CN104134599A - Inductive output tube with double-gap output cavity - Google Patents
Inductive output tube with double-gap output cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN104134599A CN104134599A CN201410354035.5A CN201410354035A CN104134599A CN 104134599 A CN104134599 A CN 104134599A CN 201410354035 A CN201410354035 A CN 201410354035A CN 104134599 A CN104134599 A CN 104134599A
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Abstract
The invention provides an inductive output tube with a double-gap output cavity. The inductive output tube comprises an input system, the double-gap output cavity and a collector electrode, wherein the input system is provided with an input cavity, and used for performing density modulation on an electron beam by utilizing an outside input microwave; the double-gap output cavity is separated from the input cavity by a front space wall; the electron beam subjected to the density modulation performs energy exchange in the double-gap output cavity; generated high-frequency energy is output outside; and the collector electrode is separated from the double-gap output cavity by a rear space wall, and used for collecting residual electrons after the energy exchange. Compared with an inductive output tube with a single-gap outlet cavity, the inductive output tube adopts the double-gap outlet cavity, so that the power, the gain and the bandwidth of the inductive output tube can be improved to a greater extent, and the inductive output tube can operate more stably and reliably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vacuum technology field, relate in particular to a kind of inductive output tube with Double-gap output cavity.
Background technology
In the television transmitter family of UHF wave band, except ceramic tube ripe and that use the earliest, the klystron of updating to raise the efficiency, and outside the high reliability all solid-state transmitter being becoming better and approaching perfection day by day, within 1993, there is again in the world the employing inductive output tube television transmitter of (Inductive Output Tube is called for short IOT).Caused the great attention of radio and television industrial quarters, compared with television transmitter in the past, the outstanding feature such as have price and maintenance cost is low, efficiency height, has caused people's extensive attention,
Inductive output tube (IOT), also claims velocity modulation tetrode (klystrode), is a kind of density modulation microwave tube, and it gets up the advantages of microwave tetrode and klystron, is a kind of compact low-frequency high-power microwave amplifier part.Be a kind of density modulation microwave tube that electrostatic control pipe and klystron are mutually combined and formed, in IOT, input resonator produces high-frequency electric field between grid and negative electrode, controls the electron emission of hot cathode, obtains the electron beam of density modulation.Density modulation electron beam, through being added in after the high pressure acceleration between grid and anode, enters output cavity through after one section of drift space, and induce high frequency voltage on export resonance cavity gap; Density modulation electron beam and output cavity high frequency voltage interact and obtain High frequency amplification, and the high frequency power of amplification is through the output of output transmission line.
First inductive output tube is proposed in 1938 by Haeff, the Merald Shrader of U.S. EIMAC company in 1980 and Don Priest design and have tested first velocity modulation tetrode, grid material is depended in its development to a great extent, technical progress aspect pyrolytic graphite (pyrolytic graphite), make to manufacture solid, the grid of high temperature resistance becomes possibility.The key characteristic of this material is: thermal expansion approaches zero, and thermal conductivity approaches diamond.Within 1988, first velocity modulation tetrode obtains application.The e2v company of Britain afterwards, the Thales company of France, the HeCPIDeng unit of L-3 company of the U.S. greatly develops velocity modulation tetrode, and claims that it is inductive output tube.Due to high efficiency and the high linearity of inductive output tube, in simulated television system, obtain very soon application.
Compare with klystron, inductive output tube has that volume is little, lightweight, efficiency advantages of higher, is particularly suitable for low-frequency range application.Compare with microwave three, tetrode, IOT can be operated in higher frequency, larger power and have higher gain.
Yet in the last few years, digital TV transmitter, particle accelerator, radar and the application such as communicate by letter had proposed new requirement-high-frequency, high-gain and broadband to IOT, and traditional inductive output tube has been difficult to meet above-mentioned requirements.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
In view of above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides and a kind ofly can realize in low-frequency range the inductive output tube with Double-gap output cavity of high-power, broadband and high-gain.
(2) technical scheme
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of inductive output tube with Double-gap output cavity.This inductive output tube comprises: input system, has an input cavity, for utilizing the microwave of extraneous input to carry out density modulation to electron beam; Double-gap output cavity, separates by space before wall with input cavity, and the electron beam after density modulation is in this Double-gap output cavity generation energy exchange, and the high-frequency energy of generation is exported to the external world; And collector, separate by rear spaced walls with Double-gap output cavity, for the excess electron after harvest energy exchange.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme, can find out, the inductive output tube that the present invention has Double-gap output cavity has following beneficial effect:
(1) compare and single gap output cavity, adopt two gap output cavities can make power, gain and the bandwidth of inductive output tube (IOT) all be promoted largely, and can more stablize and work reliably;
The features such as (2) two gap output cavities have adopted cylinder reentry type Hughes structure, and this structure has handling ease, and PROCESS FOR TREATMENT difficulty is little, are easy to apply.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for having the structural representation of the inductive output tube of Double-gap output cavity according to the invention process;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of public arm in inductive output tube shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram that the invention process has the inductive output tube of Double-gap output cavity.
[main element symbol description of the present invention]
100-input system
110-grided electron gun
111-housing; 112-negative electrode
113-heater; 114-grid;
115-anode head; 116-electron gun insulating ceramics;
117-high frequency choke coil;
120-input cavity shell;
130-input cavity;
200-Double-gap output cavity;
210-space before wall;
The public arm of 220-;
221-coupling slot;
Spaced walls after 230-;
Output cavity before 240-;
Output cavity after 250-
300-collector;
310-collector insulating ceramics;
The coaxial input cable of 400-;
The coaxial output cable of 500-;
The 600-passage that drifts about;
700-electron beam.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be noted that, in accompanying drawing or specification description, similar or identical part is all used identical figure number.The implementation that does not illustrate in accompanying drawing or describe is form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art in affiliated technical field.In addition, although the demonstration of the parameter that comprises particular value can be provided herein, should be appreciated that, parameter is without definitely equaling corresponding value, but can in acceptable error margin or design constraint, be similar to corresponding value.The direction term of mentioning in embodiment, such as " on ", D score, 'fornt', 'back', " left side ", " right side " etc., be only the direction with reference to accompanying drawing.Therefore, the direction term of use is to be not used for limiting the scope of the invention for explanation.
The present invention gives provides a kind of inductive output tube with Double-gap output cavity.In this inductive output tube, from the electron beam after the density modulation of input system, at Double-gap output cavity, there is the mutual effect of note ripple, the DC energy of electron beam is changed into high-frequency microwave energy, thereby realized the amplification of microwave signal.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of inductive output tube with Double-gap output cavity.Fig. 1 is for having the structural representation of the inductive output tube of Double-gap output cavity according to the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the inductive output tube that the present embodiment has Double-gap output cavity comprises: input system 100, for utilizing the microwave of extraneous input to carry out density modulation to electron beam; Double-gap output cavity 200, it comprises former and later two output cavities, and at this Double-gap output cavity 200, there is energy exchange in the electron beam after density modulation, and the high-frequency energy of generation is exported to the external world; And collector 300, for the excess electron after harvest energy exchange.
In the present embodiment, the structure of each part of inductive output tube is got rid of the process implementations such as gas by electrical property design, engineering design, precision optical machinery processing, soldering and baking.Below each part that respectively the present embodiment is had to an inductive output tube of Double-gap output cavity is described in detail.
Please refer to Fig. 1, input system 100 comprises: grided electron gun 110, for electronics is provided; Input cavity shell 120, is cylindric, is sheathed on the periphery of grided electron gun 110, and with its sealing and be electrically insulated.Wherein, the outside of grided electron gun 110, the inner side of input cavity shell 120 forms input cavity 130.
In the present embodiment, this input cavity 130 is cylinder reentry type column structure.Coaxial input cable 400 is to input cavity 130 feed-in microwaves, for this input cavity 130 provides input microwave power.
Wherein, grided electron gun 110 comprises: housing 111, is cylindric; Negative electrode 112, curved structure, is fixed on housing 111 open rearward end places, and recessed towards housing inner side; Heater 113, is arranged in housing 111 inner side of negative electrode 112; Grid 114, is network structure, is fixed on outside housing 111, and the outside of negative electrode 112, it keeps strict sphere parallel with negative electrode 112, and after guaranteeing that grid focuses on, electron beam can advance from aperture plate hole is expedite, can not intercepted and not captured by aperture plate; Anode head 115, is fixed on the rear of grid 114.After electron beam penetrates, via input cavity 130, Double-gap output cavity 200 and collector 300, the passage experiencing becomes drift passage 600.
Input cavity 130 and Double-gap output cavity 200 separate by space before wall 210 mutually insulateds of ring-type.
As shown in Figure 1, spaced walls 210 is stretched out electron gun insulating ceramics 116 towards input cavity direction in the past.Grid 114 is fixed on this electron gun insulating ceramics 116 by fixture, and meanwhile, this fixture is connected to the inner side of input cavity shell 120 by high frequency choke coil 117.Anode head 115 is fixed on the radially inner side of space before wall 210.Grid 114 and anode head 115 form drift head.Between anode head 115 and grid 114, be added with high pressure, can make the electron beam of density modulation accelerate to pass through, with Double-gap output cavity 200, energy exchange occurs.
Please refer to Fig. 1, heater 113 is to be formed by well behaved resistance wire coiling, and object is that the surface of emission of negative electrode 112 is sphere, for inductive output tube provides electron emission to negative electrode 112 heating.
Please refer to Fig. 1, the front end of Double-gap output cavity 200 is connected with output cavity 130, and separates by space before wall 210, and rear end is connected with collector 300 by collector insulating ceramics 310, and separates by rear spaced walls 230.Space before wall 210 and rear spaced walls 230 are identical toroidal.Between space before wall 210 and rear spaced walls 230, form Double-gap output cavity 200.
Double-gap output cavity 200 is divided into front output cavity 240 and rear output cavity 250 by public arm 220.Two input cavities of place near the steps are reentry type cylinder resonator.There is energy exchange at this Double-gap output cavity 200 in the electron beam after density modulation, the high-frequency microwave of generation is fed out by coaxial output cable 500 at rear output cavity.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1 with public arm in the inductive output tube of Double-gap output cavity.As shown in Figure 2, this public arm 220 is annular.In public arm 220 radial outer periphery of this annular, have crescent coupling slot 221.Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the crescent coupling slot 221 of front input cavity 240 and rear input cavity 250 by public arm 220 radial outer periphery of annular is communicated with and realizes coupling.
Need to illustrate, although coupling slot is shaped as crescent in the present embodiment, but the present invention is not as limit, the various shapes such as that the shape of this coupling slot can also be is circular, oval, rectangle or triangle, and the parameter such as the radian of this coupling slot, width all can design according to specific needs.
Please refer to Fig. 1, collector 300 is circular cone tubular structure, is fixedly connected with, and separates by rear spaced walls and Double-gap output cavity by collector insulating ceramics with Double-gap output cavity.This collection level realizes the excess electron after effective recuperated energy exchange.
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram that the invention process has the inductive output tube of Double-gap output cavity.Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the operation principle that the present embodiment has the inductive output tube of Double-gap output cavity is:
(1) heater 113 heated cathode 112, negative electrode 112 provides electron beam 700 under hot state;
(2) coaxial input cable 400, for input cavity 130 provides input microwave power, adds respectively voltage (V at negative electrode 112 and grid 114
0) and (V
0-V
g), thereby the current emission density of control electron beam 700;
(3) between electron gun insulating ceramics 116 and anode 115, be added with high pressure, electron beam 700 after grid 114 density modulations is constantly accelerated during passing through anode head 115 processes, after short-range drift space, electron beam 700 arrives Double-gap output cavity 200, note with it-Bo mutual effect, the microwave producing is by coupling slot 221 and 500 outputs of coaxial output cable, and owing to having adopted Double-gap output cavity, its gain, bandwidth and power all increase significantly;
(4) electron beam 700 and after note-Bo of Double-gap output cavity mutual effect is collected the utmost point 300 absorptions with the form of heat.
So far, by reference to the accompanying drawings the present embodiment be have been described in detail.According to above, describe, those skilled in the art should have clearly understanding to a kind of inductive output tube with Double-gap output cavity of the present invention.
In addition, the above-mentioned definition to each element is not limited in various concrete structures or the shape of mentioning in execution mode, and those of ordinary skill in the art can know simply and replace it, for example:
(1) shape in input and output chamber is not limited only to reentry type column structure, and off-gauge similar structures can be replaced;
(2) coupling slot shape, radian, width and thickness on public arm, can different parameters replace.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of inductive output tube with Double-gap output cavity, compare traditional inductive output tube, owing to having adopted Double-gap output cavity, thereby can effectively realize broadband, high-power and high-gain in low-frequency range, greatly improve the performance index in low-frequency range of inductive output tube.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an inductive output tube with Double-gap output cavity, is characterized in that, comprising:
Input system (100), has an input cavity (130), for utilizing the microwave of extraneous input to carry out density modulation to electron beam;
Double-gap output cavity (200), separates by space before wall (210) with described input cavity (130), and the electron beam after density modulation, at this Double-gap output cavity (200), energy exchange occurs, and the high-frequency energy of generation is exported to the external world; And
Collector (300), separates by rear spaced walls with described Double-gap output cavity (200), for the excess electron after harvest energy exchange.
2. inductive output tube according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the space between described space before wall (210) and rear spaced walls is divided into front output cavity (240) and rear output cavity (250) by the public arm (220) of annular;
Wherein, front input cavity (240) and rear input cavity (250) coupling slot (221) by described public arm (220) radial outer periphery is communicated with and realizes coupling.
3. inductive output tube according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described coupling slot (221) is rounded, oval, rectangle, triangle or crescent.
4. inductive output tube according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described front output cavity (240) and rear output cavity (250) are reentry type cylinder resonator.
5. inductive output tube according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described input system (100) comprising:
Grided electron gun (110), for providing electronics; And
Input cavity shell (120), is cylindric, is sheathed on the periphery of described grided electron gun (110), and with its sealing and be electrically insulated;
Wherein, the outside of described grided electron gun (110), the inner side of input cavity shell (120) forms described input cavity (130).
6. inductive output tube according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described input cavity (130) is cylinder reentry type column structure;
Coaxial input cable (400) is to this input cavity (130) feed-in microwave, for this input cavity (130) provides input microwave power.
7. inductive output tube according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described grided electron gun (110) comprising:
Housing (111), is cylindric;
Negative electrode (112), curved structure, is fixed on the open rearward end place of described housing (111), and is recessed into towards housing inner side;
Heater (113), is arranged in described housing (111) inner side of negative electrode (112);
Grid (114), is network structure, is fixed on outside described housing (111), and the outside of negative electrode (112), it keeps sphere parallel with negative electrode 112; And
Anode head (115), is fixed on the rear of described grid (114);
Wherein, between described anode head (115) and grid (114), be added with high pressure.
8. inductive output tube according to claim 7, is characterized in that:
Described anode head (115) is fixed on the radially inner side of described space before wall (210);
By described space before wall (210), towards the direction of input cavity (130), stretch out electron gun insulating ceramics (116), described grid (114) is fixed on this electron gun insulating ceramics (116) by fixture.
9. inductive output tube according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described fixture is connected to the inner side of input cavity shell (120) by high frequency choke coil (117).
10. according to the inductive output tube described in any one in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, described collector (300) is circular cone tubular structure, and it is fixedly connected with described Double-gap output cavity (200) by collector insulating ceramics.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410354035.5A CN104134599A (en) | 2014-07-23 | 2014-07-23 | Inductive output tube with double-gap output cavity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410354035.5A CN104134599A (en) | 2014-07-23 | 2014-07-23 | Inductive output tube with double-gap output cavity |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2753482A (en) * | 1950-11-22 | 1956-07-03 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Device comprising an electric discharge tube |
| US4567406A (en) * | 1983-05-16 | 1986-01-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | High-gain Klystron-tetrode |
| US4611149A (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-09-09 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Beam tube with density plus velocity modulation |
| US4931695A (en) * | 1988-06-02 | 1990-06-05 | Litton Systems, Inc. | High performance extended interaction output circuit |
| US20030030390A1 (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2003-02-13 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Broadband, inverted slot mode, coupled cavity circuit |
| CN103632907A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Band-shaped beam klystron multi-gap cavity output apparatus |
-
2014
- 2014-07-23 CN CN201410354035.5A patent/CN104134599A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2753482A (en) * | 1950-11-22 | 1956-07-03 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Device comprising an electric discharge tube |
| US4567406A (en) * | 1983-05-16 | 1986-01-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | High-gain Klystron-tetrode |
| US4611149A (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-09-09 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Beam tube with density plus velocity modulation |
| US4931695A (en) * | 1988-06-02 | 1990-06-05 | Litton Systems, Inc. | High performance extended interaction output circuit |
| US20030030390A1 (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2003-02-13 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Broadband, inverted slot mode, coupled cavity circuit |
| CN103632907A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Band-shaped beam klystron multi-gap cavity output apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20141105 |