CN104102556A - Disk data backup and recovering method of virtual machine - Google Patents
Disk data backup and recovering method of virtual machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104102556A CN104102556A CN201410264310.4A CN201410264310A CN104102556A CN 104102556 A CN104102556 A CN 104102556A CN 201410264310 A CN201410264310 A CN 201410264310A CN 104102556 A CN104102556 A CN 104102556A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a disk data backup method of a virtual machine. The method comprises the following steps of 101) acquiring a sector set, and storing the sector set in a block form; 102) assembling the virtual machine disk data blocks to form a virtual machine disk target; 103) forming a virtual machine target through the virtual machine disk target; 104) generating a backup time point target. The invention relates to a data recovering method. The data recovering method comprises the following steps of 201) executing one-time complete backup and N-time incremental backup; 202) selecting a recovering time point; 203) recovering the data, and recording the well-recovered sector set; 204) obtaining the intersection of the sector set backed up at the previous time and the recovered sector set, recovering the data except the intersection, and updating the recovered sector set; 205) ending the recovery if the recovered sector set is the entire sector, and otherwise, returning to the step 204). Compared with the prior art, the backed up virtual machine disk data can be effectively managed and stored, and the advantage that the data backup and recover efficiency can be improved can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of data backup and resume, especially relate to a kind of virtual machine data in magnetic disk backup and restoration methods.
Background technology
At cloud computing and large data age; virtually playing the part of very important role; bring subversive revolution although virtual to IT industry; same virtual industry of giving backup disaster tolerance is also brought subversive revolution; backup mode taking physical server as backup object was not suitable for current virtualized environment already in the past; the speed that the data volume of virtualized environment increases is considerably beyond people's the imagination, in the face of huge data volume like this how to have protected into many backups manufacturer new capture problem.
Vmware company provides a set of backup to recover the interface VADP (VMware vStorage API for Data Protection) of the upper virtual machine of EXS/EXSI, utilize these interfaces easily the virtual machine on EXS/EXSI to be backed up and to be recovered, in this socket, merged one and be called CBT (Changed Block Tracking) technology (data block amendment is followed the tracks of), this technology can trace into sector number and position thereof that the virtual machine disk changing may occur after virtual machine disk backed up based on the last time.And this technology two crucial points concerning backup software are: 1, virtual machine must be arranged to allow CBT; 2, when backup, to record the change Id (virtual machine disk changes the mark of piece) of each virtual disk at every turn.Just can carry out incremental backup to virtual machine as long as meet these two key point backup softwares, this is good greatly message for the virtualized environment of big data quantity.
Although Vmware provides CBT technology to carry out incremental backup to virtual machine, but a lot of manufacturer that backs up does not still well utilize this technology of CBT.In backup, much back up manufacturer and just utilize CBT to do incremental backup, and be regularly to back up completely virtual machine.On recovering, much back up manufacturer and still rest on the thinking that on physical server, data are recovered, start the recovery of Delta Time point one by one from complete BACKUP TIME point, until recover the current time point of choosing.In backup, user will be for retaining a lot of storages of data waste of multiple complete BACKUP TIME points; On recovering, user will spend valuable release time and go to recover a lot of data that repeat.
The basic reason that occurs series of problems is above that backup software does not carry out effective organization and administration and storage to the virtual machine data in magnetic disk of backup, and the present invention is exactly a kind of new backup of storage virtual machine data in magnetic disk and the restoration methods proposing in order to solve problem above.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of virtual machine data in magnetic disk backup and restoration methods in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, can be applicable on Vmware ESXI/ESX virtual platform, virtual machine data in magnetic disk to backup carries out effective organization and administration and storage, improves the efficiency of data backup and resume.
Main thought of the present invention is exactly that the data of virtual machine disk are carried out to an organization and management, can calculate easily the memory location of each sector of virtual machine disk, then can accomplish effect of the present invention in conjunction with the relevant information in CBT technology.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of virtual machine data Backup on File, comprising:
101) judge whether to back up completely, if so, obtain whole virtual machine disk-data sector set, if not, carry out incremental backup, obtain the rear all virtual machines disk-data sector set that data variation occurs of relatively last backup;
102) the virtual machine disk-data sector set of acquisition is stored by piece level form, a is divided into multiple virtual machine data in magnetic disk pieces by size, and each virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece records following information: the initial sector number of current data block, total sector number and memory location;
103) by a virtual machine object disk of several virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece compositions, each virtual machine object disk records following information: the configuration information of virtual machine disk, virtual machine disk change block mark change Id, virtual machine disk changes block message and virtual machine data in magnetic disk block message;
104) by a virtual machine object of one or more virtual machine object disk composition, the corresponding virtual machine of each virtual machine object, and record following information: the configuration information of virtual machine itself and virtual machine object disk information;
105) generate a BACKUP TIME point object, preserve BACKUP TIME point object information, comprise all virtual machine object information that current BACKUP TIME point and this time point produce.
The configuration information of described virtual machine disk comprises title, type, size and the GUID of virtual machine disk, and the configuration information of described virtual machine itself comprises title and the GUID of virtual machine.
It is an array that described virtual machine disk changes block message, and initial sector X and the sector-size Y of each virtual machine disk-data sector set while having recorded backup completely or incremental backup, be expressed as: [X, Y] ... }.
Described a is best, and value is 4KB～4MB.
A kind of virtual machine method for recovering disk data, comprises the following steps:
201) virtual machine disk is carried out once to backup and N incremental backup completely successively, and obtain corresponding BACKUP TIME point object information, equipment part time point is tp
n+1;
202) selected tp
nfor the time point that will recover, wherein n≤N+1;
203) read in BACKUP TIME point tp
nthe virtual machine disk producing changes the data of the corresponding sets of sectors of piece, and its full recovery, to virtual machine disk, is recorded to the sets of sectors of having recovered;
204) push away the virtual machine disk variation block message of getting a front BACKUP TIME point forward, it and the set of sectors conjunction having recovered are occured simultaneously, by all data full recoveries outside occuring simultaneously, and upgrade the sets of sectors of having recovered;
205) if the sets of sectors of having recovered is the sector of whole virtual machine disk, virtual machine recovering disk data finishes, otherwise returns to step 204).
The described BACKUP TIME point tp that reads in
nthe data procedures that the virtual machine disk producing changes the corresponding sets of sectors of piece is:
A) determine the BACKUP TIME point object obtaining;
B) find correct virtual machine object according to BACKUP TIME point object;
C) find correct virtual machine object disk according to virtual machine object;
D) navigate to virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece according to certain sector number of virtual disk object and the virtual machine disk that will obtain;
E) read the data of required certain sector of virtual machine disk by virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) the present invention can realize and adopt incremental backup mode to carry out data protection to virtual machine always, and does not worry that data cannot recover.Because the backup mode that adopts increment backs up always, so whole backup window will shorten a lot of doubly, and can to help user to save be carrying cost in a large number;
2) the present invention carries out effective organization and administration and storage to the virtual machine data in magnetic disk of backup, can from each BACKUP TIME point, integrate out a complete virtual machine data in magnetic disk;
3) the present invention realizes when recovering virtual machine, only need to recover once the data volume of BACKUP TIME point completely, and do not need as common data are recovered from complete BACKUP TIME point to start to a succession of Delta Time point to recover successively the method for data, can improve like this RTO (Recovery Time Objective: release time target) of recovery compared with traditional reset mode, help the large as far as possible reduction production machine of the user machine of delaying to provide to recovery the loss bringing between business.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is virtual machine data Backup on File process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is virtual machine method for recovering disk data process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece that data of the present invention change is cut apart process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.The present embodiment is implemented as prerequisite taking technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The module of supposing all responsible storages and computational data piece position is referred to as data memory module.Data memory module is mainly safeguarded a series of time point object, each time point object is inner can safeguard a series of backup virtual machine object, it self virtual machine object disk can be safeguarded in each backup virtual machine object inside, the variation block message of each backup of virtual machine disk can be safeguarded in virtual machine object disk inside, the configuration information of virtual machine disk self and a series of virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object, virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object is a sets of sectors of virtual machine disk, its size can arrange, this sentences 4KB is that a storage block size is example, the memory location that virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object has recorded each data block, the size of data block sector number, can take out easily the data of any sector in this data block by virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object.
1, BACKUP TIME point object.
Back up each time and successfully all can produce a BACKUP TIME point object, this BACKUP TIME point is recording the information of current BACKUP TIME point to picture, and the list of all virtual machine objects of producing of this time point.
2, virtual machine object.
Each virtual machine can produce a virtual machine object on each BACKUP TIME point, this object record following information: 1, the configuration information of virtual machine itself, the title of for example virtual machine, GUID (Globally Unique Identifier) virtual machine unique identifier; 2, this backs up the virtual machine object disk of all generations.
3, virtual machine object disk
Each virtual machine object can the one or more virtual machine object disks of guardian, and virtual machine object disk can record following information: the configuration information of virtual machine disk, the such as title of virtual machine disk, type, size, GUID etc.; The namely changeId of variation block mark of virtual machine disk; The variation block message of virtual machine disk, this is an array, it has recorded current each of virtual machine disk and has changed the initial sector of piece and the sector number size of variation piece; Virtual machine object disk also can record the object of a series of virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece.
4, virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object
Below each virtual machine object disk, have a series of virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object, virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece can record following information: the initial sector number of current data block; Total sector number of current data block; The memory location of current data block.
, then the data block of each 4KB is generated to a virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object it is stored in storage as long as the data of virtual machine disk are one to data according to 4KB since the 1st sector cuts for complete BACKUP TIME point.
For incremental backup time point, be the set that a virtual machine disk changes piece group owing to getting the variation block message of virtual machine disk.In this set, each has two information: the number of sectors that changes the initial sector of piece and the piece of variation.So concerning incremental backup, need one to change variation piece ground processing of piece.The initial sector that first judges current variation piece is the integer extraordinarily 1 of 4KB, if it is, according to the mode of the storage data of backup completely, cuts apart taking 4KB as unit.To change piece reference position to add 1 divided by the obtained integer of 4KB to be multiplied by the value that 4KB deducts the initial sector gained that changes piece be again the sector number of this first data in magnetic disk object of variation piece again if not the data that first virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object is deposited, after cut apart storage according to backing up completely like that taking 4KB as unit.Give an example, if a disk has a variation block message to be: initial sector is 4207, and the sector number that changes piece is 8414, namely all has data variation from No. 4027 sector, sector to 12441.Dividing method is 4207 ÷ 4096=1...111 so, (1+1) × 4096-4207=3985, the right content of first virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece is so, initial sector is 4207, length is 3985 sectors, and namely from No. 8192 sector, No. 4207 sector～, the content of second virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object is 8193～No. 12288 sectors, just in time 4KB, the content of the 3rd virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object is 1289～No. 12441 disk sectors.
Suppose to have a virtual machine backup tasks job1, have Q virtual machine on this job1, taking first virtual machine vm1 wherein as example, it is respectively disk1 and disk2 that virtual machine vm1 has two disks, and disk1 and disk2 are respectively 8GB.This job1 has carried out once backup completely, N incremental backup, its process is carried out by data memory module, and data memory module is the general designation of the module of all responsible storages and computational data piece position, the present embodiment taking for the first time completely backup and for the first time incremental backup as example.
As shown in Figure 1, virtual machine data Backup on File of the present invention, is applied on Vmware ESXI/ESX virtual platform, adopts CBT technology, comprises the following steps:
1) backup completely for the first time
A, a complete BACKUP TIME point object objtp1 of generation, it has recorded the time point tp1 of backup, and a series of virtual machine object objvm1;
B, virtual machine object objvm1 record the configuration information of virtual machine itself, and objvm1 also records twice virtual machine object disk objdisk1 and objdisk2;
C, taking virtual machine object disk objdisk1 as example, objdisk1 has recorded the configuration information of virtual machine disk itself, objdisk1 is also recording the information of the variation piece of virtual machine disk, be now all sectors of disk, objdisk1 is also recording all virtual machine data in magnetic disk pieces taking 4KB as a data block size;
D, virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece objData1...objDataR, they have recorded respectively memory location separately, and start sector number (R-1) × 4096+1 and separately number of sectors separately, number of sectors is all generally 4096, but last is not perhaps.
2) incremental backup for the first time
A, an incremental backup time point object objtp2 of generation, it has recorded the time point tp2 of backup, and a series of virtual machine object objvm1;
B, virtual machine object objvm1 record the configuration information of virtual machine itself, and objvm1 also records twice virtual machine object disk objdisk1 and objdisk2;
C, taking virtual machine object disk objdisk1 as example, objdisk1 has recorded the configuration information of virtual machine disk itself, objdisk1 has also recorded the information aggregate of the variation piece of virtual machine disk, { [4207,8414], ... [95554,122540] }, objdisk1 is also recording the virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece taking 4KB as unit;
D, virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece objData1...objDataR, they have recorded respectively memory location separately.
As shown in Figure 3, with [4207, 8414] be example, changing piece initial sector X is 4207, sector number Y is 8414, the block size Z setting is 4KB, 4096, 4207 ÷ 4096=1...111, (1+1) × 4096-4207=3985, the content of first data in magnetic disk block object objData1 is so, initial sector is 4207, length is 3985 sectors, namely from No. 8192 sector, No. 4207 sector～, the content of second virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object objData2 is 8193～No. 12288 sectors, just in time 4KB, the content of the 3rd virtual machine data in magnetic disk block object objData3 is 12289～No. 12441 disk sectors, below each changes piece and cuts apart storage according to first mode.
As shown in Figure 2, the virtual machine method for recovering disk data after corresponding above-mentioned backup, comprising:
In step 201, virtual machine disk to be carried out once to backup and N incremental backup completely successively, and obtain corresponding BACKUP TIME point object information, equipment part time point is tp
n+1;
In step 202, selected tp
nfor the time point that will recover, wherein n≤N+1;
In step 203, read in BACKUP TIME point tp
nthe virtual machine disk producing changes the data of the corresponding sets of sectors of piece, and its full recovery, to virtual machine disk, is recorded to the sets of sectors of having recovered;
When specifically reading the some sector datas of virtual machine disk, can position and obtain in the following way:
1) determine the BACKUP TIME point object obtaining;
2) find correct virtual machine object according to BACKUP TIME point object;
3) find correct virtual machine object disk according to virtual machine object;
4) navigate to virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece according to certain sector number of virtual disk object and the virtual machine disk that will obtain;
5) can read out easily the data of certain sector of desired virtual machine disk by virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece;
In step 204, push away the virtual machine disk variation block message of getting a front BACKUP TIME point forward, it and the set of sectors conjunction having recovered are occured simultaneously, all data full recoveries outside occuring simultaneously are gone back, and upgrade the sets of sectors of having recovered;
In step 205, if the sets of sectors of having recovered is the sector of whole virtual machine disk, virtual machine recovering disk data finishes, otherwise returns to step 204.
The invention provides a kind of virtual machine data in magnetic disk backup and restoration methods, to reach based on CBT, virtual machine is done to permanent incremental backup; Can realize any incremental backup is once transformed out to a complete virtual-machine data in storage inside, just as having done once backup completely; Can realize and forever only recover once the data volume of BACKUP TIME point completely, and do not need to recover like that from complete BACKUP TIME point to start to a succession of Delta Time point to recover successively the method for data as common data, be used for improving the RTO (Recovery Time Objective: release time target) of virtual-machine data recovery.It is all huge that three kinds of objects above-mentioned are worth concerning user, no matter from backing up required storage, or from backup impact that production machine is produced, or from IT keeper's workload, and after producing virtual machine and breaking down shorter recovery RTO etc.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, taking 2MB as a data block size, the set of virtual machine disk-data sector is divided into multiple virtual machine data in magnetic disk pieces, all the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, taking 4MB as a data block size, the set of virtual machine disk-data sector is divided into multiple virtual machine data in magnetic disk pieces, all the other are with embodiment 1.
Claims (6)
1. a virtual machine data Backup on File, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
101) judge whether to back up completely, if so, obtain whole virtual machine disk-data sector set, if not, carry out incremental backup, obtain the rear all virtual machines disk-data sector set that data variation occurs of relatively last backup;
102) the virtual machine disk-data sector set of acquisition is stored by piece level form, a is divided into multiple virtual machine data in magnetic disk pieces by size, and each virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece records following information: the initial sector number of current data block, total sector number and memory location;
103) by a virtual machine object disk of several virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece compositions, each virtual machine object disk records following information; The configuration information of virtual machine disk, virtual machine disk change block mark change Id, virtual machine disk changes block message and virtual machine data in magnetic disk block message;
104) by a virtual machine object of one or more virtual machine object disk composition, the corresponding virtual machine of each virtual machine object, and record following information; The configuration information of virtual machine itself and virtual machine object disk information;
105) generate a BACKUP TIME point object, preserve BACKUP TIME point object information, comprise all virtual machine object information that current BACKUP TIME point and this time point produce.
2. a kind of virtual machine data Backup on File according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the configuration information of described virtual machine disk comprises title, type, size and the GUID of virtual machine disk, and the configuration information of described virtual machine itself comprises title and the GUID of virtual machine.
3. a kind of virtual machine data Backup on File according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is an array that described virtual machine disk changes block message, initial sector X and the sector-size Y of each virtual machine disk-data sector set while having recorded backup completely or incremental backup, be expressed as: { [X, Y] ... }.
4. a kind of virtual machine data Backup on File according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described a is best, and value is 4KB～4MB.
5. a virtual machine method for recovering disk data, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
201) virtual machine disk is carried out once to backup and N incremental backup completely successively, and obtain corresponding BACKUP TIME point object information, equipment part time point is tp
n+1;
202) selected tp
nfor the time point that will recover, wherein n≤N+1;
203) read in BACKUP TIME point tp
nthe virtual machine disk producing changes the data of the corresponding sets of sectors of piece, and its full recovery, to virtual machine disk, is recorded to the sets of sectors of having recovered;
204) push away the virtual machine disk variation block message of getting a front BACKUP TIME point forward, it and the set of sectors conjunction having recovered are occured simultaneously, by all data full recoveries outside occuring simultaneously, and upgrade the sets of sectors of having recovered;
205) if the sets of sectors of having recovered is the sector of whole virtual machine disk, virtual machine recovering disk data finishes, otherwise returns to step 204).
6. a kind of virtual machine method for recovering disk data according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the described BACKUP TIME point tp that reads in
nthe data procedures that the virtual machine disk producing changes the corresponding sets of sectors of piece is:
A) determine the BACKUP TIME point object obtaining;
B) find correct virtual machine object according to BACKUP TIME point object;
C) find correct virtual machine object disk according to virtual machine object;
D) navigate to virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece according to certain sector number of virtual disk object and the virtual machine disk that will obtain;
E) read the data of required certain sector of virtual machine disk by virtual machine data in magnetic disk piece.
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