CN104130942A - Agricultural organic waste anaerobic fermentation recovery biogas reaction apparatus and recovery method thereof - Google Patents
Agricultural organic waste anaerobic fermentation recovery biogas reaction apparatus and recovery method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an agricultural organic waste anaerobic fermentation recovery biogas reaction apparatus and a recovery method thereof. The apparatus comprises an acidogenic fermentation phase reactor and a methanogenic phase reactor, a filtering device exists between the acidogenic fermentation phase reactor and the methanogenic phase reactor, wherein the acidogenic fermentation phase reactor adopts a continuous stirred tank reactor, the methanogenic phase reactor adopts an anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed reactor with the ratio of height to diameter of 9:1-10:1, a filtering material made of a nylon filter screen or a polyethylene filter screen is arranged in the filtering device, the aperture size of the filter screen is 0.5-3mm, and a total volume ratio of the acidogenic fermentation phase reactor to the filtering device to the methanogenic phase reactor is 2.5-3.5:1:1. The apparatus and the method can improve the degradation efficiency of agricultural organic wastes in an anaerobic fermentation system, alleviate the bottlenecks of the obstruction technology of equipment and pipelines, reduce the fluctuation interference of northern low temperature environment to the whole anaerobic fermentation system, and improve the running stability and the biogas generation rate of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting that is applicable to and reclaim the highly effective reaction device of biogas and utilize this device to carry out anaerobically fermenting the method that reclaims biogas, belong to environmental engineering and utilization of waste as resource field.
Background technology
Agricultural organic waste comprises all kinds of agricultural crop straws that agriculture production produces, and the feces of livestock and poultry of livestock and poultry cultivation generation etc., intractability is larger, is a great problem of environmental improvement.Carry out anaerobically fermenting using agricultural organic waste feces of livestock and poultry, straw etc. as available resource and reclaim biogas; not only can solve the pollution problem of agriculture production refuse to environment; produced simultaneously biogas can be used as the energy to be continued to be used; innoxious, the minimizing, the resource utilization that have realized waste, meet the policy of China to environment protection and resources.
At present, in the vast Rural areas of China, anaerobic reaction Digestive tract (methane-generating pit) that generally apply and promote or taking mixed fermentation technology as master, although have advantages of that simplicity of design, easy construction, construction cost are low, but owing to exercising the acid-producing bacteria of difference in functionality and methanogen under same environment, cannot make advantage separately give full play to, cause that this running efficiency of system is low, continuity and poor stability, especially at northern cold zone, temperature fluctuation can cause running efficiency of system sharply decline or move unsuccessfully at any time.Two-phase anaerobic technology is the revolutionary change of anaerobic fermentation technology, this technique is separated acidogenic fermentation phase and methanogenic phase, become two independently processing units, the best ecological condition of each self-forming acidogenic fermentation microorganism and product methane fermentation microorganism, realize complete anaerobic fermentation process, thereby increase substantially processing power, treatment effect and the system stability of system.Anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor is as one of Typical Representative of third generation anaerobic reactor, there is the feature more superior than s-generation anaerobic reactor, because it has larger aspect ratio, cloth water condition is even, increase effluent recycling circulation, thereby make inside reactor there is higher upflow velocity, strengthen the stability of granule sludge, impel the interior Sludge Bed of reactor in swelling state, strengthen the mass transfer condition in reactor, reduce dead band, thereby improve treatment effect.At present, existing a large amount of scholars prove that EGSB technique has significant superiority and feasibility for the treatment of low temperature, low concentration wastewater by experiment both at home and abroad.
The northern area of China very cold, especially in the winter time, the restriction of microthermal climate condition makes biogas engineering operating performance poor, and the application of methane-generating pit and popularization and peasant's enthusiasm all lags far behind southern area.Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and the xylogen etc. that contain in cow dung and crop stalk moiety are difficult to be utilized degraded by microorganism, even if at present comparatively popular diphasic anaerobic reactive system, also exist degraded not exclusively, easily to form scum silica frost, thereby the problem that causes reactor or associated pipe to stop up, when reducing processing efficiency, difficulty and the cost processed are increased.
Therefore, the degraded of agricultural organic waste and resource utilization process, especially weather condition are not had degraded and a resource utilization of northern low temp area agricultural organic waste of superiority, and device, process choice to anaerobic fermentation system are had higher requirement.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is for the problems referred to above, a kind of highly effective reaction device and anaerobic fermentation method that is applicable to agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting recovery biogas is provided, utilize principle and the technique of diphasic anaerobic biologic treating technique, improve feces of livestock and poultry, the degradation efficiency of the agricultural organic wastes such as straw in anaerobic fermentation process, alleviate the pipeline and the device blockage that cause because of hard-degraded substances such as straws, reduce the fluctuation interference that northern low temperature environment brings whole anaerobic fermentation system, the operation stability of raising system, shorten the time of anaerobically fermenting, improve the generation speed of biogas in anaerobic fermentation process.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is for achieving the above object: agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting reclaims biogas reaction unit, comprise acidogenic fermentation phase reactor, methanogenic phase reactor, it is characterized in that being provided with filtration unit on the connecting tube of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor and methanogenic phase reactor, described filtration unit comprises pyramid type housing, in housing inner chamber, be provided with filtering material, housing top is provided with the cover plate that can open or seal, the upper and lower two ends of housing offer opening for feed and discharge port, the level attitude of opening for feed is lower than the discharge port of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor.
The level attitude of described filtration unit opening for feed is at least 2/3 of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor total height lower than the distance of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor discharge port.
As preferably, described filtering material is nylon leaching net or polyethylene filter screen, and aperture of filter screen size is 0.5mm ~ 3mm, and its position is positioned at 1/2 place of filtration unit total height.
As preferably, acidogenic fermentation phase reactor comprises housing, the opening for feed of housing bottom, the discharge port of the housing one nearly upper end of side, and housing top is provided with venting hole, and enclosure interior is provided with blade agitators.Preferably adopt continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR).
As preferably, methanogenic phase reactor comprises housing, housing inner chamber is divided into reaction zone and settling region, opening for feed is positioned on the bottom shell of reaction zone, and opening for feed top, inside, reaction zone are provided with water distributor, and venting hole is positioned at housing top, discharge port is positioned at housing top cover below, housing side, reaction zone is provided with warming probe and redox potential probe, is provided with recycling effluent mouth on settling region housing, and water outlet is provided with the connection of reflux line connection opening for feed and realizes internal reflux.Preferably adopt anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed reactor
As preferably, recycling effluent mouth is positioned at 1/3 ~ 1/2 place of reactor settling region total height.
As preferably, on the opening for feed connecting tube of filtration unit discharge port and methanogenic phase reactor, be provided with peristaltic pump.
As preferably, the aspect ratio of described methanogenic phase reactor reaction zone is 9:1 ~ 10:1.
As preferably, acidogenic fermentation phase reactor, filtration unit, methanogenic phase reactor cumulative volume ratio are 2.5 ~ 3.5:1:1.
For realizing the object of the invention, provide a kind of agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting to reclaim biogas reaction unit recovery method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) raw material after pretreatment, taking total solid concentration in 8% ~ 12% acidogenic fermentation phase reactor being added to through vacuumizing in advance deoxygenation, and inoculate biogas digested liquor of biogas generating pit in reactor, every 2h stirs 5min, keep 37 DEG C of anaerobically fermentings to move continuously, until fermented liquid pH is reduced to 6.2 ~ 6.5 and keep constant by initial 7.0 ~ 7.2 in reactor, and acetic acid dominate in end liquid phase tunning, described raw material is the mixture of feces of livestock and poultry or feces of livestock and poultry and crop stalk, keeping total C:N in raw material is 20 ~ 30:1, obtain acidogenic fermentation product,
B) acidogenic fermentation product is fed in filtration unit and is filtered, height pressure difference and action of gravity by acidogenic fermentation phase reactor discharge port and filtration unit opening for feed realize solid-liquid separation, the solid substances such as the straw residue of some can not be degraded by microorganisms utilization or utmost point difficult degradation utilizations are stayed the above part of filtering material in filtration unit, and the liquid that includes the short chain small organic molecule matter such as VFA enters into the following part of filtration unit filtering material;
C) liquid after filtering is pumped in the mode of continuously feeding in the methanogenic phase reactor of oxygen-free environment, inoculation comes from the anaerobic grain sludge in brew-house or municipal sewage plant UASB reactor, controlling methanogenic phase reactor reflux ratio is 2:1, to reach upflow velocity in dilution water inlet and raising reactor, to maintain the stable effect of granule sludge, keep 32 ~ 35 DEG C of anaerobic reactions to move continuously, the collecting methane that venting hole is discharged is in air collector.
As preferably, described filtration unit is answered periodic cleaning, and manner of cleaning up is cleared up inner solid substance and filtering material for opening filtration unit top cover plate, after each cleaning, should vacuumize to remove the oxygen in filtration unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the application of diphasic anaerobic fermentation unit and technique, Each performs its own functions to make acidogenic fermentation phase microorganism and methanogenic phase microorganism, improved whole system processing efficiency during the fermentation; The introduction of filtration unit, some can not be degraded or the fiber substance of utmost point difficult degradation is separated in time, avoid the degradation process of inefficiency, alleviated the equipment that brings due to the existence of scum silica frost or the technical bottleneck of line clogging, for methanogenic phase provides better matrix environment; The application of EGSB reactor and the introduction of granule sludge, significantly promoted generation efficiency and the subject range of system to temperature condition of biogas; Handling object of the present invention is agricultural organic waste, in reducing environomental pollution source, produce the energy biogas of sustainable use, for controlling Rural Plane Source Pollution, improve life in the countryside condition and be of great importance, the present invention has significant social benefit and ecological benefits.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is acetic acid accounting in embodiment 3 acidogenic fermentation phase reactor pH variations and tunning.
Fig. 3 is the COD test curve figure of embodiment 3 methanogenic phase reactor input and output materials.
Fig. 4 is biogas output and methane content graphic representation over time in embodiment 3.
In Fig. 1: 1-acidogenic fermentation phase reactor; 2-opening for feed; 3-discharge port; 4-venting hole; 5-blade agitators; 6-thief hole; 7-air collector; 8-gas meter; 9-methanogenic phase reactor; 10-reaction zone; 11-settling region; 12-opening for feed; 13-water distributor; 14-venting hole; 15-discharge port; 16-warming probe; 17-redox potential probe; 18-return line; 19-return line water outlet; 20-triphase separator; 21-rising pipe; 22-filtration unit; 23-filtering material; 24-opening for feed; 25-discharge port; 26-peristaltic pump.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing discloses the basic structure of the embodiment of the present invention without limitation, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1: agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting reclaims biogas reaction unit, comprise acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1, methanogenic phase reactor 9, on the connecting tube of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1 and methanogenic phase reactor 9, be provided with filtration unit 22, described filtration unit 22 comprises pyramid type housing, in housing inner chamber, be provided with filtering material 23, housing top is provided with the cover plate that can open or seal, the upper and lower two ends of housing offer opening for feed 24 and discharge port 25, and the level attitude of opening for feed 24 is lower than the discharge port 3 of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1.The level attitude of described filtration unit 22 opening for feeds 24 is 2/3 of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1 total height lower than the distance of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1 discharge port 3.Described filtering material is nylon leaching net or polyethylene filter screen, and aperture of filter screen size is 0.5mm ~ 3mm, and its position is positioned at 1/2 place of filtration unit 22 total heights.Acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1 is continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), comprises housing, the opening for feed 2 of housing bottom, the discharge port 3 of the housing one nearly upper end of side, and housing top is provided with venting hole 4, and enclosure interior is provided with blade agitators 5.Methanogenic phase reactor 9 is anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed reactor, comprise housing, housing inner chamber is divided into reaction zone 10 and settling region 11, opening for feed 12 is positioned on 10 bottom shells of reaction zone, opening for feed 12 tops, 10 inside, reaction zone are provided with water distributor 13, venting hole 14 is positioned at housing top, discharge port 15 is positioned at housing top cover below, housing side, reaction zone is provided with warming probe 16 and redox potential probe 17, on settling region housing, be provided with recycling effluent mouth 19, water outlet 19 is provided with reflux line 18 and connects opening for feed and connect and realize internal reflux.Recycling effluent mouth 19 is positioned at 1/3 ~ 1/2 place of reactor settling region 11 total heights.On opening for feed 12 connecting tubes of filtration unit discharge port 25 and methanogenic phase reactor 9, be provided with peristaltic pump 26.The aspect ratio of described methanogenic phase reactor 9 reaction zones 10 is 9:1 ~ 10:1.Acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1, filtration unit 22, methanogenic phase reactor 9 cumulative volume ratios are 2.5 ~ 3.5:1:1.
Embodiment 2: with reference to embodiment 1, the level attitude of described filtration unit 22 opening for feeds 24 equates with acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1 total height lower than the distance of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1 discharge port 3, is 25cm.
Described filtering material 23 materials be chosen as nylon leaching net, aperture of filter screen size is 2mm, its position is positioned at 1/2 place of filtration unit 22 total heights.The height of described methanogenic phase reactor 9 reaction zones 10 is 650mm, and internal diameter is 70mm, and aspect ratio is 9.3:1.Described acidogenic fermentation phase reactor 1, filtration unit 22, methanogenic phase reactor 9 cumulative volumes are respectively 15L, 5L, 5L, and cumulative volume is than being 3:1:1.
Embodiment 3: agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting reclaims biogas reaction unit recovery method, comprises the following steps:
A) raw material after pretreatment, taking total solid concentration in the 12% acidogenic fermentation phase reactor being added to through vacuumizing in advance deoxygenation, and inoculate biogas digested liquor of biogas generating pit in reactor, every 2h stirs 5min, keep 37 DEG C of anaerobically fermentings to move continuously, until fermented liquid pH is reduced to 6.2 ~ 6.5 and keep constant by initial 7.0 ~ 7.2 in reactor, and acetic acid dominate in end liquid phase tunning, described raw material is the mixture of feces of livestock and poultry or feces of livestock and poultry and crop stalk, keeping total C:N in raw material is 20 ~ 30:1, obtains acidogenic fermentation product;
B) acidogenic fermentation product is fed in filtration unit and is filtered, height pressure difference and action of gravity by acidogenic fermentation phase reactor discharge port and filtration unit opening for feed realize solid-liquid separation, the solid substances such as the straw residue of some can not be degraded by microorganisms utilization or utmost point difficult degradation utilizations are stayed the above part of filtering material in filtration unit, and the liquid that includes the short chain small organic molecule matter such as VFA enters into the following part of filtration unit filtering material;
C) liquid after filtering is pumped in the mode of continuously feeding in the methanogenic phase reactor of oxygen-free environment, inoculation comes from the anaerobic grain sludge in brew-house or municipal sewage plant UASB reactor, controlling methanogenic phase reactor reflux ratio is 2:1, to reach upflow velocity in dilution water inlet and raising reactor, to maintain the stable effect of granule sludge, keep 35 DEG C of anaerobic reactions to move continuously, the collecting methane that venting hole is discharged is in air collector.Described filtration unit is answered periodic cleaning, and manner of cleaning up is cleared up inner solid substance and filtering material for opening filtration unit top cover plate, after each cleaning, should vacuumize to remove the oxygen in filtration unit.
In the present embodiment acidogenic fermentation phase reactor pH change and tunning in acetic acid accounting as shown in Figure 2.
In the present embodiment, the COD test curve figure of methanogenic phase reactor input and output material as shown in Figure 3.
In the present embodiment, graphic representation is as shown in Figure 4 over time for biogas output and methane content.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the examples; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting reclaims biogas reaction unit, comprise acidogenic fermentation phase reactor, methanogenic phase reactor, it is characterized in that being provided with filtration unit on the connecting tube of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor and methanogenic phase reactor, described filtration unit comprises pyramid type housing, in housing inner chamber, be provided with filtering material, housing top is provided with the cover plate that can open or seal, the upper and lower two ends of housing offer opening for feed and discharge port, and the level attitude of opening for feed is lower than the discharge port of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor.
2. agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting according to claim 1 reclaims biogas reaction unit, it is characterized in that the level attitude of described filtration unit opening for feed is at least 2/3 of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor total height lower than the distance of acidogenic fermentation phase reactor discharge port.
3. agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting according to claim 1 reclaims biogas reaction unit, it is characterized in that described filtering material is nylon leaching net or polyethylene filter screen, aperture of filter screen size is 0.5mm ~ 3mm, and its position is positioned at 1/2 place of filtration unit total height.
4. a kind of agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting according to claim 1 reclaims biogas reaction unit, it is characterized in that acidogenic fermentation phase reactor comprises housing, the opening for feed of housing bottom, the discharge port of the housing one nearly upper end of side, housing top is provided with venting hole, and enclosure interior is provided with blade agitators.
5. agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting according to claim 1 reclaims biogas reaction unit, it is characterized in that methanogenic phase reactor comprises housing, housing inner chamber is divided into reaction zone and settling region, opening for feed is positioned on the bottom shell of reaction zone, opening for feed top, inside, reaction zone is provided with water distributor, venting hole is positioned at housing top, discharge port is positioned at housing top cover below, housing side, reaction zone is provided with warming probe and redox potential probe, on settling region housing, be provided with recycling effluent mouth, water outlet is provided with reflux line and connects opening for feed, realize internal reflux.
6. agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting according to claim 1 reclaims biogas reaction unit, it is characterized in that recycling effluent mouth is positioned at 1/3 ~ 1/2 place of reactor settling region total height.
7. agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting according to claim 1 reclaims biogas reaction unit, it is characterized in that being provided with peristaltic pump on the opening for feed connecting tube of filtration unit discharge port and methanogenic phase reactor.
8. agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting according to claim 1 reclaims biogas reaction unit, it is characterized in that the aspect ratio of described methanogenic phase reactor reaction zone is 9:1 ~ 10:1.
9. agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting according to claim 1 reclaims biogas reaction unit, it is characterized in that acidogenic fermentation phase reactor, filtration unit, methanogenic phase reactor cumulative volume ratio are 2.5 ~ 3.5:1:1.
10. the agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting as described in one of claim 1 ~ 9 reclaims a biogas reaction unit recovery method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) raw material after pretreatment, taking total solid concentration in 8% ~ 12% acidogenic fermentation phase reactor being added to through vacuumizing in advance deoxygenation, and inoculate biogas digested liquor of biogas generating pit in reactor, every 2h stirs 5min, keep 37 DEG C of anaerobically fermentings to move continuously, until fermented liquid pH is reduced to 6.2 ~ 6.5 and keep constant by initial 7.0 ~ 7.2 in reactor, and acetic acid dominate in end liquid phase tunning, described raw material is the mixture of feces of livestock and poultry or feces of livestock and poultry and crop stalk, keeping total C:N in raw material is 20 ~ 30:1, obtain acidogenic fermentation product,
B) acidogenic fermentation product is fed in filtration unit and is filtered, height pressure difference and action of gravity by acidogenic fermentation phase reactor discharge port and filtration unit opening for feed realize solid-liquid separation, the solid substances such as the straw residue of some can not be degraded by microorganisms utilization or utmost point difficult degradation utilizations are stayed the above part of filtering material in filtration unit, and the liquid that includes the short chain small organic molecule matter such as VFA enters into the following part of filtration unit filtering material;
C) liquid after filtering is pumped in the mode of continuously feeding in the methanogenic phase reactor of oxygen-free environment, inoculation comes from the anaerobic grain sludge in brew-house or municipal sewage plant UASB reactor, controlling methanogenic phase reactor reflux ratio is 2:1, to reach upflow velocity in dilution water inlet and raising reactor, to maintain the stable effect of granule sludge, keep 32 ~ 35 DEG C of anaerobic reactions to move continuously, the collecting methane that venting hole is discharged is in air collector.
11. 1 kinds of highly effective reaction devices that are applicable to agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting recovery biogas as claimed in claim 10 reclaim biogas method, its feature is answered periodic cleaning at described filtration unit, manner of cleaning up is cleared up inner solid substance and filtering material for opening filtration unit top cover plate, after each cleaning, should vacuumize to remove the oxygen in filtration unit.
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| CN104478172A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method and device for treating organic wastewater with two-phase anaerobic tubular membrane bioreactor |
| CN104474777A (en) * | 2014-12-21 | 2015-04-01 | ***有机肥业有限公司 | Small liquid dung treatment device |
| CN106430864A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-02-22 | 大连爱特流体控制有限公司 | Sewage treatment device capable of generating hydrogen |
| CN106754321A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 辽宁工业大学 | Based Intelligent Control diphasic anaerobic biomembrane marsh gas fermenting system and technique |
| CN106906128A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-06-30 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of diphasic anaerobic fermentation system of application dynamic hydraulic combined stirring |
| CN107384770A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | From reflux cycle nitrification installation and apply its waste dish processing system |
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| CN106906128A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-06-30 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of diphasic anaerobic fermentation system of application dynamic hydraulic combined stirring |
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| CN112760207A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-07 | 湖北洛克泰克仪器股份有限公司 | Two-phase anaerobic fermentation reaction device |
| CN114989966A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-02 | 眉山市城投中恒能环保科技有限公司 | Anaerobic fermentation system and anaerobic fermentation method |
| CN116216925A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-06-06 | 青岛理工大学 | Agricultural waste and sewage cooperative treatment device |
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