CN104122075A - Method for directly measuring displayer motion blurs and based on moving square block width - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for directly measuring displayer motion blurs and based on moving square block width. The method for directly measuring the displayer motion blurs and based on the moving square block width includes: displaying moving square blocks on a displayer, using a luminance meter to directly record luminance variations of corresponding areas during the moving process of the moving square blocks, using luminance threshold value to obtain time of the square blocks for passing through a measurement area, and figuring out an evaluation index which represents the motion blurs by using moving speed of the square blocks. Compared with a common simulation method, the method for directly measuring the displayer motion blurs and based on the moving square block width can obtain a result close to a subjective evaluation result, and is simple, and wide in application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measurement and the evaluation method of the dynamic display performance of a kind of display, the present invention proposes a kind of dynamic motion fuzzy behaviour of direct measurement display and carry out evaluation method, belong to information display measurement field.
Background technology
Liquid crystal display (LCD) is a kind of passive luminous flat-panel monitor, and it is mainly made up of backlight, thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) array, liquid crystal cell, colored filter, polaroid etc.After backlight is luminous, by the liquid crystal layer by tft array control, through another polaroid outgoing.Liquid crystal molecule deflects under alive driving outside, can change polarisation of light direction, thereby controls outgoing light intensity.Because LCD has the features such as low-work voltage, micro-power consumption, volume are frivolous, high resolving power, LCD has become the display technique of current main flow, is widely used at TV, motion demonstration, car-mounted display, monitor, household electrical appliances etc.
Although the static display characteristic of LCD is good, aspect its dynamic display performance, due to the restriction of its displaying principle, in showing dynamic image, conventionally can produce the fuzzy of image.In general, the dynamic display performance of display, conventionally relevant with its time response.Display is during from current Picture switch to next frame picture, and respective pixel output signal should respond rapidly and be switched to next frame data, if lags in response just there will be " hangover " phenomenon of image so in the time showing moving object.LCD complete liquid crystal molecule deflection need time longer, so its response is slower.And because LCD is voltage maintenance device, pixel brightness in a frame time is constant, therefore the blooming of image border can become more serious.
Human eye is as the carrier that receives picture signal, and its visual characteristic is the Another reason that forms motion blur.When display is during by successively reproducing moving one by one, due to human eye smooth pursuit characteristic, the imaging on retina produces locational skew along with the motion of eyeball; Simultaneously, due to human eye vision persistence characteristic, retina image-forming can not disappear at once but keep a period of time, thus now eye-observation to net result be the blurred picture being formed by the imaging of these diverse locations.As shown in Fig. 1 (a), in the time that LCD shows the image that black square moves in white background, in a frame time, square is all to continue to show, after next frame arrives, this square skips to a certain position display on the right, the like.Therefore, on maintenance display, signal spatially (pixel) and time upper (frame) be all discrete, but because the temporal resolution of human eye is low, human eye only perceives the integration of these discrete signals in following period of time.Therefore the brightness that, retina receives is made up of the brightness of diverse location pixel.And the different pixel in position, also different (edges that particularly suddenly change in gray scale) of its brightness, perceived brightness is just unequal so, has caused the edge of moving object can be perceived as fuzzy.
How characterizing the dynamic display characteristic of LCD, particularly characterize its motion blur degree, is the important content that LCD display characteristic is measured.For the dynamic display performance between convenient more different displays, must there is simple and feasible fuzzy motion measurement method.LCD fuzzy motion measurement method in IDMS (International Display Measurement Standard) standard has following two kinds at present.
1) camera method
With chasing camera and minute surface camera or being shifted to simulate the smooth pursuit of human eye by the frame of high speed camera.The moving image that camera records is just equivalent to the viewed image of human eye, using the edge fog width of institute's document image (blurred edge width, BEW) as the index of evaluating the motion blur order of severity.The method principle is simple, can see by direct modeling human eye, but machinery or optical devices complexity is not easy accurate control, the synchronous difficulty that triggers.
2) analog simulation method
Taking the luminosity response of LCD as basis, utilize mathematical method to simulate smooth pursuit and the eye storage characteristic of human eye, brightness response curve (liquid crystal response curve, LCRC) after the wide motion window of frame integration, become moving image response curve (motion picture response curve, MPRC), and calculate thus the evaluation index edge fog time (blurred edge time, BET).The method is measured simple, only need to know the luminosity response process of LCD, the motion blur image that just can analog computation goes out to perceive, but be limited to the image processing techniques of display, can not realize self-adaptive processing, BET can not be used for analyzing the motion blur under friction speed in addition.
In addition, although motion blur is not obvious on other types display, exist., measure so far still neither one unify evaluating for the motion blur of dissimilar display, most of evaluation index is all for certain particular type display.And analogue simulation method is measured simply, but can not be at the exercise performance of thoroughly evaluating display aspect movement velocity; Although camera method can be analyzed the motion blur under friction speed, but its measurement mechanism complexity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of method that adopts motion square width (motion block width, MBW) to evaluate display motion blur level.This method has used the relative motion of object to simulate the perception of human eye, can analyze the motion blur situation under friction speed, and this method is not used camera as optical gauge in addition, has avoided the problem of synchronous difficulty, has simplified measuring process.
In order to solve the existing problem of prior art, the fuzzy method of a kind of direct measurement display motion of the present invention, its step is as follows:
A) optical measuring instruments is fixed on to the dead ahead of tested display, measured zone is aimed at tested indicator screen all the time;
B) arrive tested display by programmable signal generator output resolution chart, described resolution chart adopts different GTGs from the screen background of tested display;
C) resolution chart at the uniform velocity moves along straight line by setting speed in screen, and optical measuring instruments records the brightness change procedure of measured zone, obtains brightness-time curve;
D) from brightness-time curve, obtain resolution chart according to luminance threshold by the time of measured zone;
E) resolution chart obtaining according to above-mentioned steps by the time and the speed of having set, obtains the motion width of resolution chart in tested display, thereby obtains the degree that tested display motion is fuzzy.
Further, described resolution chart be shaped as rectangle, its length and width are all greater than the measured zone of optical measuring instruments to cover measured zone completely.
Further, the movement velocity of described resolution chart is 5～20 pixel/frame, is spaced apart 1ppf.
Further, the screen background of described tested display and the GTG of tested figure are identical and be the arbitrary arbitrary value in 0～255.
What further, the screen background of described tested display was that 0 GTG and tested figure obtain while being 255 GTG is the black and white dynamic motion fog-level of tested display.
Further, in the time of the motion of the tested figure of high gray scale under low gray scale screen background, its luminance threshold is 10%; In the time of the motion of the tested figure of low gray scale under high gray scale screen background, its luminance threshold is 90%.
Further, described for record brightness change optical measuring instruments comprise nitometer, sub-ray spectrometer or photometer.
Further, described optical measuring instrument is fixed on the dead ahead of tested display, and its measured zone is the optional position on display screen.
Further, the center that the measured zone of described optical measuring instrument is tested indicator screen.The present invention does not design for particular type display, has general applicability, therefore can be applied to CRT, LCD, and PDP, OLED, and in the measurement of the motion blur of FED display.
Dynamic image quality refers to the dynamic readability that display shows in the time showing dynamic menu content, is an important indicator evaluating display quality.But in standard movement fuzzy measuring method, camera method and analog simulation method are conventional methods at present, but all have certain shortcoming.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of motion blur direct measuring method (being called for short motion square method) based on motion square width.
Motion blur direct measuring method based on motion square width is while recording motion square by nitometer measured zone, the brightness change procedure of pixel in measured zone, calculate according to luminance threshold the time of passing through, calculate again the width of motion square in conjunction with square movement velocity, deduct the initial static width of square, obtain motion square wide variety value, and set it as the index of evaluating the dynamic display performance of display.
In more detail, as shown in Figure 1, different displays are in showing same moving image, and the moving object width that human eye perceives is inconsistent.The square width perceiving on retina image-forming coordinate by contrast, can find out, in the situation that square original width is identical, the square width perceiving is larger, motion blur is just more serious, Fig. 1 (a) and (b) provided respectively the situation of two kinds of displays demonstrations of maintenance and impulse type, and square original width is identical, but due to display working method difference, so the motion square imaging width on their each comfortable retinas is also different.Different from edge fog width, motion square width refers to the width of whole motion square, as shown in Figure 2, is that whole square is in motion process, its brightness higher than (lower than) width that forms of all pixels of 10% (90%) luminance threshold
wherein 10% and 90% is that human eye is discovered the threshold value changing less than brightness, once brightness of image is crossed luminance threshold, human eye will be perceived brightness of image obvious variation has occurred.And edge fog width is the width of luminance transition belt edge 10%～90%, as shown in Figure 3,
in addition, edge fog width is to derive from the moving image of moving image response curve or cameras record, and motion square width refers to the relative distance that motion square moves by measured zone.
Further describe as follows to the detail in above-mentioned steps:
First the initial size of square is set, and the height of square and width are greater than the diameter of measured zone, can ensure that like this motion square utilizes the pixel in measured zone more fully.Wherein measured zone at least comprises 500 pixels.In addition, if the movement velocity of object is too fast, human eye is just difficult to catch.So it is comparatively suitable that the movement velocity of square is set to 5～20ppf, speed interval is 1ppf (pixel per frame, ppf).
Comprise nitometer for recording the optical measuring instruments (light ?measuring device, LMD) that brightness changes, or sub-ray spectrometer, or photometer etc.LMD is fixed on the dead ahead of display, and LMD measured zone can drop on the optional position on display screen, generally aims at the center of screen.Optical measuring instruments is fixed on the position apart from three times of height of display of screen conventionally, and its measured zone is aimed at the center of display, also can be registered in addition other positions of screen.
In resolution chart, have two parts, a part is square (prospect), and another part is background.The GTG of square and background is not identical, both can between 0～255 GTG, choose arbitrarily.Conventionally, square is set to complete white (255 GTG), and background is set to black (0 GTG) entirely, and what at this moment obtain is that the black and white dynamic motion of display is fuzzy, and as shown in Fig. 2 .1, MBW shows as the pixel of brightness higher than 10% threshold value.Also can be set to black (0 GTG) entirely by square, background is set to complete white (255 GTG), and as shown in Fig. 2 .2, MBW shows as the pixel of brightness lower than 90% threshold value.Square and background also can be set to other GTGs, and the motion square width surveyed is so exactly for evaluating the dynamic display performance of display under corresponding GTG.
In the time that square enters nitometer measured zone, the brightness that nitometer records is gradually varied to prospect brightness from background luminance, the brightness meeting of surveying rises to square always and enters whole measured zone completely, and keeps a period of time (retention time length depends on square width size); In the time that square starts to leave measured zone, nitometer starts to decline from high-high brightness, and when dropping to square always and leave measured zone completely, the now brightness of nitometer is background luminance.Nitometer is exactly the brightness change procedure that has recorded the corresponding pixel of measured zone so, and this process is because the motion of square causes.Therefore, nitometer record is the motion process of square.
The Liang Du recording according to nitometer ?time curve and luminance threshold, just can calculate square passing through the time by measured zone.By the time with reach the time corresponding point of luminance threshold start calculate, finish until again cross luminance threshold.Motion for high gray scale square under low gray scale background, its luminance threshold is 10%; Motion for low gray scale square under high gray scale background, its luminance threshold is 90%.That is: when square GTG is higher than background GTG, so luminance threshold be exactly square and background luminance poor 10%; When square GTG is during lower than background GTG, luminance threshold be exactly square and background luminance poor 90%.
Then according to by time and set square movement velocity, just can calculate the motion width of square.
Motion square width=by time × square movement velocity
After calculating motion square width, deduct static square width and just can obtain motion square wide variety, change greatlyr, show that the motion blur of square is more serious.
Motion square wide variety=motion square width-static square width
Can be using motion square wide variety separately as evaluation index, under identical speed, motion square wide variety is larger, represents that motion blur is more serious.
In addition, also the motion square wide variety under friction speed can be carried out to regretional analysis, calculate a comprehensive evaluation index, be convenient to comprehensively compare on different displays.As shown in Figure 4, be the desirable schematic diagram of the motion square width of three displays under friction speed.Movement velocity is faster, and the motion width of square is just larger, but the dynamic perfromance difference that different displays show.So different displays are under same movement speed, motion square width is discrepant, and square width is larger, and motion blur is more serious.Square width under comprehensive all movement velocitys, its slope is overall target, be referred to as motion square width Bianization ?movement velocity ratio.Slope is less, represents the increase of motion blur along with movement velocity, and slight variation only occurs, and the overall dynamics display performance of this display is better.Adopt said method, can realize the Quick Measurement of the dynamic display performance of display.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show motion blur produce reason, wherein slash mark human eye smooth pursuit track; The motion blur of Fig. 1 (a) maintenance display, as LCD; The motion blur of Fig. 1 (b) impulse type display, as CRT.
Fig. 2 .1a is high gray motion square rest image.
Fig. 2 .1b is high gray motion square moving image.
Fig. 2 .1c is the motion blur width indication figure of high gray motion square.
Fig. 2 .2a is low order motion square rest image.
Fig. 2 .2b is low order motion square moving image.
Fig. 2 .2c is the motion blur width indication figure of low GTG motion square.
Fig. 3 is the production process of motion blur; Wherein Fig. 3 a is rest image schematic diagram; Fig. 3 b is moving image schematic diagram; Fig. 3 c is edge fog width indication figure.
Fig. 4 is the desirable schematic diagram that the result of motion square method acquisition is carried out to regretional analysis.
Fig. 5 is motion square method instrumentation plan, and in figure, double arrowed line represents the width of motion square, wherein, and figure
5 (a) are static square instrumentation plans; Fig. 5 (b) is motion square instrumentation plan.
Fig. 6 is the motion blur measurement result under different motion speed.
Fig. 7 is 9 direct contrasts that different display motion are fuzzy.
Fig. 8 is three kinds of good and bad sequences of the dynamic display performance of 9 displays that fuzzy motion measurement method is corresponding.
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the fuzzy direct measuring method of display motion based on motion square width, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Fig. 5 is the instrumentation plan of motion square method, and the brightness that adopts nitometer directly to record measured zone changes, and indirectly reflects the width of motion square.Nitometer is fixed on the dead ahead of display, and measured zone is aimed at the center of display all the time, motion be only white square (from left to right circulation even speed motion).
By the brightness change procedure of nitometer record display device central area pixel, can obtain the inswept display center required time of white square t.So, width MBW and the motion square wide variety value Δ MBW of white motion square just can obtain by through type (1):
ΔMBW＝MBW-w
0(1)
＝t×v-w
0
Wherein, v is the movement velocity (unit: pixel/frame) of square.T is by time (unit: second).W
0it is static square width.
Motion square method is the time of directly measuring the inswept display center of motion square, and then calculates square width in conjunction with movement velocity and characterize motion blur, and this is a kind of quick and easy measuring method.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment adopts LCD that method of the present invention measured certain model motion square wide variety value under different movement velocitys.Its result as shown in Figure 6.
In experiment, the model of nitometer be PR ?680L, its sample frequency is 20kHz, measured angular is 1 °.Vision signal by flying-spot video generator VG ?870B output, image resolution ratio is 1024 × 768, refresh rate is 60Hz, the width of static square is 512pixels.Square movement velocity, from changing between 5ppf to 20ppf, is spaced apart 1ppf, totally 16 movement velocitys.
By the brightness change procedure of nitometer record display device central area pixel, in the time that square enters nitometer measured zone, the brightness that nitometer records is gradually varied to prospect brightness from background luminance, the brightness meeting of surveying rises to square always and enters whole measured zone completely, and keeps a period of time; In the time that square starts to leave measured zone, nitometer starts to decline from high-high brightness, and when dropping to square always and leave measured zone completely, the now brightness of nitometer is background luminance.Just can judge that according to luminance threshold 10% white square has just entered measured zone, make to measure brightness and start to be greater than 10%; Until square just leaves measured zone, make to measure brightness and be less than 10%, be exactly the inswept display center required time of white square t during this period of time.So, motion square wide variety can be obtained by following formula:
ΔMBW＝t×v-w
0
Wherein, v is the movement velocity (unit: pixel/frame) of square.T is by time (unit: second).W
0it is static square width.
Under 16 movement velocitys, measured respectively motion square width, square movement velocity, from changing between 5ppf to 20ppf, is spaced apart 1ppf, totally 16 movement velocitys.Fig. 6 has provided the result of motion square width under the different motion speed measuring.Can see, in the time that square movement velocity is 6ppf, motion square width has increased by 10 pixels.In the time that square movement velocity is increased to 9ppf, motion square width has increased by 11 pixels.It is more serious that the increase of square width shows as fog-level.Optimal situation is that motion square wide variety value is always 0, and motion square width equals static square width all the time.
Meanwhile, motion square width under different motion speed is done to linear regression, can obtain motion square width Bianization ?movement velocity ratio, as shown in Figure 6, for this display, this ratio is 0.53.This parameter can be used for the motion blur characteristic of comprehensive evaluation display.For different displays, the size of this ratio just can be used in the dynamic display performance of evaluating between different displays, and ratio is larger, cash into motion blur more serious,
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment adopts method of the present invention to measure the motion square width of 9 different displays, and wherein 6 is LCD display, and 1 is CRT monitor, and 2 is PDP display.Under 16 movement velocitys, measure respectively motion square width, and the motion blur degree of 9 displays of assay accordingly.
In experiment, the model of nitometer be PR ?680L, its sample frequency is 20kHz, measured angular is 1 °.Vision signal by flying-spot video generator VG ?870B output, image resolution ratio is 1024 × 768, refresh rate is 60Hz, the width of static square is 512pixels.Square movement velocity, from changing between 5ppf to 20ppf, is spaced apart 1ppf, totally 16 movement velocitys.
Test schematic diagram is as shown in Fig. 5 (b), and nitometer is directly measured the brightness change procedure in display center region.Fig. 7 is the actual measured results of motion square method.Fig. 7 measures the Δ MBW of each display and the linear fit straight line of movement velocity, its slope be motion square width Bianization ?movement velocity ratio, slope is less, the dynamic display performance of display is better.CRT ?01 ratio minimum, illustrate that the motion blur of CRT is minimum, its motion display characteristic the best; LCD ?03 ratio maximum, in surveyed display, LCD ?03 motion blur the most serious.
In Fig. 7, the linear fit straight line of the result of Different L CD has point of crossing, and this account for motion speed is also the major reason that affects motion blur.For example: LCD ?03 is in the time that movement velocity is less than 11ppf, and its dynamic perfromance is better than LCD ?04,, in the time that movement velocity is greater than 11ppf, the dynamic perfromance of LCD ?04 is better on the contrary.
In addition, do not having motion blur ideally, the Δ MBW under friction speed should be the same, and slope is 0.And measurement result obtain CRT ?01 be negative slope, this is mainly because the scanning effect of display causes.Due to scanning effect, square motion is not continuous, but saltus step.Movement velocity is larger, and the square interval of beating is also larger, causes the measured zone of nitometer to lack a part (usually occur in head just entered measured zone or afterbody just left measured zone time) for whole motion square.This situation is all consistent for all displays, so do not affect overall evaluation.
In order to verify feasibility and the accuracy of motion square method, we compare the result of motion square method and other two kinds of measuring methods (analog simulation method and subjective estimate method).Subjective estimate method adopts 8 experimenters to mark to the square motion blur degree of display in measuring.The result of the whole bag of tricks contrasts as shown in Figure 8.Wherein evaluating corresponding to analogue simulation method is BET, and subjective estimate method is scoring, and motion square method is Δ MBW, and the unit between them is different, for convenient directly comparison, used z ?scores respectively three results are carried out to standardization.
z-score＝(x-mean(x))/std(x)
Can find out, in measuring liquid crystal display motion blur, the measurement result of analog simulation method and motion square method presents high relevant to subjective perception experimental result, but, when analog simulation method is applied in non-liquid crystal display, its measurement result is just undesirable, and now, the measurement result of motion square method is pressed close to subjective assessment result more.Compare analog simulation method and be only applicable to liquid crystal display, the applicable surface of motion square method is wider, and its measurement is also more direct, easy.
Claims (10)
1. directly measure a display motion blur method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A) optical measuring instruments is fixed on to the dead ahead of tested display, measured zone is aimed at tested indicator screen all the time;
B) arrive tested display by programmable signal generator output resolution chart, described resolution chart adopts different GTGs from the screen background of tested display;
C) resolution chart at the uniform velocity moves along straight line by setting speed in screen, and optical measuring instruments records the brightness change procedure of measured zone, obtains brightness-time curve;
D) from brightness-time curve, obtain resolution chart according to luminance threshold by the time of measured zone;
E) resolution chart obtaining according to above-mentioned steps by the time and the speed of having set, obtains the motion width of resolution chart in tested display, thereby obtains the degree that tested display motion is fuzzy.
2. one as claimed in claim 1 is directly measured display motion blur method, it is characterized in that: described resolution chart be shaped as rectangle, its length and width are all greater than the measured zone of optical measuring instruments to cover measured zone completely.
3. one as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is directly measured display motion blur method, it is characterized in that: the movement velocity of described resolution chart is 5～20 pixel/frame, is spaced apart 1 pixel/frame.
4. one as claimed in claim 1 is directly measured display motion blur method, it is characterized in that: the screen background of described tested display and the GTG of tested figure are not identical and be the arbitrary arbitrary value in 0～255.
5. one as claimed in claim 4 is directly measured display motion blur method, it is characterized in that: what the screen background of described tested display was that 0 GTG and tested figure obtain while being 255 GTG is the black and white dynamic motion fog-level of tested display.
6. one as claimed in claim 4 is directly measured display motion blur method, it is characterized in that: in the time of the motion of the tested figure of high gray scale under low gray scale screen background, its luminance threshold is 10%; In the time of the motion of the tested figure of low gray scale under high gray scale screen background, its luminance threshold is 90%.
7. one as claimed in claim 1 is directly measured display motion blur method, it is characterized in that: described for record brightness change optical measuring instruments comprise nitometer, sub-ray spectrometer or photometer.
8. the one as described in claim 1 or 7 is directly measured display motion blur method, it is characterized in that: described optical measuring instrument is fixed on the dead ahead of tested display, and its measured zone is the optional position on display screen.
9. one as claimed in claim 8 is directly measured display motion blur method, it is characterized in that: the center that the measured zone of described optical measuring instrument is tested indicator screen.
10. one as claimed in claim 1 is directly measured display motion blur method at CRT, LCD, PDP, OLED, and the motion blur of FED display measure on application.
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| CN109003569B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2022-03-11 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for determining tail time of display equipment and storage medium |
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