CN104097172A

CN104097172A - Bidirectional screwdriver

Info

Publication number: CN104097172A
Application number: CN201310407732.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王伟毅
Original assignee: Hangzhou Great Star Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Latchet Co.,Ltd.; Hangzhou Great Star Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-04-03
Filing date: 2013-09-09
Publication date: 2014-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 2033-09-09
Also published as: CN203696882U; CN104097172B

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional screwdriver which comprises a handle, a spindle, a transmission and a reversing device, wherein the transmission comprises a driving gear, a driven gear, a transition socket and an intermediate gear; the intermediate gear is arranged on an intermediate gear shaft on the transition socket and is matched between the driving gear and the driven gear to carry out transmission; the handle drives the driving gear to rotate; a holding ring is fixedly arranged outside the intermediate gear shaft; when the holding ring is held and the handle is rotated to drive the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear drives the driven gear to reversely rotate by the intermediate gear; the driving gear is also provided with an inner first ratchet face; the driven gear is also provided with an inner second ratchet face; the reversing device comprises a reversing element, a first pawl element, a second pawl element and a reversing switch; the driving gear, the driven gear and the transition socket are all sleeved on the reversing element; the reversing element is sleeved on the spindle and can drive the spindle to rotate.

Description

Bidirectional screw is criticized

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of hand-operated tools, relate in particular to a kind of Bidirectional screw and criticize.

Background technology

In the use of general screwdriver and so on hand-operated tools, the motion of hand in rotation direction has certain limit, can not be to continue to carry out along a direction.In this class instrument, the turning cylinder of handle is coaxial with main shaft, is generally such: first when use, with hand for example, towards the direction turning handle of certain hope (tighten or unclamp a screw), then,, by hand reverse rotation, this instrument is reorientated to enter next circulation.At the Part II of above-mentioned circulation, the reverse rotation of hand can be again to hold after decontroling handle again, can be also in instrument, to be furnished with the non-return devices such as ratchet mechanism, and while making handle reversion, main shaft is motionless, can also be after this instrument and screw disengaging, to insert again.In any case but the reverse rotation of hand can not bring the effective exercise of securing member, therefore becomes the action being wasted.

US Patent No. 5931062 discloses a kind of mechanical transducer, comprises a main shaft; And be arranged on two driving elements on main shaft, between each driving element and main shaft, be inserted with an one-way clutch, and two one-way clutch of this on main shaft are identical with the direction of engagement of main shaft, make when any driving element is during to this direction rotation, main shaft all can be dragged to a direction and be rotated, and when driving element is during to opposite spin, main shaft is idle running relatively; Also comprise a whirligig along main-shaft axis configuration, this whirligig driving element selected with engages; Also comprise a switching mechanism, this switching mechanism and two driving elements are connected simultaneously, force these two driving elements always to counter-rotate, so that dragging main shaft, a driving element rotates, another driving element idle running, make no matter driver part to which direction rotation, main shaft is all always to a direction rotation, thereby the rotating of whirligig (for example handle) is all converted to the one-directional rotation of main shaft.This mechanical transducer can effectively utilize the rotation of any direction of whirligig, and also, no matter handle clockwise rotates or rotates counterclockwise, main shaft all rotates facing one direction, thereby has greatly improved the sport efficiency of hand, has saved the operating time.

But the conversion equipment of this invention can only make main shaft rotate toward the direction.For example, in order (to adapt to needs that main shaft rotates on both direction, tightening or loosening fasteners in the time applying as screwdriver), the handle of this invention must be pulled down from the main shaft coaxial with it, and the two ends of main shaft (being made as A, B two ends) all can install screwdriver.Suppose to bring into use the A end of main shaft to tighten a securing member, if desired unclamp this securing member, the handle that is arranged on main shaft B end must be unloaded from main shaft, again handle is installed on the A end of main shaft, and load onto suitable screwdriver bit at the B of main shaft end, then just can carry out the action of loosening fasteners.If the securing member unclamping is same model with the securing member of originally tightening, also must before handle transposition, first screwdriver bit be unloaded from A end, be filled to B end.As can be seen here, the mechanical transducer of this invention replacing major axes orientation is very inconvenient.For the removable Multifunctional screw driver of screwdriver bit, change back and forth screwdriver bit at main shaft two ends and bother very much especially.In addition, must ensure that handle can easily pull down from main shaft, also just mean that the integrality of whole screwdriver self is not easy to ensure, the parts loss of being easily scattered.

In addition, this frame for movement rotary speed is slow, also needs the switchable screwdriver that operating efficiency is higher on market.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Bidirectional screw and criticize, comprise the reversing arrangement with ratchet, easy to process.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Bidirectional screw and criticizes, and it has speeder, makes Bidirectional screw criticize speedup and rotates.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Bidirectional screw and criticizes, and it also has speedup switch on the basis of speeder, Bidirectional screw is criticized and can be selected speedup to use or not speedup use.

A kind of Bidirectional screw is criticized, comprise: handle, main shaft, transmission device, it comprises driving gear, driven gear, conversion seat and idler gear, described idler gear is arranged on the intermediate gear shaft on described conversion seat, and be engaged in transmission between described driving gear and described driven gear, wherein, described handle drives described driving gear to rotate, described intermediate gear shaft is installed with a gripper rings outward, in the time that described gripper rings and described handle relatively rotate, drive described driving gear to rotate, described driving gear drives described driven gear reverse rotation by described idler gear, wherein, driving gear also has the first ratchet face of inner side, driven gear also has the second ratchet face of inner side, also comprise reversing arrangement, it comprises commutation element, the first pawl element and the second pawl element and reversing switch, wherein, described driving gear, driven gear and conversion seat are all set on described commutation element, and described commutation element is enclosed within on described main shaft, can drive described main shaft to rotate, wherein, described the first pawl element has the first ratchet and the second ratchet that optionally coordinate with described the first ratchet face, wherein said the first ratchet skids with described the first ratchet face in a first direction, in second direction, engage transmission with described the first ratchet face, described the second ratchet engages transmission with described the first ratchet face in a first direction, in second direction, skids with described the first ratchet face, described the second pawl element has the 3rd ratchet and the 4th ratchet that optionally coordinate with described the second ratchet face, wherein said the 3rd ratchet skids with described the first ratchet face in a first direction, in second direction, engage transmission with described the first ratchet face, described the 4th ratchet engages transmission with described the first ratchet face in a first direction, in second direction, skids with described the first ratchet face, described reversing switch can be arranged on the first state and the second state by described the first pawl element and described the second pawl element, under described the first state, described the first ratchet and described the 3rd ratchet coordinate with described the first ratchet face and the second ratchet face respectively simultaneously, under described the second state, described the second ratchet and described the 4th ratchet coordinate with described the first ratchet face and the second ratchet face respectively simultaneously, described first direction is clockwise or counterclockwise, described second direction be with first party in the opposite direction.

Further, described the first pawl element and/or the second pawl element are fan-shaped, wherein said the first ratchet and the second ratchet, and the 3rd ratchet and the 4th ratchet are fan-shaped tooth surface.

Further, described reversing switch comprises newel, the first bulb stopper and the second bulb stopper, described newel is placed through in described commutation element, described the first bulb stopper and described the second bulb stopper are fixed on described newel successively, and described the first bulb stopper and described the second bulb stopper coordinate with the recess on the fan-shaped bottom surface of described the first pawl element and the second pawl element respectively.

Further, between described the first bulb stopper and described the second bulb stopper and newel, be combined with flexible member.

Further, described the first pawl element and the second pawl element are arranged on countershaft, and described countershaft is parallel with described commutation element.

Further, the front end of described newel arranges the chute of helical type, described Bidirectional screw is criticized and is also comprised the skull that is enclosed within commutation element front end, on described skull, be also provided with the slideway parallel with the axis of main shaft, in slideway, be provided with the push button assembly that can slide along described slideway and described chute, for the position of control centre's post, so that the rotation direction of main shaft to be set.

Bidirectional screw of the present invention is criticized and is also comprised speeder, it comprises that with being arranged on driving gear afterbody be gear shaft and speedup planetary gears, described speedup planetary gears comprises the gear ring being fixedly linked with described gripper rings, be engaged in three planetary gears between described gear shaft and described gear ring, with the planet carrier sleeve pipe that is connected described handle, in the time that described gear ring and described handle relatively rotate, drive described planetary gear rotation by described planet carrier sleeve pipe, described planetary gear drives described gear shaft speedup to rotate, the rotation after speedup is inputed to described driving gear by described gear shaft.

Further, on described gear shaft, there is the first face of gear, light face and the second face of gear that coordinate with described planetary gear, on the inner peripheral surface of described planet carrier sleeve pipe, be provided with internal gear, described planet carrier sleeve pipe be set to can be on described gear shaft bonding station and separation point position between slide, in the time that described planet carrier sleeve pipe slides into described bonding station, described planet carrier sleeve pipe engages with described planetary gear, and now described internal gear is positioned at the described light face place on described gear shaft; In the time that described planet carrier sleeve pipe slides into described separation point position, described planet carrier sleeve pipe separates with described planetary gear, and described internal gear is positioned at described the second face of gear place and coordinates with it.

Bidirectional screw of the present invention is criticized and also comprise the speedup switch that drives described planet carrier sleeve pipe to slide between described bonding station and separation point position.

Further, described planet carrier sleeve pipe is also provided with outer tube outward, the outer sheathed described handle of described outer tube.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the technique effect of design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation is described further, to understand fully object of the present invention, feature and effect.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the first embodiment of the present invention under the first duty;

Fig. 2 is that E-E embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 is to cutaway view;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the first embodiment of the present invention under the second duty;

Fig. 4 is the transmission mechanism schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the decomposing schematic representation of transmission mechanism shown in Fig. 4, and wherein transmission device departs from from reversing arrangement;

Fig. 6 is the decomposing schematic representation of transmission device in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the decomposing schematic representation of reversing arrangement in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 A is A-A profile in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 B is the B-B profile of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 C is the partial schematic diagram after the simplification of C-C cross section parts in Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 D is the partial schematic diagram after the simplification of D-D cross section parts in Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 A is A '-A ' profile in Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 B is the partial schematic diagram after the simplification of C-C cross section parts in Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 C is the partial schematic diagram after the simplification of D-D cross section parts in Fig. 3;

Figure 10 is the partial schematic diagram of the matching relationship of main shaft and driving gear or driven gear in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 A is under the first duty of the second embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the reversing arrangement corresponding with driven gear, and its profile position is with reference to C-C position in Fig. 2,3;

Figure 11 B is under the first duty of the second embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the reversing arrangement corresponding with driving gear, and its profile position is with reference to D-D position in Fig. 2,3;

Figure 12 A is under the second duty of the second embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the reversing arrangement corresponding with driven gear, and its profile position is with reference to C-C position in Fig. 2,3;

Figure 12 B is under the second duty of the second embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the reversing arrangement corresponding with driving gear, and its profile position is with reference to D-D position in Fig. 2,3;

Figure 13 A is under the first duty of the third embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the reversing arrangement corresponding with driven gear, and its profile position is with reference to C-C position in Fig. 2,3;

Figure 13 B is under the first duty of the third embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the reversing arrangement corresponding with driving gear, and its profile position is with reference to D-D position in Fig. 2,3;

Figure 14 A is under the second duty of the third embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the reversing arrangement corresponding with driven gear, and its profile position is with reference to C-C position in Fig. 2,3;

Figure 14 B is under the second duty of the third embodiment of the present invention, the profile of the reversing arrangement corresponding with driving gear, and its profile position is with reference to D-D position in Fig. 2,3;

Figure 15 is the part sectioned view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, has shown the structural relation of its main shaft, brake block, commutation element and driving gear;

Figure 16 is the part sectioned view of the fifth embodiment of the present invention, has shown the structural relation of its main shaft, brake block, commutation element and driving gear;

Figure 17 A is the posterior side view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button;

Figure 17 B is the posterior side sectional view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button;

Figure 17 C is the A point transverse sectional view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button when rear;

Figure 17 D is the B point transverse sectional view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button when rear;

Figure 17 E is the C point transverse sectional view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button when rear;

Figure 18 A is the preceding side view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button;

Figure 18 B is the preceding side sectional view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button;

Figure 18 C is the A point transverse sectional view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button when front;

Figure 18 D is the B point transverse sectional view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button when front;

Figure 18 E is the C point transverse sectional view of sixth embodiment of the invention push button when front;

Figure 19 is the explosive view of sixth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 20 is that sixth embodiment of the invention is removed the explosive view side view after gripper rings and handle;

Figure 21 is that sixth embodiment of the invention is removed the explosive view stereogram after gripper rings and handle;

Figure 22 is the explosive view of sixth embodiment of the invention reversing arrangement and transmission device;

Figure 23 is sixth embodiment of the invention reversing arrangement schematic diagram;

Figure 24 is sixth embodiment of the invention reversing arrangement explosive view one;

Figure 25 is sixth embodiment of the invention reversing arrangement explosive view two;

Figure 26 is the top view of pawl element in sixth embodiment of the invention reversing arrangement;

Figure 27 is transmission device part explosive view of the present invention;

Figure 28 is speeder explosive view of the present invention;

Figure 29 is speeder profile of the present invention;

Figure 30 is the schematic diagram of gear shaft of the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

embodiment mono-:

With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2, a preferred embodiment criticizes 100 for Bidirectional mechanical converter of the present invention is applied in to a kind of manual screw, and this screwdriver 100 is realized two-way speed transmission by transmission mechanism 120 as shown in Figure 4.This transmission mechanism 120 comprises the transmission device 130 shown in Fig. 4 and reversing arrangement 110, can realize the switching of main shaft rotation direction.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show structure and the installation relation of transmission device 130 and reversing arrangement 110." two-way speed transmission " of the present invention or " Bidirectional driving " are inputs relatively, and handle is as a kind of whirligig, and its Input Forces can be clockwise or counterclockwise any direction, and the Input Forces of this any direction all can be used effectively.And " capable of reversing " of the present invention refer to the output rotation direction of main shaft can be as required, be chosen as one of clockwise or counterclockwise.The rotation direction that is defined as observing vertically towards handle orientations from screwdriver bit clockwise or counterclockwise of indication in this description.

The manual screw of the present embodiment is criticized 100 structure, mode of operation and principle and is specifically described as follows.

1, the overall structure of screwdriver 100

Screwdriver 100 is made up of main shaft 105, transmission mechanism 120 and whirligig.In the present embodiment, whirligig is handle 121, the moment of inputting at handle 121 with any direction (clockwise or counterclockwise all can) is transmitted mechanism 120 and is delivered to main shaft 105, makes main shaft 105 with the direction preset one of (clockwise or counterclockwise) output torque.Transmission mechanism 120 is arranged on main shaft 105, and the driving moment of handle 121 is delivered to main shaft 105.By the screwdriver bit sleeve 104 being arranged on main shaft 105, the screwdriver bit 101 of various models can be installed, with output torque.

From visual observation, screwdriver 100 also comprises skull 108 and gripper rings 113.

Skull 108 is by pin 106 and main shaft 105 tight joints, and therefore skull 108 rotates together with main shaft 105.

Gripper rings 113 and handle 121 hold respectively for operator's two hands.Wherein, transfixion when gripper rings 113 is held, handle 121 can rotate (clockwise or counterclockwise all can) with either direction with respect to gripper rings 113.Static gripper rings 113 is benchmark that in screwdriver 100, all parts rotates.

2, transmission mechanism 120

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, transmission mechanism 120 comprises transmission device 130 and reversing arrangement 110, realizes the switchable two-way speed transmission of main shaft.Wherein transmission device 130 is set in reversing arrangement 110 outsides, and reversing arrangement 110 is set in main shaft 105 outsides.Reversing arrangement 110 plays two functions: i) coordinates with transmission device 130 to realize two-way input is converted to unidirectional output (, the function of one-way clutch), and, ii) outbound course is switched to (, the function of commutator).

2.1, transmission device 130 structures

As shown in Figure 6, transmission device 130 comprises that four bevel gears and 114, four bevel gears of conversion seat comprise driving gear 118, driven gear 111, and two idler gears 128 that driven gear and driving gear are linked up.Wherein use two idler gears can make comparatively balance of transmission, also can, only with an idler gear, not affect function of the present invention, the present invention will not limit this.Driving gear 118 and handle 121 tight joints, transmit from the moment of handle input.

Driving gear 118, conversion seat 114 and driven gear 111 are set on the commutation element 115 of reversing arrangement 110 coaxially in the mode of matched in clearance successively, wherein, reversing arrangement 110 makes respectively formation one-way clutch relation between driving gear 118 and driven gear 111 and main shaft 105,, driving gear drives main shaft to rotate in one direction, another driven gear idle running; In another direction, driving gear and driven gear exchange function, drive main shaft to rotate by the driven gear originally dallying, the relative main shaft idle running of driving gear.The specific implementation of one-way clutch relation describes in detail at 2.2 and 2.3 joints below.

Fig. 8 B illustrates the annexation between conversion seat 114, commutation element 115 and gripper rings 113.Conversion seat 114 can relatively rotate with commutation element 115.Conversion seat 114 is provided with two intermediate gear shafts 133 in radial direction, for idler gear 128 is installed.Idler gear 128 makes driving gear 118 and driven gear 111 remain that, when driving gear rotates in a clockwise direction, driven gear rotates in a counter-clockwise direction with relative direction rotation; Otherwise when driving gear rotates in a counter-clockwise direction, driven gear rotates in a clockwise direction.

Conversion seat 114 also comprises screwed hole 132 radially, for fixing gripper rings 113.Gripper rings 113 is passed through screw 112 tight joints with conversion seat 114.The present embodiment is also provided with vertically screwed hole 134 on intermediate gear shaft 133.For compact conformation, this screwed hole 134 also can be used for fixing gripper rings 113, and now gripper rings 113 also plays the effect of restriction idler gear 128 axial displacements.Certainly, gripper rings 113 of the present invention also can only be fixedly connected by screwed hole 132 and conversion seat 114, meanwhile, by screwed hole 134, axial stop is set, or the barrier element of back-up ring and so on is set on intermediate gear shaft 133, the axial displacement of idler gear 128 is limited.

2.2, reversing arrangement 110 structures and principle thereof

As shown in Figure 5, reversing arrangement 110 is set on main shaft 105, and its outside is arranged with transmission device 130.Reversing arrangement 110 comprises commutation element 115 and two groups of needle roller 127-1 and 127-2.Commutation element 115 is set on main shaft 105 coaxially in the mode of matched in clearance.On commutation element 115, open two groups of grooves that size is greater than needle roller 127-1 and 127-2, so that needle roller 127-1 and 127-2 to be set, and made needle roller 127-1 and the 127-2 can Free-rolling.The axis of needle roller 127-1 and 127-2 is parallel with the axis of main shaft 105.Referring to Fig. 2, the position of two groups of grooves and the position of needle roller 127-1 and 127-2 and the driving gear 118 of transmission device 130 and driven gear 111 is corresponding respectively, first group of groove and needle roller 127-2 coordinate with the inner headed face 138 of driving gear 118, and second group of groove and needle roller 127-1 coordinate with the inner headed face 135 of driven gear 111.The inner headed face 135 and 138 of the present embodiment is the face of cylinder.

As shown in Fig. 7, Figure 10, on main shaft 105, be provided with shaped face 131 corresponding to the position of groove and needle roller.On the main shaft 105 of the present embodiment, be provided with three shaped faces 131, corresponding to every group of 3 needle roller 127-1 or 127-2, needle roller 127-1 and 127-2 can roll on shaped face 131.In fact, each shaped face 131 has two sections of working surfaces, and these two sections of working surfaces coordinate with inner headed face 135 and inner headed face 138 respectively by needle roller 127-1 and 127-2.The working surface of shaped face 131 can be the face of cylinder, elliptic cylinder, parabola or other curved surfaces, can be also plane, that is to say, the outer contour in shaped face 131 cross sections can be circular arc, elliptic arc, parabola or other curves, can be also straight line.Between this shaped face 131 and inner headed face 138 or inner headed face 135, form a radial clearance (main shaft 105 shown in Figure 10 and the matching relationship of driving gear 118 or driven gear 111), the scope of activities of needle roller is limited to therebetween.As long as on the circumferencial direction of main shaft, the size of this radial clearance mid portion a is greater than the diameter of needle roller 127-1,127-2, the size of two end portions b, b ' is less than respectively the diameter of needle roller 127-1,127-2, needle roller can move under the promotion of commutation element 115 between the two ends of this radial clearance, and, in needle roller and shaped face and inner headed face joint self-locking conditions satisfied, can realize object of the present invention.It is symmetrical that this radial clearance also needs not to be, and b and b ' are unequal does not affect object of the present invention.

In other embodiments, the quantity of shaped face can be one, two or more than three, all can realize object of the present invention, and the present invention will not limit this.Correspondingly, the quantity of every group of needle roller can be also one, two or more than three, even the quantity of needle roller is less than or also can more than the quantity of shaped face.For example, two groups of totally 6 grooves on the commutation element 115 of the present embodiment, have been opened, for needle roller 127-1 and 127-2 are set.Even if wherein do not establish needle roller in part groove, as long as ensure to have at least a needle roller to exist in every group of groove, just can realize object of the present invention.If two needle rollers are set in groove, no matter be to place side by side or axially serial placement, all can realize object of the present invention.

To sum up, as long as driving gear and the driven gear of transmission device 130 engage with shaped face by needle roller respectively, can realize object of the present invention, the present invention will not limit this.Needle roller of the present invention is also replaceable is other rolling elements, such as ball, conical roller etc., meanwhile, and corresponding shaped face and the profile of inner headed face and the form fit of rolling element, for example shaped face and inner headed face are set to ring surface or taper seat.Certainly, also each shaped face 131 can be processed into two sections of working surfaces, corresponding respectively with two groups of needle roller 127-1 and 127-2, can realize equally object of the present invention.The inner headed face 135 of the present embodiment is identical with the diameter of inner headed face 138, if its diameter difference, as long as select the needle roller that diameter is suitable to engage with corresponding shaped face, still can realize object of the present invention.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 8 A, 8C, 8D and Fig. 9 A, 9B, 9C, reversing arrangement 110 operation principle as one-way clutch and commutator under two duties is described respectively.In figure, reversing arrangement 110 is reduced to the structure that a needle roller matches with the shaped face of a plane of main shaft 105.

First duty of the corresponding the present embodiment of Fig. 8 C, 8D, needle roller 127-1 and 127-2 are pushed to right side in figure by commutation element 115.In Fig. 8 C, needle roller 127-1 contacts with shaped face 131 with the inner headed face 135 of driven gear 111 simultaneously, and in Fig. 8 D, needle roller 127-2 contacts with shaped face 131 with the inner headed face 138 of driving gear 118 simultaneously.

In the time that driving gear 118 clockwise rotates, inner headed face 138 drives needle roller 127-2 to clockwise rotate, needle roller 127-2 is subject to frictional force to the right on shaped face 131,, inner headed face 138 and shaped face 131 are towards right side the power of needle roller 127-2, needle roller 127-2 is clamped by the angle of wedge of formation between shaped face 131 and inner headed face 138, drive main shaft 105 to clockwise rotate.Now, driven gear 111 rotates counterclockwise, the needle roller 127-1 coordinating with inner headed face 135 also rotates counterclockwise, this needle roller is subject to frictional force left on shaped face 131, that is, inner headed face 135 and shaped face 131 are towards left side the power of needle roller 127-1, because the size of the radial clearance on the left of needle roller is greater than needle roller diameter, make needle roller 127-1 in relaxation state, correspondingly, driven gear 111 dallies with respect to main shaft 105.

In the time that driving gear 118 rotates counterclockwise, inner headed face 138 drives corresponding needle roller 127-2 to rotate counterclockwise, this needle roller is subject to frictional force left on shaped face 131,, inner headed face 138 and shaped face 131 are towards left side the power of needle roller 127-2, because the size of the radial clearance on the left of needle roller 127-2 is greater than needle roller diameter, make this needle roller 127-2 in relaxation state, therefore, now driving gear 118 dallies with respect to main shaft 105.But, due to the existence of idler gear 128, driven gear 111 is clockwise rotated.Inner headed face 135 drives corresponding needle roller 127-1 to clockwise rotate, this needle roller 127-1 is subject to frictional force to the right on shaped face 131,, inner headed face 135 and shaped face 131 are towards right side the power of this needle roller 127-1, needle roller 127-1 is clamped by the angle of wedge of formation between shaped face 131 and inner headed face 135, drive main shaft 105 to clockwise rotate.

Thus, no matter handle drives driving gear clockwise or rotates counterclockwise, under the first duty, main shaft 105 all clockwise rotates.

Second duty of the corresponding the present embodiment of Fig. 9 B, 9C, needle roller 127-1 and 127-2 are pushed to left side in figure by commutation element 115.In Fig. 9 B, needle roller 127-1 contacts with shaped face 131 with the inner headed face 135 of driven gear 111 simultaneously, and in Fig. 9 C, needle roller 127-2 contacts with shaped face 131 with the inner headed face 138 of driving gear 118 simultaneously.

In the time that driving gear 118 clockwise rotates, inner headed face 138 drives corresponding needle roller 127-2 to clockwise rotate, this needle roller 127-2 is subject to frictional force to the right on shaped face 131,, inner headed face 138 and shaped face 131 are towards right side the power of needle roller 127-2, because the size of the radial clearance on needle roller 127-2 right side is greater than needle roller diameter, make this needle roller 127-2 in relaxation state, therefore, now driving gear 118 dallies with respect to main shaft 105.But, due to the existence of idler gear 128, driven gear 111 is rotated counterclockwise.Inner headed face 135 drives corresponding needle roller 127-1 to rotate counterclockwise, this needle roller 127-1 is subject to frictional force left on shaped face 131,, inner headed face 135 and shaped face 131 are towards left side the power of this needle roller 127-1, needle roller 127-1 is clamped by the angle of wedge of formation between shaped face 131 and inner headed face 135, drive main shaft 105 to rotate counterclockwise.

In the time that driving gear 118 rotates counterclockwise, inner headed face 138 drives needle roller 127-2 to rotate counterclockwise, needle roller 127-2 is subject to frictional force left on shaped face 131,, inner headed face 138 and shaped face 131 are towards left side the power of needle roller 127-2, needle roller 127-2 is clamped by the angle of wedge of formation between shaped face 131 and inner headed face 138, drive main shaft 105 to rotate counterclockwise.Now, driven gear 111 clockwise rotates, the needle roller 127-1 coordinating with inner headed face 135 also clockwise rotates, this needle roller 127-1 is subject to frictional force to the right on shaped face 131, that is, inner headed face 135 and shaped face 131 are towards right side the power of needle roller 127-1, because the size of the radial clearance on needle roller 127-1 right side is greater than needle roller diameter, make needle roller 127-1 in relaxation state, correspondingly, driven gear 111 dallies with respect to main shaft 105.

Thus, no matter handle drives driving gear clockwise or rotates counterclockwise, under the second duty, main shaft 105 all rotates counterclockwise.

To sum up, reversing arrangement 110 has been realized respectively the function of one-way clutch under two kinds of duties.

Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 8 A and Fig. 9 A, on commutation element 115, be provided with two locating slot 117-1 and 117-2, coordinate with the locking ball 124 arranging on main shaft 105, to realize the switching between aforementioned two duties.Locking ball 124 is headed into locating slot by a spring 123 that is positioned at main shaft 105 inside, and reversing arrangement 110 is set as to one of two kinds of duties.Rotate 115 1 angles of commutation element relative to main shaft 105, can switch the position of locking ball 124 between two locating slots, the present embodiment is changed between aforementioned the first duty and the second duty, thereby realized the commutator function of reversing arrangement 110.

2.3, below in conjunction with the mode of operation of brief description of the drawings the present embodiment

2.3.1 first, rotate commutation element 115 relative to main shaft 105, locking ball 124 is arranged in one of desirable two locating slots, be located at as shown in Figure 8 A in locating slot 117-1, now main shaft 105 is set to clockwise rotate, and the present embodiment is in aforementioned the first duty.

2.3.1.1 operator one holds gripper rings 113, and another hand handle 121 that turns clockwise drives driving gear 118 to turn clockwise.Now, the inner headed face 138 of driving gear 118 clamps the needle roller 127-2 corresponding with driving gear 118 with the shaped face 131 of main shaft 105, drives main shaft 105 to clockwise rotate.Idler gear 128 drives driven gear 111 to rotate counterclockwise, and the needle roller 127-1 corresponding with driven gear 111, in relaxation state, can roll, and driven gear 111 is dallied on main shaft 105.Therefore, now driven gear 111 is not had an effect.

2.3.1.2 operator is rotated counterclockwise handle 121, drives driving gear 118 to be rotated counterclockwise.Now, the needle roller 127-2 corresponding with driving gear 118, in relaxation state, can roll, and driving gear 118 is dallied on main shaft 105.Idler gear 128 drives driven gear 111 to clockwise rotate, and the needle roller 127-1 corresponding with driven gear 111 is clamped, drives main shaft 105 to clockwise rotate.

To sum up, no matter the rotation direction that has realized handle 121 how, main shaft all clockwise rotates.

2.3.2 then, rotate commutation element 115 relative to main shaft 105, locking ball 124 is changed in locating slot 117-2, now main shaft 105 is set to rotate counterclockwise, and the present embodiment is in aforementioned the second duty.Operator one holds gripper rings 113, though another hand according to clockwise or rotate counterclockwise handle 121, main shaft all rotates counterclockwise.

3, the further improvement structure of reversing arrangement 110

Referring to Fig. 1,2,3, on skull 108, be also provided with the slideway parallel with the axis of main shaft 105, in slideway, be provided with can be smooth the push button assembly 126 that slides of road, for controlling the position of commutation element 115, so that the rotation direction of main shaft 105 to be set.For example, when push button assembly 126 pushes forward position (, towards the direction of screwdriver bit, shown in Fig. 1), the locating slot 117-1 of commutation element 115 coordinates with locking ball 124, and main shaft 105 can only rotate clockwise, and screwdriver 100 is used for tighten the screws; When push button assembly 126 pushes rearward position (that is, leaving the direction of screwdriver bit, shown in Fig. 3), the locating slot 117-2 of commutation element 115 coordinates with locking ball 124, and main shaft 105 can only counterclockwise rotate, and screwdriver 100 is used for unclamping screw.Certainly, the relation of push button and main shaft direction of rotation also can be conversely, and the present invention will not limit this.

Above-mentioned push button assembly 126 is realized by a spatial cam the control of commutation element 115.As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 A, Fig. 9 A, on the outer circumference surface of commutation element 115, be provided with the chute 116 of a helical type.Push button assembly 126 has the part that stretches into chute 116, for example an arm 126-1 or a steel ball, thereby form the cam mechanism that the axial linear movement of push button assembly 126 is converted to the circular motion of commutation element 115,, stir vertically push button assembly 126, the arm 126-1 that stretches into chute 116 makes commutation element 115 that circular motion occur.By this cam mechanism, push button assembly 126 is converted into the switching of locking ball 124 in two locating slots in the switching between former and later two positions.

If there is no push button assembly 126, realize commutation, must both hands hold respectively main shaft and commutation element 115(or with these two parts parts tight joint, that be easy to hold respectively), in addition rotation relatively.And arrange after push button assembly 126, only need operator just can promote with a finger, realize commutation.This improvement greatly facilitates the use of reversing arrangement 110.

In addition, adopted and utilized push button assembly 126 to control after the mode that commutation element 115 rotates, the structure of locking ball 124 and two locating slots can be cancelled.As long as can promote commutation element 115 by push button assembly 126, then promote the operating position of needle roller arrival one-way clutch, can realize object of the present invention.

The present embodiment also comprises the unnecessary axially movable structure of the each parts of restriction, such as step, back-up ring, securing member etc., and in order to rotate various bearings, oilite bushing etc. smooth and easy and that arrange, do not add detailed description at this, the present invention will not limit it.

In general operation, the transfixion when gripper rings 113 of the present embodiment is held, compared with criticizing with the normal screws that there is no two-way speed transmission, efficiency doubles.But in practical operation, also can make gripper rings 113 with the direction rotation contrary with handle 121, now the rotating speed of main shaft 105 is twices of handle 121 rotating speeds, and compared with criticizing with the normal screws that there is no two-way speed transmission, efficiency is four times.

embodiment bis-:

The present embodiment and embodiment mono-are similar, just the reversing arrangement in embodiment mono-110 are replaced with to the ratchet-pawl type reversing arrangement as shown in Figure 11 A, 11B and Figure 12 A, 12B.On main shaft 105, pawl base is set, on pawl base, be symmetrical arranged two reverse swingable ratchets, be pawl base 223 and ratchet 224a and the 224b of corresponding driving gear 118 in Figure 11 B and 12B, the pawl base 213 of corresponding driven gear 111 and ratchet 214a and 214b in Figure 11 A and 12A.Commutation element 215 upper sheds, opening two ends can promote ratchet, change the operating position (the rotation direction of main shaft is set) of ratchet.In Figure 11 A and 12A, the opening two ends of commutation element 215 are 216a and 216b, and Figure 11 B and 12B split shed two ends are 226a and 226b.The inner headed face of driving gear 118 and driven gear 111 changes the interior ratchet face 238 and 235 with annular distribution into, and these two interior ratchet faces can engage with at least one ratchet respectively.Between every pair of ratchet, be also provided with and make these two ratchets open the flexible member 219 and 229 that relies on interior ratchet face, to ensure the positive engagement of ratchet and interior ratchet face.The operation principle of the present embodiment is:

First duty of the corresponding the present embodiment of Figure 11 A, 11B, ratchet 224b engages with interior ratchet face 238, and ratchet 214b engages with interior ratchet face 235.Now, the openend 216a of commutation element 215 promotes ratchet 214a, and the openend 226a of commutation element 215 promotes ratchet 224a, depart from its interior ratchet face 235,238 separately, thus inoperative.

Now, if clockwise rotate handle 121, drive driving gear 118 to clockwise rotate, ratchet 224b slips on interior ratchet face 238, not to main shaft 105 carry-over moments.111 of driven gears rotate counterclockwise under the drive of idler gear 128, and interior ratchet face 235 can, through the ratchet 214b engaging with it, transmit torque to main shaft 105, makes spindle axis counterclockwise rotation.

If rotate counterclockwise handle 121, drive driving gear 118 to rotate counterclockwise, interior ratchet face 238 can, through the ratchet 224b engaging with it, transmit torque to main shaft 105, makes spindle axis counterclockwise rotation.111 of driven gears clockwise rotate, and ratchet 214b slips on interior ratchet face 235, and driven gear 111 dallies with respect to main shaft 105.

Thus, no matter handle drives driving gear clockwise or rotates counterclockwise, under the first duty, the main shaft 105 of the present embodiment all rotates counterclockwise.

Second duty of the corresponding the present embodiment of Figure 12 A, 12B, commutation element 215 turns over certain angle clockwise, and ratchet 224a is engaged with interior ratchet face 238, and ratchet 214a engages with interior ratchet face 235.Now, the openend 216b of commutation element 215 promotes ratchet 214b, and the openend 226b of commutation element 215 promotes 224b, depart from its interior ratchet face 235,238 separately, thus inoperative.In like manner known, no matter handle drives driving gear clockwise or rotates counterclockwise, under the second duty, main shaft 105 all clockwise rotates.

Therefore, main shaft 105 is stirred commutation element 215 relatively, utilizes its openend that suitable ratchet is engaged with interior ratchet face, can realize the switching between aforementioned the first duty and the second duty.

embodiment tri-:

The present embodiment and embodiment mono-are similar, just the reversing arrangement in embodiment mono-110 are replaced with to the brake block formula reversing arrangement as shown in Figure 13 A, 13B and Figure 14 A, 14B.On main shaft 105, the parallel fluting in axis both sides, arranges brake block in groove, i.e. brake block 324a and the 324b of corresponding driving gear 118 in Figure 13 B and Figure 14 B, brake block 314a and the 314b of corresponding driven gear 111 in Figure 13 A and Figure 14 A.The outside end face of brake block 314a and 314b is inclined-plane, and two inclined-planes are V-shaped relatively.Commutation element 315 upper sheds, open end can promote the outside end face of brake block, makes brake block flexible in groove, thereby changes the operating position (the rotation direction of main shaft is set) of brake block.In Figure 13 A and 14A, the opening effect end of commutation element 315 is 316a and 316b, and Figure 13 B and 14B split shed effect end are 326a and 326b.The opening effect end of commutation element 315 lays respectively between V-shaped two relative inclined-planes.The inner peripheral surface of driving gear 118 and driven gear 111 changes the inner toothed surface 338 and 335 with multiple tooth portion into, and these two inner toothed surface can engage with at least one brake block respectively.On main shaft 105, arrange in the groove of brake block and be also provided with the spring of the outside pushing tow of brake block 319, to ensure the positive engagement of brake block and inner toothed surface.The operation principle of the present embodiment is:

First duty of the corresponding the present embodiment of Figure 13 A, 13B, the opening effect end 326a of commutation element 315 promotes in brake block 324a retraction groove, and brake block 324b engages with inner toothed surface 338; The opening effect end 316a of commutation element 315 promotes in brake block 314a retraction groove, and brake block 314b engages with inner toothed surface 335.

Now, if clockwise rotate handle 121, drive driving gear 118 to clockwise rotate, inner toothed surface 338 can, through the brake block 324b engaging with it, transmit torque to main shaft 105, and main shaft is clockwise rotated.111 of driven gears rotate counterclockwise under the drive of idler gear 128, and brake block 314b slips in inner toothed surface 335, and or not to main shaft 105 carry-over moments, driven gear 111 does not dally with respect to main shaft 105.

If rotate counterclockwise handle 121, drive driving gear 118 to rotate counterclockwise, brake block 324b slips in inner toothed surface 338, not to main shaft 105 carry-over moments.111 of driven gears clockwise rotate under the drive of idler gear 128, and inner toothed surface 335 can, through the brake block 314b engaging with it, transmit torque to main shaft 105, and main shaft is clockwise rotated.

Thus, no matter handle drives driving gear clockwise or rotates counterclockwise, under the first duty, the main shaft 105 of the present embodiment all clockwise rotates.

Second duty of the corresponding the present embodiment of Figure 14 A, 14B, the opening effect end 326b of commutation element 315 promotes in brake block 324b retraction groove, and brake block 324a engages with inner toothed surface 338; The opening effect end 316b of commutation element 315 promotes in brake block 314b retraction groove, and brake block 314a engages with inner toothed surface 335.In like manner known, no matter handle drives driving gear clockwise or rotates counterclockwise, under the second duty, main shaft 105 all rotates counterclockwise.

Therefore, main shaft 105 is stirred commutation element 315 relatively, utilizes its opening effect end to promote suitable brake block and engages with inner toothed surface, can realize the switching between aforementioned the first duty and the second duty.

embodiment tetra-:

The present embodiment is the one distortion to brake block in embodiment tri-, changes plane into by the outside end face of brake block.Taking parts corresponding with driving gear 118 as shown in figure 15 as example, the outside end face of brake block 424a and 424b is plane, the opening effect end 426a of commutation element 415 and 426b are between two brake block, can promote the outside end face of brake block, make brake block flexible in groove, thereby change the operating position (the rotation direction of main shaft is set) of brake block.The inner toothed surface 438 of driving gear 118 can engage with at least one brake block.The operation principle and the embodiment tri-that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present embodiment are similar, can realize equally object of the present invention.

embodiment five:

The present embodiment is the another kind distortion to brake block and commutation element in embodiment tri-.Taking parts corresponding with driving gear 118 as shown in figure 16 as example, the outside end face of brake block 524a and 524b is the profile of tooth coordinating with the inner toothed surface 538 of driving gear 118, the opening effect end 526a of commutation element 515 and 526b are positioned at the outside of two brake block, can promote the outside end face of brake block, make brake block flexible in groove, thereby change the operating position (the rotation direction of main shaft is set) of brake block.The inner toothed surface 538 of driving gear 118 can engage with at least one brake block.The operation principle and the embodiment tri-that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present embodiment are similar, can realize equally object of the present invention.

Embodiment six:

The present embodiment has disclosed another kind of reversing arrangement, and as shown in Figure 17-26, the outside of reversing arrangement 110 ' is arranged with transmission device 130.Reversing arrangement 110 ' comprises commutation element 115 ', the reversing switch that newel 220, the first bulb stopper 221 and the second bulb stopper 222 form and the first pawl element 211 and the second pawl element 212.Wherein, commutation element is set on main shaft 105 and newel 220, and can rotate simultaneously, and the first bulb stopper 221 and the second bulb stopper 222 are fixed on newel 220 with interval.Preferably, between the first bulb stopper 221 and the second bulb stopper 222 and newel, be combined with the flexible members such as spring 223.The first pawl element 211 and the second pawl element 212 are arranged on commutation element 115 ' by countershaft 210, as shown in figure 25, countershaft 210 is parallel to commutation element 115 ' but its central axis does not coincide with the central axis of commutation element 115 ', and the first pawl element 211 and the second pawl element 212 can rotate around countershaft 210.

The structural similarity of the first pawl element 211 and the second pawl element 212, all comprises the first fan-shaped ratchet, the second fan-shaped ratchet and fan-shaped mid portion between the two.Taking the first pawl element 211 as example, Figure 26 has shown the top view of the first pawl element 211, and as can be seen from Figure 26, the first pawl element 211 comprises the first fan-shaped ratchet 2111, the second fan-shaped ratchet 2112 and fan-shaped mid portion 2110 between the two.The fan-shaped tooth surface of the fan-shaped tooth surface of the first fan-shaped ratchet 2111, the sector of fan-shaped mid portion 2110 and the second fan-shaped ratchet 2112 has formed the first surface of the first pawl element 211.The first pawl element 211 also has second surface, i.e. bottom surface, and this is a shaped face, and in the present embodiment, it comprises a recess 2113, and recess 2113 has the first side wall 2114 and the second sidewall 2115.In the first pawl element 211, have the via hole 2101 coordinating with countershaft 210, countershaft 210 is arranged on the first pawl element 211 on commutation element 115 ' through hole 2101.In the present embodiment, via hole 2101 is arranged on the fan-shaped mid portion 2110 of the first pawl element 211, preferably, is arranged on the center of gravity place of the first pawl element 211.The structure of the second pawl element 212 is similar to the first pawl element 211, be not repeated herein, its thickness is less than the thickness of the first pawl element 211 in the present embodiment, but in other embodiments, its thickness also can equate with the thickness of the first pawl element 211, or be greater than the thickness of the first pawl element 211.

The first surface of the first pawl element 211 and the second pawl element 212 is relative with the flank of tooth of the first ratchet face 311 of driving gear 118 inner sides and the second ratchet face 321 of driven gear 111 inner sides respectively, particularly, the tooth of the fan-shaped ratchet (comprising the first fan-shaped ratchet 2111 and the second fan-shaped ratchet 2112) of the first pawl element 211 is relative with the tooth of the first ratchet face 311, and the tooth of the fan-shaped ratchet (comprising the first fan-shaped ratchet and the second fan-shaped ratchet) of the second pawl element 212 is relative with the tooth of the second ratchet face 321.The second surface of the first pawl element 211 and the second pawl element 212 is relative with the surface of newel 220 respectively, particularly, the second surface of the first pawl element 211 is relative with the first bulb stopper 221, and the second surface of the second pawl element 212 is relative with the second bulb stopper 222.By pivot post 220, can make the first bulb stopper 221 contact the first side wall 2114 of the recess 2113 of the first pawl element 211, make the second bulb stopper 222 contact the first side wall of the recess of the second pawl element 212, now Bidirectional screw of the present invention is criticized in the first mode of operation simultaneously; Or, make the first bulb stopper 221 contact the second sidewall 2115 of the recess 2113 of the first pawl element 211, make the second bulb stopper 222 contact the second sidewall of the recess of the second pawl element 212 simultaneously, now Bidirectional screw of the present invention is criticized in the second mode of operation.

In the time that Bidirectional screw of the present invention is criticized in the first mode of operation, as shown in Figure 17 A-17E, the tooth of the first fan-shaped ratchet 2111 of the first pawl element 211 and the tooth contact of the first ratchet face 311, equally, the tooth of the first fan-shaped ratchet of the second pawl element 212 and the tooth contact of the second ratchet face 321.When driving the first ratchet face 311 of driving gear 118, handle rotates, when in the direction of motion of the tooth of first ratchet face 311 at the first fan-shaped ratchet 2111 places when pointing to the second fan-shaped part 2112 from the first fan-shaped part 2111, when the first ratchet face 311 clockwise rotates, what contact due to the first bulb stopper 221 is the first side wall 2114 of the recess 2113 of the first pawl element 211, the first ratchet face 311 can not drive the first pawl element 211 to play rotation with one, and the tooth of the first fan-shaped ratchet 2111 does not engage transmission with the tooth of the first ratchet face 311; And when in the direction of motion of the tooth of first ratchet face 311 at the first fan-shaped ratchet 2111 places when pointing to the first fan-shaped part 2111 from the second fan-shaped part 2112, when the first ratchet face 311 rotates counterclockwise, because the first bulb stopper 221 contacts the first side wall 2114 of the recess 2113 of the first pawl element 211, the first ratchet face 311 can drive the first pawl element 211 to play rotation with one, i.e. the indented joint transmission of the tooth of the first fan-shaped ratchet 2111 and the first ratchet face 311.And the rotation of the first pawl element 211 is passed to commutation element 115 ' by countershaft 210, thereby drive commutation element 115 ' to rotate.

Simultaneously, when the direction of motion of the tooth of second ratchet face 321 at the first fan-shaped ratchet place at the second pawl element 212 is to point to the second scallop timesharing from the first fan-shaped part of the second pawl element 212, when the second ratchet face 321 clockwise rotates, what contact due to the second bulb stopper 222 is the first side wall of the recess of the second pawl element 212, the second ratchet face 321 can not drive the second pawl element 212 to play rotation with one, and the tooth of the first fan-shaped ratchet of the second pawl element 212 and the tooth of the second ratchet face 321 do not engage transmission; And ought be to point to the first scallop timesharing from the second fan-shaped part of the second pawl element 212 in the direction of motion of the tooth of second ratchet face 321 at the first fan-shaped ratchet place of the second pawl element 212, when the second ratchet face 321 rotates counterclockwise, because the second bulb stopper 222 contacts the first side wall of the recess of the second pawl element 212, the second ratchet face 321 can drive the second pawl element 212 to play rotation with one, i.e. the indented joint transmission of the tooth of the first fan-shaped ratchet of the second pawl element 212 and the second ratchet face 321.And the rotation of the second pawl element 212 is passed to commutation element 115 ' by countershaft 210, thereby drive commutation element 115 ' to rotate.

Due to the transmission of aforesaid idler gear 128 and driving gear 118 and driven gear 111, in the time that gripper rings 113 maintains static, the rotation direction of the second ratchet face 321 is contrary with the first ratchet face 311.Hence one can see that, in the present invention in the first mode of operation, when the input torque from handle is clockwise moment, it clockwise rotates the first ratchet face 311, and the second ratchet face 321 rotates counterclockwise, and now the first pawl element 211 does not connect with the first ratchet face 311, the second pawl element 212 connects with the second ratchet face 321, thus, the second pawl element 212 rotates counterclockwise commutation element 115 ', and output torque is anticlockwise moment; When the input torque from handle is anticlockwise moment, it rotates counterclockwise the first ratchet face 311, the second ratchet face 321 clockwise rotates, now the first pawl element 211 connects with the first ratchet face 311, the second pawl element 212 does not connect with the second ratchet face 321, thus, the first pawl element 211 rotates counterclockwise commutation element 115 ', and output torque is anticlockwise moment.

In the time that Bidirectional screw of the present invention is criticized in the second mode of operation, as shown in Figure 18 A-18E, the tooth of the second fan-shaped ratchet 2112 of the first pawl element 211 and the tooth contact of the first ratchet face 311, equally, the tooth of the second fan-shaped ratchet of the second pawl element 212 and the tooth contact of the second ratchet face 321.When make the first ratchet face 311 rotate from the input torque of handle, when in the direction of motion of the tooth of first ratchet face 311 at the second fan-shaped ratchet 2112 places when pointing to the second fan-shaped part 2112 from the first fan-shaped part 2111, when the first ratchet face 311 clockwise rotates, because the first bulb stopper 221 contacts the second sidewall 2115 of the recess 2113 of the first pawl element 211, the first ratchet face 311 can drive the first pawl element 211 to play rotation with one, i.e. the indented joint transmission of the tooth of the second fan-shaped ratchet 2112 and the first ratchet face 311; And the rotation of the first pawl element 211 is passed to commutation element 115 ' by countershaft 210, thereby drive commutation element 115 ' to rotate.And when in the direction of motion of the tooth of first ratchet face 311 at the second fan-shaped ratchet 2112 places when pointing to the first fan-shaped part 2111 from the second fan-shaped part 2112, when the first ratchet face 311 rotates counterclockwise, what contact due to the first bulb stopper 221 is the second sidewall 2115 of the recess 2113 of the first pawl element 211, the first ratchet face 311 can not drive the first pawl element 211 to play rotation with one, and the tooth of the second fan-shaped ratchet 2112 does not engage transmission with the tooth of the first ratchet face 311.

Simultaneously, when the direction of motion of the tooth of second ratchet face 321 at the second fan-shaped ratchet place at the second pawl element 212 is to point to the second scallop timesharing from the first fan-shaped part of the second pawl element 212, when the second ratchet face 321 clockwise rotates, because the second bulb stopper 222 contacts the second sidewall of the recess of the second pawl element 212, the second ratchet face 321 can drive the second pawl element 212 to play rotation with one, i.e. the indented joint transmission of the tooth of the second fan-shaped ratchet of the second pawl element 212 and the second ratchet face 321; And the rotation of the second pawl element 212 is passed to commutation element 115 ' by countershaft 210, thereby drive commutation element 115 ' to rotate.And ought be to point to the first scallop timesharing from the second fan-shaped part of the second pawl element 212 in the direction of motion of the tooth of second ratchet face 321 at the second fan-shaped ratchet place of the second pawl element 212, when the second ratchet face 321 rotates counterclockwise, what contact due to the second bulb stopper 222 is the second sidewall of the recess of the second pawl element 212, the second ratchet face 321 can not drive the second pawl element 212 to play rotation with one, and the tooth of the second fan-shaped ratchet of the second pawl element 212 and the tooth of the second ratchet face 321 do not engage transmission.

Due to the transmission of aforesaid idler gear 128 and driving gear 118 and driven gear 111, in the time that gripper rings 113 maintains static, the rotation direction of the second ratchet face 321 is contrary with the first ratchet face 311.Hence one can see that, criticize in the second mode of operation at Bidirectional screw of the present invention, when being clockwise moment from handle input torque, it clockwise rotates the first ratchet face 311, and the second ratchet face 321 rotates counterclockwise, and now the first pawl element 211 connects with the first ratchet face 311, the second pawl element 212 does not connect with the second ratchet face 321, thus, the first pawl element 211 clockwise rotates commutation element 115 ', and output torque is clockwise moment; When being anticlockwise moment from handle input torque, it rotates counterclockwise the first ratchet face 311, the second ratchet face 321 clockwise rotates, now the first pawl element 211 does not connect with the first ratchet face 311, the second pawl element 212 connects with the second ratchet face 321, thus, the second pawl element 212 clockwise rotates commutation element 115 ', and output torque is clockwise moment.

As previously mentioned, by pivot post 220, can make Bidirectional screw of the present invention criticize between the first mode of operation and the second mode of operation and switch, select.For easy to use, in the present embodiment, the chute 116 ' of helical type is arranged on the front end of newel 220.On skull 108, be also provided with the slideway parallel with the axis of main shaft 105, in slideway, be provided with can be smooth the push button assembly 126 that slides of road, for the position of control centre's post, so that the rotation direction of main shaft 105 to be set.

Above-mentioned push button assembly 126 is realized by a spatial cam the control of newel 220.As shown in figure 24, on the outer circumference surface of newel 220, be provided with the chute 116 ' of a helical type.Push button assembly 126 has the part that stretches into chute 116 ', for example an arm 126-1 or a steel ball, thereby form the cam mechanism that the axial linear movement of push button assembly 126 is converted to the circular motion of newel 220,, stir vertically push button assembly 126, the arm 126-1 that stretches into chute 116 ' makes newel 220 that circular motion occur.

A kind of several embodiment of the screwdriver with Bidirectional mechanical converter are more than recorded, the direction of the rotating torque of inputting regardless of the handle of this screwdriver, Bidirectional mechanical converter all transmits torque to the main shaft output of described screwdriver according to a predefined direction.

On the basis of the above-mentioned screwdriver with Bidirectional mechanical converter, the present invention further provides a kind of Bidirectional screw with speeder and criticized, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, this speedup Bidirectional screw is criticized and described.

Figure 17-21 show the specific embodiment that this speedup Bidirectional screw is criticized, and as seen from the figure, on the basis of criticizing with above-mentioned Bidirectional screw, screwdriver also comprises speeder.Further comprise speedup switch 5, in the time opening speedup switch 5, the rotation of inputting by handle 121 is inputted Bidirectional mechanical converter after by speedup; While closing speedup switch 5, the rotation of inputting by handle 121 is directly input into Bidirectional mechanical converter.

Figure 20 shows this screwdriver having removed after handle 121, gripper rings 113, and the specific embodiment that visible part 6 is foregoing Bidirectional mechanical converter, is not described further at this.And the part 7 being associated with part 6 is speeder part, below will be elaborated to this speeder part 7.

Figure 28 and 29 is the decomposition explosion figure of speeder 7,8 driving gears 118 that are Bidirectional mechanical converter in figure, and the afterbody of driving gear 118 arranges a gear shaft 81.It should be noted that, although in the present embodiment, gear shaft 81 is not one with driving gear 118, in other embodiment, can adopt the connecting mode of one to make gear shaft 81 can drive driving gear 118 to rotate together yet.Referring to Figure 28 and 29, speedup planetary gears 9 is set on gear shaft 81, comprises and gear ring 91 that gripper rings 113 is fixedly linked, is engaged in three planetary gears 92 and planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 between gear shaft 81 and gear ring 91.At this moment gear shaft 81 plays the effect of central gear in speedup planetary gears 9.In the time that user grips gripper rings 113 turning handle 2, gear ring 91 maintains static, and rotation is passed to planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 by handle, and planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 drives planetary gear 92 to rotate, and planetary gear 92 driven gear axle 81 speedups are rotated.If the present embodiment middle gear ring 91 maintains static, rotate and inputted by planetary gear 92, exported by central gear that is gear shaft 81.

In the present embodiment, the number of teeth of gear ring 91 is 36, and the gear of planetary gear 92 is 12, and therefore speedup planetary gears 9 makes the rotation inputted by handle 2 after 4 times of speedups, be passed to the driving gear 8 of Bidirectional mechanical converter.In other embodiment, also can set according to specific needs other speed ratio.

In the screwdriver of the present embodiment, although the velocity of rotation of main shaft 105 is increased by speeder 7, under the workplace of low torque demand, can improve the operating efficiency of screwdriver, but be accompanied by the increase of rotating speed, the moment of torsion of screwdriver output reduces, and under the workplace of high torque demand, can not meet instructions for use.Therefore in the present embodiment, also further be provided with clutch function for speeder part 7, under the workplace of low torque demand, make speeder engage to improve the rotating speed of screwdriver output, under the workplace of high torque demand, make speeder separate to increase the moment of torsion of screwdriver output.Below by this clutch function, realization in the present embodiment elaborates.

As shown in figure 30, gear shaft 81 comprises three parts: the first face of gear 811, light face 812 and the second face of gear 813 that coordinate with planetary gear 92.On the inner peripheral surface of planet carrier sleeve pipe 10, be provided with internal gear 101, planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 can, under the drive of speedup switch 5, slide on gear shaft 81 between bonding station and separation point position.In the time that planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 slides into bonding station, planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 engages with planetary gear 92 and can drive planetary gear 92 to rotate, and now internal gear 101 is positioned at light face 812 places on gear shaft 81; In the time that planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 slides into separation point position, planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 separates with planetary gear 92, can not drive planetary gear 92 to rotate, and internal gear 101 is positioned at the second face of gear 813 places and coordinates with it, thereby make the rotation of inputting by handle 121 can directly be passed to driving gear 118, and do not kept former moment of torsion constant by speeder 7 speedups.

In the present embodiment, planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 is outer is also provided with outer tube 11, the outer sheathed handle 121 of outer tube 11, and the rotation that handle 121 is inputted is passed on planet carrier sleeve pipe 10 by outer tube 11.Can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, in other embodiment, between handle 2 and planet carrier sleeve pipe 10, also can adopt other connecting mode so that rotation is inputed on planet carrier sleeve pipe 10.

More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just can design according to the present invention make many modifications and variations without creative work.Therefore, all technical staff in the art, all should be in by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.

Claims

1. a Bidirectional screw is criticized, and comprising:

Handle, main shaft, transmission device, it comprises driving gear, driven gear, conversion seat and idler gear, described idler gear is arranged on the intermediate gear shaft on described conversion seat, and be engaged in transmission between described driving gear and described driven gear, wherein, described handle drives described driving gear to rotate, described intermediate gear shaft is installed with a gripper rings outward, in the time that described gripper rings and described handle relatively rotate, drive described driving gear to rotate, described driving gear drives described driven gear reverse rotation by described idler gear, wherein, driving gear also has the first ratchet face of inner side, driven gear also has the second ratchet face of inner side,

Also comprise reversing arrangement, it comprises commutation element, the first pawl element and the second pawl element and reversing switch, wherein, described driving gear, driven gear and conversion seat are all set on described commutation element, and described commutation element is enclosed within on described main shaft, can drive described main shaft to rotate;

Wherein, described the first pawl element has the first ratchet and the second ratchet that optionally coordinate with described the first ratchet face, wherein said the first ratchet skids with described the first ratchet face in a first direction, in second direction, engage transmission with described the first ratchet face, described the second ratchet engages transmission with described the first ratchet face in a first direction, in second direction, skids with described the first ratchet face;

Described the second pawl element has the 3rd ratchet and the 4th ratchet that optionally coordinate with described the second ratchet face, wherein said the 3rd ratchet skids with described the first ratchet face in a first direction, in second direction, engage transmission with described the first ratchet face, described the 4th ratchet engages transmission with described the first ratchet face in a first direction, in second direction, skids with described the first ratchet face;

Described reversing switch can be arranged on the first state and the second state by described the first pawl element and described the second pawl element, under described the first state, described the first ratchet and described the 3rd ratchet coordinate with described the first ratchet face and the second ratchet face respectively simultaneously; Under described the second state, described the second ratchet and described the 4th ratchet coordinate with described the first ratchet face and the second ratchet face respectively simultaneously;

Described first direction is clockwise or counterclockwise, described second direction be with first party in the opposite direction.

2. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 1 is criticized, and wherein, described the first pawl element and/or the second pawl element are fan-shaped, wherein said the first ratchet and the second ratchet, and the 3rd ratchet and the 4th ratchet are fan-shaped tooth surface.

3. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 2 is criticized, wherein, described reversing switch comprises newel, the first bulb stopper and the second bulb stopper, described newel is placed through in described commutation element, described the first bulb stopper and described the second bulb stopper are fixed on described newel successively, and described the first bulb stopper and described the second bulb stopper coordinate with the recess on the fan-shaped bottom surface of described the first pawl element and the second pawl element respectively.

4. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 3 is criticized, and wherein, between described the first bulb stopper and described the second bulb stopper and described newel, is combined with flexible member.

5. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 4 is criticized, and wherein, described the first pawl element and the second pawl element are arranged on countershaft, and described countershaft is parallel with described commutation element.

6. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 5 is criticized, wherein, the front end of described newel arranges the chute of helical type, described Bidirectional screw is criticized and is also comprised the skull that is enclosed within commutation element front end, on described skull, be also provided with the slideway parallel with the axis of described main shaft, in described slideway, be provided with the push button assembly that can slide along described slideway and described chute, for controlling the position of described newel, so that the rotation direction of described main shaft to be set.

7. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 1 is criticized, also comprise speeder, it comprises that with being arranged on described driving gear afterbody be gear shaft and speedup planetary gears, described speedup planetary gears comprises the gear ring being fixedly linked with described gripper rings, be engaged in three planetary gears between described gear shaft and described gear ring, with the planet carrier sleeve pipe that is connected described handle, in the time that described gear ring and described handle relatively rotate, drive described planetary gear rotation by described planet carrier sleeve pipe, described planetary gear drives described gear shaft speedup to rotate, the rotation after speedup is inputed to described driving gear by described gear shaft.

8. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 7 is criticized, wherein, on described gear shaft, there is the first face of gear, light face and the second face of gear that coordinate with described planetary gear, on the inner peripheral surface of described planet carrier sleeve pipe, be provided with internal gear, described planet carrier sleeve pipe be set to can be on described gear shaft bonding station and separation point position between slide, in the time that described planet carrier sleeve pipe slides into described bonding station, described planet carrier sleeve pipe engages with described planetary gear, and now described internal gear is positioned at the described light face place on described gear shaft; In the time that described planet carrier sleeve pipe slides into described separation point position, described planet carrier sleeve pipe separates with described planetary gear, and described internal gear is positioned at described the second face of gear place and coordinates with it.

9. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 8 is criticized, and also comprises the speedup switch that drives described planet carrier sleeve pipe to slide between described bonding station and separation point position.

10. Bidirectional screw as claimed in claim 9 is criticized, and wherein, described planet carrier sleeve pipe is also provided with outer tube outward, the outer sheathed described handle of described outer tube.