CN104099608A - Method for cold spraying preparation of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable sealing coating - Google Patents

Method for cold spraying preparation of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable sealing coating Download PDF

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CN104099608A
CN104099608A CN201310123242.5A CN201310123242A CN104099608A CN 104099608 A CN104099608 A CN 104099608A CN 201310123242 A CN201310123242 A CN 201310123242A CN 104099608 A CN104099608 A CN 104099608A
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coating
spraying
seal coating
alloy
cold
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CN104099608B (en
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沈艳芳
崔新宇
金征
陶永山
吴杰
熊天英
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cold spraying preparation of a Cu-Ag-Zn abradable sealing coating, and belongs to the technical field of high temperature alloy protective coating preparation. According to the method, cold spraying equipment is used for spraying dried Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder onto a high-temperature alloy DZ445 substrate with the surface treated by sand blasting to obtain the well combined Cu-Ag-Zn abradable sealing coating stable in component. The results show that the cold spraying is an effective method for preparation of Ag-Cu alloy abradable sealing coatings, compared with a thermal spraying Ag-Cu alloy process in the prior art, the coating has the characteristics of being large in coating thickness, dense, strong in adhesion to the substrate, good protection effect and the like, also has the advantages that the coating basically may not be oxidized, partial falling-off of the coating can be repaired on site, and the like. The Cu-Ag-Zn abradable sealing coating has the effect of middle and low temperature sealing, and the design temperature is about 400 DEG C.

Description

The method of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in a kind of cold spraying
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-temperature alloy protecting coating technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method that Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in cold spraying.
Background technology
For improving efficiency, the reduction oil consumption of aircraft engine.Should reduce the gap between pneumatic plant, turbine blade tip and casing as far as possible.The gas circuit technology of obturaging is to improve the important means one of motor performance.Abradable seal coating because its production technique is easy, reprocess and to adjust performance easy, obturage effective and be applied.Seal coating is comprised of a certain proportion of metallographic phase and the nonmetallic matrix material with self-lubricating function mostly, wherein also has more hole.Require coating softer, make the easy scraping coating of blade tip and damaged blade not, the abradability having had; Also require coating to have certain hardness simultaneously.Can resist washing away of engine high speed air-flow and solids thereof, require the erosion wear resistance having had; The bonding strength that requires in addition coating to have.It is generally applied in the dress surface of obturaging between rotor spindle, drum letter, axle, rotating vane blade tip, pneumatic plant and turbine, with control gap, reduces and leaks.External existing nearly 20 kinds of abradable seal coating powders for engine different sites.Domesticly mainly from external import powder, by the processing parameter providing, spray, quality control index is only hardness.Therefore, be necessary coating powder, spraying coating process and coating performance to carry out systematic study.Several middle low temperature abradable seal coating powders, technique and fundamental property have been studied herein.
Cold spraying (claiming again cold air power spraying and coating) be with compressed gas-driven metallics make its under completely solid-state with high speed bumped substrate, make particle violent viscous deformation occur and a kind of novel spraying technology of formation of deposits coating.Cold spraying has the feature of solid deposited under low temperature, can significantly reduce disadvantageous effects such as eliminating oxidation in traditional thermospray, phase transformation, segregation, residual tension and grain growth even completely.
In recent years, had thermospray to comprise that flame plating and plasma spraying prepare the report of Ag-Cu alloy seal coating, but coating quality being not high, there is obvious hole in the interface of coating and matrix, and coating itself is not fine and close yet.And this Ag-Cu alloy seal coating is only applicable to sternly encircle in the dish shaft seal below 400 ℃.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of cold spray technique and prepare the method for Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating, solve the poor problem of coating quality existing when existing hot-spraying techniques is prepared Ag-Cu alloy seal coating, open up a kind of effective way of new preparation Ag-Cu alloy seal coating, to obtaining early practical application.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A method for Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in cold spraying, and the method is to take Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy as raw material, adopts cold spray technique to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating on superalloy DZ445 matrix.
Described employing cold spray technique is prepared in the process of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating, employing is with the cold spray apparatus of gas heater, during spraying, gas heating temperature is 200~550 ℃, spraying gas can be used air, nitrogen or argon gas, during spraying, gaseous tension is 1.5~2.5MPa, and spray distance is 10~30mm.
Described its chemical composition of Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy is by weight percentage: Cu:40%~60%, Ag:10~30%, Zn: surplus; Described Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy is standby by gas-atomized powder legal system.
Described Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy, its granularity requirements is: its quality percentage composition of the powdered alloy of granularity <35 μ m is less than <10%, its quality percentage composition of powdered alloy of granularity 35 μ m~45 μ m is greater than 90%, and surplus is the powdered alloy of granularity >45 μ m.
The composition of described superalloy DZ445 is by weight percentage: C :~0.07%, Cr :~12.96%, Co :~9.83%, W :~4.55%, Mo :~1.75%, Al :~4.11%, Ti :~2.29%, Ta :~4.82%, Mn:<0.05%, Si:<0.10%, P:<0.005%, S:<0.003%, Fe:<0.05%, Cu:<0.02%, all the other are trace.
The thickness of described Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is 50~500 μ m.
The aforesaid method cold spray apparatus with gas heater used comprises gas heater, powder feeder, spray gun and Controlling System; Wherein: utilize pressurized air powder feeding and powder is accelerated, driving gas and carrier gas are provided by the air compressor machine of peak pressure 3.0MPa, described gas heater heats carrier gas, carrier gas after heating mixes mutually with the powder that powder feeder is carried in spray gun, can preheating powder in spray gun and carrier gas expand and accelerate, spray gun is vertically fixed on support; Sample is spray gun motion relatively on X-Y two-dimension moving platform.
Principle of design of the present invention is as follows:
Obtain the coating that defect is few, quality is high and need to formulate a whole set of rational processing parameter.Although to gas carrier heating energy, the speed of particle is increased, thereby increase the kinetic energy of particle to such an extent as to be more prone to and matrix generation combination, carrier gas excess Temperature can cause the grain growth of powder particle inside, worsens the performance of sprayed particle; Meanwhile, can make spraying particle melt in spray gun, block spray gun.Certainly, gas temperature can not be too low, otherwise be unfavorable for the acceleration of sprayed particle.In the situation that gas temperature reduces, make spraying particle deposit, need to increase gaseous tension, and gaseous tension is limited to the ability of equipment.
The deposition of coating of the present invention is to complete on the cold spray apparatus with gas heater.Equipment still based on aerodynamic principle, utilizes high pressure gas (He, N when work 2, mixed gas or air) carry powder particle and after shaped telescopic tube, produce supersonic speed two-phase flow, at solid-state lower shock matrix completely, by the plastic flow deformation compared with large, be deposited on and on matrix surface, form coating.Spray gun utilizes Laval nozzle principle design.In spraying process, when the speed of particle surpasses its corresponding critical velocity, after particle encounter, be deposited on matrix surface, form coating; Otherwise, will there is erosion phenomenon.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are as follows:
1, the present invention is in order to improve the quality of coating, obtain being combined with matrix tight and fine and close coating own, adopted the cold spray apparatus with gas heater, powder feeder Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder is out heated, to reach softening powder, increase the ability of its viscous deformation, to obtain high-quality Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating.Adopt cold spraying one step just can obtain high-quality coating, omitted follow-up thermal treatment, saved operation and reduced again cost, have a wide range of applications.
2, the inventive method can effectively be avoided the oxidation of Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy in spraying process, little on materials microstructure impact, has retained the composition and structure of original dusty spray, does not produce impurity phase.Cold spraying Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy used can substantially be realized completely and reclaiming, and has saved in a large number spraying powder.Result shows, cold spraying is a kind of effective ways of the Cu-Ag-Zn of preparation abradable seal coating.
3, cold spraying Cu-Ag-Zn coating process of the present invention is compared and is not only had the features such as coat-thickness is large, fine and close, strong with base material bonding force, protection effect is good compared with existing thermospray Ag-Cu alloy prior, and also have coating substantially not exist the local shedding phenomenon that is oxidized and may occurs for coating to carry out field repair etc. excellent simultaneously
4, the prepared Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating of the present invention plays the effect of obturaging of middle low temperature, and point temperature is 400 ℃ of left and right, is subject to pneumatic washing away and blade scraping casing vibrations stress, and working medium is air.The present invention has filled up technological gap, has obviously technique effect preferably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's cold spray apparatus schematic diagram used; In figure: 1-Controlling System, 2-gas heater, 3-worktable, 4-de Lavel spray gun, 5-powder feeder.
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of cold spraying Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating of the present invention; In figure: (a) spraying temperature is the Cross Section Morphology of 300 ℃, spray pressure coating while being 1.5MPa; (b) spraying temperature is the Cross Section Morphology of 350 ℃, spray pressure coating while being 1.5MPa; (c) spraying temperature is the Cross Section Morphology of 400 ℃, spray pressure coating while being 1.8MPa; (d) spraying temperature is the Cross Section Morphology of 450 ℃, spray pressure coating while being 1.8MPa; (e) spraying temperature is the Cross Section Morphology of 500 ℃, spray pressure coating while being 2.0MPa; (f) spraying temperature is the Cross Section Morphology of 550 ℃, spray pressure coating while being 2.1MPa.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples in detail the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the cold spraying system with gas heater comprises gas heater 2, powder feeder 5, spray gun 4 and Controlling System 1; Utilize pressurized air powder feeding and powder is accelerated, driving gas and carrier gas are provided by the air compressor machine of peak pressure 3.0MPa, 2 pairs of carrier gas of described gas heater are heated, carrier gas after heating mixes mutually with the powder that powder feeder 5 is carried in spray gun 4, can preheating powder in spray gun 4 and carrier gas expand and accelerate, spray gun is vertically fixed on support; Sample is in the upper relative spray gun motion of X-Y two-dimension moving platform (worktable 3).
In the present invention, spraying raw material is selected Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, and spraying base material is superalloy DZ445.Spraying equipment is the above-mentioned cold spraying system with gas heater.Concrete technology parameter is as follows: carrier gas preheating temperature is 200~550 ℃, and spray distance is 10~30mm, and spray pressure is 1.5~2.5MPa.Before spraying, matrix should first be used acetone, ethanol oil removing, then with 24 object white fused aluminas, carries out sandblast roughening treatment.
The Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder that spraying raw material is selected, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:40%~60%, Ag:10~30%, Zn: surplus; This powdered alloy is standby by gas-atomized powder legal system.
Described Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy, its granularity requirements is: its quality percentage composition of the powdered alloy of granularity <35 μ m <10%, its quality percentage composition of powdered alloy >90% of granularity 35 μ m~45 μ m, the powdered alloy of granularity >45 μ m is surplus.
Embodiment 1
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:45%, Ag:28%, Zn:27%; Select pressurized air as spraying medium, spray pressure is 2.0MPa, and spraying temperature is 250 ℃, and spray distance is 25mm, adopts cold spraying on DZ445 matrix, to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating.The porosity of prepared Cu-Ag-Zn coating is in Table 1, and Vickers' hardness is in Table 2, with the bonding force intensity of matrix in Table 3.
Embodiment 2
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%; Select pressurized air as spraying medium, spray pressure is 1.5MPa, and spraying temperature is 300 ℃, and spray distance is 20mm, adopts cold spraying on DZ445 matrix, to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating.The stereoscan photograph of prepared Cu-Ag-Zn coating is as shown in Fig. 1 (a), and coating porosity is in Table 1, and Vickers' hardness is in Table 2, with the bonding force intensity of matrix in Table 3.
Embodiment 3
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%; Select pressurized air as spraying medium, spray pressure is 1.5MPa, and spraying temperature is 350 ℃, and spray distance is 20mm, adopts cold spraying on DZ445 matrix, to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating.The stereoscan photograph of prepared Cu-Ag-Zn coating is as shown in Fig. 1 (b), and coating porosity is in Table 1, and Vickers' hardness is in Table 2, with the bonding force intensity of matrix in Table 3.
Embodiment 4
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%; Select pressurized air as spraying medium, spray pressure is 1.8MPa, and spraying temperature is 400 ℃, and spray distance is 20mm, adopts cold spraying on DZ445 matrix, to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating.The stereoscan photograph of prepared Cu-Ag-Zn coating is as shown in Fig. 1 (c), and coating porosity is in Table 1, and Vickers' hardness is in Table 2, with the bonding force intensity of matrix in Table 3.
Embodiment 5
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%; Select pressurized air as spraying medium, spray pressure is 1.8MPa, and spraying temperature is 450 ℃, and spray distance is 20mm, adopts cold spraying on DZ445 matrix, to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating.The stereoscan photograph of prepared Cu-Ag-Zn coating is as shown in Fig. 1 (d), and coating porosity is in Table 1, and Vickers' hardness is in Table 2, with the bonding force intensity of matrix in Table 3.
Embodiment 6
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:50%, Ag:25%, Zn:25%; Select pressurized air as spraying medium, spray pressure is 2.0MPa, and spraying temperature is 500 ℃, and spray distance is 20mm, adopts cold spraying on DZ445 matrix, to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating.The stereoscan photograph of prepared Cu-Ag-Zn coating is as shown in Fig. 1 (e), and coating porosity is in Table 1, and Vickers' hardness is in Table 2, with the bonding force intensity of matrix in Table 3.
Embodiment 7
Spraying raw material Cu-Ag-Zn alloy powder, its chemical composition is by weight percentage: Cu:42%, Ag:25%, Zn:33%; Select pressurized air as spraying medium, spray pressure is 2.1MPa, and spraying temperature is 550 ℃, and spray distance is 20mm, adopts cold spraying on DZ445 matrix, to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating.The stereoscan photograph of prepared Cu-Ag-Zn coating is as shown in Fig. 1 (f), and coating porosity is in Table 1, and Vickers' hardness is in Table 2, with the bonding force intensity of matrix in Table 3.
The porosity of Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating contrast under the different cold spray process of table 1
The Vickers' hardness of Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating under the different cold spray process of table 2
The bonding strength of Cu-Ag-Zn seal coating and matrix under the different cold spray process of table 3

Claims (5)

1. a method for Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is prepared in cold spraying, it is characterized in that: the method is to take Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy as raw material, adopts cold spray technique to prepare Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating on superalloy DZ445 matrix.
2. the method for preparing Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt cold spray technique to prepare in the process of Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating, employing is with the cold spray apparatus of gas heater, during spraying, gas heating temperature is 200~550 ℃, spraying gas is used air, nitrogen or argon gas, during spraying, gaseous tension is 1.5~2.5MPa, and spray distance is 10~30mm.
3. the method for preparing Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described its chemical composition of Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy is by weight percentage: Cu:40%~60%, Ag:10~30%, Zn: surplus.
4. the method for preparing Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described Cu-Ag-Zn powdered alloy, its granularity requirements is: its quality percentage composition of the powdered alloy of granularity <35 μ m is less than 10%, its quality percentage composition of powdered alloy of granularity 35 μ m~45 μ m is greater than 90%, and surplus is the powdered alloy of granularity >45 μ m.
5. the method for preparing Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described Cu-Ag-Zn abradable seal coating is 50~500 μ m.
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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107761092A (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-03-06 新疆亚中易德环保科技有限公司 A kind of aerodynamic force sprays copper alloy coating intensifying method
CN108078363A (en) * 2016-11-22 2018-05-29 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 A kind of method of cookware masking cold spraying and its cookware and cooking apparatus of preparation
CN112157269A (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-01-01 四川大学 Preparation method of cold spray coating based on heat treatment of aluminum alloy powder
CN113201733A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-08-03 西安建筑科技大学 Composite material with abradable seal coating and preparation method thereof

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CN101698364A (en) * 2009-11-03 2010-04-28 西安交通大学 Thermal barrier coating and preparation technology thereof

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108078363A (en) * 2016-11-22 2018-05-29 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 A kind of method of cookware masking cold spraying and its cookware and cooking apparatus of preparation
CN108078363B (en) * 2016-11-22 2021-06-15 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 Method for shielding cold spraying of cookware, cookware prepared by method and cooking utensil
CN107761092A (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-03-06 新疆亚中易德环保科技有限公司 A kind of aerodynamic force sprays copper alloy coating intensifying method
CN112157269A (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-01-01 四川大学 Preparation method of cold spray coating based on heat treatment of aluminum alloy powder
CN112157269B (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-11-26 四川大学 Preparation method of cold spray coating based on heat treatment of aluminum alloy powder
CN113201733A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-08-03 西安建筑科技大学 Composite material with abradable seal coating and preparation method thereof

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