CN104129378A - Method for simplifying traction calculation of rail train having regenerative braking process - Google Patents
Method for simplifying traction calculation of rail train having regenerative braking process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104129378A CN104129378A CN201410380386.3A CN201410380386A CN104129378A CN 104129378 A CN104129378 A CN 104129378A CN 201410380386 A CN201410380386 A CN 201410380386A CN 104129378 A CN104129378 A CN 104129378A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simplifying the traction calculation of a rail train having a regenerative braking process. The method comprises the following steps: inputting necessary data and parameters for the traction calculation of the train; simplifying the initial data and the parameters to facilitate computer storage and calculation; carrying out the traction calculation, specifically the traction calculation of an acceleration process, a constant speed process and a braking process; and outputting the results, specifically the result of the traction calculation and the result of the traction power supply. The process of the traction calculation is reasonably simplified through the adoption of the linearization and the piecewise linearization, the electrical quantity change of the train in the regenerative braking process is mainly calculated, the occupation of the resources of the computer can be reduced, the requirement for the initial data for the traction calculation is lower, and only a small quantity of necessary initial data are needed to carry out the traction calculation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to urban track traffic field, relate in particular to a kind of track train containing process of regenerative braking and simplify the method that traction is calculated.
Background technology
Along with the continuous expansion of China's city size, the continuous increase of urban population density, the plurality of advantages such as people improve day by day to the demand of traffic, and urban track traffic is convenient, fast with it, freight volume is large, has obtained development rapidly in China in recent years.But the construction difficulty of urban track traffic is large, cost is high, the cycle is long.It is an important step of Construction of Urban Rail Traffic that city railway train traction is calculated, can be for building and operating series of problems provides theoretical foundation and reference.
City railway train is taking electric traction as main, and because its traffic coverage is shorter, train starting braking is frequent, and traditional train braking technology relies on brake shoe mechanical braking, has wasted a large amount of energy in braking procedure.In recent years, along with the application of Regenerative Braking Technology, the capacity usage ratio of urban track traffic has obtained very large lifting, the problem of also having brought traction net DC bus-bar voltage to raise simultaneously.In order to study the traction net DC bus-bar voltage situation of change under regenerative brake pattern, must draw calculating to the track train containing process of regenerative braking, obtain train in operational process and traction net between electric current and the exchange of energy, thereby calculate and the Capacity design of regenerative braking device provides basic for traction power supply.The method great majority that existing traction is calculated are developed by special designing institute, are mainly used in resolving running chart, the transport capacity etc. of train, lack the method that the special traction for regenerative brake is calculated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, overcome prior art and lack the problem for regenerative brake traction method of calculating, provide a kind of track train containing process of regenerative braking to simplify the method that traction is calculated.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method that the simplification of the track train containing process of regenerative braking traction is calculated comprises: necessary data and parameter that step 1, input train traction calculate; Step 2, primary data and parameter are simplified to processing, be convenient to carry out Computer Storage and computing; Step 3, draw calculating, specifically comprise: the traction of accelerator, at the uniform velocity process and braking procedure is calculated; Step 4, Output rusults, specifically comprise: traction result of calculation and traction power supply result.
Further, described step 1 is inputted necessary data and the parameter that train traction calculates, and comprises the various run curves of train, as tractive force curve, curve of resistance (resistance empirical equation), brake application curve etc., the quality of train, maximum operational speed, quantity and station spacing etc. stop.
Further, described step 2 is simplified processing to primary data and parameter, is convenient to carry out Computer Storage and computing, the various run curves of train can be carried out to linearization, or key point is chosen.
Further, described step 3 is drawn calculating, and its concrete steps comprise:
1. accelerator: at acceleration phase, train is from static, and the tractive force limit providing according to its tractive force Curves accelerates, until reach by tractive force limit, safe operation speed or other factors.The maximum operational speed limiting, accelerator finishes, and enters at the uniform velocity process; Also there is such situation simultaneously: when station spacing more in short-term, train also does not accelerate to reach maximum operational speed, be about to begin and brake, therefore, in accelerator, calculate braking point corresponding to present speed, this braking point and operating point are compared, if operating point exceedes this braking point, directly enter braking procedure;
2. process at the uniform velocity: in the time of the resistance >=tractive force of train operation, or when train speed reaches after maximum running velocity vm continuously, train no longer accelerates, enter the state of traveling at the uniform speed, calculating train by the speed of traveling at the uniform speed need to how many distances start to brake before stopping, and resolves the braking point of train;
3. braking procedure: when train reaches behind braking point, carry out regenerative brake with maximum braking force, until enter the station.
Further, described step 4 Output rusults, the result of output comprises:
1. draw result of calculation: be mainly the physical quantity situation of change in train travelling process, comprise running velocity, distance, acceleration/accel and the time curve etc. of train;
2. traction power supply result: be mainly the electric parameters situation of change in train travelling process, comprise electric current, the horsepower curve etc. of train;
Output rusults can reflect with the formal intuition of chart, also can store or carry out alternately with other programs with the form of array.
The present invention is by adopting linearization and piece-wise linearization, Rational Simplification the process calculated of traction, focus on that train is carried out to electric parameters in process of regenerative braking and change and resolve; Calculate simple and practical sequencing implementation method is provided for the traction containing process of regenerative braking, be convenient to analyze train and carry out electric current and the power to the feedback of traction net in process of regenerative braking, thereby provide basis for calculating traction net change of voltage situation, for Regenerative Braking Technology provides theoretical reference data; Traction result of calculation can conveniently be carried out mutual and data sharing with other programs, can provide necessary data analysis for other programs.The present invention can reduce and takies computer resource, and the original data that traction is calculated requires lower, only needs a small amount of necessary original data just can draw calculating.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the track train containing process of regenerative braking that the embodiment of the present invention provides is simplified the method flow diagram that traction is calculated;
Fig. 2 is that the track train containing process of regenerative braking that the embodiment of the present invention provides is simplified the diagram of circuit that draws the embodiment of the method 1 of calculating;
Fig. 3 is that the track train that contains process of regenerative braking that the embodiment of the present invention provides is simplified the diagram of circuit that draws the method M language realization of calculating;
Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the present invention provides " No. 15 traction reports calculated of Beijing Metro " tractive force curve;
Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the present invention provides " No. 15 traction reports calculated of Beijing Metro " brake application curve;
Fig. 6 is that the track train containing process of regenerative braking that the embodiment of the present invention provides is simplified the method traction result of calculation schematic diagram that traction is calculated;
Fig. 7 is that velocity curve (right figure) comparison in velocity curve (left figure) and " No. 15 traction reports calculated of Beijing Metro " in result of calculation is drawn in the simplification that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 8 is that accelerating curve (right figure) comparison in accelerating curve (left figure) and " No. 15 traction reports calculated of Beijing Metro " in result of calculation is drawn in the simplification that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 has shown that a kind of track train containing process of regenerative braking of the present invention simplifies the method structure that traction is calculated, and as shown in the figure, the present invention is achieved in that a kind of track train containing process of regenerative braking simplifies the method that traction calculates and comprise:
Necessary data and parameter that S101, input train traction calculate;
S102, primary data and parameter are simplified to processing, be convenient to carry out Computer Storage and computing;
S103, draw calculating;
S104, Output rusults.
Concrete steps of the present invention are:
The present invention, in conjunction with physics and the electrical principle of train operation, chooses the fastest traction policy, adopts the method for Rational Simplification and piece-wise linearization, is specially:
Step 1, inputs necessary data and parameter that train traction calculates, comprises the various run curves of train, as tractive force curve, curve of resistance (or resistance empirical equation), brake application curve etc., the quality of train, maximum operational speed, quantity and station spacing etc. stop;
Step 2, simplifies processing to primary data and parameter, is convenient to carry out Computer Storage and computing.The various run curves of train can be carried out to linearization, or key point is chosen;
Step 3, draws calculating.Its concrete steps comprise:
1. accelerator.At acceleration phase, train is from static, and the tractive force limit providing according to its tractive force Curves accelerates, until reach the maximum operational speed being limited by tractive force limit, safe operation speed or other factors, accelerator finishes, and enters at the uniform velocity process.Also there is such situation simultaneously: when station spacing more in short-term, train does not also accelerate to reach maximum operational speed, is about to begin and brakes.Therefore, in accelerator, calculate braking point corresponding to present speed, this braking point and operating point are compared, if operating point exceedes this braking point, directly enter braking procedure;
2. process at the uniform velocity.In the time of the resistance >=tractive force of train operation, or reach after maximum running velocity vm continuously when train speed, train no longer accelerates, and enters the state of traveling at the uniform speed.Calculating train by the speed of traveling at the uniform speed need to how many distances start to brake before stopping, and resolves the braking point of train;
3. braking procedure.When train reaches behind braking point, carry out regenerative brake with maximum braking force, until enter the station;
Step 4, Output rusults.The result of output comprises:
1. draw result of calculation.Be mainly the physical quantity situation of change in train travelling process, comprise running velocity, distance, acceleration/accel and the time curve etc. of train;
2. traction power supply result.Be mainly the electric parameters situation of change in train travelling process, comprise electric current, the horsepower curve etc. of train;
Output rusults can reflect with the formal intuition of chart, also can store or carry out alternately with other programs with the form of array.
Specific embodiments of the invention 1:
Fig. 2 shows a kind of track train containing process of regenerative braking of the present invention and simplifies the method flow that traction is calculated, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, starts;
Step 2, judges whether operating point is more than or equal to the braking point that present speed is corresponding, and the words that are jump to step 10; No words continue step 3;
Step 3, judges whether present speed is more than or equal to maximum speed, and the words that are jump to step 6, and no words continue step 4;
Step 4, judges whether resistance is more than or equal to tractive force, and the words that are jump to step 6, and no words continue step 5;
Step 5, accelerated movement process;
Step 6, has reached the state of traveling at the uniform speed, calculates braking point according to present speed;
Step 7, judges whether operating point is more than or equal to braking point, and the words that are jump to step 10, and no words jump to step 8;
Step 8, uniform movement process;
Step 9, calculates tractive output and traction current;
Step 10, judges whether operating point is more than or equal to terminal, and the words that are jump to step 12, and no words continue step 11;
Step 11, braking procedure;
Step 12, draws traction result of calculation curve, then finishes.
Specific embodiments of the invention:
According to method flow as shown in Figure 2, as reference, adopt the M language in MATLAB to realize taking " No. 15 line traction reports calculated of Beijing Metro ", its implementation procedure is as shown in Figure 3, specific as follows:
(1) to variable state, definition and initialization;
(2) abbreviation of parameter and input;
The call parameter that traction is calculated is simplified in input, comprises that tractive force curve (as shown in Figure 4), brake application curve (as shown in Figure 5), resistance empirical equation, the train weight of train is 300t, maximum operational speed 100km/h, station spacing 3km etc.
The tractive force curve of the train shown in Fig. 4 is carried out to piece-wise linearization, is expressed as follows:
Wherein, T represents tractive force, and unit is newton (N), v representation speed, and unit is m/s;
Brake application curve shown in Fig. 5 is reduced to maximum braking force, thinks that train brakes with maximum braking force, be expressed as follows:
Z＝250000N (2)
Wherein, Z represents braking force;
Resistance empirical equation can use Davis's formula, is expressed as follows:
R＝6.4×M+130×n+0.14×M×v+[0.046+0.0065×(N-1)]×A×v
2 (3)
Wherein, R represents resistance, and unit is newton (N), and in formula, the physical significance of each symbol and value are as follows:
M: train weight, get 300t
N: axletree number, 24
V: the speed of a motor vehicle, 0～100km/h
N: vehicle number, 6
A: front end area, 10m
2;
(3) train travelling process resolves;
1. train travelling process principle analysis;
Force analysis in train travelling process can represent with following formula:
F＝T-R-Z＝m*a (4)
Wherein, F is for making a concerted effort, and T represents tractive force, and R represents resistance, and Z represents braking force, and m represents train weight, and a is acceleration/accel.In accelerator, braking force Z is zero; At the uniform velocity, in process, the F that makes a concerted effort is zero; In braking procedure, tractive force T is zero;
Speed in train travelling process and distance computing formula are as shown in (5) and (6);
v2＝v1+a*t (5)
S2＝S1+v1*t+0.5a*t2 (6)
In train traction process, tractive output is expressed as follows:
P＝(T-Z)*v (7)
Wherein, P is tractive output, and T is tractive force, and Z is braking force, and v is train running speed.
Traction current is expressed as follows:
I＝P/U (8)
Wherein, I is traction current, and P is tractive output, and U is traction net voltage, and getting rated voltage is 1500V.
Because train operation is a typical non-linear process, according to the thought of piece-wise linearization, get an enough little t (getting 1s in the present embodiment).In period 1:t1 (+)～t2 (-) (wherein t2=t1+t), in t1 (+) moment, by current running state and running velocity v1, obtain corresponding tractive force T, braking force Z and resistance R according to formula (1) (2) and (3); Carry out force analysis according to formula (4), and think that train is constant in interior suffered power of period 1, operational process is linear; By the initial velocity v1 in t1 moment, initial distance S1 and force analysis, can calculate speed v 2 and the distance S2 in t2 (-) moment according to formula (5) and (6).
Period 2:t2 (+)～t3 (-) (wherein t3=t2+t), re-start solving of power and force analysis in t2 (+) moment according to current running state and running velocity v2, and with reference to the process of resolving of period 1, by that analogy;
2. Accelerating running process, braking force Z is zero, F=T-R.
Within first calculation interval 0～t (-) time, rate of onset v1=0, distance S1=0.According to formula (1) calculated tractive effort T.According to formula (3), calculate resistance R.According to formula (4), calculate acceleration/accel a.According to formula (5) and (6), calculate speed v 2 and the distance S2 in t (-) moment.According to formula (7) and (8), calculate current tractive output P and traction current I.
At second calculation interval t (+)～2t (-), rate of onset is v2, and initial distance is S2.According to the computation process in 0～t (-) time, calculate speed, distance, power and the traction current in 2t (-) moment.
In n calculation interval (n-1) * t (+)～n*t (-) (n=1,2 ...), by that analogy.
3. between n and n+1 calculation interval, judge whether train operation state changes.Need to do following three judgements:
A. calculate braking point according to present speed, if operating point >=braking point directly enters braking mode, otherwise enter next judgement;
If B. present speed >=maximum speed, enters at the uniform velocity state, otherwise enter next judgement;
If C. current resistance >=tractive force, enters at the uniform velocity state, otherwise proceeds accelerated movement.
Calculate the process of braking point according to present speed, can be regarded as initial velocity and be the inverse process of zero accelerator, train is decelerated to zero process by speed v.
4. enter at the uniform velocity state, the F that makes a concerted effort is zero, acceleration/accel a=0, v1=v2.Calculate next operating point according to formula (6).Calculate braking point according to present speed.If operating point >=braking point, enters braking mode, otherwise proceeds uniform movement.Calculate current tractive output P and traction current I.
5. enter braking mode, tractive force T is zero, obtains F=-Z-R by formula (4), is made a concerted effort for train provides to slow down by braking force T and resistance R.According to formula (7) and (8), now the tractive output of train and traction current are negative value, while representing that train carries out regenerative brake, to traction net regenerative braking power and braking current.The initial point of braking procedure is the terminal of laststate, resolves process consistent with the calculation method of accelerator, referring to 2.; The end point judging condition of braking procedure is operating point >=terminal, if this formula is set up, braking procedure clearing finish (terminal is station spacing).
(4) data interaction of traction result of calculation output.
The traction result of calculation of the present embodiment can be with the formal output of chart, as shown in Figure 6; Partial results in Fig. 6 and the traction result of calculation of " No. 15 traction reports calculated of Beijing Metro " are contrasted, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, can find out, the present embodiment result and existing traction report calculated result have good similarity, have verified correctness and the feasibility of this method.
Traction result of calculation also can be carried out alternately with other programs, and for example tractive output and traction current can carry out traction power supply calculating, resolves traction net change of voltage situation in the operational process that train carries out regenerative brake etc.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendments that performing creative labour can make or distortion still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a method of calculating containing the track train simplification traction of process of regenerative braking, is characterized in that, the method that should calculate containing the track train simplification traction of process of regenerative braking comprises:
Necessary data and parameter that step 1, input train traction calculate;
Step 2, simplifies processing to primary data and parameter, is convenient to carry out Computer Storage and computing;
Step 3, draws calculating, specifically comprises: the traction of accelerator, at the uniform velocity process and braking procedure is calculated;
Step 4, Output rusults, specifically comprises: traction result of calculation and traction power supply result.
2. the track train containing process of regenerative braking according to claim 1 is simplified the method that traction is calculated, it is characterized in that, in step 1, necessary data and parameter that input train traction calculates, comprise the various run curves of train, as tractive force curve, curve of resistance, brake application curve, the quality of train, maximum operational speed, the quantity that stops and station spacing.
3. the track train containing process of regenerative braking according to claim 1 is simplified the method that traction is calculated, it is characterized in that, described step 2 is simplified processing to primary data and parameter, be convenient to carry out Computer Storage and computing, the various run curves of train are carried out to linearization, or key point is chosen.
4. the track train containing process of regenerative braking according to claim 1 is simplified the method that traction is calculated, and it is characterized in that, step 3 is drawn calculating, and concrete steps comprise:
The first step, accelerator: at acceleration phase, train is from static, the tractive force limit providing according to its tractive force Curves accelerates, until reach the maximum operational speed being limited by tractive force limit, safe operation speed or other factors, accelerator finishes, and enters at the uniform velocity process; When station spacing more in short-term, train also does not accelerate to reach maximum operational speed, be about to begin and brake, in accelerator, calculate braking point corresponding to present speed, braking point corresponding present speed and operating point are compared, if operating point exceedes the braking point that present speed is corresponding, directly enter braking procedure;
Second step, at the uniform velocity process: in the time of the resistance >=tractive force of train operation, or when train speed reaches after maximum running velocity vm continuously, train no longer accelerates, enter the state of traveling at the uniform speed, calculating train by the speed of traveling at the uniform speed need to how many distances start to brake before stopping, and resolves the braking point of train;
The 3rd step, braking procedure: when train reaches behind braking point, carry out regenerative brake with maximum braking force, until enter the station.
5. the track train containing process of regenerative braking according to claim 1 is simplified the method that traction is calculated, it is characterized in that, and described step 4 Output rusults, the result of output comprises:
Traction result of calculation: be the physical quantity situation of change in train travelling process, comprise running velocity, distance, acceleration/accel and the time curve of train;
Traction power supply result: be the electric parameters situation of change in train travelling process, comprise electric current, the horsepower curve of train;
Output rusults reflects, stores with the form of array with the formal intuition of chart.
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