CN104070460A - Basic structure and design method of uniform and efficient suction sand blasting gun - Google Patents
Basic structure and design method of uniform and efficient suction sand blasting gun Download PDFInfo
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- CN104070460A CN104070460A CN201410288796.5A CN201410288796A CN104070460A CN 104070460 A CN104070460 A CN 104070460A CN 201410288796 A CN201410288796 A CN 201410288796A CN 104070460 A CN104070460 A CN 104070460A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a basic structure and a design method of a uniform and efficient suction sand blasting gun. A porous air nozzle formed by a plurality of air injection holes which have the same shapes, are parallel to one another and are evenly distributed is combined with a sand blasting mixing nozzle, a sand blasting gun body and a sand suction mouth, so that the novel suction sand blasting gun structure can be formed by the reasonable design. Compared with the existing sand blasting gun provided with a single-hole air nozzle, the uniform and efficient suction sand blasting gun which has the basic structure and is designed by the method is capable of generating the same negative pressure under the same air injection flow condition, but the aperture of the sand blasting mixing nozzle is larger, the sand blasting flow of the sand blasting mixing nozzle is higher, and the velocity distribution and the density distribution in the sand blasting jet flow are more uniform, so that the sand blasting efficiency is obviously increased.
Description
This patent relates to the suction-type sand-blasting gun of particular design.Can be applicable to the technical fields such as sandblast, shot-peening and mass transport.
Suction-type sand-blasting gun is to adopt venturi-type eductors principle, utilizes the high-speed gas jet generation underbalance effect of air nozzle ejection that sand material is drawn in sand-blasting gun (injector) by inhaling sand mouth, then forms sandblast acting jet by sandblast combining nozzle.The geometry of air nozzle and sandblast combining nozzle and relative position have a direct impact pneumatic sand blasting process and effect.Though the inside and outside shape of a large amount of suction-type sand-blasting guns that use is different, all by four essential parts such as suction sand mouth of installing on air nozzle, sandblast combining nozzle, the sealing body of a gun and the body of a gun, formed.
The suction-type sand-blasting gun of prior art adopts two kinds of conventional air nozzle forms, and a kind of is conventional center single hole air nozzle form, and another kind is the circumferential weld air nozzle form (ZL03279845.8) that coaxial suction type sand-blasting gun adopts.Adopt the sand-blasting gun of above two kinds of air nozzles still to show in actual use weak point.Be mainly manifested in sand grains speed and sand grains Density inhomogeneity in jet, the eccentric wear of sandblast combining nozzle is serious, sandblast inefficiency etc.
High-speed gas jet boundary layer produces negative pressure and is the groundwork mechanism of gas ejector and suction-type sand-blasting gun to inhaling the effect of entrainmenting of sand material and γ-ray emission, the impact that the size in boundary layer and structure can produce essence to sandblast jet performance.In prior art, the air nozzle of sand-blasting gun generally adopts center single hole air nozzle.The key that ensures sandblast efficiency is the inner generation of the sandblast body of a gun or obtains higher negative pressure.So, suction-type sand-blasting gun design main points are: the expansion air horn of jet (initial half angle of flare of the single hole jet conventionally recording equals to be less than 2 degree) boundary layer must contact with sandblast combining nozzle inwall, make jet fill up inner diameter volume in certain section of interval of sandblast combining nozzle inside, thereby keep the one-way of jet to guarantee the higher vacuum of the inner acquisition of the body of a gun.This just means the restricting relation of the geometric element such as Existential Space position and caliber size between air nozzle and sandblast combining nozzle.The air nozzle sand-blasting gun of prior art generally adopts single hole air nozzle, is limited by the restricting relation of geometric element, and sandblast combining nozzle bore is generally less.Sandblast combining nozzle bore be can not decontrol, suction sand (sandblast) flow and sandblast efficiency also just limited.Another problem that the sand-blasting gun of prior art exists is, from inhale sand flow that sand mouth sucks when entering jet combining nozzle in eccentric state.And single hole jet is simple in structure, the energy of jet fully cannot be passed to by injection sand flow and air-flow.There is inhomogeneities in granule VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION and the sand grains Density Distribution of the sandblast jet inside of this sand-blasting gun ejection.This inhomogeneities affects the uniformity of sand blasted surface quality on the one hand, causes on the other hand the eccentric wear of sandblast combining nozzle.Aerodynamic parameter variation has been accelerated in eccentric wear, is easy to cause the fluctuation of different period sandblast quality.So the problem that the sand-blasting gun of existing single hole jet exists has: 1) be subject to the restriction of " suction-type sand-blasting gun design main points ", the sandblast combining nozzle bore of the suction-type sand-blasting gun of employing single hole air nozzle is generally less, and sandblast flow and sandblast efficiency are lower; 2) inhaled sand flow and enter jet and have asymmetry, there is obvious non-uniform phenomenon in sand grains speed and the density of sandblast jet inside, affects surface of the work sandblast quality uniformity; 3) inhomogeneities of the inner sand grains speed of sandblast jet and density has been accelerated the eccentric wear of sandblast combining nozzle, easily causes the sandblast quality of different periods to occur fluctuation.
Coaxial suction type sand-blasting gun adopts circumferential weld air nozzle form (ZL03279845.8).The jet spraying due to circumferential weld air nozzle has the property of converging and closure, after amplify in sandblast combining nozzle larynx footpath, this sand-blasting gun still can obtain larger negative pressure, and sand grains speed and the density of the sandblast jet inside of suction sand flow formation are more even, the flow of sandblast jet and sandblast efficiency also increase.But circumferential weld jet is film-form jet, energy is not as the concentration of energy of the circular section jet of circular hole mouth ejection, and the sand grains speed of acquisition decreases, and has still to a certain degree limited the raising of sandblast efficiency.
The object of this patent is: with improved porous air nozzle, replace the existing single hole air nozzle of suction-type sand-blasting gun, the technological merit of reservation center single hole air nozzle and circumferential weld air nozzle, overcome their deficiency simultaneously, seek further to improve sandblast uniformity, uniformity and the sandblast efficiency of suction-type sand-blasting gun.
This patent, by the basis of suction-type sand-blasting gun basic structure that discloses this uniform high-efficiency, has further been set forth the method for designing of this sand-blasting gun.
The object of this patent is achieved in that on the basis of the suction-type sand-blasting gun of prior art, changes former single hole air nozzle into porous air nozzle.The shape of these fumaroles is identical, and the sandblast combining nozzle axis of take is uniformly distributed and each fumarole axis is parallel to sandblast combining nozzle axis as core.By shorter contraction section, longer column interlude and longer low-angle expansion segment, formed successively with the sandblast combining nozzle of air nozzle matching design.The cross sectional shape of sandblast combining nozzle is also consistent with the pore size distribution shape of air nozzle.Such design philosophy is deferred in design like this: from the horn-like jet of a plurality of expansions of porous air nozzle ejection, converge and be naturally mixed into a jet in the column interlude inside of sandblast combining nozzle.Before jet is synthetic, a plurality of independently jets exist larger area to entrainment surface, and the surface of solids that the overwhelming majority is entrainmented in structure discord sandblast combining nozzle comes in contact, but fusion intersected with each other.By setting up rational geometrical relationship, can force the periphery sides interlayer of synthetic jet and sandblast combining nozzle solid inwall to contact, make synthetic jet " fill up " the column interlude of sandblast combining nozzle.
The sand-blasting gun design philosophy of this porous air nozzle still meets " the design main points of suction-type sand-blasting gun " that propose above.
Compare with single jet sand-blasting gun, the suction-type sand-blasting gun of the uniform high-efficiency that this patent relates to has following features:
1) before synthesizing unified jet, there is more large-area jet boundary layer, be conducive to increase sand material amount and the throughput being attracted;
2) multiply jet boundary layer is in contact with one another and merges each other in the radial space of sandblast combining nozzle column interlude, and a jet boundary layer of single hole air nozzle ejection only contacts with the surface of solids of sandblast combining nozzle inwall.In two kinds of jet structures, suck the process that sand material is mixed into sandblast jet, the former mainly occurs in the middle of the inner diameter volume of sandblast combining nozzle column interlude, and the latter mainly occurs in the inner peripheral wall of sandblast combining nozzle.Be not difficult to find out, multiply jet structure is more conducive to the abundant exchange of energy, is conducive to sand grains speed and density and is uniformly distributed in mixed sandblast jet, is conducive to form the sandblast jet that uniformity is better, speed is higher;
3) jet being mixed by a plurality of independent jets has larger sectional area, is conducive at same air consumption and produces under same negative pressure prerequisite amplify sandblast combining nozzle bore, is conducive to improve sandblast flow and sandblast efficiency;
4) owing to attracting sand material major part to occur in radial space, sandblast jet medium sand granule density is more even, and single hole air nozzle sand-blasting gun attracts sand material mainly to occur in blast nozzle inwall.So under the effect of porous air nozzle, the sand grains quantity that participates in collision and wash away sandblast combining nozzle annular inner wall will reduce, erosive wear degree along sandblast combining nozzle periphery is also tending towards evenly, and eccentric wear phenomenon is alleviated, and the sandblast combining nozzle life-span is extended;
5), along with sandblast combining nozzle eccentric wear phenomenon reduces, the corresponding minimizing of aerodynamic parameter fluctuation between sandblast combining nozzle total life cycle, is conducive to improve the uniformity of different time sections sandblast quality.
The suction-type sand-blasting gun basic structure of uniform high-efficiency is when deferring to " the design main points of suction-type sand-blasting gun ".In order to make full use of the initial kinetic energy of jet, sand-blasting gun inside dimension and structure must be around jet compact design.
Specific design method is described below:
1) the horn-like jet of expansion that air nozzle sprays converges crossing occurrence positions each other should be at the column interlude of sandblast combining nozzle.According to high-pressure jet jet initial expansion half-angle, be less than or equal to 2 degree and carry out physical dimension design;
2) for guaranteeing when blasted sand has higher speed, to reserve the space of entrainmenting sand flow.Axial distance between air nozzle and sandblast combining nozzle should be slightly larger than the bore of the column interlude of sandblast combining nozzle, but is less than 2 times of this bore;
3) between the adjacent holes of porous air nozzle, distance is not affecting under the angle of throat of fumarole and the prerequisite of angle of flare processing, as far as possible compact.Should not be greater than in principle 3 times of air nozzle larynx footpath;
4) for guaranteeing to produce higher negative pressure, the outer side edges interlayer of the horn-like jet of expansion spraying from peripheral circular hole air nozzle must contact with the column interlude inner surface of sandblast combining nozzle.For this reason, the spacing of the peripheral spray orifice of porous air nozzle and sandblast combining nozzle column interlude inner surface should be not more than 3 times of jet pore throat footpath;
5) sandblast combining nozzle shrinks entrance by short wide-angle, and longer column interlude section and longer low-angle expansion segment form.According to " suction-type sand-blasting gun design main points ", that sandblast combining nozzle entrance adopts is shorter, shrink the contraction section design that half-angle is greater than 30 degree, and contraction section axial length is not more than small end bore (column interlude diameter) size conventionally;
6) sandblast combining nozzle adopts longer column interlude, to guarantee that mixed sandblast jet fills up the inner space of sandblast mixing tube.So, adopt longer column interlude design, but the ratio of length and bore should not be greater than 6;
7) sandblast combining nozzle adopts the outlet section of longer low-angle expansion, and object is further expansion and the acceleration that coordinates mixed sandblast jet, and loss effectively reduces friction.The expansion half-angle of expansion segment is relevant with the jet synthesizing jet-flow angle of flare, is generally not more than 3 degree.The ratio of expansion segment length and column interlude bore is also not more than 6.
The single hole air nozzle of commercial blast rifle is resolved into the air nozzle of a plurality of smaller aperture due, at equivalent bore and air consumption when basic identical, the internal diameter area of the column interlude of the sandblast combining nozzle of design certainly will obviously increase, and the negative pressure obtaining is not less than commercial blast rifle.Such result is conducive to improve the uniformity consistency of sandblast flow and sand grains speed and jet inner parameter.
The uniform high-efficiency suction-type sand-blasting gun that this patent relates to has improved sandblast mechanism and sandblast effect from following several respects:
1) jet has still retained the advantage of circular section jet concentration of energy.
2) multiply jet increased with by the contact interface of injection air-flow, boundary layer representative section area is about single hole jet
doubly, (n is fumarole quantity)
3) sandblast combining nozzle wide-angle is shunk the gouging abrasion that entrance is conducive to reduce sand material and sandblast combining nozzle.
4) multiply jet converges and is full of the column interlude inner space of sandblast combining nozzle naturally, when increasing blast tube bore, still can keep high negative.And in using the sand-blasting gun of single hole air nozzle, if expand sandblast combining nozzle bore, attempting to improve sandblast flow can affect negative pressure, just must reduce sandblast combining nozzle bore and will improve negative pressure.Use porous air nozzle to be successfully in harmonious proportion this to contradiction.
5) multiply jet, in naturally the converging of sandblast combining nozzle inner space, is conducive to abundant exchange and the transmission of Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid energy, has improved the uniformity of the inner sand grains speed of sandblast jet and Density Distribution.This has not only improved sandblast efficiency, has also effectively alleviated the eccentric wear of sandblast combining nozzle.Not only extend the service life of sandblast combining nozzle, also improved stability and the uniformity of sandblast quality on room and time.
6) the multiply jet naturally converging further accelerates in sandblast combining nozzle low-angle expansion segment, is conducive to improve sand grains speed, and inner pneumatic energy loss is corresponding reducing also.
The concrete structure of this patent is further illustrated by following embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the embodiment that adopts the suction-type sand-blasting gun of this patent basic structure.Seven apertures in the human head air nozzle and other supporting design that it has adopted even circumferential to distribute.
The suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency is by porous air nozzle (1), sandblast combining nozzle (2), the body of a gun (3) and inhale sand mouth (4) and form.In this example, gases at high pressure, after 7 hole air nozzles (1), produce 7 independently jets in the sand-blasting gun body of a gun (3) inside.The sandblast combining nozzle in the place ahead consists of contraction section (5), column interlude (6) and expansion segment (7).The jet with the little angle of flare of nature independent of each other is merged into as synthetic jet naturally in column interlude (6) inside of sandblast combining nozzle.Peripheral air and sand flow are drawn between 7 bursts of independent jet boundary layers from the suction sand mouth (4) of the sandblast body of a gun (3), and are introduced in the middle of synthetic jet, form sandblast jet.Sufficient energy exchange is carried out in the sandblast jet inside that sand flow and high velocity air converge formation at column interlude (6), at expansion segment (7), further accelerates.Final sand grains speed and the more uniform higher sandblast jet of speed of Density Distribution of obtaining.
Claims (10)
1. a suction-type sand-blasting gun for uniform high-efficiency, is characterized in that suction-type sand-blasting gun by specially designed porous air nozzle, sandblast combining nozzle, the body of a gun and is arranged on suction sand mouth on the body of a gun etc. forming.
2. the suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that specially designed porous air nozzle is the porous air nozzle that shape is identical, be uniformly distributed and be parallel to a plurality of fumaroles compositions of this axis around sandblast combining nozzle axis.
3. the suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency according to claim 1, the adjacent fumarole spacing that it is characterized in that porous air nozzle is not more than 3 times of jet pore throat footpath.
4. the suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that sandblast combining nozzle shrinks entrance by shorter wide-angle, and longer column interlude and longer low-angle expansion segment form.
5. the suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that the cross sectional shape of sandblast combining nozzle and fumarole spread geometry are consistent.
6. the suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the peripheral fumarole Kong center of porous air nozzle and the distance between sandblast combining nozzle column interlude inner surface are not more than 3 times of air nozzle larynx footpath, to guarantee that outside, the horn-like jet of expansion boundary layer and the sandblast combining nozzle column interlude inner surface of peripheral circular hole air nozzle ejection contacts, thereby guarantee that synthetic jet is full of the inner diameter volume of sandblast combining nozzle column interlude.
7. the suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that the axial spacing between porous air nozzle and sandblast combining nozzle is greater than 1 times of sandblast combining nozzle column interlude bore, but is less than 2 times.
8. the suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that sandblast combining nozzle entrance shrinks half-angle and is greater than 30 degree, and contraction section axial length is less than the caliber size of column interlude.
9. the column interlude length of sandblast combining nozzle and the ratio of bore should be less than or equal to 6, to guarantee that multiply jet is merged into as one synthesizing jet-flow naturally at column interlude, and are full of inner diameter volume.
10. the suction-type sand-blasting gun of uniform high-efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that the expansion segment length of sandblast combining nozzle and the ratio of column interlude bore are less than or equal to 6, and expansion half-angle is not more than 3 degree.
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| CN201410288796.5A CN104070460A (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2014-06-24 | Basic structure and design method of uniform and efficient suction sand blasting gun |
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| CN201410288796.5A CN104070460A (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2014-06-24 | Basic structure and design method of uniform and efficient suction sand blasting gun |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108312075A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of multiinjector Magnetorheological Jet Polishing device |
| CN115070625A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-09-20 | 杭州新坐标科技股份有限公司 | Sand blasting gun with special-shaped nozzle |
-
2014
- 2014-06-24 CN CN201410288796.5A patent/CN104070460A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108312075A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of multiinjector Magnetorheological Jet Polishing device |
| CN115070625A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-09-20 | 杭州新坐标科技股份有限公司 | Sand blasting gun with special-shaped nozzle |
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Application publication date: 20141001 |