CN104075103B - A kind of fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships - Google Patents
A kind of fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships Download PDFInfo
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- CN104075103B CN104075103B CN201410336398.6A CN201410336398A CN104075103B CN 104075103 B CN104075103 B CN 104075103B CN 201410336398 A CN201410336398 A CN 201410336398A CN 104075103 B CN104075103 B CN 104075103B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to LNG fuels and energy shipbuilding and assembling field, particularly to a kind of fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships, comprise the steps: step one, inerting, be dried, use dry nitrogen that the LNG system on ship is dried, inerting；Step 2, pre-cooling, use liquid nitrogen that LNG storage tank is carried out pre-cooling；Step 3, purging, use the natural gas drive nitrogen except LNG internal system of gasification；Step 4, fill, LNG fuel is filled with LNG storage tank.The method is used to carry out LNG fuel adding, the filling of the LNG fuels and energy boats and ships being configured without LNG immersed pump can be met, ship bank LNG can well be solved and fill connection problem, make the LNG tank car on the bank can be smoothly by inside LNG fuel adding to LNG powered ship, meeting normal use, whole filling process is relatively easy, reliable, safety is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to LNG fuels and energy shipbuilding and assembling field, particularly to a kind of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships
Fuel adding method.
Background technology
Along with natural gas is obtained for attention and the development of height as the clean energy resource of a kind of low carbonization in countries in the world, I
State continues to increase for the demand of LNG fuel, at ship domain, newly makes ships quantity in recent years using LNG as power
Also obtain growth greatly.
LNG i.e. liquid natural gas, its storage temperature generally about-160 DEG C, because itself low temperature and volatile one-tenth are natural
Gas characteristic, therefore the boats and ships using it as power have certain danger in the middle of filling, use process.
Use because the LNG tank car major part that China uses on the bank is petrochemical system, and LNG filling station on the bank all configures
LNG filling sled can realize refuting from homophony with LNG immersed pump, so the LNG tank car of China does not all configure fills use
Immersed pump.For arranging the narrow and small LNG powered ship that can not install filling sled for space in economic consideration or ship,
Formulate the charging method that one is the most safe and reliable, the most economic, practical, for ensureing the normal of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships
Using, the economic benefit improving boats and ships is the most significant.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of need not configure LNG immersed pump adjust refute, economic, safe LNG fuels and energy ship
The fuel adding method of oceangoing ship.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships, including walking as follows
Rapid:
Step one, inerting, it is dried, uses dry nitrogen that the LNG system on ship is dried, inerting；
Step 2, pre-cooling, use liquid nitrogen that LNG storage tank is carried out pre-cooling；
Step 3, purging, use the natural gas drive nitrogen except LNG internal system of gasification；
Step 4, fill, LNG fuel is filled with LNG storage tank.
Wherein, the described LNG system on ship includes filling station, the first LNG storage tank and the first clack box, a described LNG
Storage tank is connected with filling station by the first clack box.
Wherein, described step one particularly as follows:
11) liquid nitrogen tank car on the bank is connected with the entrance of gasifier, and the outlet of gasifier is entered with the filling station on ship
Mouth connects；
12) open the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter gasifier；
13) liquid nitrogen gasification is the nitrogen of room temperature by gasifier, and nitrogen enters the first LNG storage tank by filling station gas phase interface
Top；
14) air is discharged bottom the first LNG storage tank by nitrogen；
15) the detection intrasystem oxygen content of LNG and dew point, when oxygen content is less than 1%, and when dew point is less than-45 DEG C, closes
The valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, completes inerting, dry run.
Wherein, described step 2 particularly as follows:
21) liquid nitrogen tank car on the bank is connected with the entrance of the filling station on ship；
22) open the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, make liquid nitrogen be entered bottom the first LNG storage tank by filling station liquid phase interface；
23) detect temperature in the first LNG storage tank, when temperature is less than-120 DEG C, closes liquid nitrogen tank car valve, complete pre-
Cold operation.
Further, described step 2 also includes:
24) temperature fall off rate in the first LNG storage tank is monitored, if temperature fall off rate exceedes preset value, by liquid
Nitrogen tank car and filling station valve are turned down.
Wherein, described step 3 particularly as follows:
31) LNG tank car on the bank is connected with the entrance of gasifier, and the outlet of gasifier is entered with the filling station on ship
Mouth connects；
32) open the valve of LNG tank car, make LNG enter gasifier；
33) LNG gasification is the natural gas of room temperature by gasifier, and natural gas enters a LNG by filling station gas phase interface
Tank top；
34) nitrogen is discharged bottom the first LNG storage tank by natural gas；
35) detect the concentration of the intrasystem natural gas of LNG, when the concentration of natural gas is more than 95%, close LNG tank car
Valve, completes purging process.
Wherein, described step 4 particularly as follows:
41) LNG tank car on the bank and gasifier are connected into loop, and by LNG tank car with the filling station entrance on ship even
Connect；
42) opening the supercharger liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car, LNG gasification is the natural gas of room temperature by gasifier, natural gas
Returning in LNG tank car, when the pressure in LNG tank car increases to setting value, the supercharger liquid phase closing LNG tank car goes out
Mouthful；This setting value is traditionally arranged to be 0.6MPa；
43) opening the liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car, LNG is entered bottom the first LNG storage tank by filling station liquid phase interface；
44) detect the liquid level of the first LNG storage tank, when the liquid level of the first LNG storage tank reaches 45%, close LNG tank car valve
Door, completes to fill operation.
Wherein, the described LNG system on ship also includes the second LNG storage tank and the second clack box, and described second LNG storage tank is led to
Cross the second clack box to connect with described filling station.
Wherein, in the operation of step one, successively the first LNG storage tank, the second LNG storage tank are carried out inerting, be dried；
In the operation of step 2, the first LNG storage tank, the second LNG storage tank are carried out pre-cooling simultaneously；
In the operation of step 3, successively the first LNG storage tank, the second LNG storage tank are carried out purging；
In the operation of step 4, successively the first LNG storage tank, the second LNG storage tank are filled.
Further, the pre-cooling of described step 2 is divided into early stage pre-cooling and later stage pre-cooling；Temperature in described early stage precooling process
The higher limit of fall off rate is 10 DEG C/h；In described later stage precooling process, the higher limit of temperature fall off rate is 20 DEG C/h.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The fuel adding method of a kind of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships of the present invention, ship bank all need not configure LNG immersed pump, only
With one gasifier of configuration, it is attached realizing each step for the difference filling stage by flexible pipe, this method saves
Cost, easy and simple to handle, safety and recycling rate of waterused are high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the LNG filing provision of the fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the operation chart of the step one of the fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the operation chart of the step 2 of the fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the operation chart of the step 3 of the fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the operation chart of the step 4 of the fuel adding method of the present invention.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 includes:
1 first LNG storage tank；2 second LNG storage tank；
3 first clack boxes；4 second clack boxes；
5 filling stations；6 breathe freely mast；
7 gasifiers；8 tank cars；
81 LNG tank cars；82 liquid nitrogen tank cars.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention is described in further detail by detailed description of the invention.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, in order to meet LNG powered ship fuel adding problem, one is present embodiments provided not
Using the fuel adding method of the LNG fuels and energy boats and ships of LNG immersed pump, the equipment related in the method specifically includes that
LNG storage tank, filling station 5, tank car 8, gasifier 7, tank car 8 include LNG tank car 81 and liquid nitrogen tank car 82,.Wherein
LNG storage tank, filling station 5 is arranged aboard ship, and LNG tank car 81, liquid nitrogen tank car 82, gasifier 7 are in the middle of filling process
It is all located at close to LNG powered ship on the bank.And, in the middle of filling process, LNG tank car 81, liquid nitrogen tank car 82,
Gasifier 7 all passes through the flexible pipe of austenitic stainless steel and is connected with boats and ships.
A kind of fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships, comprises the steps:
Step one, inerting, it is dried, uses dry nitrogen that the LNG system on ship is dried, inerting；
Step 2, pre-cooling, use liquid nitrogen that LNG storage tank is carried out pre-cooling；
Step 3, purging, use the natural gas drive nitrogen except LNG internal system of gasification；
Step 4, fill, LNG fuel is filled with LNG storage tank.
LNG system on ship includes filling station the 5, first LNG storage tank 1 and the first clack box 3, and the first LNG storage tank 1 is passed through
First clack box 3 connects with filling station 5.
Step one, first in view of the low-temperature characteristics of LNG, if having steam in LNG system, may cause freezing thus
Valve is made normally-open to close；If it addition, oxygen concentration is too high in LNG system, may after mixing with natural gas
Cause blast.So, before filling we system is dried, inerting disposal, oxygen content in system is reduced
To less than 1%, dew point is less than-45 DEG C.The general humidity of compressed air in view of shipyard is relatively big, and is difficult to be dried, and after
Continuous pre-cooling liquid nitrogen to be used, so considering, using gasifier 7 that liquid nitrogen carries out air heating and producing the room temperature being dried
Nitrogen carries out the operation of this step.
The concrete equipment of this step connects with operating principle as in figure 2 it is shown, entering liquid nitrogen tank car 82 on the bank and gasifier 7
Mouth connects, and the outlet of gasifier 7 is connected with filling station 5 entrance on ship.We are by the first LNG storage tank 1 and
The inerting process of two LNG storage tank 2 is separately carried out.It is first turned on liquid nitrogen tank car 82 respective valves, makes liquid nitrogen enter gasifier
7, the nitrogen of room temperature it is heated as by air, nitrogen enters the first LNG storage tank 1 top by filling station 5 gas phase interface.
Because density of nitrogen is less than air, air is discharged by nitrogen from tank bottom, and is entered greatly by the ventilative mast 6 of pipeline arrival
Gas.Operation carries out in the middle of process, at the sample tap of filling station 5 by portable oxygen analyser and dew point hygrometer detecting system
Oxygen content and dew point.When oxygen content is less than 1%, and dew point less than-45 DEG C time complete the first LNG storage tank 1 inerting, dried
Journey, carries out the inerting of the second LNG storage tank 2, is dried (with a LNG by controlling the open and close of LNG system inner valve
The valve of storage tank 1 connection is positioned at the first clack box 3, and the valve connected with the second LNG storage tank 2 is positioned at the second clack box 4),
Concrete operations are consistent with the first LNG storage tank 1, meet and require to close valve, and step one completes.
Step 2, because LNG fuel generally about-160 DEG C, it is contemplated that its low-temperature characteristics, if directly filling can
Can be because temperature fall off rate causes pipeline, valve etc. to go wrong the soonest.In order to ensure safety, before filling, we want
Carry out pre-cooling.Strict temperature control fall off rate in precooling process, early stage pre-cooling is less than 10 DEG C/h, and later stage pre-cooling can root
Suitably increase to less than 20 DEG C/h according to field condition.Longer in view of pre-coo time, use LNG to carry out pre-cooling the most dangerous
Exhaust emission air again, so considering, we use liquid nitrogen to carry out the pre-cooling of whole system.
The concrete equipment of this step connects with operating principle as it is shown on figure 3, by liquid nitrogen tank car 82 on the bank and the filling station on ship
The entrance of 5 connects.Pre-cooling is the first LNG storage tank 1 and the second LNG storage tank 2 is carried out simultaneously, is first turned on liquid nitrogen tank car
82 respective valves, are respectively enterd bottom the first LNG storage tank 1 and the second LNG storage tank 2 by filling station 5 liquid phase interface.
The pressure in the first LNG storage tank 1 and the second LNG storage tank 2 and temperature conditions is monitored with driving platform, for ensureing at central station of floating dock
Temperature fall off rate, liquid nitrogen tank car 82 reaches minimum at the beginning with the valve of filling station 5, further according to the temperature conditions of monitoring
Slowly open big.Strict temperature control fall off rate in precooling process, early stage pre-cooling is less than 10 DEG C/h, and later stage pre-cooling can root
Suitably increase to less than 20 DEG C/h according to field condition.When the first LNG storage tank 1 and the top of the second LNG storage tank 2 and the end
When the temperature sensor displays temperature in portion is respectively less than-120 DEG C, pre-cooling operation terminates, and closes respective valves.
Step 3, if LNG internal system is mixed with nitrogen, can affect fuel efficiency, institute in the middle of boats and ships use afterwards
Liquid nitrogen and the nitrogen of internal system is removed with our natural gas drive of LNG gasification to be used before filling.In view of natural gas
Explosion hazard, before purge operation, should ensure that the combustible gas detecting system of configuration is in running order with ventilating system, if
There is natural gas leaking can find in time and discharge；Connect ship bank static electricity earthing device, prevent because electrostatic causes blast.
The concrete equipment of this step connects to be illustrated as shown in Figure 4 with operating principle, by LNG tank car 81 on the bank and gasifier 7
Entrance connect, and the outlet of gasifier 7 is connected with filling station 5 entrance on ship.First LNG storage tank 1 and second
The purging of LNG storage tank 2 is separately carried out.It is first turned on the corresponding valve of LNG tank car 81, makes LNG enter gasifier 7, logical
Cross air and be heated to be natural gas, then enter the first LNG storage tank 1 top by filling station 5 gas phase interface, because natural
The density of gas is less than nitrogen, therefore nitrogen arrives ventilative mast 6 by the first LNG storage tank 1 bottom conduit, and enters in air.
In the middle of operating process, use Portable combustible gas survey meter monitoring concentration of natural gas at filling station 5 sample tap, when first
The internal hydrocarbon concentration of LNG storage tank 1 reaches to close respective valves when more than 95%.Open valve makes natural gas enter the
Two LNG storage tank 2 carry out purging, and the second LNG storage tank 2 operates with the most consistent, close valve when concentration reaches requirement.
Natural gas about 30s in using the nitrogen sparge tube road on ship and in flexible pipe, purge operation terminates.
Step 4, since it is considered that at shipyard for fill for the first time, we are filled with rate and are set as 45%, it is ensured that if a LNG
Storage tank or valve go wrong and can be imported in the middle of another LNG storage tank by LNG fuel therein.Because of LNG tank car
81 itself do not have pump and gasifier 7, and LNG tank car 81 to be first connected by we with gasifier 7, utilizes gasifier 7 by LNG
Gasification is to tank car internal pressurization, it is ensured that the internal pressure keeping more than 0.6MPa in the middle of tank car filling process.As purging,
Before purge operation, should ensure that the combustible gas detecting system of configuration is in running order with ventilating system, it is ensured that if having natural
Gas leakage can find and discharge in time；Connect ship bank static electricity earthing device, prevent because electrostatic causes blast.
The concrete equipment of this step connects with operating principle as it is shown in figure 5, be connected with gasifier 7 by LNG tank car 81 on the bank
Become loop, and LNG tank car 81 is connected with filling station 5 entrance on ship.First, LNG tank car 81 supercharger is opened
Liquid-phase outlet, the LNG gasification utilizing gasifier 7 to be discharged by LNG tank car 81 returns in LNG tank car 81 for natural gas
Portion, carries out supercharging to LNG tank car 81, closes valve after being pressurized to 0.6MPa.Opening tank car liquid-phase outlet, LNG passes through
Filling station 5 liquid phase interface enters bottom the first LNG storage tank 1.At central station of floating dock with drive platform and monitor the first LNG storage tank 1 He
Liquid level within second LNG storage tank 2, pressure.Respective valves is closed when the first LNG storage tank 1 liquid level reaches 45%, right
Second LNG storage tank 2 fills, and concrete operations are consistent with the first LNG storage tank 1, closes corresponding after reaching to preset liquid level
Valve.Open LNG tank car 81 row's residual valve to be discharged by the LNG gasification remained in flexible pipe, use the nitrogen on ship that LNG is managed
Road carries out purging about 30s.Fill operation to terminate.
Use the method to carry out LNG fuel adding, the LNG fuels and energy boats and ships being configured without LNG immersed pump can be met
Filling, ship bank LNG can well be solved and fill connection problem, make the LNG tank car 81 on the bank can be smoothly by LNG fuel
Being filled into inside LNG powered ship, meet normal use, whole filling process is relatively easy, reliable, safety is higher.
Above content is to combine the further description that the present invention is carried out by actual boats and ships filling embodiment, it is impossible to recognize
Determine the present invention be embodied as be confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to this
Bright protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step one, inerting, it is dried, uses dry nitrogen that the LNG system on ship is dried, inerting；
Described step one particularly as follows:
11) liquid nitrogen tank car on the bank is connected with the entrance of gasifier, and by the outlet of gasifier and ship
Filling station entrance connects；
12) open the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter gasifier；
13) liquid nitrogen gasification is the nitrogen of room temperature by gasifier, and nitrogen enters first by filling station gas phase interface
LNG storage tank top；
14) air is discharged bottom the first LNG storage tank by nitrogen；
15) the detection intrasystem oxygen content of LNG and dew point, when oxygen content is less than 1%, and dew point is less than-45 DEG C
Time, close the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, complete inerting, dry run；
Step 2, pre-cooling, use liquid nitrogen LNG storage tank is carried out pre-cooling, precooling step particularly as follows:
21) liquid nitrogen tank car on the bank is connected with the entrance of the filling station on ship；
22) open the valve of liquid nitrogen tank car, make liquid nitrogen enter the first LNG storage tank by filling station liquid phase interface
Bottom；
23) detect temperature in the first LNG storage tank, when temperature is less than-120 DEG C, close liquid nitrogen tank car valve,
Complete pre-cooling operation；
Step 3, purging, use the natural gas drive nitrogen except LNG internal system of gasification；
Step 4, fill, LNG fuel is filled with LNG storage tank.
2. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that on ship
Described LNG system include filling station, the first LNG storage tank and the first clack box, described first LNG storage tank
Connected with filling station by the first clack box.
3. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step 2 also includes:
24) temperature fall off rate in the first LNG storage tank is monitored, if temperature fall off rate exceedes preset value
Time, liquid nitrogen tank car and filling station valve are turned down.
4. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described
Step 3 particularly as follows:
31) LNG tank car on the bank is connected with the entrance of gasifier, and by the outlet of gasifier and ship
Filling station entrance connects；
32) open the valve of LNG tank car, make LNG enter gasifier；
33) LNG gasification is the natural gas of room temperature by gasifier, and natural gas is entered by filling station gas phase interface
First LNG storage tank top；
34) nitrogen is discharged bottom the first LNG storage tank by natural gas；
35) detect the concentration of the intrasystem natural gas of LNG, when the concentration of natural gas is more than 95%, close
The valve of LNG tank car, completes purging process.
5. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described
Step 4 particularly as follows:
41) LNG tank car on the bank and gasifier are connected into loop, and by LNG tank car and the filling on ship
Entrance of standing connects；
42) opening the supercharger liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car, LNG gasification is the natural gas of room temperature by gasifier,
Natural gas returns in LNG tank car, when the pressure in LNG tank car increases to setting value, closes LNG groove
The supercharger liquid-phase outlet of car；
43) opening the liquid-phase outlet of LNG tank car, LNG enters a LNG by filling station liquid phase interface and stores up
Pot bottom；
44) detect the liquid level of the first LNG storage tank, when the liquid level of the first LNG storage tank reaches 45%, close
LNG tank car valve, completes to fill operation.
6. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that on ship
Described LNG system also include the second LNG storage tank and the second clack box, described second LNG storage tank is by the
Two clack boxes connect with described filling station.
7. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that step
In the operation of, successively the first LNG storage tank, the second LNG storage tank are carried out inerting, be dried；
In the operation of step 2, the first LNG storage tank, the second LNG storage tank are carried out pre-cooling simultaneously；
In the operation of step 3, successively the first LNG storage tank, the second LNG storage tank are carried out purging；
In the operation of step 4, successively the first LNG storage tank, the second LNG storage tank are filled.
8. the fuel adding method of LNG fuels and energy boats and ships as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described
The pre-cooling of step 2 is divided into early stage pre-cooling and later stage pre-cooling；Temperature fall off rate in described early stage precooling process
Higher limit be 10 DEG C/h；In described later stage precooling process, the higher limit of temperature fall off rate is 20 DEG C/h.
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| CN113357537B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2023-02-21 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Marine LNG filling system and operation method |
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| CN104075103A (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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Application publication date: 20141001 Assignee: GUANGZHOU WENCHONG SHIPYARD Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CSSC HUANGPU WENCHONG SHIPBUILDING Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2021440000195 Denomination of invention: A fuel filling method for LNG fuel powered ship Granted publication date: 20160824 License type: Common License Record date: 20211021 |
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