CN104118166B

CN104118166B - A kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex and sintering, welded metallization processes

Info

Publication number: CN104118166B
Application number: CN201410372308.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王华彬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Filing date: 2014-07-31
Publication date: 2017-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2034-07-31

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex, described complex is high ceramic layer, high metal level, metal level the most successively, the concrete formula of described high ceramic layer is, the 400 mesh TiC powder of 30wt% 70wt%, Fe powder is 35wt% 60wt%, Mo powder is 1wt% 3wt%, and Ni powder is 2wt% 5wt%, and Cr powder is 6wt% 8wt%；Transition zone is high metal level, and concrete formula is the 400 mesh TiC powder of 15wt% 25wt%, and Fe powder is 60wt% 75wt%, and Mo powder is 1wt% 2wt%, and Ni powder is 3wt% 5wt%, and Cr powder is 6wt% 9wt%.

Description

A kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex and sintering, welded metallization processes

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic metal complex, particularly relate to a kind of steel and the sintering of iron base metal ceramics complex, welded metallization processes.

Background technology

Tungsten is a kind of rare metal, it is widely used in firearms manufacture, the blade of cutting metal, drill bit, superhard mould, wire drawing die etc., the purposes of tungsten is quite varied, relates to mine, metallurgy, machinery, building, traffic, electronics, chemical industry, light industry, weaving, military project, space flight, science and technology, each industrial circle.Cobalt is not only the important meals manufacturing steel alloy, and is the important source material of various senior pigment.Due to tungsten and the restriction of cobalt resource, many western countries give priority to TiC pottery for strengthening phase, nickel and nickel alloy be Binder Phase without tungsten-cobalt hard alloy, and produced in batches.The lean tungsten country of 95% the most gradually uses TiC-Ni system ceramic metal to substitute tungsten-cobalt hard alloy.With resource more horn of plenty, ferrum that price is less expensive and ferroalloy are as the developing direction that the ceramic metal of bonding phase is then future studies.This country not enriched for nickel resources as China, the meaning of exploitation iron base metal ceramics is the biggest.Replace Ni-based bonding phase by iron-based binder mutually, greatly reduce the preparation cost of iron base metal ceramics.Its preparation cost only has the half of nickel based metal pottery.Promote for ceramic-metallic large-scale commercial applications and established solid foundation.Owing to the wettability between TiC pottery and metal is poor.TiC and the ferrum angle of wetting when 1550 DEG C are 40 degree, and TiC and the nickel angle of wetting when 1450 DEG C are 23 degree.The welding performance causing ferrous metals is very poor, it is difficult to connected by conventional welding technology.Iron base metal ceramics can not be welded for welding the brazing technique of hard alloy.Iron base metal ceramics wants expensive a lot of for steel.A lot of applications are well suited for the application of iron base metal ceramics, but entirety iron base metal ceramics prohibitively expensive, constrain the promotion and application of iron base metal ceramics.Therefore, a kind of new technical scheme of exigence solves above-mentioned technical problem.

Summary of the invention

For the problem solving above-mentioned existence, the invention discloses a kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex and its sintering, welded metallization processes, this technical scheme proposes outer surface at steel first lay, and suppress iron-based Ceramics Ceramic composition gradient mixed powder, then by vacuum-sintering, iron-based pottery mixed powder and steel sinter the complex of ceramic metal and steel into.Owing to this complex having one layer of steel, it is possible to be connected with steel again by conventional soldering techniques, thus solve a welding difficult problem for iron base metal ceramics.

To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows, a kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex, described complex is high ceramic layer, high metal level, metal level the most successively, and the concrete formula of described high ceramic layer is, the 400 mesh TiC powder of 30wt% 70wt%, Fe powder is 35wt% 60wt%, Mo powder is 1wt% 3wt%, and Ni powder is 2wt% 5wt%, and Cr powder is 6wt% 8wt%；Transition zone is high metal level, and concrete formula is the 400 mesh TiC powder of 15wt% 25wt%, and Fe powder is 60wt% 75wt%, and Mo powder is 1wt% 2wt%, and Ni powder is 3wt% 5wt%, and Cr powder is 6wt% 9wt%.

As a modification of the present invention, described complex is high ceramic layer, high metal level, metal level the most successively, the concrete formula of described high ceramic layer is, the 400 mesh TiC powder of 30wt% 50wt%, Fe powder is 39wt% 57wt%, Mo powder is 1wt% 2wt%, and Ni powder is 3wt% 4wt%, and Cr powder is 7wt% 8wt%；Transition zone is high metal level, and concrete formula is the 400 mesh TiC powder of 20wt% 23wt%, and Fe powder is 62wt% 72wt%, and Mo powder is 1wt% 2wt%, and Ni powder is 3wt% 4wt%, and Cr powder is 7wt% 8wt%.

As a modification of the present invention, described metal level is steel, and described Fe powder, Mo powder, Ni powder, Cr Powder Particle Size are 190 210 mesh, preferably 200 mesh, and described metal level is steel, and described high metal level is set to one layer or multilamellar.As desired to arrange, effectively produce to meet industrialization, be traditionally arranged to be one layer.

A kind of steel and the sintering of iron base metal ceramics complex, welded metallization processes, it is characterized in that: described in comprise the following steps that, 1) after the powder each mix homogeneously that will prepare, by mould, the upper surface at metal level first lays high metal level, is also high intermediate metal, lay high ceramic layer the most again, being pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level；2) compound blank step 1 obtained is put in vacuum drying oven, evacuation, 3) then with the ramp of 8 12 DEG C/min to 290 DEG C 310 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour；4) it is then followed by the ramp with 8 12 DEG C/min to 590 DEG C 610 DEG C, then is incubated 1 hour；5) continue the ramp with 8 12 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 8 12min, until sintering temperature 1330 DEG C 1360 DEG C；6) sintering is after 1 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace, so that it may acquisition upper surface is ceramic metal, and bottom is the iron base titanium carbide metal complex of steel.

As a modification of the present invention, described comprise the following steps that, 1) after each comfortable mix homogeneously of powder that will prepare, by mould, the upper surface at metal level first lays high metal level, is also high intermediate metal, lay high ceramic layer the most again, being pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level；2) compound blank step 1 obtained is put in vacuum drying oven, evacuation, 3) then with the ramp of 10 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour；4) it is then followed by the ramp with 10 DEG C/min to 600 DEG C, then is incubated 1 hour；5) continue the ramp with 10 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 10min, until sintering temperature 1330 DEG C 1360 DEG C；6) sintering is after 1 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace, so that it may acquisition upper surface is ceramic metal, and bottom is the iron base titanium carbide metal complex of steel.

As a modification of the present invention, comprising the following steps that of described step 1,1) after each comfortable mix homogeneously of powder that will prepare, by mould, the upper surface at metal level first lays high metal level, offers microflute on the metal layer, lay high ceramic layer the most again, being pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level.By this microflute, deformation, thermal stress can be reduced to greatest extent so that the bond strength of complex is high.

As a modification of the present invention, the microflute offered on the metal layer in described step 1, specifically, cut by line cutting mode, width of mini longitudinal channels is at 0.15 0.3 millimeters, and the degree of depth is 0.5 2 millimeters.Preferably width of mini longitudinal channels is at 0.2 millimeter, and the degree of depth is 1.5 millimeters.

Relative to prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows, 1) different in order to relax between iron base metal ceramics from steel because of thermal coefficient of expansion in this technical scheme, cermet coating uses thermal stress to relax design, being divided into two-layer, in the high ceramic layer of outer layer, high ceramic content is high, for heat-resistant antifriction；In the high metal level in intermediate layer, tenor is high, by rational composition proportion so that the thermal coefficient of expansion of this layer is close with steel, reduces thermal stress；2) offering on the metal layer in this technical scheme and put microflute, to be tried one's best narrow of the opening of microflute, when suppressing with mixed powder, powder does not enter and is advisable；Generally use line cutting mode, by this microflute, deformation, thermal stress can be reduced to greatest extent so that the bond strength of complex is high；3) whole technique is simple, easily operates, and this technical scheme solves an iron base metal ceramics welding difficult problem, it is simple to promote the use of on a large scale.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is slug press sectional view of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is another kind slug press sectional view of the present invention；

In figure: 1 be high ceramic layer, 2 be high metal level, 3 be metal level, 4 for microflute.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to deepen that the present invention is appreciated and understood by, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description of the invention, it is further elucidated with the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and the most same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function.The embodiment described below with reference to accompanying drawing is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.

Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, and singulative used herein " ", " one ", " described " and " being somebody's turn to do " may also comprise plural form.Should be further understood that, the wording used in the description of the present invention " includes " referring to there is described feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or assembly, but it is not excluded that existence or adds other features one or more, integer, step, operation, element, assembly and/or their group.It should be understood that when we claim element to be " connected " or during " coupled " to another element, and it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or can also there is intermediary element.Additionally, " connection " used herein or " coupling " can include wireless connections or couple.Wording "and/or" used herein includes one or more any cell listing item being associated and all combinations.

Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical term and scientific terminology have with the those of ordinary skill in art of the present invention be commonly understood by identical meaning.Should also be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood that have the meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of prior art, and unless defined as here, will not explain by idealization or the most formal implication.

Embodiment 1 :

See Fig. 1: a kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex and sintering, welded metallization processes, its mesocomplex is high ceramic layer, high metal level, metal level the most successively, the 400 mesh TiC powder that concrete formula is 50wt% of described high ceramic layer, Fe powder is 39wt%, Mo powder is 1wt%, Ni powder be 3wt%, Cr powder be 7wt%；Transition zone is high metal level, and concrete formula is the 400 mesh TiC powder of 25wt%, Fe powder be 62wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%, Ni powder be 4wt%, Cr powder be 8wt%；The granularity of above metal powder is 200 mesh；Described complex sintering, welded metallization processes are specific as follows, 1) after each comfortable mix homogeneously of powder that will prepare, pass through mould, upper surface at steel 3 first lays high metal level 2, also it is high intermediate metal, lays high ceramic layer 1 the most again, be pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level；2) compound blank step 1 obtained is put in vacuum drying oven, evacuation, 3) then with the ramp of 10 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour；4) it is then followed by the ramp with 10 DEG C/min to 600 DEG C, then is incubated 1 hour；5) continue the ramp with 10 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 10min, until sintering temperature 1360 DEG C；6) sintering is after 1 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace, so that it may acquisition upper surface is ceramic metal, and bottom is the iron base titanium carbide metal complex of steel.

Embodiment 2 :See Fig. 1, a kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex and sintering, welded metallization processes, its mesocomplex is high ceramic layer 1, high metal level 2, metal level 3 the most successively, the concrete formula of described high ceramic layer is: the 400 mesh TiC powder of 40wt%, Fe powder is 47wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%, Ni powder be 4wt%, Cr powder be 8wt%；The 400 mesh TiC powder of the formula 20wt% of internal layer, Fe powder be 67wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%, Ni powder be 4wt%, Cr powder be 8wt%；The granularity of above metal powder is 200 mesh.Complex sintering, welded metallization processes are specific as follows, 1) after each comfortable mix homogeneously of powder that will prepare, pass through mould, upper surface at steel 3 first lays high metal level 2, also it is high intermediate metal, lays high ceramic layer 1 the most again, be pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level；2) compound blank step 1 obtained is put in vacuum drying oven, evacuation, 3) then with the ramp of 10 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour；4) it is then followed by the ramp with 10 DEG C/min to 600 DEG C, then is incubated 1 hour；5) continue the ramp with 10 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 10min, until sintering temperature 1350 DEG C；6) sintering is after 1 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace, so that it may acquisition upper surface is ceramic metal, and bottom is the iron base titanium carbide metal complex of steel.

Embodiment 3 :See Fig. 1, a kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex and sintering, welded metallization processes, its mesocomplex is high ceramic layer 1, high metal level 2, metal level 3 the most successively, the concrete formula of described high ceramic layer is: the 400 mesh TiC powder of 30wt%, Fe powder is 57wt%, Mo powder be 2wt%, Ni powder be 4wt%, Cr powder be 7wt%；The 400 mesh TiC powder of the formula 15wt% of internal layer, Fe powder be 72wt%, Mo powder be 2wt%, Ni powder be 4wt%, Cr powder be 7wt%；The granularity of above metal powder is 200 mesh.Complex sintering, welded metallization processes are specific as follows, 1) after each comfortable mix homogeneously of powder that will prepare, pass through mould, upper surface at steel 3 first lays high metal level 2, also it is high intermediate metal, lays high ceramic layer 1 the most again, be pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level；2) compound blank step 1 obtained is put in vacuum drying oven, evacuation, 3) then with the ramp of 10 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour；4) it is then followed by the ramp with 10 DEG C/min to 600 DEG C, then is incubated 1 hour；5) continue the ramp with 10 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 10min, until sintering temperature 1340 DEG C；6) sintering is after 1 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace, so that it may acquisition upper surface is ceramic metal, and bottom is the iron base titanium carbide metal complex of steel.

Embodiment 4 :See Fig. 1, a kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex and sintering, welded metallization processes, its mesocomplex is high ceramic layer, high metal level, metal level the most successively, the 400 mesh TiC powder that concrete formula is 50wt% of described high ceramic layer, Fe powder is 39wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%, Ni powder be 3wt%, Cr powder be 7wt%；Transition zone is high metal level, and concrete formula is the 400 mesh TiC powder of 25wt%, Fe powder be 62wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%, Ni powder be 4wt%, Cr powder be 8wt%；The granularity of above metal powder is 200 mesh；Described complex sintering, welded metallization processes are specific as follows, 1) after the powder each mix homogeneously that will prepare, pass through mould, upper surface at metal level first lays high metal level, also it is high intermediate metal, lays high ceramic layer the most again, be pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level；2) compound blank step 1 obtained is put in vacuum drying oven, evacuation, 3) then with the ramp of 8 DEG C/min to 290 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour；4) it is then followed by the ramp with 8 DEG C/min to 590 DEG C, then is incubated 1 hour；5) continue the ramp with 8 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 8min, until sintering temperature 1330 DEG C；6) sintering is after 1 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace, so that it may acquisition upper surface is ceramic metal, and bottom is the iron base titanium carbide metal complex of steel.

Embodiment 5 :See Fig. 1, a kind of steel and iron base metal ceramics complex and sintering, welded metallization processes, its mesocomplex is high ceramic layer 1, high metal level 2, metal level 3 the most successively, the concrete formula of described high ceramic layer is: the 400 mesh TiC powder of 40wt%, Fe powder is 47wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%, Ni powder be 4wt%, Cr powder be 8wt%；The 400 mesh TiC powder of the formula 20wt% of internal layer, Fe powder be 67wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%, Ni powder be 4wt%, Cr powder be 8wt%；The granularity of above metal powder is 200 mesh.Complex sintering, welded metallization processes are specific as follows, 1) after the powder each mix homogeneously that will prepare, pass through mould, upper surface at metal level first lays high metal level, also it is high intermediate metal, lays high ceramic layer the most again, be pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level；2) compound blank step 1 obtained is put in vacuum drying oven, evacuation, 3) then with the ramp of 12 DEG C/min to 310 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour；4) it is then followed by the ramp with 12 DEG C/min to 610 DEG C, then is incubated 1 hour；5) continue the ramp with 12 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 12min, until sintering temperature 1360 DEG C；6) sintering is after 1 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace, so that it may acquisition upper surface is ceramic metal, and bottom is the iron base titanium carbide metal complex of steel.

Embodiment 6 :See Fig. 2, as a modification of the present invention, in complex sintering, welded metallization processes, comprising the following steps that of step 1,1) after each comfortable mix homogeneously of powder that will prepare, by mould, first lay high metal level 2 at steel upper surface, metal level 3 is offered microflute 4, lay high ceramic layer 1 the most again, being pressed into the high ceramic layer 1 in outside, middle high intermediate metal 2, bottom is the compound blank of metal level 3.The microflute 4 offered on the metal layer in step 1, specifically, cut by line cutting mode, width of mini longitudinal channels is at 0.15 0.3 millimeters, and the degree of depth is 0.5 2 millimeters.Preferably width of mini longitudinal channels is at 0.2 millimeter, and the degree of depth is 1.5 millimeters.By this microflute, deformation, thermal stress can be reduced to greatest extent so that the bond strength of complex is high.Remaining step and complex component are identical with embodiment 1,2,3,4,5.

Embodiment 7 :Seeing Fig. 2, as a modification of the present invention, described high metal level 2 is set to one layer or multilamellar.As desired to arrange, effectively produce to meet industrialization, be traditionally arranged to be one layer.Remaining step and complex component are identical with embodiment 1,2,3,4,5.

At least one of embodiment 6,7 and described technical characteristic and embodiment 1,2,3,4,5 can also be combined into new embodiment by the present invention.

It should be noted that above-described embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; it is not used for limiting protection scope of the present invention; the equivalent made on the basis of the above or replacement, belong to protection scope of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.

Claims

1. a steel and the sintering of iron base metal ceramics complex, welded metallization processes, it is characterized in that: described complex is high ceramic layer, high metal level, metal level the most successively, the concrete formula of described high ceramic layer is, the 400 mesh TiC powder of 30wt%-50wt%, Fe powder is 39wt%-57wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%-2wt%, Ni powder be 3wt%-4wt%, Cr powder be 7wt%-8wt%；Transition zone is high metal level, and concrete formula is the 400 mesh TiC powder of 20wt%-23wt%, Fe powder be 62wt%-72wt%, Mo powder be 1wt%-2wt%, Ni powder be 3wt%-4wt%, Cr powder be 7wt%-8wt%, each component sum is 100 wt%；Described metal level is steel, and described Fe powder, Mo powder, Ni powder, Cr Powder Particle Size are 190-210 mesh, and described high metal level is set to one layer or multilamellar；Concrete technology step is as follows, 1), after the powder each mix homogeneously that will prepare, mould is passed through, upper surface at metal level first lays high metal level, lays high ceramic layer the most again, is pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level；2) compound blank step 1) obtained is put in vacuum drying oven, evacuation；3) then with the ramp of 8-12 DEG C/min to 290 DEG C-310 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour；4) it is then followed by the ramp with 8-12 DEG C/min to 590 DEG C-610 DEG C, then is incubated 1 hour；5) continue the ramp with 8-12 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 8-12min, until sintering temperature 1330 DEG C-1360 DEG C；6) sintering is after 1 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace, so that it may acquisition upper surface is ceramic metal, and bottom is the iron base titanium carbide metal complex of steel.

Steel the most according to claim 1 and the sintering of iron base metal ceramics complex, welded metallization processes, it is characterised in that: with the ramp of 10 DEG C/min to 300 DEG C in step 3)；With the ramp of 10 DEG C/min to 600 DEG C in step 4)；Step 5) continues with the ramp of 10 DEG C/min, every 300 DEG C, be incubated 10min, until sintering temperature 1330 DEG C-1360 DEG C.

Steel the most according to claim 1 and 2 and the sintering of iron base metal ceramics complex, welded metallization processes, it is characterized in that: comprising the following steps that of described step 1), after the powder each mix homogeneously that will prepare, pass through mould, upper surface at metal level first lays high metal level, then by the way of line cuts, width is offered on the metal layer at 0.15-0.3 millimeter, the degree of depth is the microflute of 0.5-2 millimeter, lay high ceramic layer again, it is pressed into the high ceramic layer in outside, middle high intermediate metal, bottom is the compound blank of metal level.