CN104120355A - Ferritic stainless steel with excellent surface quality and manufacturing method of ferritic stainless steel - Google Patents
Ferritic stainless steel with excellent surface quality and manufacturing method of ferritic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses ferritic stainless steel with excellent surface quality and a manufacturing method of the ferritic stainless steel. The ferritic stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.005-0.02 percent of C, 0.3-0.7 percent of Si, 0.1-0.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of S, 16.0-18.0 percent of Cr, 1.0-2.0 percent of Mo, 0.005-0.02 percent of N, 0.4-0.6 percent of Nb, impurity elements such as less than or equal to 0.01 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Al and less than or equal to 0.008 percent of O, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The plasticity and surface quality of the material are improved by controlling low carbon and nitrogen content and adding a certain amount of niobium under the condition that the material has high corrosion resistance; and the quantity of occluded foreign substances in the material is reduced by strictly controlling the content of impurity elements such as titanium, aluminum and oxygen, and the surface quality of the material is further improved. In addition, according to large-deformation cold rolling processing and high-temperature short-cycle annealing treatment, uniform and small grain size of the material is guaranteed, and the surface quality and plasticity of the product are further improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof, particularly a kind of ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof with excellent surface quality, is applied to the aspects such as the exterior panel of automobile, building.
Background technology
Ferritic stainless steel has vast potential for future development in China.From consumer field analysis, China is a household electrical appliances big producing country, and household electrical appliances industry is the use rich and influential family (as 430 trades mark such as grade) of ferritic stainless steel, as the cylinder of washing machine uses ferritic stainless steel; Along with domestic automobile industrial expansion, automobile exhaust system is also the key areas (as 409 trades mark such as grade) that uses ferritic stainless steel; At aspects such as building constructions, indoor and outdoor is decorated particularly roofing and is adopted ferritic stainless steel more have superiority (as 445 trades mark such as grade); At the industrial circle such as petrochemical industry and environmental protection, need better corrosion resistance, and super-purity ferrite stainless steel will become the selection (as 444 trades mark such as grade) in this field; China is maximum in the world hardware manufacture and export base, and ferritic stainless steel also has huge usage space (as 443 trades mark such as grade) in hardware field.
(Cr weight percent content is about ultrapure middle chrome ferritic stainless steel: be 16～22%) emerging in the last few years steel grade, such steel grade improves the corrosion resistance nature of material by reducing carbon nitrogen content, and by adding the micro alloying element (niobium, titanium, vanadium etc.) of Stable Carbon nitrogen to improve the performance such as cold working and welding of material, these trace elements also can improve the surface quality after the cold working of material, as wrinkling degree after can lightening material cold shaping.This steel grade has the corrosion resistance nature substantially suitable with conventional 304 austenitic stainless steels and the good feature of cold shaping performance, and cost is low, can be widely used in the industries such as thermal container, elevator, automobile, goods, electrical equipment.A day new system Gang Deng company of Japan produces this type of steel grade in a large number at present, and the trade mark has NSS180, NSS442M, SUS430J1L, SUS436 etc.Such steel grade is mainly used in replacing low chrome ferritic stainless steel in austenitic stainless steel that price is higher and the poor routine of solidity to corrosion, and in multiple sector applications, market demand is larger.Domestic iron and steel enterprise also starts to produce this steel grade at present, and starts application in multiple industry, as: for internal wallboard of refrigerated container, elevator panel, be also useful on inner and outer decorative parts of automobile and electrical component.The widespread use at home and abroad of visible this steel grade, market outlook are considerable.But in application scenarios such as some automobiles and decorative panel for buildings, the Integrated using performance to material and the requirement of surface quality are more and more higher, so just need iron and steel enterprise to continually develop novel product.
In existing ultrapure middle chrome ferritic stainless steel patent carbon, nitrogen all control lower, and the element that contains the Stable Carbon such as certain amount niobium, titanium, vanadium and aluminium, nitrogen, some patent has also been added certain nickel and copper.Such chemical composition design is all the corrosion-resistant and cold machine-shapings in order to improve material.But the interpolation of the element such as titanium, aluminium easily generates large harder nonmetallic compound particle in material, be rolled and add man-hour these particles and easily come off from material surface at material, thereby affect surface quality.Particularly, for cold rolling bright plate, there is the defect such as surface peeling or striped in titaniferous or aluminium ferritic stainless steel often, and luminance brightness, the roughness of product surface also can decrease.
And require high environment for use for some surface quality, as the outer decoration panel of automobile and Architectural Equipment, such surface imperfection is not allow to occur.Require high ferrite stainless product made from steel will strictly control the content of the element such as titanium, aluminium for surface quality for this reason.To control in addition the content of oxygen element, because oxygen level height can cause inclusion in material to increase, also can bring detrimentally affect to product surface quality.And in previous patent, all not providing the requirement of controlling titanium, aluminium and oxygen level lower in alloy, some patent is just restricted to individual element content in titanium, aluminium and oxygen, but the restriction upper limit is all higher.For example Chinese patent CN1363710 is niobium-ferrite stainless steel, it has added higher niobium element, the mechanical property and the surface quality that improve material are all had to certain benefit, but in this patent, the content of titanium, aluminium and oxygen element is not proposed to strict restriction, be just difficult to effectively be ensured for the surface quality of having relatively high expectations like this.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof with excellent surface quality, keeping on original ultrapure middle chrome ferritic stainless steel corrosion resistance nature basis, make material there is good surface quality by the adjustment of chemical composition and production technique, and suitably improved the cold working plasticity of material.Material of the present invention can be applicable to the decorative element of automobile, building etc.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The present invention is ensureing that material has under the prerequisite of good corrosion resistance nature, by controlling lower carbon, nitrogen content and add a certain amount of content of niobium the plasticity and the surface quality that improve material; And reduce the quantity of inclusion in material by impurity contents such as strict control titanium, aluminium, oxygen, and then improve the surface quality of material; In addition by material being carried out to cold rolling processing and the Short-time Annealing at High-temperature processing of large deformation amount, ensure that material grains size uniform is tiny, and then further improve product surface quality and plasticity.Briefly, by controlling Nb, Ti, Al, O constituent content in steel, then can obtain good surface quality in conjunction with suitable production technique.
Concrete, the ferritic stainless steel with excellent surface quality of the present invention, its chemical component weight per-cent is: C:0.005～0.02%, Si:0.3～0.7%, Mn:0.1～0.5%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.01%, Cr:16.0～18.0%, Mo:1.0～2.0%, N:0.005～0.02%, Nb:0.4～0.6%, impurity element Ti≤0.01%, Al≤0.005%, O≤0.008%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
In the Composition Design of ferritic stainless steel of the present invention:
Carbon: be the element that increases alloy strength, but be difficult for too much, otherwise meeting loss material plasticity and solidity to corrosion are preferably controlled at 0.005～0.02%.
Silicon: add as reductor, too much can reduce plasticity but add.Preferably be controlled at 0.3～0.7%.
Manganese: consider that manganese plays certain advantageous effect to thermoplasticity, but can reduce plasticity and solidity to corrosion too much time, should be controlled at 0.1～0.5%.
Phosphorus, sulphur: for thermoplasticity and corrosion proof consideration, these two elements will be tried one's best lower, should control P≤0.04%, S≤0.01%.
Chromium: improve corrosion proof important element, lower than 16% time, solidity to corrosion is poor, can not reach service requirements, but can increase production difficulty while exceeding 18%, hot-rolled sheet easily produces defects such as " roller marks ", thereby affect cold rolling production board surface quality, be preferably controlled at 16～18%.
Molybdenum: obviously improve corrosion proof important element, lower than 1% time, solidity to corrosion improves not obvious, can not reach service requirements, but can increase production difficulty while exceeding 2%, hot-rolled sheet easily produces defects such as " roller marks ", thereby affect cold rolling production board surface quality, be preferably controlled at 1～2%.
Nitrogen: can gain in strength, require 0.005～0.02%, for ensureing that material has good plasticity and corrosion proof consideration.
Niobium: add a certain amount of Nb, the carbon to material, nitrogen play stable effect, thinning microstructure can improve plasticity, solidity to corrosion and surface quality etc., but little to the use properties benefit of material when more, and increases material cost.Desirable scope is 0.4～0.6%.
In addition, also need to control impurity element Ti≤0.01%, Al≤0.005%, O≤0.008%, reduce the quantity of large size in material, inclusion that hardness is high by controlling these impurity contents, avoid material in the operation of rolling, to occur the defect such as surface peeling or striped, and then improve the surface quality of material.
The manufacture method of the ferritic stainless steel with excellent surface quality of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) smelt, cast
Smelt, be cast into base by following compositions; Its chemical component weight per-cent is: C:0.005～0.02%, Si:0.3～0.7%, Mn:0.1～0.5%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.01%, Cr:16.0～18.0%, Mo:1.0～2.0%, N:0.005～0.02%, Nb:0.4～0.6%, impurity element Ti≤0.01%, Al≤0.005%, O≤0.008%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
2) hot rolling
1150～1200 DEG C of hot rolling initial temperatures, 850～950 DEG C of temperature of hot-rolled end, control hot-rolled sheet thickness 3～6mm;
3) annealing, pickling
Hot-rolled sheet, 1000～1030 DEG C of annealing, is incubated 1～2 minute, then pickling;
4) cold rolling
Control Cold Rolled Plate Thickness 0.4～0.8mm, control reduction >=80%;
5) clean annealing
1000～1030 DEG C of annealing temperatures, are incubated 1～2 minute.
Further, step 1) select electric furnace-AOD-VOD smelting stainless steel, adopt Si deoxidation mode, strictly control Ti, Al, O constituent content, reduce quantity and the size of inclusion as far as possible.
In addition, step 5) carry out secondary cold-rolling and annealing processing after clean annealing, cold rolling reduction >=80%, 1000～1030 DEG C of annealing temperatures, are incubated 1～2 minute.
The present invention selects electric furnace-AOD-VOD smelting stainless steel, continuous casting steel billet; Hot rolling, 1020 DEG C of left and right annealing+pickling; Cold rolling, through 1020 DEG C of left and right clean annealings.This technique can obtain the excellent product of over-all properties.The singularity that it may be noted that stainless steel production method of the present invention is will carry out after hot rolling the cold rolling processing of aximal deformation value, and technique is: cold rolling reduction >=80%, is then incubated annealing in 1～2 minute at 1000～1030 DEG C.Also need if desired to carry out the cold rolling of secondary and annealing processing.Can obtain so evenly tiny grain structure, and then ensure that material has good plasticity, also can improve surface quality.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following advantage and positively effect:
1. manufacturing process is simply effective;
2. stainless steel product has good plasticity, and unit elongation is generally more than 34%;
3. stainless steel product has good surface quality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment of the present invention stainless steel chemical component is in table 1.With electric furnace-AOD-VOD smelting, continuous casting steel billet, slab thickness 200mm, is hot-rolled down to 4mm thick, 1000 DEG C of insulations annealing in 1 minute, and pickling, is then cold-rolled to 0.6mm thick, carries out clean annealing, 1 minute time about 1020 DEG C.Then cold-rolled products being carried out to mechanical property, corrosion resistance nature and surface quality detects.
Example stainless steel cold-rolled plate of the present invention is carried out to tensile property detection (touchstone: GB/T228-1987 metal tensile test method), the results are shown in Table 2.As can be seen from Table 2: the stainless chemical composition of the embodiment of the present invention all meets requirement of the present invention, unit elongation is all more than 34%, and the unit elongation of conventional super-purity ferrite stainless steel is generally below 34%, and visible material of the present invention has good plasticity; From embodiment example 1～3, the content of Nb increases gradually, and plasticity also constantly increases.
It can also be seen that: the Nb content of comparative example 1 is lower than the present invention, and its plasticity is lower, illustrate that the plasticity of material when Nb content is lower is poor; The Nb content of comparative example 2 exceeds the scope of the invention, and its plasticity is without obviously increasing, and illustrate that Nb content material plasticity 0.6% time reaches the best substantially.
According to stainless steel iron trichloride pitting corrosion test method (touchstone: GB/T17897-1999), example stainless steel cold-rolled plate of the present invention is carried out to corrosion resistance nature test, detected result is in table 2.Show that compared with the middle high-chrome super-purity ferrite stainless steel of stainless steel of the present invention and routine, corrosion resistance nature is substantially suitable.Can find out from the embodiment of the present invention 1～3, the content of Nb increases gradually, and solidity to corrosion slightly increases.Cr, Mo content in embodiment 5 are higher, and its corrosion resisting property obviously improves.
Example product of the present invention is carried out to surface quality detection (examination criteria: the high-grade surface quality measurement standard of Baosteel stainless steel plate: at the every 5m in plate surface
2interior defects count can not be more than 1, and defect size can not be greater than 5mm), detected result is in table 2.Result shows that any defect does not all appear in the product surface of the embodiment of the present invention, and excellent surface quality, can reach the surface quality requirement of high-grade decorative sheet, and conventional super-purity ferrite stainless steel is difficult to reach this standard-required.Comparative example 1 has more plate line defect to occur, illustrates that the surface quality of material when Nb content is very few is poor.And the product surface of comparative example 3,4 and 5 all has the more defect of striped or peeling etc. in various degree to occur, surface quality is poor, do not reach the surface quality requirement of high-grade decorative sheet, visible Ti, Al, O constituent content can reduce the surface quality of material when too high.
The wt% of table 1 unit
| Sequence number | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | N | Nb | Ti | Al | O |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.015 | 0.43 | 0.25 | 0.023 | 0.001 | 16.4 | 1.0 | 0.009 | 0.41 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.008 | 0.42 | 0.23 | 0.027 | 0.001 | 16.2 | 1.1 | 0.018 | 0.49 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.017 | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.025 | 0.001 | 16.3 | 1.1 | 0.007 | 0.56 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.014 | 0.43 | 0.23 | 0.029 | 0.001 | 17.2 | 1.2 | 0.010 | 0.46 | 0.009 | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.013 | 0.67 | 0.45 | 0.028 | 0.001 | 17.6 | 1.8 | 0.011 | 0.48 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.011 | 0.45 | 0.23 | 0.026 | 0.001 | 16.3 | 1.3 | 0.011 | 0.35 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.012 | 0.48 | 0.24 | 0.027 | 0.001 | 16.5 | 1.2 | 0.014 | 0.66 | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.011 | 0.43 | 0.22 | 0.023 | 0.001 | 16.3 | 1.3 | 0.012 | 0.45 | 0.013 | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.012 | 0.45 | 0.28 | 0.028 | 0.001 | 17.4 | 1.4 | 0.011 | 0.43 | 0.006 | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.015 | 0.43 | 0.23 | 0.029 | 0.001 | 16.3 | 1.1 | 0.012 | 0.47 | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.011 |
Table 2 test materials mechanical property, corrosion resistance nature and surface quality
Claims (4)
1. one kind has the ferritic stainless steel of excellent surface quality, its chemical component weight per-cent is: C:0.005～0.02%, Si:0.3～0.7%, Mn:0.1～0.5%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.01%, Cr:16.0～18.0%, Mo:1.0～2.0%, N:0.005～0.02%, Nb:0.4～0.6%, impurity element Ti≤0.01%, Al≤0.005%, O≤0.008%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. a manufacture method with the ferritic stainless steel of excellent surface quality, comprises the steps:
1) smelt, cast
Smelt, be cast into base by following compositions; Its chemical component weight per-cent is: C:0.005～0.02%, Si:0.3～0.7%, Mn:0.1～0.5%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.01%, Cr:16.0～18.0%, Mo:1.0～2.0%, N:0.005～0.02%, Nb:0.4～0.6%, impurity element Ti≤0.01%, Al≤0.005%, O≤0.008%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
2) hot rolling
1150～1200 DEG C of hot rolling initial temperatures, 850～950 DEG C of temperature of hot-rolled end, control hot-rolled sheet thickness 3～6mm;
3) annealing, pickling
Hot-rolled sheet, 1000～1030 DEG C of annealing, is incubated 1～2 minute, then pickling;
4) cold rolling
Control Cold Rolled Plate Thickness 0.4～0.8mm, control reduction >=80%;
5) clean annealing
1000～1030 DEG C of annealing temperatures, are incubated 1～2 minute.
3. the manufacture method of the ferritic stainless steel with excellent surface quality as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that step 1) select electric furnace-AOD-VOD smelting stainless steel, adopt Si deoxidation mode, strictly control Ti, Al, O constituent content, reduce quantity and the size of inclusion as far as possible.
4. the manufacture method of the ferritic stainless steel with excellent surface quality as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that step 5) carry out secondary cold-rolling and annealing processing, cold rolling reduction >=80% after clean annealing, 1000～1030 DEG C of annealing temperatures, are incubated 1～2 minute.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105441778A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-30 | 唐艺峰 | Elevator panel stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN107937796A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of method for improving super ferrite stainless steel hot-rolling plate toughness |
| CN108315651A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-07-24 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Super-purity ferrite stainless steel cold-strip steel continuous cold rolling annealing and pickling method |
| CN113737081A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-03 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Stainless steel smelting method, stainless steel modification method and stainless steel |
| CN114592155A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-07 | 福建青拓特钢技术研究有限公司 | High-surface-quality 430 ferrite stainless steel BA plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN103276299A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-09-04 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | High-surface quality ferrite stainless steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103276307A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-09-04 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | High-corrosion resistance high-toughness high-chromium ferrite stainless steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105441778A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-30 | 唐艺峰 | Elevator panel stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113737081B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-04-01 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Stainless steel smelting method, stainless steel modification method and stainless steel |
| CN114592155A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-07 | 福建青拓特钢技术研究有限公司 | High-surface-quality 430 ferrite stainless steel BA plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114592155B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-08-16 | 福建青拓特钢技术研究有限公司 | High-surface-quality 430 ferrite stainless steel BA plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141029 |