six grades of insertion loss L=1, transmission line line length is about 702 mm, transmission line line loss approximately 10 dB, and chip interconnect line loss consumes approximately 20 dB.Passage overall gain is about: G=56-6 * 1-10-20=20 (dB).
Multichannel switching array 200 is as radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit, and the micro-band plate of radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit is used ROGERS 5880 base materials, DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε=2.2, and loss tangent is that the insertion loss of the long microstrip line of 0.0009,100mm is about 2dB.
Further, the diverter switch that Ku wave band multichannel switches in receiving system can move splicing according to specific requirement, and according to using the quantity that needs to increase or reduce bay, diverter switch.
Due to switching channel number more (the present embodiment Zhong Wei 64 tunnels), for the response real-time that guarantees to switch, need some passage in power supply state, but this can bring whole power consumption excessive, Ku wave band multichannel therefore disclosed in this invention switches receiving system and is also provided with energy supply control module, and energy supply control module adopts NC1075C-1015 chip, and operating voltage is+5V, operating current is 50 mA, and the NC1075C-1015 chip of adjacent 8 radio-frequency channels can share a voltage stabilizing chip LT1129-5.The voltage stabilizing time of LT1129-5 is less than 500 μ s, and during work, LT1129-5 can shift to an earlier date 500 μ s and do voltage stabilizing preparation.Energy supply control module respectively circuit is connected to each low noise amplifier of each radio-frequency channel, road, according to the job requirement of conducting radio-frequency channel, control respectively low noise amplifier in each radio-frequency channel, road in power supply close, normal power supply state or armed state, owing to powering on, stablize and need the time, so need to power in advance, armed state is power-up state in advance herein.
As shown in Figure 2, Ku wave band multichannel disclosed in this invention switches receiving system and also includes main control module 400, and main control module 400 adopts field programmable gate array (FPGA).FPGA have Change In Design flexibly, I/O aboundresources, be good at the feature that parallel signal is processed, therefore, the controlling of sampling module of using FPGA to realize can meet the requirement that multi-channel high-speed gathers.
3 kinds of mode of operations in main control module 400, have been designed, the first is to use while normally working collection signal, for receiving after the triggering of an a string binary coding order of starting working of outside input according to the certain order of certain frequency, for example according to the time interval of 100us, from left to right switch successively, after completing, enter holding state and wait for the mode next time triggering, gating a-road-through road, triggering signal and work order are all provided by outside, triggering signal is impulse form, Transistor-Transistor Logic level, FPGA unit in this device starts to carry out switch operating when the rising edge of the trigger impulse that outside provides being detected, triggering signal is inputted by bus.Work order is that the form with Transistor-Transistor Logic level is input in this device by bus.
The second is used while being debugging calibration troubleshooting, is passage maintenance that after receiving external trigger, fetch channel selection instruction gating is corresponding, and the next one triggers the passage that fetch channel selection instruction gating is corresponding again and keeps by the time, with this, circulates.
The third uses during for System Functional Test, starts to read gating instruction and open corresponding passage with certain frequency after receiving triggering.The signal that the passage of gating is received corresponding reception antenna by the signaling interface on rear face plate is exported, and is set to K type interface in this example.Its upper cover plate is fixed by screw and box body, can open on demand, is convenient to debugging.Its place ahead panel is welded with 64 Microstrip Receiving Antenna and each 4 redundant antennas of left and right.In its extension area, rear, power supply and control circuit are housed, by the bus on rear face plate extension area and signaling interface, externally connect, in this example, bus is selected DB25 interface, and clock signal is selected SMA interface.
Main control module 400 circuit of output terminal are connected with switch drive chip 500, switch drive chip 500 is selected the MADR-010574 of MA-COM company, main control module 400 reads in 12 bit controls data, the pressurizer (voltage stabilizing chip LT1129-5) of controlling respective radio-frequency passage enables, and give a switch drive chip 500 by 1 bit control signal, switch drive chip 500 produces switch bias current, exports corresponding diverter switch to, completes the break-make of corresponding diverter switch.
In diverter switch, be provided with switch chip, for receiving key, drive the switch bias current of chip 500 outputs, to drive diverter switch open or close.Switch chip is selected NC1667C-618 chip, and its specific targets are as follows: 1) frequency range: 6 GHz ~ 18 GHz; 2) insertion loss L:<0.6 dB; 3) isolation: >55 dB; 4) RF biasing networks form is built-in; 5) standing wave: 1.3.
To sum up, in the present embodiment, the total technical index of disclosed Ku wave band multichannel switching receiving system is as follows: 1) working frequency range and bandwidth: Ku wave band, bandwidth 200MHz; 2) switch way: 64; 3) gain: >16 dB; 4) isolation: >30 dB; 5) standing-wave ratio: <1.5; 6) noise factor: <6 dB; 7) switching controls mode: FPGA and switch (microwave equipment provides control signal and synchronizing signal); 8) switching controls frequency: adjustable (sequence circuit combination is controlled); 9) phase equalization error: <2 ° in band; 10) maximal input requires: <-40dBm; 11) working temperature :-20 ° of C ~+70 ° C; 12) array element interval: 20 mm.
The shell of a kind of Ku wave band of the present invention multichannel switching receiving system is seen a similar cuboid from profile, and there is an extension area at rear.Device front portion is antenna stationary plane, antenna can be welded on this face, guarantees the stability of antenna.The extension area of having taken back, device rear middle part, its inside is power supply and main control module.On the rear face plate of this extension area, have two interfaces, one of them is bus hub, and its effect can provide voltage for power supply, provide instruction input for control circuit; Another is signal plug, and its effect can provide stable clock source for control circuit.On device rear face plate, also have a signal plug, its effect is that gating Na mono-tunnel microwave signal is exported to the radio-frequency transmitter of rear end.Device side has 8 installing holes, and there are 6 installing holes centre, can and hang for experiment and fly to provide fixedly approach.
It is radio-frequency channel that Ku wave band multichannel switches receiving system inside, and radio-frequency channel is connected to form by microwave cavity and microwave cable, during can add diverter switch and low noise amplifier select required radio-frequency channel and guarantee signal gain.Because cavity path and length of cable are all fixed value, so the time delay of microwave in each channel transfer process is fixed value.Because receive path is inner at described device, and device is all-metal sealing material, and device has good Electro Magnetic Compatibility and prevents the ability of microwave leakage.
The time delay of each bay 101 corresponding path of aerial array 100 is a fixed value, guarantees that antenna is firm, has good Electro Magnetic Compatibility, and time delay is that a fixed value guarantees that the time delay of each passage fixes, and when reality is tested, measures.For example the time delay of first passage is 20ns, and the time delay of second passage is 35ns, etc.The time delay of each passage is not identical is what it doesn't matter, as long as guarantee, fixes.
There is redundant antenna design the both sides of device front antenna stationary plane, except the corresponding antenna in radio-frequency channel, also has several antennas welding position, the edge effect of linear array antenna in the middle of this design can suppress effectively, guarantees that the backward energy that each antenna reception arrives is consistent.
On device, put cover plate and be fixedly connected with by screw with main body, can dismantle if desired so that maintain internal device.
The present invention also discloses the multichannel switching method of reseptance that a kind of Ku wave band multichannel switches receiving system, and the method includes the steps of:
Step 1, aerial array 100 receive Ku band signal and export multichannel switching array 200 to.
Step 2, main control module 400 are selected the radio-frequency channel of opening as required, control the whole conductings of diverter switch set in this radio-frequency channel, and the diverter switch in the receive path of not selecting to open remains open.
In the present embodiment according to device user's requirement, by main control module 400, programming realizes the automatic switchover of switch or the passage of dedicated tunnel.Have three kinds of mode of operations to be respectively automatic operation mode, trigger mode of operation, debug mode of operation, device user sends mode of operation instruction and channel selecting instruction by external control devices to diverter switch.
First outside line is connected completely, checks that connection powers on after correct, model machine by clock signal by SMA mouth input main control module 400(FPGA), at this moment FPGA starts to wait for work order.Upper computer end arranges mode of operation, selector channel and setting trigger rate and by serial ports, sends to the sequential version of model machine, sequential version changes into level signal by the instruction of receiving and sends to FPGA by DB25 bus, FPGA is read work mode signal first, switch to after corresponding modes etc. to be triggeredly, fetch channel selects information control switch to complete the break-make of passage.
This Ku wave band multichannel switches receiving system and adopts energy supply control module, when open non-selected some or some radio-frequency channel of main control module 400, energy supply control module is controlled not to the radio-frequency channel of those non-selected unlatchings and low noise amplifier wherein, be first order low noise amplifier 31 and second level low noise amplifier 320, power supply.And when main control module 400 is selected the receive path of unlatching, the radio-frequency channel that energy supply control module is opened this selection and low noise amplifier are wherein powered.
The method of supplying power to of energy supply control module includes multiple-working mode, and mode of operation is after user program in burned FPGA.Burned different program realizes different switching modes as required.Power supply is controlled by FPGA equally, in order to guarantee to switch smoothness, generally need to power on in advance next Huo Xiaji road, road.
Below illustrate a kind of adjacent power supply mode of operation of conducting circulation successively, it specifically comprises: power supply electrifying is stablized and is about rising edge 300us transit time, refers to stable transit time and arrives from power on the needed time of current stabilization.During use, during system boot, first open top Wu Zhi ten power supplys corresponding to radio-frequency channel, tunnel, after 300us, start to transmit, while often carrying out a pulse-recurrence time (PRT), close the power supply of Na mono-radio-frequency channel, tunnel the earliest, and open the power supply of adjacent Na mono-radio-frequency channel, tunnel, loop down.
After step 3, multichannel switching array output Ku band signal, carry out back end signal processing.The phase error inconsistent for compensation chips and technique assembling causes.Back end signal pack processing contains: the processing after signals collecting on host computer is mainly to the phase difference of each channel receiving signal and amplitude is inconsistent proofreaies and correct, and then carries out imaging.
Although content of the present invention has been done detailed introduction by above preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.Those skilled in the art, read after foregoing, for multiple modification of the present invention with to substitute will be all apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Ku wave band multichannel switches a receiving system, it is characterized in that, it comprises:
Aerial array, it comprises for receiving some bays of Ku band signal;
Multichannel switching array, it comprises the switching layer that some levels arrange, and is respectively: the input layer of cascade, some intermediate layers and output layer successively; Every grade of switching layer includes some diverter switches; In described intermediate layer, the diverter switch of every one-level switching layer is merged into a road output by the two paths of its upper level switching layer output, and controls the break-make of this road output; In described input layer, each paths of diverter switch input respectively with corresponding connections of each bay of aerial array, the passage of adjacent two-way input is merged into a road and exports, and control the break-make that export on this road; In described output layer, diverter switch is merged into a road output by the passage of adjacent two-way input, and controls the break-make of this road output;
Main control module, it communicates to connect respectively each diverter switch, by diverter switch, is selected and is controlled part passage in multichannel switching array in opening or closing.
2. Ku wave band multichannel as claimed in claim 1 switches receiving system, it is characterized in that, between described input layer and intermediate layer, is provided with low noise amplifier.
3. Ku wave band multichannel as claimed in claim 1 or 2 switches receiving system, it is characterized in that, between described intermediate layer and output layer, is provided with low noise amplifier.
4. Ku wave band multichannel as claimed in claim 3 switches receiving system, it is characterized in that, described Ku wave band multichannel switches receiving system and also includes energy supply control module, its respectively circuit connect each low noise amplifier in each paths, control respectively low noise amplifier in each paths in power supply close, normal power supply or power in advance.
5. Ku wave band multichannel as claimed in claim 1 switches receiving system, it is characterized in that, described main control module adopts field programmable gate array.
6. as described in any one claim in claim 1 to 5, the multichannel of Ku wave band multichannel switching receiving system switches a method of reseptance, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Aerial array receives Ku band signal and exports multichannel switching array to;
Main control module need to be selected the passage of opening according to user, control the diverter switch conducting in the selected passage of opening; Diverter switch in the not selected passage of opening remains open.
7. multichannel as claimed in claim 6 switches method of reseptance, it is characterized in that, when the non-selected passage of described main control module is opened, energy supply control module is not to the passage of non-selected unlatching and the power supply of low noise amplifier wherein;
When main control module is selected the passage of unlatching, energy supply control module is powered to this passage and low noise amplifier wherein.
8. multichannel as claimed in claim 6 switches method of reseptance, it is characterized in that, the method of supplying power to of described energy supply control module includes the adjacent power supply mode of operation that conducting also circulates successively, comprise: power supply electrifying is stablized and is about rising edge 300us transit time, during use, during system boot, first open the power supply of top five to ten paths, after 300us, start to transmit, while often carrying out a pulse-recurrence time, close the power supply in that a-road-through road the earliest, and open that adjacent a-road-through road power supply, loop down.
9. multichannel as claimed in claim 6 switches method of reseptance, it is characterized in that, after described multichannel switching array output Ku band signal, carries out back end signal processing.
10. multichannel as claimed in claim 9 switches method of reseptance, it is characterized in that, described back end signal pack processing contains: the phase difference of each channel receiving signal and amplitude are proofreaied and correct and made it consistent, then carry out imaging.
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