CN104128364A - Novel petroleum desorption agent reinforced by sodium carbonate - Google Patents
Novel petroleum desorption agent reinforced by sodium carbonate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104128364A CN104128364A CN201410289285.5A CN201410289285A CN104128364A CN 104128364 A CN104128364 A CN 104128364A CN 201410289285 A CN201410289285 A CN 201410289285A CN 104128364 A CN104128364 A CN 104128364A
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- desorption
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical restoration, and aims at providing a novel petroleum desorption agent reinforced by sodium carbonate. The petroleum desorption agent reinforced by sodium carbonate is prepared by shaking an anionic surfactant lauryl sodium sulfate (SDS), a biological surfactant saponin, an auxiliary agent sodium silicate and sodium carbonate in as a solvent of ultrapure water for 50 min at a temperature of 70 DEG C. After preparation, a concentration of anionic surfactant lauryl sodium sulfate is 0.5g/L; a concentration of the biological surfactant saponin is 0.5g/L; a concentration of the auxiliary agent sodium silicate is 5g/L; and a concentration of sodium carbonate is 7g/L. The novel petroleum desorption agent reinforced by sodium carbonate has the following beneficial effects that, under the same experiment conditions, petroleum desorption efficiency of the novel desorption agent is increased by about 5-10% than that of a conventional desorption agent while a use amount of the novel desorption agent is only 1/5 of that of the conventional desorption agent; the novel desorption agent has the characteristics of simple preparation, safety and efficiency, and has wide application prospects in restoration of soil contaminated by petroleum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical recovery technique field, be specifically related to a kind of nonpetroleum desorbing agent that utilizes sodium carbonate strengthening.
Background technology
Long-term being present in soil of the hydrophobic organic pollutants such as oil (HOC) energy, and discharge slowly.Often can cause severe contamination to soil, poison edaphon, be detrimental to health.Numerous about the restorative procedure of HOC contaminated soil both at home and abroad.Wherein physical method is simple, but can not fundamentally reduce pollution, and easily causes the secondary pollution of soil.The environmentally friendly degree of biological species method is high, but the method palpus optimum selection is subject to growth cycle restriction obviously.Chemical enhanced recovery technique is one of recovery technique the most with potential applications during current contaminated soil is repaired, and it is mainly by adding chemical desorbing agent in soil, reaching the desorption to HOC in soil.Therefore select suitable chemical desorbing agent to become the key of chemical recovery technique.
Presently used chemical desorbing agent is mainly comprised of surfactant and auxiliary agent.Conventionally, cationic surfactant, because soil belt negative electrical charge is easily by adsorption by soil, greatly reduces remediation efficiency.Anion surfactant dissolubility is good, is easy to degraded, but bivalent cation (Ca easily and in soil
2+, Mg
2+) there is complex reaction, reduced the efficiency of repairing.Non-ionic surface active agent has stronger solubilising power, but absorption loss is comparatively serious on soil, has reduced equally the efficiency of repairing.That biosurfactant has is nontoxic, can biodegradation etc. advantage, but use separately not only, desorption effect is poor, and price is higher, is not suitable for using separately for a long time.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes deficiency of the prior art, and a kind of nonpetroleum desorbing agent that utilizes sodium carbonate strengthening is provided.
For technical solution problem, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of nonpetroleum desorbing agent that utilizes sodium carbonate strengthening is provided, described oil desorbing agent be by anionic (SDS), biosurfactant saponin (Saponin), auxiliary agent sodium metasilicate and sodium carbonate take ultra-pure water as solvent under 70 ℃ of conditions, concussion 50min formulated, each concentration of component after described preparation is respectively: anionic 0.5g/L, biosurfactant saponin 0.5g/L, auxiliary agent sodium metasilicate 5g/L, sodium carbonate 7g/L.
In the present invention, described oil desorbing agent density is at normal temperatures 0.96g/mL, and critical micelle concentration (CMC) is 7.01mg/L.
In the present invention, described sodium carbonate is pure for analyzing, and fusing point is 851 ℃, and density is 2.532g/L, soluble in water.Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh (Sigma's aldrich (Shanghai) trade Co., Ltd).
In the present invention, described lauryl sodium sulfate is pure for analyzing, and fusing point is 205.5 ℃, soluble in water.In the time of 25 ℃, its surface tension is 39.5mN/m.Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh (Sigma's aldrich (Shanghai) trade Co., Ltd).
In the present invention, described biosurfactant saponin, its fusing point is 193 ℃, solution density is 1.015g/L, soluble in water.Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh (Sigma's aldrich (Shanghai) trade Co., Ltd).
In the present invention, described auxiliary agent sodium metasilicate, its fusing point is 1300-1400 ℃, water-soluble, its aqueous solution is alkalescence.Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh (Sigma's aldrich (Shanghai) trade Co., Ltd).
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Under equal experiment condition, the oil desorption rate of this novel desorbing agent has improved approximately 5～10 percentage points than traditional desorbing agent, and its consumption only has 1/5 of traditional desorbing agent consumption, there is the features such as simple, safe and efficient of preparing, effective remedying oil-polluted soils, and can reduce the introducing of pollutant, and reduce secondary pollution, in oil-polluted soils reparation, there is wide application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is under optimum condition, the design sketch of SDS-Saponin to oil desorption;
Fig. 2 is the desorption design sketch of four kinds of different sodium salts to oil;
Fig. 3 is under optimum condition, and concentration is 7g/L sodium carbonate and the compound desorption design sketch to oil of SDS-Saponin of different quality ratio;
Fig. 4 is under optimum condition, and concentration is 7g/L sodium pyrophosphate and the desorption design sketch of the SDS-Saponin compound tense of different quality ratio to oil.
The specific embodiment
Following embodiment can make the technical staff of this professional skill field more fully understand the present invention, but does not limit the present invention in any way.
Thinking of the present invention:
(1) by orthogonal experiment, determine best oil desorption conditions.
(2), under optimum condition, selected desorbing agent is the effect to oil desorption under different quality ratio.
(3) under optimum condition, compare the desorption effect of four kinds of sodium salts to oil, choose the sodium salt with desorbent combination.
(4) sodium salt of relatively choosing and desorbing agent carry out the compound rear effect to oil desorption, choose best desorbent combination.
For solving the problem described in above-mentioned background technology, the solution of the embodiment of the present invention is:
(1) by investigating the feature of different surfaces activating agent and auxiliary agent, finally choose anion surfactant (SDS), biosurfactant saponin (Saponin), as the required surfactant of preparation novel desorbing agent, carries out the desorption experiment of oil.
(2) by orthogonal experiment, determine the optimum temperature of desorption oil, the concentration of the suitableeest concussion time and sodium metasilicate.Three kinds of different temperature (50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃) are wherein set, three kinds of different concussion times (40min, 50min, 60min), three kinds of different sodium silicate silicates (1g/L, 3g/L, 5g/L).
(3) compare four kinds of different sodium salts (NaCl, Na
2cO
3, Na
2sO
4, Na
4p
2o
7) effect to oil desorption, choose the sodium salt with surfactant combination.
(4) under optimum condition, utilize surfactant and the compound experiment of oil desorption, the mensuration oil desorption rate of carrying out of sodium salt of selecting.
(5) compare oil desorption rate, determine best desorbent combination.
(6) oil desorption experimental technique:
Get by the soil of oil pollution, ultra-pure water, required reagent and join in 30mL glass centrifuge tube, in desk-top oscillator, shake, after concussion in centrifuge with the centrifugal 10min of 3000r/min, discard liquid phase and obtain soil.
Described soil is placed in baking oven with 70 ℃ of oven dry, take soil after oven dry in 30mL glass centrifuge tube, add chloroform, the ratio that makes described soil and chloroform is 2g:15mL, power ultrasonic with 50KHz at 50 ℃ extracts 20min, after extraction with the centrifugal 20min of 3000r/min, obtain supernatant and soil precipitation, the earth that fetches earth precipitation is added chloroform (soil does not need to dry) again, repeat three times, clarify to extract, three centrifugal supernatants that obtain are incorporated in triangular flask, at 70 ℃, heating water bath is removed chloroform and is obtained oil again, triangular flask is cooled to room temperature, utilize difference assay to calculate oil desorption rate.
All reagent is all used the pure standard of top grade, utilizes ultra-pure water to carry out solution preparation, and described reagent comprises anion surfactant (SDS), biosurfactant saponin (Saponin), sodium metasilicate and four kinds of sodium salts (NaCl, Na
2cO
3, Na
2sO
4, Na
4p
2o
7).
Wherein, described component sodium carbonate is pure for analyzing, and fusing point is 851 ℃, and density is 2.532g/L, soluble in water.Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh (Sigma's aldrich (Shanghai) trade Co., Ltd).
Described component lauryl sodium sulfate is pure for analyzing, and fusing point is 205.5 ℃, soluble in water.In the time of 25 ℃, its surface tension is 39.5mN/m.Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh (Sigma's aldrich (Shanghai) trade Co., Ltd).
Described component biosurfactant saponin, its fusing point is 193 ℃, solution density is 1.015g/L, soluble in water.Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh (Sigma's aldrich (Shanghai) trade Co., Ltd).
Described component auxiliary agent sodium metasilicate, its fusing point is 1300-1400 ℃, water-soluble, its aqueous solution is alkalescence.Purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh (Sigma's aldrich (Shanghai) trade Co., Ltd).
In this experiment, selected novel desorbing agent has the preparation feature such as simple, safe and efficient, in oil-polluted soils reparation, has wide application prospect.
Embodiment 1: orthogonal experiment is determined the suitableeest oil desorption conditions
Carry out surfactant when oil-polluted soils is processed, need to determine the required optimum temperature of preparation desorbing agent by the method for orthogonal experiment, the concentration of the suitableeest concussion time and the suitableeest auxiliary agent sodium metasilicate, all adopts ultra-pure water as solvent in 9 groups of experiments.The result of test is as shown in table 1.In 9 groups of experiments, the desorption rate of the 9th group of oil is the highest as can be seen from Table 1, is 64.99%, and auxiliary agent sodium silicate silicate is now 5g/L, and temperature is 70 ℃, and the concussion time is 50min, and this condition is the suitableeest oil desorption conditions.
Table 1 Orthogonal experiment results
The effect of embodiment 2:SDS-Saponin to oil desorption
When application SDS and Saponin carry out desorption to oil, desorption rate is all more than 70%, as shown in Figure 1.Under three kinds of different concentration, when SDS and Saponin mass ratio are 8:2, oil desorption rate is minimum, and when SDS and Saponin mass ratio are 5:5,6:4, oil desorption rate is more or less the same.At SDS and Saponin mass ratio, be wherein 6:4, concentration while being 5g/L, desorption rate is the highest, is 82.33%.But now total surfactant concentration is 5g/L, and concentration is higher, easily soil is caused to secondary pollution.
Embodiment 3: the effect of different sodium salts to oil desorption
Sodium salt has certain desorption to oil, but different sodium salts is different to the desorption effect of oil.Four kinds of different sodium salts (sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and sodium pyrophosphate) in comparison diagram 2 can be found out the desorption design sketch of oil, sodium chloride and sodium sulphate are poor to the desorption effect of oil, sodium carbonate and sodium pyrophosphate are better to the desorption effect of oil, when the concentration of sodium salt is 7g/L, sodium carbonate and sodium pyrophosphate are best to the desorption effect of oil.Therefore set sodium carbonate and sodium pyrophosphate concentration is 7g/L, with the compound oil desorption that carries out of SDS-Saponin.
Embodiment 4: different sodium salts and the SDS-Saponin effect to oil desorption
At sodium carbonate (Na
2cO
3), sodium pyrophosphate (Na
4p
2o
7) concentration while being 7g/L and SDS-Saponin carry out compoundly, oil is carried out to desorption, result as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.Add after sodium carbonate and sodium pyrophosphate, oil desorption rate significantly increases, and shows certain promotion effect.Wherein sodium carbonate is better than sodium pyrophosphate and SDS-Saponin compound tense to the desorption effect of oil with SDS-Saponin compound tense, when surfactant total concentration is 1g/L, when SDS and Saponin mass ratio are 5:5, when comparing SDS and Saponin mass ratio and being 6:4 and 8:2, it is the highest that desorption rate reaches, and is 88.36%, ratio has not exceeded 6.03 percentage points while not adding sodium salt, not only desorption efficiency is high, and consumption is few, has reduced the secondary pollution to soil.Result shows, sodium carbonate has obvious invigoration effect to oil desorption, has significantly reduced use amount, reduces the secondary pollution to environment, in oil-polluted soils reparation, has wide application prospect.
Finally, it should be noted that above what enumerate is only specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, can also have a lot of distortion.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention, all should think protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a nonpetroleum desorbing agent that utilizes sodium carbonate strengthening, it is characterized in that, described oil desorbing agent is to be solvent by anionic, biosurfactant saponin, auxiliary agent sodium metasilicate and sodium carbonate and ultra-pure water, under 70 ℃ of conditions, concussion 50min formulated; Each concentration of component after described preparation is respectively: anionic 0.5g/L, biosurfactant saponin 0.5g/L, auxiliary agent sodium metasilicate 5g/L, sodium carbonate 7g/L.
2. according to the nonpetroleum desorbing agent that utilizes sodium carbonate strengthening described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described oil desorbing agent density is at normal temperatures 0.96g/mL, and critical micelle concentration is 7.01mg/L.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105414159A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-23 | 浙江大学 | Method for treating petroleum desorption solution through graphene oxide aerogel |
| CN111847811A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Oil field tank bottom oil sludge treatment method |
| CN111847810A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Oil field tank bottom sludge treatment equipment |
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| CN103599924A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 浙江大学 | Novel desorbent for processing diesel polluted soil and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105414159A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-23 | 浙江大学 | Method for treating petroleum desorption solution through graphene oxide aerogel |
| CN105414159B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2019-02-05 | 浙江大学 | A method of petroleum desorption liquid is handled using graphite oxide aerogel |
| CN111847811A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Oil field tank bottom oil sludge treatment method |
| CN111847810A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Oil field tank bottom sludge treatment equipment |
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Application publication date: 20141105 |