CN1041322A - Self-propelled vehicle automatic safe means of defence and device - Google Patents
Self-propelled vehicle automatic safe means of defence and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1041322A CN1041322A CN 88106672 CN88106672A CN1041322A CN 1041322 A CN1041322 A CN 1041322A CN 88106672 CN88106672 CN 88106672 CN 88106672 A CN88106672 A CN 88106672A CN 1041322 A CN1041322 A CN 1041322A
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Abstract
Self-propelled vehicle automatic safe means of defence of the present invention and device relate to the self-propelled vehicle safety protection field.Its formation is in the car front portion detection device to be housed, and detection range changes with the speed of a motor vehicle, and when visiting object, auto brake system makes the car braking; At the tailstock detector of controlled detection distance is housed, when running into object behind the car, makes the car braking, in case bump against; When turning the corner at full speed, auto brake system starts, and the speed of a motor vehicle is slowed down, and prevents roll-over accident; In the self-stopping while of high speed, the inflation of protection airbag is with protection driver's safety.
Description
The present invention relates to the self-propelled vehicle safety protection field.
Terms of settlement to traffic accident has at present: one adds an energy disperser, when car and objects in front collision on the safety lever of car, energy disperser is pressed certain distance with identical power backward, utilize brake during this period of time simultaneously, alleviating the degree of traffic accident, but can not remove collision fully like this; They are two years old, adorn a mechanism in the place ahead of wheel, when being hit thing near wheel, this mechanism is hit thing with quilt earlier and is met the place, and this moment, this mechanism started, and will be hit thing and push aside, being hit thing so just can not be pressed under the wheel, concerning being thrusted into, though this mechanism makes the people avoid being pressed, the people still may be injured; Its three, car shell and vehicle bridge have certain can before and after the distance of sliding, when car bumps against with object, the car shell can to front slide some, with the buffering operator's compartment, thereby make the driver unlikely injured, but inevitable car accident.
The objective of the invention is to for avoiding headstock and car, thing, people to bump against, the tailstock and car, people, thing bump against, and turn and overturn, and break away and overturn, and sudden stop makes accidents such as the driver is injured and a kind of method and apparatus is provided.
The present invention can reach by following measure:
Self-propelled vehicle automatic safe means of defence, driving autobrake, back reversing autobrake, protection and the driver's protection of overturning of turning before comprising,
Preceding driving autobrake is a motor vehicle front end emitted radiation ripple, when car is moved ahead, forms a detecting area before the car, and when object appeared at this detecting area, emitted wave was reflected by object, and backward wave is received with this controlling machine motor vehicle brake;
Reversing autobrake in back is a motor vehicle rear emitted radiation ripple, makes when falling behind the car, forms a detecting area behind the car, and when object appeared at this detecting area, emitted wave was reflected by object, backward wave is received come the controlling machine motor vehicle brake with this;
Driving is surveyed before only carrying out when car moves ahead, and only carries out the back reversing during reversing of back and surveys;
The protection of turn overturning is to change motor vehicle speed into a voltage signal, and angle of turn changes a voltage signal into, when self-propelled vehicle is turned, when these two voltage signal sum overrates controlling machine motor vehicle brake then, car is slowed down;
Driver's protection is in the self-stopping while of self-propelled vehicle, make self-propelled vehicle air chamber inner high voltage gas to being fixed on the airbag inflation of motor vehicle steering wheel near the position of driver's end, make it to expand, between driver and bearing circle, form an elastic body, in order to buffering driver impulse force forward, after brake was finished, the gas in the airbag released automatically, and with the airbag automatic drawing back.
This method is a driving autobrake before two angles transmit and receive radiation wave and are used for about two angles and below from about the top of the front portion of car, two angles transmit and receive radiation wave and are used for back reversing autobrake about two angles and below from about the top at the rear portion of car, the top downrange is to launch to the front lower place, the below downrange is to launch to the front upper place, the below receives the backward wave of launching from the top, the top receives the backward wave of launching from the below, and the emitting area at same angle and receiving area do not overlap mutually.
In preceding driving autobrake, detection range changes with the variation of road speed, then detection range is far away soon for road speed, then detection range is near slowly for road speed, detection range is the twice of this car braking distance, in back reversing autobrake, detection range according to car will after the distance of falling by artificial adjustment, detection width is the turn twice and the width sum of car of ultimate range of minimum curved front and back wheel track of car, and the detection nadir is concordant with the car bumper/spoiler.
In the preceding driving autobrake, self-actuating brake is the journey of stopping-put-stop-let slip, when an object enters detecting area, cause self-actuating brake, this moment, detection stopped, brake is stopped, because inertia, car moves on, and then begins again to survey, so heavily cause self-actuating brake, braking procedure repeats successively.
Self-propelled vehicle automatic safe protective device, driving detection system, back reversing detection system before comprising, auto brake system, turning overturning protective system and driver's protective system,
Preceding driving detection system transmits and receives device by the radiation wave that is installed in self-propelled vehicle car front portion and preceding detection control circuit constitutes, transmit and receive device and be connected with preceding detection control circuit, the output of receiving device connects the auto brake system in order to the controlling machine motor vehicle brake;
Reversing detection system in back transmits and receives device by the radiation wave that is installed in motor vehicle rear and the back detection control circuit constitutes, and transmits and receives device and is connected with the back detection control circuit, and the output of receiving device connects auto brake system;
Turning overturning protective system is made of the turning control circuit, and the output of turning control circuit connects auto brake system;
Driver's protective system is made of airbag, airbag wind spring and gas ducting;
Auto brake system is made of automatic braking circuit and brake actuating system;
The ballistic device of the feedway of preceding driving and back reversing detection system is infrared transmitting tube or microwave launcher tube or ultrasonic emitting pipe, the receiving device of receiving device is the adoptor of the same type with power valve, power valve and adoptor are installed in pairs side by side, every group is three to eight pairs, be installed in top about two groups of setting angles that transmit and receive pipe be: by gradually becoming parallel to the ground in ground downward vertically, be installed in the bottom about the angle of two groups of power valves and adoptor serve as reasons and upwards gradually become parallel to the ground perpendicular to ground;
Preceding detection control circuit is by dynamo generator (1), be used to control the rheostat (3) of detection range, current-limiting resistance, relay, amplifier (6), form with (6) output bonded assembly relay (J7) and power valve power supply (E2), be used for the speed of a motor vehicle is become the axle and self-propelled vehicle trip counter biography wire joint of the dynamo generator (1) of vdc, electrical generator (1), rheostat (3), current-limiting resistance and relay are in series and constitute the loop, relay often open node, power valve of surveying before being used for and power valve power supply (E2) are in series and constitute loop, the normally closed node of relay, adoptor of surveying before being used for and amplifier (6) input end are in series and constitute the loop;
Back detection control circuit is formed by power valve power supply (E1), amplifier (6) with (6) output bonded assembly relays (J7), the power valve that is used for surveying the back is connected with power supply (E1) and is constituted the loop, and the adoptor that is used for surveying the back is connected with amplifier (6) input end;
The turning control circuit is by dynamo generator (2), relay (J9), rheostat (4) formation that is in series, and rheostat is connected with the rotating shaft of car bearing circle, the axle of dynamo generator (2) and the biography wire joint of car trip counter;
The automatic braking circuit of auto brake system is made up of the direct supply (E3) of electromagnetic valve (17), (18), (19), electromagnetic valve and relay (J8), (J6), (17), (18), (19) and (J8) back that is in parallel be in series with control their relay node (J7-1), relay node (J9-1) and power supply (E3), electromagnetic valve (19) is with in parallel with electromagnetic valve (17) after its relay node (J6-1) of control is connected;
The airbag of driver's protective system (105) opening and tracheae (107) join, the closed end of airbag (105) is fixed on the cylinder (110) of coiling airbag, cylinder (110) is positioned on the side parallel with steering wheel shaft, the wind spring that cylinder is rotated is arranged on the cylinder (110), be equipped with the electromagnetic valve (19) of control tracheae air inlet on the tracheae.
In the preceding detection control circuit, relay is in parallel after many group relaies are connected with current-limiting resistance separately, each current-limiting resistance resistance difference, power valve is many group power valves, every group is in parallel by four power valves that are installed in four angles respectively and constitutes, every group of power valve connected with corresponding relay normally open node, adoptor is many group of received pipe, every group is in parallel by four adoptors that are installed in four angles respectively and constitutes, every group of received pipe is connected with the normally closed node of corresponding relay, its corresponding relation is: group (I) power valve is corresponding with (J1), group (II) power valve, group (I ') adoptor is corresponding with (J2), and last group of received pipe directly is connected with the input end of amplifier (6).
In the back detection control circuit, power valve is many group power valves, every group is in parallel by four power valves that are installed in four angles respectively and constitutes, a termination of every group links to each other with the cooresponding contact of select switch (K6-1), select switch (K6-1) selecting side is connected with power supply (E1), the other end of power connection (E1) after every group the other end is in parallel, adoptor is many group of received pipe, every group is installed in four jiaos adoptor respectively by four and is in parallel and constitutes, one end of every group of received pipe links to each other with the cooresponding contact of select switch (K6-2), select switch (K6-2) selecting side links to each other with the individual input end of amplifier (6), links to each other with another input end of amplifier (6) after the other end of every group of received pipe is in parallel.
The brake actuating system that adopts oil brake is by charging blower (66), air chamber (67), electromagnetic valve (17), (18), (19), gas piston propelling unit (71), (72) constitute, charging blower is connected with the inlet of air chamber, one outlet and electromagnetic valve (18) of air chamber, (19) connect, another termination of electromagnetic valve (19) is used for the air bag (75) of driver's safety precaution, another termination gas piston (72) of electromagnetic valve (18), the piston rod hook (73) and the power-transfer clutch of gas piston (72) articulate, be equipped with deadlock lever (74) on the connecting rod pawl, the top of deadlock lever (74) contacts with skewback on the pedal of clutch, and another air extractor duct of air chamber connects electromagnetic valve (17), another termination gas piston (71) of electromagnetic valve (17), have one can promote the handle that pushes away that master brake cylinder makes it to brake on the piston rod of gas piston (71).
The brake actuating system that adopts compression air brake is by electromagnetic valve (17), (18), (19), gas piston propelling unit (47) constitutes, one outlet and electromagnetic valve (17) of former self-propelled vehicle air chamber, (18), (19) connect, another termination of electromagnetic valve (19) is used for the air bag (51) of driver's safety precaution, another termination gas piston (47) of electromagnetic valve (18), the piston rod hook (48) and the power-transfer clutch of gas piston (47) articulate, be equipped with deadlock lever (49) on the connecting rod pawl, the top of deadlock lever (49) contacts with skewback on the pedal of clutch, another termination brake piston gas circuit of electromagnetic valve (17).
The electromagnetic valve of brake actuating system is made of threeway cavity (151), electromagnet (86), inflation vent plug (87), exhaust vent plug (88), pressure spring (89), connecting rod (90), in having the threeway cavity (151) of three ports (83), (84), (85), valve rod (90) with two valves (87), (88) is housed, on the end face madial wall of the threeway cavity (151) that magnet coil (86) is fixing, pull back spring (89) is housed on valve rod (90).
The Figure of description explanation:
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1, and the A district is preceding driving detection circuit, and the B district is a back reversing detection circuit, and the C district is the turning control circuit, and the D district is an automatic braking circuit.
Fig. 2 is emission, receiving barrel scheme of installation, and power valve is respectively organized for preceding driving detection system in the left side among the figure, adoptor, and the right side is that back reversing detection system is respectively organized power valve, adoptor.
Fig. 3 is the arrangement position figure of emission receiving barrel, and the arrangement position relation of receiving barrel was respectively launched in driving and back reversing before the left and right sides was respectively.
Fig. 4 is the scheme drawing of detection principle.
Fig. 5 is the scheme drawing that prevents non-detecting area object interference detection.
Fig. 6 is the different detection scheme drawings of surveying distance.
Fig. 7 is the detection scheme drawing of various self-propelled vehiclees.
Fig. 8 is compressed air brake self-stopping gear figure.
Fig. 9 is the travel switch position view.
Figure 10 is the work scheme drawing of disengaging of clutch, releasing.
Figure 11 is oil brake self-stopping gear figure.
Figure 12 is brake piston and master brake cylinder locking relation figure.
Figure 13 is for being in non-glancing impact electromagnetic valve section-drawing.
Figure 14 is the section-drawing that is in the glancing impact electromagnetic valve.
Figure 15 is that dynamo generator and trip counter pass wire joint figure.
Figure 16 is the cutaway view that dynamo generator and trip counter pass wire joint.
Figure 17 protects the cutaway view of the structure of airbag for the driver.
Figure 18 protects the cutaway view that airbag links to each other with bearing circle for the driver.
Figure 19 is the circuit diagram of the automatic safe protective device of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Figure 20 is the annexation figure of the oil brake transmission device of embodiment 2.
Figure 21 is driver's protective system figure of the oil brake transmission device of embodiment 2.
Figure 22 is the annexation figure of the compressed air brake transmission device of embodiment 2.
Figure 23 is the principle of work cutaway view of the clutch mechanism push rod of embodiment 2.
Figure 24 is the cutaway view of the clutch mechanism push rod of embodiment 2.
Figure 25 is the cutaway view of the brake activation valve mechanical push rods of embodiment 2.
Figure 26 is the brake activation valve mechanical push rods principle of work cutaway view of embodiment 2.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Detection control circuit was formed before the preceding driving detection system of self-propelled vehicle automatic safe protective device of the present invention was reached by infrared emission and receiving device.A part as Fig. 1.Before the driving detection system infrared launcher be the infrared tube of several groups of parallel connections, be decided to be respectively (I) group, (II) group, (III) group, (IV) group, (V) group.In the infrared launcher, how much being decided by the speed of a motor vehicle of the group number of every group of infrared tube is generally three to nine groups, and every group of power valve is corresponding with corresponding launch area, and the launch area that forms as power valve (I) group is taken as I.Every group of infrared tube composed in parallel by four infrared transmitting tubes and an indicator lamp.Preceding detection control circuit, by dynamo generator (1), contactor (K2), travel switch (K4), circuit indicators (5), rheostat (3), relay (J1), (J2), (J3), (J4), (J5), form with the series connected current-limiting resistor of these relays (20), (21), (22), (24), (25), amplifier (6) and relay (J7) respectively.The quantity of relay is consistent with the group number of feedway.Placement location such as Figure 15 in order to the dynamo generator of the startup of control relay, shown in Figure 16, the trip counter that dynamo generator (1) is fixed near change speed gear box passes on the line, and by transmission shaft (94), belt (95) and trip counter biography line interlock, wherein (96) are bearing, (97) be fixed mount, (98) are fixed housing.When the car startup, trip counter passes line and also rotates also interlocking generator, and then electric energy generated is also just big more soon for the speed of a motor vehicle, and the speed of a motor vehicle is directly proportional with the electric energy generated of electrical generator.When the slow generator power output of the speed of a motor vehicle after a little while, can only starting relay (J1), along with the speed of a motor vehicle quantitative change of accelerating gradually to generate electricity is big, progressively starting relay (J2), (J3), (J4), (J5), every group of infrared transmitting tube forms the one-level detecting area with corresponding infrared receiving tube, the far and near difference of every group of detecting area progressively becomes far away from the one-level to the Pyatyi, the detection of every group of detecting area is far and near to be directly proportional with the speed of a motor vehicle.Rheostat (3) is to be used for controlling the size that flows into relay current, when weather has had variation, when being ice and snow as the road surface, at this moment reduce rheostatic resistance, the electric current in the circuit is many at ordinary times for current ratio in the control circuit like this, thus can a lot of than usual moving group relaies, thus a lot of moving one-level infrared transmitting tube, detection range becomes far away under the same speed of a motor vehicle, make car can be under the various ground-surface situations of various weathers autobrake and not bumping against smoothly with objects in front.
Receiving device is made up of the adoptor (I ') (II ') (III ') (IV ') (V ') of several groups of parallel connections, every group of received pipe is composed in parallel by four adoptors respectively, each is managed in the emission receiving barrel at four angles that are put in headstock respectively, adoptor is corresponding to power valve, as (I ') with (II), (II ') is corresponding with (III), sees Fig. 1, Fig. 2.The adoptor (I ') of the radiation wave of the power valve at last angle (I) and inferior horn, (II '), (III '), (IV '), the range of receiving of (V ') intersects formation one class survey, see the ∠ FME power valve (I) of Fig. 4, the radiation wave of (II) and adoptor (II '), (III '), (IV '), the range of receiving of (V ') intersects formation two class surveys, see the ∠ HMG1 of Fig. 4, power valve (I), (II), the radiation wave of (III) and adoptor (III '), (IV '), the range of receiving of (V ') intersects formation three class surveys, power valve (I), (II), (III), the radiation wave of (IV) and adoptor (IV '), the range of receiving of (V ') intersects the formation level Four to be surveyed, power valve (I) (II), (III), (IV), the range of receiving of the radiation wave of (V) and adoptor (V ') intersects the formation Pyatyi to be surveyed, otherwise, the adoptor (I ') at the radiation wave of the power valve of inferior horn (I) and last angle, (II '), (III '), (IV '), the range of receiving of (V ') intersects formation one class survey, sees Fig. 4.Fig. 2 is positioned over the interior scheme drawing of emission receiving barrel for each group power valve and each group of received pipe, and this inwall is light absorbent not.Fig. 3 represents respectively to launch the position of receiving barrel, between every group of emission receiving barrel an angle is arranged.It is longer that emission receives barrel, is received the pipe reception with object radiation reflected ripple beyond preventing detecting area, and Fig. 5 illustrates that ground and top object radiation reflected ripple not in the scope of detecting area, can not be received, and also just can not cause braking.
Detection principle is such, as shown in Figure 4, the range of receiving of tube-launched radiation wave in top and bottom adoptor intersects the formation detecting area, the scope of accepting of the adoptor on lower transmission pipe radiation emitted ripple and top intersects the formation detecting area, in object enters detecting area, tube-launched radiation wave after adoptor is accepted to amplify, is started the auto brake system braking by the object reflection.The launch area of top and the reception area of top can't intersect, and the launch area of below and the reception area of below also can't intersect.Detecting area is the intersection of the reception area of the intersection of the launch area of top and the reception area of below and launch area, below and top.Surveying highly is the height of vehicle-mounted thing, it is minimum that to survey this end points of line apart from end points farthest minimum be height than doodlebug in order to be put in the emission receiving barrel car bumper/spoiler under and car, detection width is generally when the car turning is minimum bends, the width of the twice extra bus of the ultimate range of front and back wheel path of motion.
The speed of a motor vehicle and the relation of surveying between the distance are such, when car starts and accelerates gradually, dynamo generator (1) electric energy generated increases thereupon, progressively starting relay (J1), (J2), (J3), (J4), (J5), thereby start infrared transmitting tube (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V), meanwhile, adoptor (I ') (II ') (III ') (IV ') progressively cuts out, and progressively becomes far away thereby make emitted wave and range of receiving intersect formed detecting area.Fig. 6 illustrates the variation of the detecting area under each speed of a motor vehicle, from 26 to the 34 explanation speed of a motor vehicle are by accelerating slowly, survey apart from by nearly change variation far away, whole braking procedure is such, when car starts and speed is accelerated gradually, meanwhile detection range is also far away by nearly change gradually, as object enter detecting area visited receive after, start the auto brake system braking, a braking speed of a motor vehicle is slack-off, at this moment, the small generators electric energy generated tails off, and so a part of relay quits work, and a part of infrared transmitting tube is closed, survey apart from becoming near, at this moment may lose the detection of a target, thus the braking releasing, and car continues to move ahead, the speed of a motor vehicle accelerates, survey apart from becoming far away, visit the object in the place ahead again, this moment, car was braked again, so whole braking procedure is to stop-put-stop-put, so the overturning phenomenon of breakking away can not occur.Table 1, the driving detection system respectively has the relation of related parameter before illustrating, surveys distance, transmits and receives angle referring to Fig. 4, and placement location is referring to Fig. 3.
Back driving detection system, by fired infrared receiver, and back detection control circuit composition, as the B part of Fig. 1.Infrared launcher is made up of infrared transmitting tube (I 1), (II 1), (III 1), (IV 1), (V 1) of several groups of parallel connections, every group of infrared tube composed in parallel by four infrared transmitting tubes and an indicator lamp, four power valves of every group place about tailstock top two angles about two angles and bottom respectively, every group of power valve is installed in a1, b1, c1, d1, the e1 emission receiving barrel respectively and bottom a1 ', b1 ', c1 ', d1 ', e1 ' emission receiving barrel in, as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.The wall that these emissions receive bobbin is a light absorbent.Receiving device is made up of the adoptor (I 1 ') (II 1 ') (III 1 ') (IV 1 ') (VI 1 ') of several groups of parallel connections, the master cock of sending and receiving apparatus is (K6), every group of received pipe also is made up of four adoptors, these a few group of received pipes are positioned over (b1) on tailstock top respectively, (c1), (d1), (e1), (b1 ') of in the emission receiving barrel (f1) and bottom, (c1 '), (d1 '), (e1 '), in the emission receiving barrel of (f1 '), the power valve at last angle and the adoptor of inferior horn form detecting area, as the launch area of power valve (I 1), with adoptor (I 1 '), (II 1 '), (III 1 '), (IV 1 '), (V 1 '), intersect and form the one-level detecting area; The reception area of the launch area of power valve (I 1), (II 1) and adoptor (II 1 ') (III 1 '), (IV 1 '), (V 1 ') intersects formation two class surveys; The reception area of the launch area of power valve (I 1), (II 1), (III 1) and adoptor (III 1 '), (IV 1 '), (V 1 ') intersects formation three class surveys; The reception area of the launch area of power valve (I 1), (II 1), (III 1), (IV 1) and adoptor (IV 1 ') (V 1 ') intersects the formation level Four to be surveyed; The reception area of the launch area of power valve (I 1), (II 1), (III 1), (IV 1), (V 1) and adoptor (V 1 ') intersects the formation Pyatyi to be surveyed, and vice versa.Detection mode is identical with headstock, detection range is several sections definite values, (K6) through and off of every group of power valve of control, when car pours into object when entering in the detecting area that the people sets up, object reflects tube-launched radiation wave, start auto brake system after adoptor receives amplification, car just begins braking, has so just avoided the reversing object to bump against.Table 2 illustrates the relation between each relevant parameter of back reversing detection system, emission, and adoptor is numbered referring to Fig. 1, and placement location is seen Fig. 3.
Back detection control circuit is by direct supply (E1), circuit indicator (7), contactor (K3), travel switch (K4) master cock (K6), amplifier (6) and relay (J7) are formed, and wherein amplifier (6) and relay (J7) are shared with preceding detection control circuit.
Before turning between driving detection system and the back reversing detection system by travel switch (K4) control, during current driving, driving detection system before can only starting, the detection system of moveing backward after is simultaneously closed.Otherwise, during the reversing of back, can only start back reversing detection system, driving detection system before closing simultaneously.The travel switch of system's conversion is fixed in the reversing gear of car bumper before and after this control, as shown in Figure 9, (65) stroke for reversing gear, (64) grab rail for putting into gear, (63) be travel switch, prestart driving detection system is represented on the left side, and reversing detection system after closing simultaneously, back reversing detection system is represented to start and the detection system of driving a vehicle before closing simultaneously in the right.
Brake system is made up of automatic control circuit (as the D part of Fig. 1), braking transmission device.Automatic braking circuit is by direct supply (E3), electromagnetic valve (17), (18), (19), and relay (J8, J6) is formed.Relay (J7) and (J9) in any one relay start, make the electromagnetic valve (17) of control brake, the electromagnetic valve of control clutch (18), the relay (J8) of control taillight starts, when car was sailed at high speed row 1, (J6) electromagnetic valve (19) of closed control driver protective system started simultaneously, (11) expression taillight among Fig. 1, (10) expression taillight is pointed out.Relay (J6) is by the dynamo generator (1) of preceding driving detection system, and current-limiting resistance (23) control (J6) has only when high speed and could start, so autobrake could be worked when driver's protective system has only high speed.
The braking transmission device changes to some extent owing on the various car constructions big difference is arranged very, but two kinds of forms is generally speaking arranged, a kind of oil brake, a kind of compressed air brake.Concerning air brake vehicle, its braking transmission constitutes as shown in Figure 8: front wheel brake and trailing wheel braking electromagnetic valve (17), control promotes the electromagnetic valve (18) of the piston of power-transfer clutch, the electromagnetic valve (19) of control driver protective system, promote connecting rod (48), the deadlock lever (49) of the piston (47) of power-transfer clutch, piston rod steady arm (50), airbag (51).As speed-slackening signal, electromagnetic valve (17), (18) open, when car is high speed, electromagnetic valve (19) is also opened, at this moment the gas in the air chamber without brake activation valve (53) directly through electromagnetic valve (17), gas circuit (54) charges into front wheel brake piston (52) and brakes, gas in the air chamber is also directly through electromagnetic valve (17) simultaneously, gas circuit (55) charges into trailing wheel brake piston (52) and brakes, gas piston (47) promotes power-transfer clutch and removes interlock simultaneously, gas in the air chamber is given airbag (51) inflation through electromagnetic valve (19), work as brake relieving signal, electromagnetic valve (17), the front-wheel trailing wheel brake piston of having broken leads to the gas circuit of air chamber, before making, the gas of trailing wheel brake piston is emitted through brake activation valve; But at this moment power-transfer clutch is under piston (47) connecting rod inverted tooth-like effect, can not return, and have only and step on pedal of clutch (57), pedal interlock again.Control plunger connecting rod deadlock lever (49), pawl is removed, piston (47) return under action of the spring, the power-transfer clutch that at this moment could close once more, deadlock lever (49) is in the lock shape, as shown in figure 10 under the effect of extension spring (14).Among Fig. 8, (58) are brake pedal, and (59) are the braking gas circuit, and (60) are air-pressure gauge, and (61) are air chamber, and (61) are charging blower.
The transmission device of oil brake system is seen Figure 11, by charging blower (66), air chamber (67), braking electromagnetic valve (17), the piston rod steady arm (76) that the electromagnetic valve of control clutch (18), control driver protect electromagnetic valve (19), the brake piston (71) of airbag, the piston rod (73) that promotes clutch plunger (72), interlock power-transfer clutch, the deadlock lever (74) of removing piston rod and promotion power-transfer clutch constitutes.(75) be inflatable airbag.As speed-slackening signal, electromagnetic valve (17) is opened, high pressure gas are gone into gas piston (71) from air chamber (67) through electromagnetic valve (17), promote brake pedal (81), make the oil in the master brake cylinder be pressed into vacuum pressure pump (80), before, back brake piston (78) begins braking, meanwhile, electromagnetic valve (18) is opened, piston (72) promotes power-transfer clutch (79) interlock, and when high speed, electromagnetic valve (19) is opened, the driver protects the airbag inflation, when speed-slackening signal is eliminated electromagnetic valve (17), (18), (19) gas circuit that each gas circuit leads to air chamber of having broken, electromagnetic valve is opened the exhausr port venting simultaneously, piston (71) is regained under action of the spring, and braking is removed; The startup method of power-transfer clutch is identical with compressed air brake.Figure 12 is the scheme drawing of gas piston (71) and brake compressor (77) locking relation.
Turning overturning protective system is made of the turning control circuit, and it comprises dynamo generator (2), switch (K8), indicator lamp (9), rheostat (4), relay (J9) (as the C part of Fig. 1).Dynamo generator (2) also is that the trip counter that is fixed near change speed gear box passes on the line, pass the line interlock with trip counter, electric energy generated is directly proportional with the speed of a motor vehicle, rheostat (4) is fixed in the rotating shaft of bearing circle, rheostatic resistance is for maximum when bearing circle is the dead ahead, when car is in when turning the corner at full speed, the generator for electricity generation quantitative change is big, and the rheostat resistance diminishes, and the control circuit electric current of turning this moment is very big, when this electric current has arrived the value of regulation, relay (J9) closure, auto brake system braking is when glancing impact at the beginning, generator power output diminishes very soon, relay (J9) disconnects again, and braking is removed, so the result of this braking is just slowed down, like this, just can not occur having turned roll-over accident.
Wind spring (110) and gas ducting that driver's protective system is regained by airbag (105), with airbag are formed.See Figure 17, Figure 18.Relay (J6) is by dynamo generator (1) in the preceding driving detection system and current-limiting resistance (23) control; when car is in high speed; relay (J6) starting; closed control driver protect airbag electromagnetic valve (19) circuit often open node; visited if there is object to enter detecting area; car begins autobrake; simultaneously; the control driver protects the electromagnetic valve (19) of airbag and opens; gas from air chamber through electromagnetic valve (19); gas circuit (107) is protected airbag (105) inflation to the driver, just in time braking at this moment, and the driver is under effect of inertia; upper body rushes at bearing circle, the protective effect that the airbag that form this moment plays the driver.When braking was removed, the electromagnetic valve that the control driver protects airbag had broken towards the gas circuit of air chamber, opens relief port, and the gas in the airbag is emitted through gas circuit under the effect of wind spring (110), and airbag is regained.
The structure of electromagnetic valve such as Figure 13, shown in Figure 14, electromagnetic valve shell are the threeway cavity, and wherein gas port (83) connects brake piston, and gas port (84) connects air chamber, and gas port (85) is an exhausr port, and whole threeway cavity is nonmagnetic material or plastics.Electromagnet (86) is fixed on the threeway cavity inner wall, and inflation vent plug (87) is a magnetic material.Figure 14 explanation is as speed-slackening signal, electromagnet (86) will be inflated vent plug (87) and pick up, meanwhile, open charging valve, connecting rod (90) the interlock exhaust vent plug that connects inflation vent plug and exhaust vent plug, threeway cavity exhaust valve is closed, and the high pressure gas in the air chamber charge into brake piston and brake through electromagnetic valve entrance (84) and gas port (83) like this.Figure 13 explanation is when the speed-slackening signal disappearance, and electromagnet (86) is decontroled inflation vent plug (87), and the inflation gas port is closed, under stage clip (89) and connecting rod (90) effect, the exhaust vent plug leaves exhaust valve simultaneously, and exhaust riser is opened, gas is discharged through exhausr port (85) by brake piston, and braking is removed.
This autobrake safety can be applicable to various power actuated vehicles, sees Fig. 7, comprises automobile, train, trac., motor bike etc.
Second embodiment of the present invention such as Figure 19-shown in Figure 26, be characterized in adopting the mechanical pusher braking.Circuit as shown in figure 19, the difference of it and Fig. 1 is: the relay node (J11-1) of the control of electrical motor (112), front and back detection system, the relay node (J12-1) of turning overturning protective system control, switch (K10) and direct supply (E6) are composed in series a circuit; Relay node (J13-1), switch (K9) and the direct supply (E5) of the relay node (J10-1) of electromagnet (111), the control of front and back detection system, the control of turning overturning protective system are composed in series a circuit; Electromagnet (102), (103), (19) and relay (J8) back in parallel is with after direct supply (E3) is connected, compose in parallel circuit with (J7-1) of relay (J7), (J9-1) of relay (J9) again, (J6-1) of relay (J6) connects with electromagnet (19).The transmission device of oil brake system such as Figure 20, shown in Figure 21, as speed-slackening signal, the closed braking circuit of starting relay (J7), electromagnet (103) adhesive, mechanical pusher (113) promotes master brake cylinder (77) braking, and mechanical pusher (114) promotes power-transfer clutch (79) and leaves.Driver's protective system is made up of charging blower (66), air chamber (67), electromagnetic valve (19) and airbag (75); See Figure 22 for its transmission device of compressed air brake, as speed-slackening signal, electromagnet (103) adhesive, mechanical pusher (113) promotes brake activation valve (53) braking, and mechanical pusher (114) promotes power-transfer clutch (56) and leaves.The gas that the driver protects airbag is directly provided by air chamber, and the high pressure gas in the air chamber (61) enters protection airbag (51) behind tracheae (115), electromagnetic valve (19), the driver is protected.Braking is removed and is seen Figure 23, Figure 24, Figure 25, Figure 26.Work as brake relieving signal, the peg (140) of mechanical pusher (Figure 26) is under the effect of stage clip (141), terminal contacts (150) in the peg is contacted with contact (152) on the shell (139), also just equaled closed (K10) among Figure 19, simultaneously, relay node (J11-1) closure, like this, electrical motor (112) starts under power supply (E6) effect, drives belt (143), regain catch bar (138), as Figure 26.Form such as Figure 25 of another kind of mechanical pusher, work as brake relieving signal, relay (J10) node (J10-1) closure, when contact (150) contact with contact (152), be close switch (K9), like this, electromagnet (111) starts, make wheel (145) and gear (147) interlock with belt (143) interlock, and (147) and driving engine or drive link interlock, so, under extension spring (149) and gear (147) act on, push rod (138) is regained, when (150) and (152) disconnection, promptly (K9) disconnects, and electromagnet (111) quits work, under the effect of stage clip (146), wheel (145) leaves with gear (147).
The principle of work that is used to promote the mechanical pusher of power-transfer clutch is such, as speed-slackening signal, start electromagnet (102), under the effect of stage clip (125), push rod (117) promotes power-transfer clutch and leaves, work as brake relieving signal, node (J11-1) closure of relay (J11) makes when stepping on clutch pedal (82) to close and exercises contact (137) under the pin rod (118) and contact with contact (114), be i.e. switch (K10) closure, like this, electrical motor (112) starts, and rolls belt (126) and retracts push rod (117), when (137) and (114) dialysis, promptly (K10) disconnects, and electrical motor (112) quits work automatically.Push rod (118) is got back to original position along steady arm (119) prescribed direction under stage clip (120) effect, see Figure 23.Figure 24 is the form that another kind is used to promote the mechanical pusher of power-transfer clutch, work as brake relieving signal, (J10-1) closure, when stepping on clutch pedal (82), contact (137) contacts with contact (114), i.e. (K9) closure, at this moment electromagnet (111) startup makes the gear (130) of interlock belt (129) link to each other with gear (131), and (131) link to each other with driving engine or drive link, so belt (129) is under extension spring (133) and gear (132) effect, retract push rod (117), when contact (137) and contact (114) disconnect, just disconnect (K9), electromagnet (111) also just quits work, under stage clip (135) effect, gear (130) leaves with gear (131), and push rod stops to reclaim.
The present invention has following You point compared to existing technology:
1. in the time of can preventing front driving Yu car, thing, people bump against, during rear reversing Yu car, thing, people's collision. Can protect car, thing, people, goods are protected.
2. avoid the curved overturning of Zhuan, break away and overturn.
3. can avoid drivining a car under the influence of alcohol, drive without a license, tired drive etc. and traffic accident that Zhao becomes.
4. can avoiding brings to a halt makes the driver injured.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of self-propelled vehicle automatic safe means of defence, driving autobrake, back reversing autobrake, protection and the driver's protection of overturning of turning before it is characterized in that comprising,
Preceding driving autobrake is a motor vehicle front end emitted radiation ripple, when car is moved ahead, forms a detecting area before the car, and when object appeared at this detecting area, emitted wave was reflected by object, and backward wave is received with this controlling machine motor vehicle brake;
Reversing autobrake in back is a motor vehicle rear emitted radiation ripple, makes when falling behind the car, forms a detecting area behind the car, and when object appeared at this detecting area, emitted wave was reflected by object, backward wave is received come the controlling machine motor vehicle brake with this;
Driving is surveyed before only carrying out when car moves ahead, and only carries out the back reversing during reversing of back and surveys;
Turning overturns protects is to change motor vehicle speed into a voltage signal, and angle of turn changes a voltage signal into, and when self-propelled vehicle was turned, when these two voltage signal sum overrates, the controlling machine motor vehicle brake slowed down car;
Driver's protection is in the self-stopping while of self-propelled vehicle, make self-propelled vehicle air chamber inner high voltage gas to being fixed on the airbag inflation of motor vehicle steering wheel near the position of driver's end, make it to expand, between driver and bearing circle, form an elastic body, in order to buffering driver impulse force forward, after brake was finished, the gas in the airbag released automatically, and with the airbag automatic drawing back.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: two angles transmit and receive radiation wave about two angles and below from about the top of the front portion of car, driving autobrake before being used for, two angles transmit and receive radiation wave and are used for back reversing autobrake about two angles and below from about the top at the rear portion of car, the top downrange is to launch to the front lower place, the below downrange is to launch to the front upper place, the below receives the backward wave of launching from the top, the top receives the backward wave of launching from the below, and the emitting area at same angle and receiving area do not overlap mutually.
3, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in preceding driving autobrake, detection range changes with the variation of road speed, then detection range is far away soon for road speed, then detection range is near slowly for road speed, detection range is the twice of this car braking distance, in back reversing autobrake, detection range according to car will after the distance of falling by artificial adjustment, detection width is the turn twice of ultimate range of minimum curved front and back wheel track and the width sum of car of car, survey nadir on the line of car bumper/spoiler and the lower extreme point of surveying farthest, the lower extreme point ground height be the height that hangs down car.
4, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the preceding driving autobrake, self-actuating brake is the journey of stopping-put-stop-let slip, when an object enters detecting area, cause self-actuating brake, this moment, detection stopped, and brake was stopped, because inertia, car moves on, and then begin again to survey, so heavily cause self-actuating brake, braking procedure repeats successively.
5, a kind of automatic safe protective device is characterized in that by preceding driving detection system, back reversing detection system, auto brake system, and turning overturning protective system and driver's protective system are formed,
Preceding driving detection system transmits and receives device by the radiation wave that is installed in self-propelled vehicle car front portion and preceding detection control circuit constitutes, transmit and receive device and be connected with preceding detection control circuit, the output of receiving device connects the auto brake system in order to the controlling machine motor vehicle brake;
Reversing detection system in back transmits and receives device by the radiation wave that is installed in motor vehicle rear and the back detection control circuit constitutes, and transmits and receives device and is connected with the back detection control circuit, and the output of receiving device connects auto brake system;
Turning overturning protective system is made of the turning control circuit, and the output of turning control circuit connects auto brake system;
Driver's protective system is made of airbag, airbag wind spring and gas ducting;
Auto brake system is made of automatic braking circuit and brake actuating system.
6, device according to claim 5, the ballistic device of the feedway of driving and back reversing detection system is infrared transmitting tube or microwave launcher tube or ultrasonic emitting pipe before it is characterized in that, the receiving device of receiving device is the adoptor of the same type with power valve, power valve and adoptor are installed in pairs side by side, every group is three to eight pairs, be installed in top about two groups of setting angles that transmit and receive pipe be: by gradually becoming parallel to the ground in ground downward vertically, be installed in the bottom about the angle of two groups of power valves and adoptor serve as reasons and upwards gradually become parallel to the ground perpendicular to ground;
Preceding detection control circuit is by dynamo generator (1), be used to control the rheostat (3) of detection range, current-limiting resistance, relay, amplifier (6), form with (6) output bonded assembly relay (J7) and power valve power supply E2, be used for the speed of a motor vehicle is become the axle and self-propelled vehicle trip counter biography wire joint of the dynamo generator (1) of vdc, electrical generator (1), rheostat (3), current-limiting resistance and relay are in series and constitute the loop, relay often open node, power valve of surveying before being used for and power valve power supply (E2) are in series and constitute loop, the normally closed node of relay, adoptor of surveying before being used for and amplifier (6) input end are in series and constitute the loop;
Back detection control circuit is formed by power valve power supply (E1), amplifier (6) with (6) output bonded assembly relays (J7), the power valve that is used for surveying the back is connected with power supply (E1) and is constituted the loop, and the adoptor that is used for surveying the back is connected with amplifier (6) input end;
The turning control circuit is by dynamo generator (2), relay (J9), rheostat (4) formation that is in series, and rheostat is connected with the rotating shaft of car bearing circle, the axle of dynamo generator (2) and the biography wire joint of car trip counter;
The automatic braking circuit of auto brake system is made up of the direct supply (E3) of electromagnetic valve (17), (18), (19), electromagnetic valve and relay (J8), (J6), (17), (18), (19) and (J8) back that is in parallel be in series with control their relay node (J7-1), relay node (J9-1) and power supply (E3), electromagnetic valve (19) is with in parallel with electromagnetic valve (17) after its relay node (J6-1) of control is connected;
The airbag of driver's protective system (105) opening and tracheae (107) join, the closed end of airbag (105) is fixed on the cylinder (110) of coiling airbag, cylinder (110) is positioned on the side parallel with steering wheel shaft, the wind spring that cylinder is rotated is arranged on the cylinder (110), be equipped with the electromagnetic valve (19) of control tracheae air inlet on the tracheae.
7, device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that in the preceding detection control circuit, relay is in parallel after many group relaies are connected with current-limiting resistance separately, each current-limiting resistance resistance difference, power valve is many group power valves, every group is in parallel by four power valves that are installed in four angles respectively and constitutes, every group of power valve connected with corresponding relay normally open node, adoptor is many group of received pipe, every group is in parallel by four adoptors that are installed in four angles respectively and constitutes, every group of received pipe is connected with the normally closed node of corresponding relay, its corresponding relation is: group (I) power valve is corresponding with (J1), group (II) power valve, group (I ') adoptor is corresponding with (J2), and last group of received pipe directly is connected with the input end of amplifier (6).
8, device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that in the detection control circuit of back, power valve is many group power valves, every group is in parallel by four power valves that are installed in four angles respectively and constitutes, a termination of every group links to each other with the cooresponding contact of select switch (K6-1), select switch (K6-1) selecting side is connected with power supply (E1), the other end of power connection (E1) after every group the other end is in parallel, adoptor is many group of received pipe, every group is installed in four jiaos adoptor respectively by four and is in parallel and constitutes, one end of every group of received pipe links to each other with the cooresponding contact of select switch (K6-2), select switch (K6-2) selecting side links to each other with an input end of amplifier (6), links to each other with another input end of amplifier (6) after the other end of every group of received pipe is in parallel.
9, device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that adopting the brake actuating system of oil brake by charging blower (66), air chamber (67), electromagnetic valve (17), (18), (19), gas piston propelling unit (71), (72) constitute, charging blower is connected with the inlet of air chamber, one outlet and electromagnetic valve (18) of air chamber, (19) connect, another termination of electromagnetic valve (19) is used for the air bag (75) of driver's safety precaution, another termination gas piston (72) of electromagnetic valve (18), the piston rod hook (73) and the power-transfer clutch of gas piston (72) articulate, be equipped with deadlock lever (74) on the connecting rod pawl, the top of deadlock lever (74) contacts with skewback on the pedal of clutch, and another air extractor duct of air chamber connects electromagnetic valve (17), another termination gas piston (71) of electromagnetic valve (17), have one can promote the handle that pushes away that master brake cylinder makes it to brake on the piston rod of gas piston (71).
10, device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that adopting the brake actuating system of compression air brake by electromagnetic valve (17), (18), (19), gas piston propelling unit (47) constitutes, one outlet and electromagnetic valve (17) of former self-propelled vehicle air chamber, (18), (19) connect, another termination of electromagnetic valve (19) is used for the air bag (51) of driver's safety precaution, another termination gas piston (47) of electromagnetic valve (18), the piston rod hook (48) and the power-transfer clutch of gas piston (47) articulate, be equipped with deadlock lever (49) on the connecting rod pawl, the top of deadlock lever (49) contacts with skewback on the pedal of clutch, another termination brake piston gas circuit of electromagnetic valve (17).
11, according to claim 5 or 9 or 10 described devices, the electromagnetic valve that it is characterized in that brake actuating system is made of threeway cavity (151), electromagnet (86), inflation vent plug (87), exhaust vent plug (88), pressure spring (89), connecting rod (90), in having the threeway cavity (151) of three ports (83), (84), (85), valve rod (90) with two valves (87), (88) is housed, on the end face madial wall of the threeway cavity (151) that magnet coil (86) is fixing, pull back spring (89) is housed on valve rod (90).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88106672 CN1041322A (en) | 1988-09-23 | 1988-09-23 | Self-propelled vehicle automatic safe means of defence and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88106672 CN1041322A (en) | 1988-09-23 | 1988-09-23 | Self-propelled vehicle automatic safe means of defence and device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1041322A true CN1041322A (en) | 1990-04-18 |
Family
ID=4834338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88106672 Pending CN1041322A (en) | 1988-09-23 | 1988-09-23 | Self-propelled vehicle automatic safe means of defence and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1041322A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1043464C (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1999-05-26 | 现代电子产业株式会社 | Apparatus for and method of preventing car collision utilizing laser |
| US8525655B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 | 2013-09-03 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle control system |
| CN106483992A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-08 | 杭州创联电子技术有限公司 | The air exhaust control device of train braking and method |
-
1988
- 1988-09-23 CN CN 88106672 patent/CN1041322A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1043464C (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1999-05-26 | 现代电子产业株式会社 | Apparatus for and method of preventing car collision utilizing laser |
| US8525655B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 | 2013-09-03 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle control system |
| CN102112348B (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2013-12-04 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Vehicle controlling device |
| CN106483992A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-08 | 杭州创联电子技术有限公司 | The air exhaust control device of train braking and method |
| CN106483992B (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2019-04-16 | 杭州创联电子技术有限公司 | The air exhaust control device and method of train braking |
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