CN104087329B - Linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system - Google Patents
Linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, comprise raw material drying unit, pyrogenation and carbonization unit, accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit, condensation separation unit and tailings cooling unit, it is characterized in that: pyrogenation and carbonization unit adopts linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device is made up of heating container and the many groups of three backhaul screw machines be located in heating container, three backhaul screw machines are by being connected to end and from top to bottom vertically arranged preheating spiral machine, pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine composition, between preheating spiral machine and pyrolysis screw machine, hot blast diaphragm is respectively equipped with between pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine, what in heating container, formation three head and the tail communicated is upper, in, lower hot air heat exchange passage, heating container housing lower surface and upper surface are respectively equipped with blast inlet and air outlet, heating meson high-temperature hot-air is provided by accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit.It is reliable, gas, solid, liquid three kinds of product separation are stable, thoroughly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material destructive distillation comprehensive utilization technique, particularly a kind of linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system.
Background technology
Along with global energy markets constantly increases, the particularly huge increasing of the market requirement of petroleum products, exploitation oil substitutes new energy source technology product has become the major subjects of countries in the world development research.Current home and abroad oil-sand extraction technique mainly contains thermokalite water law, solvent extration, pyrogenation and carbonization method.First two Process is because lacking for suitability for industrialized production by technology itself uses limitation.World Developed Countries all has development research in various degree to oil-sand retorting technique, and the U.S., Canada, Brazil, Germany, Japan and other countries all have respective representational Technology, and majority is in the commerical test initial stage, and industrial scale application is also immature.
Domestic existing oil-sand extraction process technology has following several form: Fushun type retort technical matters, gas combustion retort technical matters, large work new distillation process technical matters, the rich raw retorting technique technique in Shanghai, Jilin recycle to extinction retorting technique technique and the outer hot retorting technique technique of revolution.Above-mentioned retorting technique technique oil shale distillation sector application more ripe be Fushun type retort technical matters.Other processing method is less in the application of oil shale distillation separation industries, is all in the type approval test stage in the application of oil-sand destructive distillation separation industries.And existing oil-sand destructive distillation isolation technique process application Problems existing is as follows: stove internal oxidition combustion processes is difficult to control, raw material oil gas Separation and Recovery rate is lower, complex technical process, energy consumption are high, pollution is heavy and the defect that equipment separate unit production capacity is low 1, to adopt direct combustion heat exchange distillation process to exist; 2, outer hot rotary kiln retorting technique technique is adopted, material roll in kiln move ahead, heat smoke at kiln urceolus around moving ahead, hot meson flue gas and heating object material are contactless heat exchange, limit by heat exchanger tube wall area, make material-heat-exchanging efficiency in cylinder lower, to be heated inequality, often to occur material wall sticking phenomenon; Material thermal decomposition rate is comparatively slow, and single device production capacity is lower; Heating meson is heat smoke, when kiln drum outer wall runs, can pollute fouling to outer wall, increases thermal resistance, reduces heat transfer efficiency; Simultaneously flue gas to condense because of cold material formation acidizing corrosion at material inlet side outer wall.To sum up, existing oil-sand destructive distillation isolation technique technique is still in the industrial test stage of growth, can not meet modern industrialization production requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for oil-sand destructive distillation comprehensive utilization of separation provides a kind of linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, it is reliable, gas, solid, liquid three kinds of product separation are stable, thoroughly.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, comprise raw material drying unit, pyrogenation and carbonization unit, accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit, condensation separation unit and tailings cooling unit, it is characterized in that: described pyrogenation and carbonization unit adopts linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, the three backhaul screw machines that described linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device is parallel to each other by heating container and many groups of being located in heating container form, often organize three backhaul screw machines by being connected to end and from top to bottom vertically arranged preheating spiral machine, pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine composition, described preheating spiral machine body one end is provided with the opening for feed stretching out heating container housing upper surface, described destructive distillation screw machine body is provided with away from one end of opening for feed the discharge port stretching out heating container housing lower surface, hot blast diaphragm I is provided with between described preheating spiral machine and pyrolysis screw machine, hot blast diaphragm II is provided with between described pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine, described hot blast diaphragm I, II in heating container, form that three head and the tail communicate upper, in, lower hot air heat exchange passage, described heating container housing lower surface and upper surface are respectively equipped with the blast inlet and air outlet that communicate with hot blast flow-guiding channel, many gas collection vertical tubes are axially arranged with along it between two group of three adjacent backhaul screw machine, the preheating spiral machine that described gas collection vertical tube is corresponding with it, arm is utilized to be communicated with respectively between pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine shell, the gas collection transverse tube leading to accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit or condensation separation unit is connected with after heating container housing is stretched out at each gas collection vertical tube top.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, described accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit comprises hotblast stove, hot air circulation blower, firing system drum, induced draft fan and four-way change-over valve, rotational flow pipe type heat-exchanger rig is provided with in combustion chamber, described rotational flow pipe type heat-exchanger rig is by parallel, the heat-exchanging tube bundle be staggered in arrangement, be located at the connecting leg end plate composition at heat-exchanging tube bundle two ends, described heat-exchanging tube bundle by the connecting leg end plate at two ends respectively with hotblast stove low temperature hot blast entrance pipe, high-temperature hot-air export pipeline is closed and is connected and be communicated with, described high-temperature hot-air export pipeline is connected with the blast inlet of linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, described low temperature hot blast entrance pipe is connected with hot air circulation blower air outlet, the air suction inlet of described hot air circulation blower is connected with the air outlet of linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device and forms closed type hot wind system, described hot-blast furnace body both sides are all furnished with the new wind of two groups of firing systems/flue gas header, the same side upper, the two ends of the new wind in two groups, bottom/corresponding heat-exchanging tube bundle of flue gas header difference, and new wind/honeycomb fashion high alumina heat storage is set between flue gas header and described combustion chamber respectively as cutting off body of wall, often organize described new wind/flue gas header top and be respectively equipped with flange short tube outside outlet box, the quantity of described four-way change-over valve is two and is arranged in hot-blast furnace body both sides respectively, two longitudinal mouths of pipe of described four-way change-over valve are connected with the flange short tube of two groups of new wind/flue gas headers of homonymy respectively, two horizontal mouths of pipe of four-way change-over valve are connected with the air suction inlet of induced draft fan with the air outlet of firing system gas blower respectively, both sides, described combustion chamber are respectively equipped with gas jet, the combustion gas interface end of described gas jet is connected with outside gas-holder with new wind/flue gas header through honeycomb fashion high alumina heat storage.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, the transmission rig of described three backhaul screw machines is by the drive sprocket being installed on described preheating spiral machine stem and destructive distillation screw machine afterbody respectively, be installed on the intermediate chain wheel of described preheating screw drive end unit and destructive distillation screw machine stem respectively, be installed on described pyrolysis spiral prow, the driven sprocket of afterbody, be connected to the driving chain between described preheating screw drive end unit intermediate chain wheel and described pyrolysis screw machine afterbody driven sprocket, the driving chain be connected between described destructive distillation screw machine stem intermediate chain wheel and described pyrolysis screw machine stem driven sprocket forms.To adopt chain coupling type of drive, while realizing transmitting ratio, be beneficial to the spaced heat of engine and working machine, ensure that the working temperature environment of engine; In addition, the mode adopting two drive sprocket to drive avoids separate unit drive unit makes the total bearing torque of spiral refuse excessive and increase screw shaft geometrical dimension because spiral assembly is long, reduce valid circulation area in spiral tube, reduce conveying ability.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, has been evenly arranged along its length outside the shell of described preheating spiral machine, pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine and has organized radiation rib more, often organizes radiation rib and is uniformly distributed along shell circumference.To strengthen heat interchanging area and the heat exchange efficiency of screw machine shell hot blast side, ensure heat energy in hot blast by heat exchange muscle sheet effectively, stable, be delivered to material in screw machine reliably.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, described heating container housing is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel plate, heat-resisting thermofin and Q235 steel plate from inside to outside successively.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, described linkage spiral three backhaul distillation apparatus spiral assembly is evenly provided with four road slip rings, to avoid bending deformation phenomenon under the long generation of screw shaft, guarantees the normal operation in pipe of spiral assembly.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, is provided with air intake cloth bellows, is provided with return air wind-distributing pipe between described air outlet and hot blast flow-guiding channel between described blast inlet and hot blast flow-guiding channel.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, both sides, top, described combustion chamber are respectively equipped with denitrfying agent nozzle, to adopt SMCR denitrating technique to carry out denitration in the stove, guarantee flue gas qualified discharge, subtract dirty environmental protection.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, described heat-exchanging tube bundle adopts stainless steel tube, and is provided with long pitch auger sheet in it, and pitch is 100mm-200mm, with ensure hot blast tube bank in helically adherent flow pattern into and out of tube bank, enhancing heat transfer.
Above-mentioned linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, described hotblast stove shell adopts steel plate, and inner walls is provided with the thermofin that three layers of refractory materials are constructed, to reach heat insulation, the object of insulation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, this system process is simple, and oil-sand raw material is heated through preheating spiral machine (the first stroke) in linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, through pyrolysis screw machine (the second backhaul) by pyrolysis, through destructive distillation screw machine (the 3rd backhaul) by destructive distillation.Oil-sand raw material is isolated gas-liquid two-phase component through the destructive distillation of linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device and is separated out with gas phase form, transverse tube condensation separation unit is entered through pipeline, under the effect of cooling meson water coolant, liquid phase component in oil gas is condensed and is reduced to liquid phase lightweight oil, and the gas of removing liquid phase component becomes simple inflammable gas; After the cooling of tailings cooling unit, modifying asphalt base-material is can be used for and building materials are prepared burden by the tailings after destructive distillation; The high-temperature hot-air of meson for being provided by accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air apparatus of destructive distillation heating, circulating-heating uses, and in accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air apparatus, the fuel of combustion heating hot blast is that the inflammable gas after cooling and purifying process is separated in the destructive distillation of oil-sand raw material.Oil-sand raw material, by producing oil-sand lightweight oil, combustible gas, mine tailing three kinds of products after the destructive distillation of this process system, has that reliable, gas, solid, liquid three kinds of product separation are stable, advantage thoroughly.
2, owing to adopting linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, its integration performance is excellent, and material completes heating, pyrolysis, destructive distillation three operating mode processes wherein, completes the production process of gas, solid, liquid three kinds of products.Material promotes to run through preheating spiral machine, pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine successively in destructive distillation device, both the reliability that material moves ahead had been ensured, in turn ensure that material fully contacts with screw machine tube wall and reach heat exchange object, three backhaul screw machine parallel connections simultaneously significantly increase heat interchanging area and material contact area, significantly enhance heat transfer effect.
3, owing to being furnished with gas collection vertical tube and gas collection transverse tube in linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, in time material isolated gas phase component in heating, pyrolysis, distillation process process is all discharged outside three backhaul screw machines in time, decrease the pressure component of gas phase component in screw machine, the precipitation being beneficial to gas phase component in material is separated.
4, owing to arranging two-layer hot blast diaphragm in linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, then formed from bottom to top three head and the tail communicate down, in, upper hot blast flow-guiding channel, thus form three different temperature fields from bottom to top, namely preheating spiral machine, pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine are in different temperature fields respectively, material is made to have different physical forms in the screw machine of three backhauls, be beneficial to mass transfer heat exchange, realize material gas, solid, liquid tri-state transforms separation.
5, because linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device adopts three backhaul screw machines, make material from opening for feed to discharge port through long-distance heat transfer process (length is about 60m), extend the time that heating material decomposes, material is forced to advance because adopting screw machine simultaneously, thus avoid material and glue wall, stagnant material phenomenon, ensure that material is stablized in screw machine, evenly move ahead heat exchange, realize heating, pyrolysis, distillation process process.
6, because linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device adopts three backhaul screw machines, three backhaul distillation apparatus heated material length are greater than 60m, but Whole Equipment length is less than 24m, and equipment long-width ratio is reasonable, the total plan of the equipment that is beneficial to is arranged, saves floor occupying area and hall space.
7, adopt linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device rotating speed 60 revs/min, under material horizontal velocity 2.5m/min condition, heat treated oil-sand material reaches more than 50t/h platform, year process oil-sand material reaches 360,000 tons/year (working 300 days) increases by 160,000 tons/year than domestic rotary kiln distillation apparatus (Φ 3000) throughput 200,000 tons/year, and throughput improves 80%.Equipment external form geometrical dimension is less than rotary kiln distillation apparatus simultaneously, and throughput is maximum.
8, linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device heating destructive distillation oil-sand material strong adaptability, particularly raw meal particle size adaptability is stronger, can not because of raw meal particle size inequality bigger than normal, in kiln, heated time falls short of, temperature field is uneven and make partial material pyrolysis separation not thorough, half raw material kiln discharge, affects production operational availability and heating material separation rate.
9, accumulation of heat eddy flow hotblast stove have employed the rotational flow pipe type flue gas one air heat-exchange technology of the gentle gas heat exchange efficiency optimum of heat storage type combustion technique of combustion efficiency optimization.The supply of this production technique heat source hot blast is guaranteed, guarantees linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device stability and safety reliability service.
10, hot blast produced by accumulation of heat eddy flow hotblast stove is clean hot air, heat transfer coefficient is large, thermal resistance is little, heat exchange is beneficial to when entering the hot air heat exchange passage of destructive distillation device, circulating resistance is little, thermal resistance can not be increased affect heat transfer and carry out because dust and dirt glues wall, material stable and uniform in screw machine shell is heated, reach heating, pyrolysis, distillation process object.
11, accumulation of heat eddy flow hotblast stove adopts heat-accumulation combustion technique and cyclone pipe heat transfer technology, makes temperature field in furnace evenly reliable, is beneficial to flue gas and air heat-exchange, do not need oxygen-excess combustion and produce oxynitride, exhaust emission environment, does not need peroxide to reduce induced draft shaft power, saves electric energy; Adopt the heat-resisting heat storage device of high alumina, make the new wind of burning and smoke evacuation sensible heat being heated through heat storage device and absorbing heat, obtain effective recycling, be beneficial to stove combustion, reduce funnel temperature, reduce heat loss due to exhaust gas, energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be in Fig. 2 A-A to sectional view;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of accumulation of heat eddy flow hotblast stove of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4.
In figure, sequence number illustrates: 1 heating container, 2 preheating spiral machines, 3 pyrolysis screw machines, 4 destructive distillation screw machines, 5 opening for feeds, 6 drive sprockets, 7 hot blast diaphragms I, 8 driven sprockets, 9 material siphunculus, 10 intermediate chain wheels, 11 air intake cloth bellows, 12 blast inlets, 13 discharge ports, 14 drive sprockets, 15 hot blast diaphragms II, 16 driven sprockets, 17 material siphunculus, 18 intermediate chain wheels, 19 air outlets, 20 return air wind-distributing pipes, 21 radiation ribs, 22 gas collection vertical tubes, 23 arms, 24 gas collection transverse tubes, 25 hotblast stove shells, 26 low temperature hot blast entrance pipes, 27 rotational flow pipe type heat-exchanger rigs, 2701 heat-exchanging tube bundles, 2702 connecting leg end plates, 28 new wind/flue gas headers, 29 heat storages, 30 gas jets, 3001 combustion gas interface ends, 31 high-temperature hot-air export pipelines, 32 hot-blast furnace bodies, 33 flange short tubes, 34 combustion chambers, 35 four-way change-over valves, 3501 longitudinal mouths of pipe, the 3502 horizontal mouths of pipe.
Embodiment
As shown in the figure, this linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system is made up of raw material drying unit, pyrogenation and carbonization unit, accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit, condensation separation unit, tailings cooling unit and the auxiliary matching unit of corresponding public affairs.Pyrogenation and carbonization unit and accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit are the key equipment of native system.
Wherein, described pyrogenation and carbonization unit adopts linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, the three backhaul screw machines that described linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device is parallel to each other by heating container 1 and many groups of being located in described heating container 1 form, described three backhaul screw machines, by be connected to end and vertically arranged preheating spiral machine 2, pyrolysis screw machine 3 and destructive distillation screw machine 4 form, utilize material siphunculus 17,9 connect and be communicated with from top to bottom respectively between described preheating spiral machine 2 and the shell of pyrolysis screw machine 3, between pyrolysis screw machine 3 and the shell of destructive distillation screw machine 4.Described preheating spiral machine 2 body one end is provided with the opening for feed 5 stretching out described heating container 1 housing upper surface, and described destructive distillation screw machine 4 body is provided with away from one end of described opening for feed 5 discharge port 13 stretching out described heating container 1 housing lower surface.The transmission rig of described three backhaul screw machines is by the drive sprocket 6 being installed on described preheating spiral machine 2 stem and destructive distillation screw machine 4 afterbody respectively, 14, be installed on the intermediate chain wheel 18 of described preheating spiral machine 2 afterbody and destructive distillation screw machine 4 stem respectively, 10, be installed on described pyrolysis screw machine 3 first, the driven sprocket 8 of afterbody, 16, be connected to the driving chain between described preheating spiral machine 2 afterbody intermediate chain wheel 18 and described pyrolysis screw machine 3 afterbody driven sprocket 16, the driving chain be connected between described destructive distillation screw machine 4 stem intermediate chain wheel 10 and described pyrolysis screw machine 3 stem driven sprocket 8 forms.Hot blast diaphragm I 7 is provided with between described preheating spiral machine 2 and pyrolysis screw machine 3, hot blast diaphragm II 15 is provided with between described pyrolysis screw machine 3 and destructive distillation screw machine 4, described hot blast diaphragm I, II 7, 15 in heating container 1, form that three head and the tail communicate upper, in, lower hot blast flow-guiding channel, described heating container 1 housing lower surface and upper surface are respectively equipped with the blast inlet 12 and air outlet 19 that communicate with hot blast flow-guiding channel, air intake cloth bellows 11 are provided with between described blast inlet 12 and hot blast flow-guiding channel, return air wind-distributing pipe 20 is provided with between described air outlet 19 and hot blast flow-guiding channel.For strengthening heat transfer effect, being evenly arranged many group radiation ribs 21 outside the shell of described preheating spiral machine 2, pyrolysis screw machine 3 and destructive distillation screw machine 4 along its length, often having organized described radiation rib 21 and be uniformly distributed along shell circumference.Described heating container 1 housing is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel plate, heat-resisting thermofin and Q235 steel plate from inside to outside successively.Many gas collection vertical tubes 22 are axially arranged with along it between three backhaul screw machines described in adjacent two groups, the preheating spiral machine 2 that described gas collection vertical tube 22 is corresponding with it, between pyrolysis screw machine 3 and destructive distillation screw machine 4 shell, utilize arm 23 to be communicated with respectively, after heating container 1 housing is stretched out at each described gas collection vertical tube 22 top, be connected with the gas collection transverse tube 24 leading to accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit or condensation separation unit.Wherein, part gas collection vertical tube 22 is only connected the hot-air system humidification hot blast being used for the water vapor that dried material in preheating spiral machine 2 produces being flowed to accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit with preheating spiral machine 2, part gas collection vertical tube 22 is communicated with (see Fig. 3) with destructive distillation screw machine 4 with journey, pyrolysis screw machine 3 after preheating spiral machine 2 simultaneously, part gas collection vertical tube 22 is communicated with destructive distillation screw machine 4 with pyrolysis screw machine 3 simultaneously, realizes being separated of liquid phase lightweight oil and inflammable gas for high-temperature gas mixture body being sent into condensation separation unit.
In the present embodiment, adopt three group of three backhaul screw machine, three group of three return-stroke type screw machine width between centers is 700mm, and the shell internal diameter often organizing three backhaul screw machines is Φ 500mm, charging and discharging mouth distance between center line 20m, the wheelbase of three screw machines in upper, middle and lower is respectively 700mm.Outside the shell of preheating spiral machine 2, pyrolysis screw machine 3 and destructive distillation screw machine 4, be furnished with 24 groups of heat exchange muscle sheets 21 respectively along its length, heat exchange muscle sheet 21 is circumferentially uniform, and heat exchange muscle sheet 21 is highly for 80mm, thickness are 12mm.The caliber of gas collection vertical tube 22 is Φ 100mm, both sides are communicated with each screw machine shell with the arm 23 of Φ 50mm respectively, gas collection vertical tube 22 arranges one along screw machine length direction at interval of 2m, and the caliber of gas collection transverse tube 24 is Φ 200mm, and each gas collection vertical tube 22 is connected with gas collection transverse tube 24.
Described accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit comprises hotblast stove, hot air circulation blower, firing system drum, induced draft fan and four-way change-over valve 35, rotational flow pipe type heat-exchanger rig 27 is provided with in described combustion chamber 34, described rotational flow pipe type heat-exchanger rig 27 is by parallel, the heat-exchanging tube bundle 2701 be staggered in arrangement, the connecting leg end plate 2702 being located at heat-exchanging tube bundle 2701 two ends forms, described heat-exchanging tube bundle 2701 by the connecting leg end plate 2702 at two ends respectively with hotblast stove low temperature hot blast entrance pipe 26, high-temperature hot-air export pipeline 31 is closed and is connected and be communicated with, described high-temperature hot-air export pipeline 31 is connected with the blast inlet 12 of linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, described low temperature hot blast entrance pipe 26 is connected with hot air circulation blower air outlet, the air suction inlet of described hot air circulation blower is connected with the air outlet 19 of linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device and forms closed type hot wind system.Described hot-blast furnace body 32 both sides are all furnished with the new wind of two groups of firing systems/flue gas header 28, the same side upper, the two ends of the new wind in two groups, bottom/corresponding heat-exchanging tube bundle 2701 of flue gas header 28 difference, and new wind/honeycomb fashion high alumina heat storage 29 is set between flue gas header 28 and described combustion chamber 34 respectively as cutting off body of wall, often organize described new wind/flue gas header 28 top and be respectively equipped with flange short tube 33 outside outlet box, the quantity of described four-way change-over valve 35 is two and is arranged in hot-blast furnace body 32 both sides respectively, two longitudinal mouths of pipe 3501 of described four-way change-over valve 35 are connected with the flange short tube 33 of two groups of new wind/flue gas headers 28 of homonymy respectively, two horizontal mouths of pipe 3502 of four-way change-over valve 35 are connected with the air suction inlet of induced draft fan with the air outlet of firing system gas blower respectively, both sides, described combustion chamber 34 are respectively equipped with gas jet 30, the combustion gas interface end 3001 of described gas jet 30 is connected with outside gas-holder with new wind/flue gas header 28 through honeycomb fashion high alumina heat storage 29, both sides, top, described combustion chamber 34 are respectively equipped with denitrfying agent nozzle.Described hotblast stove shell 25 adopts steel plate, and inner walls is provided with the thermofin that three layers of refractory materials are constructed.
In the present embodiment, described hot-blast furnace body 32 useful volume size length is 3000 × 2400 × 2400, and rotational flow pipe type heat-exchanger rig 27 scantlings of the structure is 3000 × 1400 × 2000.Described heat-exchanging tube bundle 2701 adopts stainless steel tube, and is provided with long pitch auger sheet in it, and in the present embodiment, stainless steel tube diameter is 76mm, and wall thickness is 3mm, and the pitch of flight is 100mm-200mm.
Described raw material drying unit is the heat exchange pipe system arranged at raw material bank bottom, accept being heated by heat exchange pipe by the hot water heated from tailings cooling unit, oil-sand material accepts hot water heat and carries out oil-sand to produce front drying treatment after stacking, and separates out moisture content.Hot water in heat exchange pipe delivers to tailings cooling unit cooling tailings again through water pump, pipeline after heated material cooling, and heat absorption returns the cycle operation like this of raw material drying unit after heating up again.
Described condensation separation unit, primarily of transverse tube indirect cooler and corresponding supporting water pump, valve and pipeline composition, all adopts prior art standard configuration.Wherein, transverse tube indirect cooler is upright rectangular parallelepiped shell, and water-cooled tube is horizontal by 3
oangle lateral arrangement, outside tube sheet, bobbin carriage is communicated with water-cooled tube, forms cooling-water duct, is divided into upper and lower two sections of water supply.Epimere is recirculated cooling water, and hypomere is low-temperature cooling water.Condensed gas enters from water cooler top, after two sections of cooling heat exchange, the liquid phase component in gas is condensed and separates, and phlegma is concentrated and sunk to collecting tank bottom water cooler, extracts out send into corresponding storage tank through pump.Gas phase component after separation enters after gas treating system process through pipeline and sends into waterless gas-holder, loads gas-holder through booster fan.The water coolant of condensation separation unit and water at low temperature are provided by public affairs auxiliary part Cool-water Machine for Industry group and cooling tower respectively and recycle, and Cool-water Machine for Industry group adopts double-effect lithium bromide unit cooler, the clean inflammable gas that thermal source adopts the sand separation of this technical oil to go out.
Described tailings cooling unit, primarily of compositions such as the cold sand device of duplex and corresponding water pump, valve, pipelines, all adopts the configuration of prior art modular system.The heat exchange pipe system of its cooling water pipeline and raw material drying unit forms a closed system, the heat exchange pipe system that hot water after cold sand heat exchange heats up sends into raw material drying unit through pipeline is used for dry oil-sand raw material, return tailings cooling unit again after heat release cooling, recycle.
Technical process:
Oil-sand raw material is transported to factory's oil-sand stock yard underground storage by transport trolley, and raw material is preheated dry remove portion moisture content under the heat exchange pipe system effect of bank bottom.Dried oil-sand raw material is promoted to rotary conveyor on uphole equipment layer by storage bin before feedstock transportation to distillation apparatus by bucket elevator.In storage bin, raw material exports electronic feed valve and is delivered to by raw material on measuring belt transfer roller through storehouse, falls into stokehold screw feeder after metering by stokehold surge bunker, sends into linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device thus.
Oil-sand raw material enters in preheating spiral machine 2 through the opening for feed 5 of three backhaul screw machines, adherently slowly to move ahead under flight promotes, absorb convection heat in tube wall heat conduction and pipe and heat temperature raising gradually, in raw material, free water separates out evaporation successively, water vapour discharges through gas collection vertical tube, the gas collection transverse tube be only communicated with preheating spiral machine 2 that machine is outer sends into hot-air system humidification hot blast through pipeline, when temperature of charge reaches 100 DEG C-150 DEG C, in raw material, free water all separates out evaporation, completes dry materials process.
Dried material enters in pyrolysis screw machine 3 at preheating spiral machine 2 afterbody by material siphunculus, adherently slowly to move ahead under flight promotes, absorb tube wall heat conduction and manage interior convection heat and heat temperature raising, when temperature of charge reaches more than 200 DEG C, the chemically-bonded water that in raw material, relative mixture component is connected is heated generation dehydration reaction, material molecular structure changes, the mixture be connected by chemically-bonded water changes into free unbodied related oxides (colloid component, pitch component, hydrocarbon component, calcareous component etc.), and form free softening material with related oxides physicochemical property, along with Heating temperature raises, volatiles in softening material all volatilizees precipitation, import gas collection transverse tube 24 by gas collection vertical tube 22 successively and send into condensation separation unit, hydrocarbon component liquefies formation solidliquid mixture completely, complete material pyrolytic process.
Solid-liquid mixture enters in destructive distillation screw machine 4 at pyrolysis screw machine 3 afterbody by material siphunculus 9, adherently slowly to move ahead under flight promotes, absorb convection heat in tube wall heat conduction and pipe and continue heat temperature raising, when temperature of charge reaches more than 500 DEG C, liquid phase component in solid-liquid mixture all volatilizees and is converted into gas phase component, condensation separation unit is sent into outward by gas collection vertical tube 22 and gas collection transverse tube 24 machine of discharging, complete material retort process, the solid component (tailings) after solid-liquid separation sends into tailings cooling unit outward through discharge port machine of discharging.
Enter the transverse tube indirect cooler top of condensation separation unit through pipeline from the isolated high-temperature gas mixture body of pyrogenation and carbonization unit, under water coolant effect, mixed gas is lowered the temperature, portion gas reaches condensing temperature and is condensed into liquid phase component, remaining mixed gas continues descending, under the further cooling effect of water at low temperature, in mixed gas, liquid phase component is all condensed into as liquid components, and upper and lower phlegma is concentrated in intercepting basin and sent into storage tank by transfer pump and store and wait to transport outward bottom condenser; Remaining gas composition after condensation separation unit condensation separation is sent into waterless gas-holder and is stored stand-by after pipeline feeding inflammable gas purification processed.
The high temperature tailings separated from pyrogenation and carbonization unit is sent in the cold sand device of duplex tailings cooling unit through pipeline, outside water coolant effect borehole cooling cooling discharge machine, delivers to tailings field as ready fully utilize by rotary conveyor; Water coolant absorbs after tailings sensible heat heats up delivers to raw material drying storehouse heat exchange pipe system by pipeline, heat drying oil-sand raw material, sends into the cold sand device of duplex cool tailings, cycle operation like this after releasing heat energy cooling by water circulating pump through pipeline.
The heating meson high-temperature hot-air of pyrogenation and carbonization unit is provided by accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit, after hot air circulation blower pressurization, hotblast stove inward eddy tubular heat exchange device 27 is sent into by airduct from the low temperature hot blast after the cooling of pyrogenation and carbonization unit heated material, burner hearth heat energy is absorbed in eddy flow flow pattern through heat-exchanging tube bundle 2701 under heat transfer tube inner screwy fin water conservancy diversion, send into pyrogenation and carbonization unit heated material through pipeline after intensification, after cooling, return hotblast stove cycle operation.Wherein, Combustion System of Hot-Blast Stove adopts heat storage type combustion technique.Flow through heat storage 29 when inner flue gas of the stove discharges burner hearth under induced draft fan graviational interaction, in flue gas, sensible heat is by heat storage 29 fully absorbing, cooling, sends into chimney high altitude discharge through pipeline.Burn to be sent into when combustion chamber 34 flows through heat storage 29 through pipeline by gas blower with new wind and added rapidly thermal expansion by high-temperature thermal storage body 29 and enter combustion chamber 34 fast, burn with the abundant mixed oxidization of inflammable gas sprayed in stove from combustion gas spout 30, release heat energy, the circulating air heated in heat-exchanging tube bundle 2701.New wind, flue gas, by four-way change-over valve 35 loop cycle, through heat storage 29 into and out of combustion chamber 34, ensure the fully oxidized burning of combustion chamber 34 combustible gas, form the temperature field of stable and uniform, ensure hot blast temperature.The purification inflammable gas supply that the clean combustible gas of hotblast stove heating fuel is separated by this technique oil-sand pyrogenation and carbonization.
Claims (9)
1. a linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system, comprise raw material drying unit, pyrogenation and carbonization unit, accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit, condensation separation unit and tailings cooling unit, it is characterized in that: described pyrogenation and carbonization unit adopts linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, the three backhaul screw machines that described linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device is parallel to each other by heating container and many groups of being located in heating container form, often organize three backhaul screw machines by being connected to end and from top to bottom vertically arranged preheating spiral machine, pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine composition, described preheating spiral machine body one end is provided with the opening for feed stretching out heating container housing upper surface, described destructive distillation screw machine body is provided with away from one end of opening for feed the discharge port stretching out heating container housing lower surface, hot blast diaphragm I is provided with between described preheating spiral machine and pyrolysis screw machine, hot blast diaphragm II is provided with between described pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine, described hot blast diaphragm I, II in heating container, form that three head and the tail communicate upper, in, lower hot air heat exchange passage, described heating container housing lower surface and upper surface are respectively equipped with the blast inlet and air outlet that communicate with hot blast flow-guiding channel, many gas collection vertical tubes are axially arranged with along it between two group of three adjacent backhaul screw machine, the preheating spiral machine that described gas collection vertical tube is corresponding with it, arm is utilized to be communicated with respectively between pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine shell, the gas collection transverse tube leading to accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit or condensation separation unit is connected with after heating container housing is stretched out at each gas collection vertical tube top,
Described accumulation of heat eddy flow hot air unit comprises hotblast stove, hot air circulation blower, firing system drum, induced draft fan and four-way change-over valve, rotational flow pipe type heat-exchanger rig is provided with in combustion chamber, described rotational flow pipe type heat-exchanger rig is by parallel, the heat-exchanging tube bundle be staggered in arrangement, be located at the connecting leg end plate composition at heat-exchanging tube bundle two ends, described heat-exchanging tube bundle by the connecting leg end plate at two ends respectively with hotblast stove low temperature hot blast entrance pipe, high-temperature hot-air export pipeline is closed and is connected and be communicated with, described high-temperature hot-air export pipeline is connected with the blast inlet of linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device, described low temperature hot blast entrance pipe is connected with hot air circulation blower air outlet, the air suction inlet of described hot air circulation blower is connected with the air outlet of linkage spiral three backhaul destructive distillation device and forms closed type hot wind system, described hot-blast furnace body both sides are all furnished with the new wind of two groups of firing systems/flue gas header, the same side upper, the two ends of the new wind in two groups, bottom/corresponding heat-exchanging tube bundle of flue gas header difference, and new wind/honeycomb fashion high alumina heat storage is set between flue gas header and described combustion chamber respectively as cutting off body of wall, often organize described new wind/flue gas header top and be respectively equipped with flange short tube outside outlet box, the quantity of described four-way change-over valve is two and is arranged in hot-blast furnace body both sides respectively, two longitudinal mouths of pipe of described four-way change-over valve are connected with the flange short tube of two groups of new wind/flue gas headers of homonymy respectively, two horizontal mouths of pipe of four-way change-over valve are connected with the air suction inlet of induced draft fan with the air outlet of firing system gas blower respectively, both sides, described combustion chamber are respectively equipped with gas jet, the combustion gas interface end of described gas jet is connected with outside gas-holder with new wind/flue gas header through honeycomb fashion high alumina heat storage.
2. linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the transmission rig of described three backhaul screw machines is by the drive sprocket being installed on described preheating spiral machine stem and destructive distillation screw machine afterbody respectively, be installed on the intermediate chain wheel of described preheating screw drive end unit and destructive distillation screw machine stem respectively, be installed on described pyrolysis spiral prow, the driven sprocket of afterbody, be connected to the driving chain between described preheating screw drive end unit intermediate chain wheel and described pyrolysis screw machine afterbody driven sprocket, the driving chain be connected between described destructive distillation screw machine stem intermediate chain wheel and described pyrolysis screw machine stem driven sprocket forms.
3. linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be evenly arranged along its length outside the shell of described preheating spiral machine, pyrolysis screw machine and destructive distillation screw machine and organized radiation rib more, often organize radiation rib and be uniformly distributed along shell circumference.
4. linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heating container housing is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel plate, heat-resisting thermofin and Q235 steel plate from inside to outside successively.
5. linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described linkage spiral three backhaul distillation apparatus spiral assembly is evenly provided with four road slip rings.
6. linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with air intake cloth bellows between described blast inlet and hot blast flow-guiding channel, be provided with return air wind-distributing pipe between described air outlet and hot blast flow-guiding channel.
7. linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: both sides, top, described combustion chamber are respectively equipped with denitrfying agent nozzle.
8. linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described heat-exchanging tube bundle adopts stainless steel tube, and is provided with long pitch auger sheet in it, and the pitch of described flight is 100mm-200mm.
9. linkage spiral return-stroke type oil-sand distillation process system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described hotblast stove shell adopts steel plate, and inner walls is provided with the thermofin that three layers of refractory materials are constructed.
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| CN104312606B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2016-03-09 | 晏子俊 | The semicoke produced with destructive distillation carries out the powdery carbonization furnace that heats for fuel |
| CN104745205B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2017-03-08 | 刘勇 | Living beings rotate destructive distillation comprehensive utilization process |
| CN104789249B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2017-03-01 | 赵旭荣 | Oil-sand harmless and recycling treatment method and special purpose device |
| CN104845656B (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2016-11-16 | 天津大学 | A kind of oil-sand Atmospheric vacuum dry distilling complex solvent extraction device and method |
| CN105441096A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-03-30 | 刘勇 | Rotation destructive distillation thermal cracking device of solid thermal energy substance |
| CN106833692B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2020-06-02 | 克拉玛依市恒通能源有限公司 | Oil sand dry distillation system |
| CN108384561A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-10 | 上海升凯新能源开发有限公司 | A kind of biomass pyrolytic control system and method |
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