CN104094980A - Azadirachtin water aqua for treating Chinese chive root maggot and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Azadirachtin water aqua for treating Chinese chive root maggot and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104094980A CN104094980A CN201410381518.4A CN201410381518A CN104094980A CN 104094980 A CN104094980 A CN 104094980A CN 201410381518 A CN201410381518 A CN 201410381518A CN 104094980 A CN104094980 A CN 104094980A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pesticide and in particular relates to an azadirachtin water aqua for treating Chinese chive root maggot and a preparation method thereof. The azadirachtin water aqua for treating Chinese chive root maggot is prepared from such raw materials in parts by weight as 0.0045-0.005 part of azadirachtin A, 0.008-0.12 part of azadirachtin B, 0.24-0.25 part of neem stock extract F, 0.14-0.16 part of neem leave extract G and 0.48-0.52 part of water. The azadirachtin water aqua is high in pest killing efficiency, capable of improving soil, easily degradable, residue-free, free from drug resistance, good in stability and suitable for direct injection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural chemicals, particularly related to a kind of nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, formal name used at school Bradysia odoriphaga (
bradysia odoriphagayang
etzhang), belong to diptera, Nematocera, eye Sciaridae, Bradysia Sciara, is the distinctive pest species of China, there is no so far relevant report abroad.The long 3.3-4.8 of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot adult male worm body (average 4.3) mm, pitchy; The long 4-5 of female polypide (average 4.6) mm, general features is similar to male worm, but feeler is shorter and thin.Adult does not take food, and happiness humus, has phototaxis, but happiness is movable under dark and damp low light environment.The morning is the most active when 9-11, is also mating peak simultaneously, night inertia.Female worm lays eggs and tends near the sheltered situation of host, and gap, the leaf sheath gap of fecund between soil seam, plant base portion and soil stitch, piles and produce, and minority is loose produces.
The gregarious life of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot larva battalion hidden, be gathered in the underground leek bulb of causing harm, root and false stem, from outer and interior moth food, cause plant leaf from Lao Ye to young leaves flavescence, then withered, larva can continue to cause harm downwards moth food bulb and root, be damaged growing point can not to produce young leaves and whole strain is withered.
The generation of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot is mainly distributed in the each provinces and regions of northern China, and the province such as Sichuan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Jiangsu.It is wider that this worm takes food scope; 7 section's 30 various vegetables such as Liliaceae, composite family, Chenopodiaceae, Cruciferae, Curcurbitaceae, Umbelliferae can cause harm; wherein north protection ground leek is injured the heaviest; investigation garlic district of Zhongmou County of Henan Province finds the Bradysia odoriphaga garlic of can seriously causing harm; general plot worm strain rate 20%～30%, serious plot is up to 100%.
Traditional method of preventing and treating has several as follows at present:
One, agricultural measures
Efficent rotation: determine the suitable crop rotation time according to the fragrant-flowered garlic maggot extent of injury, generally plant after 3～4 years leek can with other crops (except green onion, garlic) crop rotation 1 time, with good conditionsi if to carry out rice field-upland field rotation preventive effect better.Crop rotation diseases prevention is widely used, but cannot reach the requirement of efficent rotation to some special economic crops or particular locality, has larger limitation, is not also suitable for the control of the wider fragrant-flowered garlic maggot of host range simultaneously.
The rational application of fertilizer: leek fertilising should be taking fertilizer as main, chemical fertilizer is as auxiliary, and should nitrogen phosphorus potassium balance fertilising.But organic manure, particularly cake fertilizer, use again after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, otherwise muck fermentation, plant rot to stink and draw fly and lay eggs, grows maggot and causes fragrant-flowered garlic maggot to be caused harm increasing the weight of; Chemical fertilizer should be advisable according to soil productivity nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compounding application, suitably supplementation administration trace element fertilizer, otherwise chemical nitrogen fertilizer is excessive, causes plant excessive growth.
Deinsectization in spring: in the time that early spring, soil started to thaw, Radix Folium Allii tuberosi table soil is around picked out with bamboo let, fragrant-flowered garlic maggot is exposed to beyond land for building, once fragrant-flowered garlic maggot touch after the air of low gently dried, will natural death.But the method can only be killed part fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, can not reach the effect of complete deinsectization.
The deinsectization of pouring water: open country leek, in the time that spring and autumn fragrant-flowered garlic maggot larva occurs, is watered continuously and floods root system 2～3 days; Shed leek is poured water respectively at the beginning of late November and 3 months next year.There is serious field in fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, pours water and will flood the furrow back of the body, can obviously alleviate and cause harm.Cause harm but can only alleviate to a certain extent fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, can not kill fragrant-flowered garlic maggot completely.
Take off soil and shine root: leek is taken topsoil off vegetative period, exposes " fragrant-flowered garlic core " airing 5～7 days.But only can kill part fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, still have fragrant-flowered garlic maggot to continue harm leek, cause the leek underproduction.
Two, physical control
1, adopt sugar-vinegar liquid to trap and kill.In the fragrant-flowered garlic maggot adult emergence period, by fill sugar-vinegar liquid (sugar, vinegar, water are made into by 3:3:14) every mu of leek of basin put 1～3 basin, keep dry, trapping adult.The ovum that the fragrant-flowered garlic maggot larva surviving the winter in soil and the adult that slips through the net give birth to cannot play killing effect.In addition, more time-consuming when control, establishing in large scale must be trapped and killed by Cheng Fang in flakes, guarantee effect.
2, Yellow sticky trap trapping.In leek canopy, within the scope of every 20 square metres, hang a Yellow sticky trap, trapping fragrant-flowered garlic maggot adult.Yellow plate trapping only can be trapped and killed adult, and the Overwintering Larvae of leek root still can continue to cause harm.
3, light trap trapping.According to the phototaxis of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot adult, 25 watts of common fluorescent lamps or special light trap were set at night in canopy adult high-incidence season, 30 centimeters are put a sugar-vinegar liquid basin below lamp, can trap and kill fragrant-flowered garlic maggot adult.But cannot play killing effect for the fragrant-flowered garlic maggot larva surviving the winter and the ovum that the adult that slips through the net gives birth in soil, and the natural enemy of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot is is also trapped and killed simultaneously.
4, establish fly net.50 object fly nets are set, leek production field is isolated.The method only plays and prevents that fragrant-flowered garlic maggot from shifting and cause harm, and prevents fragrant-flowered garlic maggot adult infringement and spreads, and can not play the effect of desinsection for the field that fragrant-flowered garlic maggot occurs.In addition, it is more that fly net covers the application of southern some areas, and application technology comparative maturity on Fast-growing vegetables.But less for preventing and treating the research of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot in leek Production of Large Fields.Application technology in leek grown in field needs further research.
Three, biological control
More to the biological control research of eye Sciaridae insect at present, Sun Ruihong etc. utilize different little bar to belong to entomopathogenic nematode indoor
heterorhabditisindicalN2 strain infects fragrant-flowered garlic maggot larva, and in the time that fragrant-flowered garlic maggot and LN2 nematode ratio are respectively 1:200 and l:400, the lethality of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot larva is respectively 85.4% and 88.27%.Cheng Xuemei etc. utilize bacillus thuringiensis,Bt control fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, and in the time that dosage is 5～6 kg/667m2, control efficiency can reach 75% left and right.Engineered Pseudomonas fluorescens liquid is also the good biological preparation of control fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, before leek button canopy at the beginning of the winter or after leek was taken off canopy and cradled spring, every mu is watered 100 t and evenly sprays for ground, keep the dense 102～106CFU/g of soil bacteria, can control well causing harm of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot.Biopesticide 5% Soviet Union kills prestige, 15% castor oil acid nicotine has good control efficiency to fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, and the lasting period is longer; Acetamiprid is applied leek producing region, has received good effect, holds ovum hatching Sheng phase medication when application, and Bradysia fungus gnat larva was eliminated before boring moth leek, can improve control efficiency more than 10%.But because biocontrol bacterial strain and nematode are subject to the impact of complicated soil variables, the stability of biocontrol fungicide and nematode preventive effect still can not be guaranteed.On the other hand, biopesticide wherein also contains chemical composition, is combination biological and chemical composition, so soil is also existed to certain harm.
Four, chemical control
Contain the phase at adult eclosion, with 1000～1500 times of liquid cauline leaf sprayings of 20% fenvalerate missible oil.Early spring (early and middle ten days in March) and late fall (mid or late September) be at Larvae occurrence time, when blade tip starts the deliquescing of turning to be yellow, and while lodging earthward gradually, the control of medication immediately.500～1000 milliliters of 600 milliliters of every mu of use 48% chlorpyrifos ecs or 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrates, to 100 times, water, remove mister head, aim at the perfusion of leek root along ridge sprinkling, then water, and should not adopt the dispenser method of rushing downstream medicine.Agricultural chemicals is directly poured into the root of leek, really can effectively kill fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, but meanwhile, a lot of organophosphorus pesticide residues are in soil, leek has absorbed these organophosphorus insecticides in growth, and enter into leek inside by root, and be difficult to wash by the organophosphorous pesticide water that root enters leek inside, leek just easily residue of pesticide exceed standard.And fragrant-flowered garlic maggot pesticide resistance is strong, simple chemical control can not effectively be controlled it and causes harm, although use in a large number organophosphorus insecticide to fill with root, is also difficult to obtain desirable control effect, and causes the disastrous effect of person poultry poisoning, environmental pollution.In addition, use low-toxin farm chemicals effect bad, in production, the agricultural chemicals that a lot of vegetable growers can grow by some high poison residual lives, the high-toxic pesticide control fragrant-flowered garlic maggot that many vegetable growers use parathion-methyl, thimet etc. to forbid already, the consumer's poisoning causing because of edible contaminated leek sees space in a newspaper frequently.If people is the edible more agricultural product such as vegetables, melon and fruit of residue of pesticide for a long time, harmful to health, the organophosphorous pesticide of long-term low dose can make people's chronic poisoning, and may produce to human body the harm such as carcinogenic, teratogenesis; Acute poisoning can cause muscle cramp, pupil contraction, expiratory dyspnea, even causes dead.In addition, after pesticide grown, organic phosphor composition is can just not disappear so soon, if organophosphorous pesticide composition penetrates into soil, is polluted so and exists residue of pesticide possible, also has the soil of leek growth.Organophosphorous pesticide is very easily emitted in soil, causes in soil Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues radix large, even sprinkling amount is little when actual plantation, also easily causes crops organophosphorus pesticide to exceed standard.Organophosphorous pesticide residual in while soil, under the effect of slant acidity precipitation, easily enters underground water by acid viscous soil horizon, and then causes secondary pollution.While agricultural chemicals also can poison atmosphere, causes natural pollution, and the various biologies of occurring in nature are lived in impact, cause biophasic change, and responsive minimizing and disappearance of planting, pollutes increasing and reinforcement of planting, and then affect the whole ecosystem.
Therefore, search out that desinsection is efficient, soil melioration, easily degraded, noresidue, be current problem demanding prompt solution without the medicine of the improvement fragrant-flowered garlic maggot of pesticide resistance, good stability.
Print the requirement that chinaberry insecticide can meet current pesticide developing preferably, as good in efficient, low toxicity, noresidue, selectivity etc.Printing active component in chinaberry is the material that nature exists, with natural long-term evolution process in, natural world has formed perfect degradation mechanism already to the various chemical compositions that print in chinaberry, its active component at occurring in nature without accumulation, environmentally safe, be specially adapted to vegetables, fruit and tealeaves etc. is edible crop directly, and crop is not produced to poisoning, can improve crop yield, improve product quality, as outward appearance, color and luster, mouthfeel, nutrient component, storage property, and can strengthen the drought resisting of crop, waterlogging-resistant, freezing tolerance, suppress the growth reproduction of pathogenic microorganism and worm's ovum, improve the resistance of crop, can slow down the pesticide resistance of insect.Print chinaberry insecticide and mainly have and suppress to grow, food refusal, avoid and keep away and the mode of action such as sterile, widely different with the Action mechanism of conventional pesticide, active component complexity, be conducive to overcome pest resistance to insecticide, to non-target organism safety, low to mammalian toxicity, and have obvious selectivity.Nimbin and seal chinaberry insecticide have good Environmental compatibility, and have environmental pollution improvement's function, find that seal chinaberry leaf, bark can adsorb and remove the heavy metal in polluted-water effectively, as removed Cu as studies have reported that
2+, Zn
2+, Cd
2+deng, can improve the microecosystem of soil, promote the formation of soil aggregate, strengthen the gas permeability of soil, improve the preserve moisture and fertility ability of soil.And along with scientific and technological development, nimbin and seal chinaberry insecticide have application more widely in fields such as agricultural chemicals, health medication, daily use chemicals and environmental improvements.
The biologically active of people to nimbin and preparation, field control effect, nimbin extracting method, preparation preparation, mechanism of action, synthetic etc. carried out large quantity research.The environmental safety of nimbin and seal chinaberry insecticide is print the extensive use of chinaberry insecticide basic and crucial.Mensuration to environmental ecology aspect shows, nimbin is all safe to natural enemy insect cocoon honeybee, coccinella septempunctata, spider, ant, honeybee, birds.Nimbin is also very low even nontoxic to the toxicity of fish, can be used as fish antiparasitic medicine, and earthworm is also free from side effects.Experimental results show that and print chinaberry preparation to vertebrate and the almost non-toxic property of the mankind, not pollution of ecological environment.
Print chinaberry preparation to pest natural enemy low toxicity, owing to printing the special mode of action of chinaberry agricultural chemicals, thus harmless to pest natural enemy or some beneficial organisms, or there is minimal effect.Print chinaberry considerably less at insect cylinder accumulation as hormonal effects agent, and be often converted, therefore safer to predatism and parasite.The neem seed extract of low dosage can not injure hymenopteran parasitoid natural enemy insect, can not affect its mating yet and find and newly post, thereby strengthening BIOLOGICAL CONTROL effect.
Due to the fat-soluble of nimbin and the lability in water, the formulation of traditional nimbin is mainly missible oil product, in the process using, easily to environment, has limited the application and development of nimbin biological pesticide.
The nimbin aqueous solvent (number of patent application 201210106837.5) of the nimbin aqueous solvent (patent No. ZL201210067320.X) of existing treatment root-knot nematode and treatment fruit root knot at present.Plant root-knot nematodes and fruit root knot disease belong to plant disease, the definition of plant disease is that plant is under the impact of biology or abiotic component, there is the pathological change on a series of forms, physiology and chemistry, hinder the process of normal growth, growth, thereby affected the phenomenon of human economy benefit.And leek root maggot belongs to insect pest of the plant, the definition of insect pest is insect (insects) and the mite class (mites) of the each Plants of harm, is commonly referred to as insect, and the various plant injuries that caused by them are called insect pest.Hence one can see that, and leek root maggot and root-knot nematode and fruit root knot have obvious difference, nimbin aqua of the present invention aspect controlling object from above two kinds complete different.If the nimbin aqueous solvent of the nimbin aqueous solvent for the treatment of root-knot nematode and treatment fruit root knot is directly used in to treatment leek root maggot, can not reach good control efficiency, effect is also not obvious.In addition, the nimbin of the nimbin aqueous solvent of existing treatment root-knot nematode and treatment fruit root knot is aqueous solvent.Be not suitable for directly spraying as agricultural chemicals.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, and provide that a kind of nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot and preparation method thereof, nimbin aqua of the present invention have that desinsection is efficient, soil melioration, easily degraded, noresidue, without pesticide resistance, good stability, be applicable to the feature of directly spraying.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described parts by weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.0045-0.005 part, and azadirachtin B 0.08-0.12 part, prints chinaberry stem extraction F 0.24-0.25 part, print chinaberry leaf extract G 0.14-0.16 part, water 0.48-0.52 part.
The nimbin aqua of above-mentioned treatment leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described parts by weight by following raw material: 0.0048 part of nimbin A, 0.1 part of azadirachtin B, prints 0.25 part of chinaberry stem extraction F, prints 0.15 part of chinaberry leaf extract G, 0.4952 part, water.
The preparation method of the nimbin aqua of above-mentioned treatment leek root maggot is as follows: get to meet the nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described parts by weight and print chinaberry leaf extract G and join in the water that meets described parts by weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, the seal chinaberry stem 250g that gets chopping, adds 25ml 75% ethanol, stirs, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints as follows the fresh leaf of chinaberry and pulverizes, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, make the present invention there is following features and effect:
Nimbin aqua of the present invention has and is difficult for developing immunity to drugs: nimbin active component of the present invention is many, and mechanism of action complexity, mutually collaborative, is difficult for producing resistance; Control pests insect population radix successful: nimbin of the present invention has good Ecological regulation effect, if long-term large area is used, can effectively control the damage by disease and insect radix in this region, avoids the great outburst of insect; Environmental Safety: to natural enemy close friend, for natural enemy and beneficial organism are constructed harmonious ecology (U.S., Japan are inspection-free organic product for agriculture to nimbin); Improve crop immunity, growth-promoting effect is obvious.Nimbin aqua of the present invention can effectively provide the ability of crop insect protected, promotes crop growth successful, makes plant health growth; Improve soil, the effect of culture fertility: it can improve the microecosystem of soil, promote the formation of soil aggregate, strengthen the gas permeability of soil, improve the preserve moisture and fertility ability of soil; Environmental protection, natural organic: efficient, the free from environmental pollution and soil of this product, easily degraded, noresidue, pollution-free be to produce green, the desirable fertilizer of organic farm products; Its good stability, is easy to store.
The mechanism of action of the present invention: nimbin aqua of the present invention is mainly to make insect antifeedant, avoid and keep away and suppress growing of insect etc. to the mode of action of insect.By destroying directly or indirectly the chemical co-ordination organ of insect mouthpart, the normal behaviour of interference insect, makes normally feeding plant of insect, produces the effects such as food refusal and avoiding keeps away.By the effect to midgut digestive enzymes, cause the nutrition conversion of food not enough, thereby affect the vitality of insect.Process insect larvae through nimbin, cause larval molting prolongation maybe can not cast off a skin and occur permanent larva or become lopsided pupa, adult etc.Nimbin aqua of the present invention is by acting on neuroendocrine system, disturbed the synthetic of corpus allatum hormone, moulting hormone, livetin and discharged, and breaks the life cycle of insect, thereby affect the normal growth growth of insect from the ovum phase to each stage of adult.The mechanism of action of Neem based pesticides comprises: the function that (1) affects chemoreceptor on feeler, digitus, oopod causes deterrent effect; (2) affect apocleisis and the nascent food refusal reaction of other chemical sensor generations on mouthpart; (3) act on digestive system and form secondary food refusal reaction; (4) release of obstacle form generation peptide hormone, affects moulting hormone, juvenile hormone titre, suppresses to grow and fecundity is declined; (5) suppress cell division, damage developmental organ-tissue.
Nimbin aqua of the present invention meets the requirement of environment protective plant protecting, agricultural sustainable development, as good in efficient, low toxicity, noresidue, selectivity etc., industrialization prospect is wide.Seal chinaberry insecticidal preparation prepared by nimbin broad-spectrum action, the noresidue to insect, can slow down the pesticide resistance of insect, is the desirable agricultural chemicals for crops such as vegetables, fruit tree, tealeaves.Nimbin aqua of the present invention has strong food refusal and hinders the effect of growing insect as important botanical pesticide, pest control scope is wide and be difficult for developing immunity to drugs, harmless to higher mammal, to Natural Enemies of Insects safety, and easily degrade at occurring in nature, free from environmental pollution, be conducive to the ecological balance and agriculture sustainable development.Along with the enhancing of environmental protection consciousness and the enforcement of non-environmental pollution control, azadirachtin insecticide presents more wide industrialization prospect.In addition, compared to the nimbin aqua for the treatment of root-knot nematode and the nimbin aqua for the treatment of fruit root knot, preventive effect of the present invention is obviously higher, is more suitable for the control of leek root maggot.
Nimbin aqua of the present invention is the aqueous solution of pesticide original medicine, and medicament is dispersed in water with lewis' acid state, and the concentration of medicament depends on that the water solubility of former medicine, ordinary circumstance are its maxima solubilities, is watered dilution when use again.Aqua, compared with aqueous solvent, does not need the step of dissolving, and adding proper amount of surfactant is sprayable use, and few to the pollution of environment, manufacturing process is simple, good drug efficacy.
embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.Following examples are only several specific embodiment of the present invention, but design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, allly utilize this design to carry out the change of unsubstantiality to the present invention, all should belong to the behavior of invading protection domain of the present invention.
Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Percentage composition in following embodiment if no special instructions, is quality percentage composition.
embodiment 1:
The nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.0048kg, azadirachtin B 0.1kg, prints chinaberry stem extraction F 0.25kg, prints chinaberry leaf extract G 0.15kg, water 0.4952kg.The preparation method of the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot is as follows: get nimbin A, azadirachtin B, the seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described weight and print in the water that chinaberry leaf extract G joins described weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, the seal chinaberry stem 250g that gets chopping, adds 25ml 75% ethanol, stirs, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints as follows the fresh leaf of chinaberry and pulverizes, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
embodiment 2:
The nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.005kg, azadirachtin B 0.12kg, prints chinaberry stem extraction F 0.24 kg, prints chinaberry leaf extract G 0.14 kg, water 0.495 kg.The preparation method of the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot is as follows: get nimbin A, azadirachtin B, the seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described weight and print in the water that chinaberry leaf extract G joins described weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, the seal chinaberry stem 250g that gets chopping, adds 25ml 75% ethanol, stirs, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints as follows the fresh leaf of chinaberry and pulverizes, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
embodiment 3:
The nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.0048g, azadirachtin B 0.12 g, prints chinaberry stem extraction F 0.24 g, prints chinaberry leaf extract G 0.16 g, water 0.4852 g.The preparation method of the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot is as follows: get nimbin A, azadirachtin B, the seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described weight and print in the water that chinaberry leaf extract G joins described weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, the seal chinaberry stem 250g that gets chopping, adds 25ml 75% ethanol, stirs, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints as follows the fresh leaf of chinaberry and pulverizes, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
embodiment 4:
The nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.005g, azadirachtin B 0.12 g, prints chinaberry stem extraction F 0.25g, prints chinaberry leaf extract G 0.14g, water 0.4852g.The preparation method of the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot is as follows: get to meet nimbin A, azadirachtin B, the seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described parts by weight and print chinaberry leaf extract G and join in the water that meets described parts by weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, the seal chinaberry stem 250g that gets chopping, adds 25ml 75% ethanol, stirs, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints as follows the fresh leaf of chinaberry and pulverizes, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
embodiment 5:
The nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.045g, azadirachtin B 0.1 g, prints chinaberry stem extraction F 0.25 g, prints chinaberry leaf extract G 0.14 g, water 0.515 g.The preparation method of the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot is as follows: get nimbin A, azadirachtin B, the seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described weight and print in the water that chinaberry leaf extract G joins described weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, the seal chinaberry stem 250g that gets chopping, adds 25ml 75% ethanol, stirs, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints as follows the fresh leaf of chinaberry and pulverizes, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
embodiment 6:
The nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.0047kg, azadirachtin B 0.11kg, prints chinaberry stem extraction F 0.24kg, prints chinaberry leaf extract G 0.155kg, water 0.48kg.The preparation method of the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot is as follows: get nimbin A, azadirachtin B, the seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described weight and print in the water that chinaberry leaf extract G joins described weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, the seal chinaberry stem 250g that gets chopping, adds 25ml 75% ethanol, stirs, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints as follows the fresh leaf of chinaberry and pulverizes, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
embodiment 7:
The nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is to be prepared from by described weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.0046kg, azadirachtin B 0.08kg, prints chinaberry stem extraction F 0.24kg, prints chinaberry leaf extract G 0.15kg, water 0.52kg.The preparation method of the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot is as follows: get nimbin A, azadirachtin B, the seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described weight and print in the water that chinaberry leaf extract G joins described weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, the seal chinaberry stem 250g that gets chopping, adds 25ml 75% ethanol, stirs, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
The preparation method of above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints as follows the fresh leaf of chinaberry and pulverizes, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 3 times, 1h for the first time, 40min for the second time, for the third time 20min, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
the test data of nimbin aqua treatment leek root maggot of the present invention is as follows:
1.1 for examination material
The nimbin aqua (making by the method in embodiment of the present invention 1-7) for the treatment of leek root maggot, the nimbin aqueous solvent for the treatment of root-knot nematode, the nimbin aqueous solvent for the treatment of fruit root knot.
Test plant: leek
1.2 methods and step
Test is carried out in vegetables proving ground, sub-town, big city, Ningcheng County, Chifeng, and the incidence of disease of this plot Radix Folium Allii tuberosi maggot is 95%, and preceding crop is leek.10 processing are established in test, repeat for 3 times.Process 1-7 and treat leek root maggot nimbin aqua for applying embodiment of the present invention 1-7, process 8 for applying the nimbin aqueous solvent for the treatment of root-knot nematode, process 9 and apply the nimbin aqueous solvent for the treatment of fruit root knot, contrast (CK) pours into clear water.Leek line-spacing 20 cm, cave is apart from 15 cm, 15 strains of every cave.Adopt randomized complete-block design, each processing set up 3 communities separately.Cultivation management is identical with general production.
The nimbin aqua making with embodiment of the present invention 1-7 respectively after planting one week time and formerly every mu of 1kg of nimbin aqueous solvent of patent, 1:80 times of dilution proportion for the nimbin aqua that embodiment of the present invention 1-7 makes, formerly the nimbin aqueous solvent by specification dilution proportion of patent is filled with root to leek, contrast clear water.Once in a week, fill with root three times, control about 20 days.After 5 days, get near the 5-10cm of main root, soil depth 5-15cm carries out microscopy, measures the situation of change of soil Mineral Elements, calculates control efficiency simultaneously.Plant 20 days time, extract leek and check, observe the upgrowth situation of acrial part simultaneously, statistics crop yield.Gather the fresh sample of maturing stage leek, analyze soluble sugar, chlorophyll content.
2 results and analysis
The effect of the nimbin aqua control leek root maggot of the present invention for the treatment of leek root maggot is better.Plant 20 days time, the larva relative control effect of the nimbin aqua of administering therapeutic leek root maggot is 94-98%, the larva relative control effect of the nimbin aqua that wherein embodiment 1 makes is 98%, the larva relative control effect of the nimbin aqueous solvent of administering therapeutic root-knot nematode is 30%, the larva relative control effect of the nimbin aqueous solvent of administering therapeutic fruit root knot is 30%, do not use nimbin, the incidence of disease of leek root maggot is 95%.
Nimbin aqua also produces certain influence to harmful microorganism in soil, the increase of bacterium, fungi is the performance of the enhancing of caused by soil characteristic of disease and soil degradation, use after nimbin aqua, soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes all change, along with the increase of nimbin aqua application times, suppressed the growth of fungi, bacterium and Population of Actinomycetes, its quantity is all lower than contrast.Nimbin aqua can improve soil microenvironment.
Test shows: use the nimbin aqua that the present invention treats leek root maggot and can effectively prevent and treat leek root maggot, during plant strain growth, use the above-ground plant parts well-grown of nimbin aqua, leaf color is deepened simultaneously, and chlorophyll content increase is comparatively obvious.Nimbin aqua has good improving effect to soil itself, can improve soil physico-chemical property, strengthen the content of organic matter of soil, improve soil microenvironment, promote the formation of soil aggregate, strengthen the gas permeability of soil, improve the ability of soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping, promote leek plant strain growth, significantly improve leek yield and quality.
Stability result: under 0-30 DEG C of storage requirement, avoid direct sunlight, nimbin aqua of the present invention can be preserved 24 months.
Claims (5)
1. the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot, it is characterized in that it is to be prepared from by described parts by weight by following raw material: nimbin A 0.0045-0.005 part, azadirachtin B 0.08-0.12 part, print chinaberry stem extraction F 0.24-0.25 part, print chinaberry leaf extract G 0.14-0.16 part, water 0.48-0.52 part.
2. the nimbin aqua for the treatment of leek root maggot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is to be prepared from by described parts by weight by following raw material: 0.0048 part of nimbin A, 0.1 part of azadirachtin B, print 0.25 part of chinaberry stem extraction F, print 0.15 part of chinaberry leaf extract G, 0.4952 part, water.
3. the preparation method of the nimbin aqua of the treatment leek root maggot described in a claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that getting meeting the nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F of described parts by weight and printing chinaberry leaf extract G and join in the water that meets described parts by weight and stir, make nimbin A, azadirachtin B, seal chinaberry stem extraction F and print chinaberry leaf extract G to be dissolved in water, make nimbin aqua.
4. treat according to claim 3 the preparation method of the nimbin aqua of leek root maggot, it is characterized in that the preparation method of described seal chinaberry stem extraction F is as follows: print the chopping of chinaberry stem, get the seal chinaberry stem 250g of chopping, add 25ml 75% ethanol, stir, extract 1h for the first time 3 times, 40min for the second time, 20min for the third time, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry stem extraction F.
5. treat according to claim 3 the preparation method of the nimbin aqua of leek root maggot, it is characterized in that the preparation method of described above-mentioned seal chinaberry leaf extract G prints the fresh leaf pulverizing of chinaberry as follows, take 250g and print chinaberry leaf, add 50ml 80% ethanol, stir, extract 1h for the first time 3 times, 40min for the second time, 20min for the third time, then centrifugation, concentrated cooled and filtered, filtrate shunting 2 times, both must print chinaberry leaf extract G.
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| CN105660313A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 长江大学 | Method for preventing Chinese chive maggots through two-time root irrigation |
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| CN105660313A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-15 | 长江大学 | Method for preventing Chinese chive maggots through two-time root irrigation |
| CN108283190A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-07-17 | 梁怡芃 | It is a kind of to prepare prevention bradysia odoriphaga pesticide liquid and preparation method thereof, application |
| CN108283190B (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2020-09-18 | 山东特施能生物科技有限公司 | Pesticide liquid for preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots and preparation method and application thereof |
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