CN104092436A - Photovoltaic curtain wall power supply system and method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic curtain wall power supply system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104092436A CN104092436A CN201410357042.0A CN201410357042A CN104092436A CN 104092436 A CN104092436 A CN 104092436A CN 201410357042 A CN201410357042 A CN 201410357042A CN 104092436 A CN104092436 A CN 104092436A
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Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic curtain wall power supply system and method. The system comprises combiner boxes, a maximum power tracing control module (MPPT), a power supply controller, a DC-DC converter, an AC-DC converter, a DC-AC converter and a low-voltage direct current load, wherein the combiner boxes, the maximum power tracing control module (MPPT), the power supply controller, the DC-DC converter, the AC-DC converter, the DC-AC converter and the low-voltage direct current load are connected through electric signals. The two combiner boxes are installed on a photovoltaic curtain wall, the first combiner box is used for collecting electric energy supplied to a low-voltage direct current device, and the second combiner box is used for collecting electric energy used for photovoltaic grid connection. According to the method, the output power Po of photovoltaic electric energy processed through the MPPT at a certain moment is sent to the control module and the power Pn of the low-voltage direct current device is detected at the same time, and the power Pn at the same moment serves as the demand power of the low-voltage direct current device and is sent to the control module; the output power Po and the power Pn are compared, a supply and demand power difference value deltaP is acquired, and the deltaP is used for energy conversion between the photovoltaic curtain wall and an alternating current power grid. By means of the photovoltaic curtain wall power supply system and method, the electric energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic curtain wall is increased, and application prospects are achieved.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of system and method thereof of electric and electronic technical field, a kind of specifically photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system and method thereof.
Technical background
Distributed photovoltaic power generation technology, the advantage of and environmental protection energy-conservation with it, has inundant growth momentum.Along with being incorporated into the distributed grid-connected power generation mode development of building, the focus that the photovoltaic electric energy power supply of city photovoltaic curtain wall has become people to pay close attention to gradually.
Distributed photovoltaic power generation system has two kinds of grid-connected forms: the first accesses power distribution network by low-voltage circuit; It two is to boost and be linked into high-voltage fence through transformer.The former is roof, rural area photo-voltaic power supply or city photovoltaic building power supply on a small scale, and latter is the selection of a lot of photovoltaic plants.But, prior art existing problems are needed solution badly: they all will change and be linked in AC network through DC-AC, and much DC electronic equipment will be from AC network again power taking carry out AC-DC and be transformed to required DC power supply and use, have a large amount of electric energy losses therebetween, the utilance that how to improve photovoltaic electric energy is emphasis wherein.
Chinese patent literature CN 101702529 B disclose a kind of method of supplying power to of photovoltaic movable emergency power supply system, and it is mainly used in vehicle power lamp small-sized DC mobile device, do not have the low-voltage equipment for a large amount of electricity consumptions of photovoltaic curtain wall.
In photovoltaic electric energy application at present, all to use maximal power tracing module, most disturbance observation methods that adopt, but it can make a part of power loss trace into maximum power point after adjustment is stable near, also can be with the variation of environment, variation with light intensity, produce vibration Partial Power loss is in course of adjustment, can not realize power tracking completely.
In summary, solar energy, as a kind of clean energy resource, has wide application space, and photovoltaic curtain wall is as existence more and more general in city, and its electric power system also needs further improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the defect existing in above-mentioned technology, a kind of photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system and method thereof are provided.This invention, taking photovoltaic curtain wall as core, has realized photovoltaic electric energy and has preferentially powered to low-voltage direct equipment by DC-DC: in the time that photovoltaic electric energy is excessive, excessive part has been carried out to inversion grid connection; In the time that photovoltaic electric energy is not enough, pass through AC-DC power output from electrical network to low-voltage direct equipment.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:
Photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system provided by the invention, it comprises that the header box connected with the signal of telecommunication, maximal power tracing control module, power-supply controller, DC-DC converter, AC-DC converter, DC-AC converter and low-voltage direct load are some, described header box has two, be arranged on photovoltaic curtain wall, wherein the first header box collects for the electric energy to the power supply of low-voltage direct equipment, and the second header box collects for grid-connected electric energy; When initial condition, this photovoltaic curtain wall, under the irradiation of sunlight, produces photovoltaic electric energy, flows into the second header box, carries out grid-connected processing.
Described maximal power tracing module is MPPT maximum power point tracking controller for solar MPPT, and its method that adopts constant voltage control method, disturbance observation method and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step-length to combine is carried out MPPT control.
Described MPPT is made up of the single-chip microcomputer of two mutual real-time communications, and wherein the first single-chip microcomputer is for maximal power tracing, and second singlechip is as control core; The maximum power of current photovoltaic curtain wall output is sent to second singlechip by the first single-chip microcomputer, the voltage and current of the low-voltage direct of D/A sampling simultaneously load, calculate total power and send to second singlechip, second singlechip sends corresponding control signal according to sampled power again, by after power amplification, controllable silicon is controlled, thus the distribution situation of change low-voltage direct unit and photovoltaic curtain wall unit.
The first described header box inside is provided with the closed loop Hall current sensor of HIA-C01 model.
The second described header box inside is provided with the closed loop Hall current sensor of HIA-C01 model.
The method of supplying power to of photovoltaic curtain wall provided by the invention, it utilizes above-mentioned photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system to realize, the method is: the power output Po of the photovoltaic electric energy by certain moment after maximal power tracing resume module sends into control module, meanwhile detect the power of low-voltage direct equipment, by the power P of synchronization DC equipment
nsend into control module as low-voltage direct device requirement power; To P
o, P
nvalue compares, and obtains middle less value P
minand supply and demand power difference △ P; Controller is by P
minthe unit photovoltaic electric energy of power imports the first header box, after DC-DC conversion, DC equipment is powered; △ P power is used for carrying out to the energy exchange of photovoltaic curtain wall and AC network, if △ is P<0, being that electric energy is one by one by power by static switch when supply falls short of demand | △ P| unit is switched to Alternating Current Power Supply pattern, and in the time of △ P>0 by static switch by power be one by one | the photovoltaic curtain wall unit of △ P| switches and carries out inversion grid connection, until intelligent power supply controller does the judgement making new advances.
The method of described photovoltaic curtain wall power supply, comprises the following steps:
The first step, photovoltaic curtain wall is divided into several unit;
Second step, photovoltaic curtain wall is accepted luminous energy, changes electric energy into, and electric current enters described another header box;
The 3rd step, the method that the photovoltaic electric energy in a certain moment adopts constant voltage control method, disturbance observation method and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step-length to combine through MPPT, power output Po;
The 4th step, sends power output Po into power-supply controller, meanwhile detects the power of low-voltage direct equipment, by the power P of synchronization DC equipment
nsend into power-supply controller as low-voltage direct device requirement power;
The 5th step, in power-supply controller, the maximum power of current photovoltaic curtain wall output is sent to second singlechip by the first single-chip microcomputer, the voltage and current of the low-voltage direct of D/A sampling simultaneously load, calculate total power and send to second singlechip, second singlechip, again according to sampled power, utilizes PWM software, adopts PI algorithm, data are processed, adjust PWM, send corresponding control signal, by after power amplification, controllable silicon is controlled.
The 6th step, to P
o, P
nvalue compares, and obtains middle less value P
minand supply and demand power difference △ P.Controller is by P
minthe unit photovoltaic electric energy of power imports header box A, after DC-DC conversion, DC equipment is powered; △ P power is used for carrying out to the energy exchange of photovoltaic curtain wall and AC network.
Supply power mode provided by the invention is by several below:
The first, photovoltaic curtain wall power output equals low-voltage direct device requirement, and the strategy of taking is that the power output of photovoltaic curtain wall is all used for powering to low-voltage direct equipment through DCDC Switching Power Supply;
The second, photovoltaic curtain wall power output is less than the demand of low-voltage direct equipment, and the strategy of taking is that the power output of photovoltaic curtain wall is all used for to low-voltage direct equipment power supply through DCDC Switching Power Supply, and meanwhile, electric main provides electric energy for surplus equipment;
The third, photovoltaic curtain wall power output is greater than the demand of low-voltage direct equipment, and the strategy of taking is that the electric energy part that photovoltaic curtain wall is produced is used for to the power supply of low-voltage direct equipment, and unnecessary part is connected to the grid by inversion.
The present invention compared with prior art has following main beneficial effect:
1. this patent is applicable to the skyscraper with photovoltaic curtain wall, and uses header box to make photovoltaic electric energy provide more high-power.
2. according to Hao He " distributed electric power system design of photovoltaic and development ", in maximal power tracing module, selecting is MPPT maximum power point tracking controller for solar (MPPT), the method that adopts constant voltage control method, disturbance observation method and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step-length to combine is carried out MPPT control, improve traditional disturbance observation method and can only near maximum power point, shake operation, cause certain power loss problem, increased the directivity judgement of algorithm.
3. in control module, by two Single-chip Controlling, and adopt Single-chip Controlling in photovoltaic inversion grid connection, reduce the loss of photovoltaic electric energy.
4. compared to traditional photovoltaic curtain wall, realized photovoltaic electric energy and preferentially powered to low-voltage direct equipment by DC-DC: in the time that photovoltaic electric energy is excessive, excessive part has been carried out to inversion grid connection; In the time that photovoltaic electric energy is not enough, by AC-DC power output, reduce the energy loss of element in DC-AC conversion from electrical network to low-voltage direct equipment, greatly improve the utilance of photovoltaic electric energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general frame of photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system.
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of the control module of photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system.
Fig. 3 is the grid-connected power unit hardware block diagram of photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system.
Fig. 4 is the hardware elementary diagram of DC-DC transducer.
Fig. 5 is the hardware elementary diagram of AC-DC transducer.
Fig. 6 is the hardware elementary diagram of DC-AC transducer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with brief description of the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1. photovoltaic curtain wall electric power systems
The photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system that the present embodiment provides, as shown in Figure 1, comprising: some with the connected header box A of the signal of telecommunication, header box B, maximal power tracing control module (being MPPT), power-supply controller, DC-DC converter, AC-DC converter, DC-AC converter and low-voltage direct load.
Described header box A, header box B are arranged on certain building photovoltaic curtain wall, for photovoltaic curtain wall power supply provides more high-power, wherein: header box A collects for the electric energy to the power supply of low-voltage direct equipment, and this header box A inside is provided with the closed loop Hall current sensor of HIA-C01 model.Header box B collects for grid-connected electric energy, and this header box B inside is provided with the closed loop Hall current sensor of HIA-C01 model.When initial condition, this photovoltaic curtain wall, under the irradiation of sunlight, produces photovoltaic electric energy, flows into header box B, carries out grid-connected processing.
Described photovoltaic curtain wall is made up of several unit.The minimum unit that luminous energy is converted to electric energy is a unit, and these junior units need serial or parallel connection to form larger energy.
Described maximal power tracing module is MPPT maximum power point tracking controller for solar (MPPT), and its method that adopts constant voltage control method, disturbance observation method and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step-length to combine is carried out MPPT control.The structure of this controller is as shown in Figure 2: by the single-chip microcomputer of two mutual real-time communications, wherein first (single-chip microcomputer I) for maximal power tracing (MPPT), second (single-chip microcomputer II) is as control core.The maximum power of current photovoltaic curtain wall output is sent to single-chip microcomputer II by single-chip microcomputer I, the voltage and current of the low-voltage direct of D/A sampling simultaneously load, calculate total power and send to single-chip microcomputer II, single-chip microcomputer II is sent corresponding control signal according to sampled power again, by after power amplification, controllable silicon is controlled, thus the distribution situation of change low-voltage direct unit and photovoltaic curtain wall unit.
The method that described constant voltage control method, disturbance observation method and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step-length combine is: according to the thought of constant voltage control method, according to the requirement of parallel network reverse DC voltage, configuration photovoltaic electric is pressed near peak power output point voltage, improve traditional disturbance observation method and can only near maximum power point, shake operation, cause certain power loss problem, increased the directivity judgement of algorithm.
Described power-supply controller, single-chip microcomputer by two mutual real-time communications forms, wherein: the output port of single-chip microcomputer I connects the I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer II, simultaneously, through D/A, sampling is connected to single-chip microcomputer II to the voltage and current of low-voltage direct load, and the output port of single-chip microcomputer II is connected to power amplification element.
Described DC-DC converter, can, by buying on market, mainly be made up of diode, triode, inductance coil and capacitor, and its circuit diagram as shown in Figure 4.
Described AC-DC converter, can be by buying on market, mainly by control chip, and inductance coil, capacitor composition, wherein: control chip is selected AD736 chip, peripheral hardware circuit is as shown in Figure 5.
Described DC-AC converter, can be by buying on market, mainly by diode, and triode, inductance coil, capacitor composition, its circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 6.
All low-voltage direct loads are powered by civil power.As shown in Figure 1.Method of supplying power to is as follows: the power output Po of the photovoltaic electric energy by certain moment after maximal power tracing resume module sends into control module, meanwhile detects the power of low-voltage direct equipment, by the power P of synchronization DC equipment
nsend into control module as low-voltage direct device requirement power.To P
o, P
nvalue compares, and obtains middle less value P
minand supply and demand power difference △ P.Controller is by P
minthe unit photovoltaic electric energy of power imports header box A, after DC-DC conversion, DC equipment is powered; If by △ P power for carrying out energy exchange---the △ P<0 of photovoltaic curtain wall and AC network, electric energy when supply falls short of demand by static switch by power is one by one | △ P| unit is switched to Alternating Current Power Supply pattern while working as △ P>0 by static switch by power is one by one | inversion grid connection is carried out in photovoltaic curtain wall unit's switching of △ P|---until intelligent power supply controller does the judgement making new advances.
The photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system that the present embodiment provides, its course of work is:
When initial condition, certain building photovoltaic curtain wall, under the irradiation of sunlight, produces photovoltaic electric energy, flows into header box B, carries out grid-connected processing, and all low-voltage direct equipment is powered by civil power.
The method that the photovoltaic electric energy in a certain moment adopts constant voltage control method, disturbance observation method and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step-length to combine through MPPT, power output Po.
Power output Po is sent into power-supply controller, meanwhile detect the power of low-voltage direct equipment, by the power P of synchronization DC equipment
nsend into power-supply controller as low-voltage direct device requirement power.
In power-supply controller, as shown in Figure 2.The maximum power of current photovoltaic curtain wall output is sent to single-chip microcomputer II by single-chip microcomputer I, the voltage and current of the low-voltage direct of D/A sampling simultaneously load, calculate total power and send to single-chip microcomputer II, single-chip microcomputer II, again according to sampled power, is utilized PWM software, adopts PI algorithm, data are processed, adjust PWM, send corresponding control signal, by after power amplification, controllable silicon is controlled.
To P
o, P
nvalue compares, and obtains middle less value P
minand supply and demand power difference △ P.Controller is by P
minthe unit photovoltaic electric energy of power imports header box A, after DC-DC conversion, DC equipment is powered; △ P power is used for carrying out to the energy exchange of photovoltaic curtain wall and AC network.
If △ is P=0, photovoltaic curtain wall power output equals low-voltage direct device requirement, and the strategy of taking is that the power output of photovoltaic curtain wall is all used for powering to low-voltage direct equipment through DC-DC Switching Power Supply.
If △ is P<0, photovoltaic curtain wall power output is less than the demand of low-voltage direct equipment, the strategy of taking is that the power output of photovoltaic curtain wall is all used for to low-voltage direct equipment power supply through DC-DC Switching Power Supply, and meanwhile, electric main provides electric energy for surplus equipment.
If △ is P>0, photovoltaic curtain wall power output is greater than the demand of low-voltage direct equipment, and the strategy of taking is that the electric energy part that photovoltaic curtain wall is produced is used for to the power supply of low-voltage direct equipment, and unnecessary part is connected to the grid by inversion.
This state is maintained to intelligent power supply controller and does the judgement making new advances.
When unnecessary part inversion is connected to the grid when middle, grid-connected power unit adopts MSP430 single-chip microcomputer, in software, carry out sinusoidal pulse width modulation, produce high frequency triangle wave according to pulse length modulation principle software counting, compare with changing sinusoidal wave data slowly, in the time that count value is greater than sinusoidal wave numerical value, output high level, in the time that count value is less than sinusoidal wave numerical value, output low level.Output pulse width has reflected that sinusoidal wave amplitude changes like this, this signal carries out full-bridge inverting by peripheral gates suspension driver IR2110 driven MOS pipe, realize power amplification, there is low pass filter filtering power sine wave, completed DC-AC inversion, grid-connected power supply hardware block diagram as shown in Figure 3.
So just having realized photovoltaic electric energy preferentially powers to low-voltage direct equipment by DC-DC: in the time that photovoltaic electric energy is excessive, excessive part is carried out to inversion grid connection; In the time that photovoltaic electric energy is not enough, by AC-DC power output, reduce the energy loss of element in DC-AC conversion from electrical network to low-voltage direct equipment, greatly improve the utilance of photovoltaic electric energy.
The method of supplying power to of embodiment 2. photovoltaic curtain walls
The method of supplying power to that the present embodiment provides, specifically:
Above-mentioned method of supplying power to comprises the following steps:
The first step, photovoltaic curtain wall is divided into several unit;
Second step, photovoltaic curtain wall is accepted luminous energy, changes electric energy into, and electric current enters header box B;
Described supply power mode is:
The first, photovoltaic curtain wall power output equals low-voltage direct device requirement, and the strategy of taking is that the power output of photovoltaic curtain wall is all used for powering to low-voltage direct equipment through DCDC Switching Power Supply.
The second, photovoltaic curtain wall power output is less than the demand of low-voltage direct equipment, and the strategy of taking is that the power output of photovoltaic curtain wall is all used for to low-voltage direct equipment power supply through DCDC Switching Power Supply, and meanwhile, electric main provides electric energy for surplus equipment.
The third, photovoltaic curtain wall power output is greater than the demand of low-voltage direct equipment, and the strategy of taking is that the electric energy part that photovoltaic curtain wall is produced is used for to the power supply of low-voltage direct equipment, and unnecessary part is connected to the grid by inversion.
The present invention, except above-mentioned execution mode, can also have other structural distortion, and these equivalent technical solutions also should be within its technical protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system, it is characterized in that comprising that the header box connected with the signal of telecommunication, maximal power tracing control module, power-supply controller, DC-DC converter, AC-DC converter, DC-AC converter and low-voltage direct load are some, described header box has two, be arranged on photovoltaic curtain wall, wherein the first header box collects for the electric energy to the power supply of low-voltage direct equipment, and the second header box collects for grid-connected electric energy; When initial condition, this photovoltaic curtain wall, under the irradiation of sunlight, produces photovoltaic electric energy, flows into the second header box, carries out grid-connected processing.
2. photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described maximal power tracing module is MPPT maximum power point tracking controller for solar MPPT, its method that adopts constant voltage control method, disturbance observation method and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step-length to combine is carried out MPPT control.
3. photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system according to claim 2, is characterized in that described MPPT is made up of the single-chip microcomputer of two mutual real-time communications, and wherein the first single-chip microcomputer is for maximal power tracing, and second singlechip is as control core; The maximum power of current photovoltaic curtain wall output is sent to second singlechip by the first single-chip microcomputer, the voltage and current of the low-voltage direct of D/A sampling simultaneously load, calculate total power and send to second singlechip, second singlechip sends corresponding control signal according to sampled power again, by after power amplification, controllable silicon is controlled, thus the distribution situation of change low-voltage direct unit and photovoltaic curtain wall unit.
4. photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system according to claim 1, is characterized in that the first header box inside is provided with the closed loop Hall current sensor of HIA-C01 model.
5. photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system according to claim 1, is characterized in that the second header box inside is provided with the closed loop Hall current sensor of HIA-C01 model.
6. the method for supplying power to of a photovoltaic curtain wall, it is characterized in that utilizing in claim 1 to 5 that arbitrary described photovoltaic curtain wall electric power system realizes, the method is: the power output Po of the photovoltaic electric energy by certain moment after maximal power tracing resume module sends into control module, meanwhile detect the power of low-voltage direct equipment, by the power P of synchronization DC equipment
nsend into control module as low-voltage direct device requirement power; To P
o, P
nvalue compares, and obtains middle less value P
minand supply and demand power difference △ P; Controller is by P
minthe unit photovoltaic electric energy of power imports the first header box, after DC-DC conversion, DC equipment is powered; △ P power is used for carrying out to the energy exchange of photovoltaic curtain wall and AC network, if △ is P<0, being that electric energy is one by one by power by static switch when supply falls short of demand | △ P| unit is switched to Alternating Current Power Supply pattern, and in the time of △ P>0 by static switch by power be one by one | the photovoltaic curtain wall unit of △ P| switches and carries out inversion grid connection, until intelligent power supply controller does the judgement making new advances.
7. the method for supplying power to of photovoltaic curtain wall according to claim 6, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
The first step, photovoltaic curtain wall is divided into several unit;
Second step, photovoltaic curtain wall is accepted luminous energy, changes electric energy into, and electric current enters described another header box;
The 3rd step, the method that the photovoltaic electric energy in a certain moment adopts constant voltage control method, disturbance observation method and the incremental conductance method based on gradient variable step-length to combine through MPPT, power output Po;
The 4th step, sends power output Po into power-supply controller, meanwhile detects the power of low-voltage direct equipment, by the power P of synchronization DC equipment
nsend into power-supply controller as low-voltage direct device requirement power;
The 5th step, in power-supply controller, the maximum power of current photovoltaic curtain wall output is sent to second singlechip by the first single-chip microcomputer, the voltage and current of the low-voltage direct of D/A sampling simultaneously load, calculate total power and send to second singlechip, second singlechip, again according to sampled power, utilizes PWM software, adopts PI algorithm, data are processed, adjust PWM, send corresponding control signal, by after power amplification, controllable silicon is controlled;
The 6th step, to P
o, P
nvalue compares, and obtains middle less value P
minand supply and demand power difference △ P.Controller is by P
minthe unit photovoltaic electric energy of power imports header box A, after DC-DC conversion, DC equipment is powered; △ P power is used for carrying out to the energy exchange of photovoltaic curtain wall and AC network.
8. the method for supplying power to of photovoltaic curtain wall according to claim 6, is characterized in that adopting following supply power mode:
The first, photovoltaic curtain wall power output equals low-voltage direct device requirement, and the strategy of taking is that the power output of photovoltaic curtain wall is all used for powering to low-voltage direct equipment through DCDC Switching Power Supply;
The second, photovoltaic curtain wall power output is less than the demand of low-voltage direct equipment, and the strategy of taking is that the power output of photovoltaic curtain wall is all used for to low-voltage direct equipment power supply through DCDC Switching Power Supply, and meanwhile, electric main provides electric energy for surplus equipment;
The third, photovoltaic curtain wall power output is greater than the demand of low-voltage direct equipment, and the strategy of taking is that the electric energy part that photovoltaic curtain wall is produced is used for to the power supply of low-voltage direct equipment, and unnecessary part is connected to the grid by inversion.
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| CN107591845A (en) * | 2017-09-24 | 2018-01-16 | 王钊 | A kind of power regulating method based on big data analysis |
| CN109245157A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Straight drive apparatus power supply fling-cut equipment, method and electricity generation system |
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