CN104057063B - A kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture of processing thin-walled part and using method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture of processing thin-walled part and using method thereof Download PDF

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CN104057063B
CN104057063B CN201410219829.0A CN201410219829A CN104057063B CN 104057063 B CN104057063 B CN 104057063B CN 201410219829 A CN201410219829 A CN 201410219829A CN 104057063 B CN104057063 B CN 104057063B
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low
melting alloy
lifting pin
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CN104057063A (en
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张光伟
董川
赵养智
魏广生
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Xi'an Xae Flying Aviation Manufacturing Technology Co ltd
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Xi'an Xae Flying Aviation Manufacturing Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture and using method thereof of processing thin-walled part.It increases the rigidity in part process, makes that part efficiency in working angles is high, steady quality; Its compact conformation, location is reliable, convenient to operation.The technical solution used in the present invention is for comprising base, base upper surface is provided with sub-module one and sub-module two, the openend of sub-module one and the openend of sub-module two are oppositely arranged, the both sides upper surface of sub-module two is respectively arranged with withstanding tight block one, withstanding tight block one is provided with the tight lifting pin one perpendicular with it, the upper surface center of sub-module two is provided with the positioning supports of locating piece one and " Z " type, the external part of positioning supports upper surface is provided with locating piece two, sub-module one is provided with withstanding tight block two, on withstanding tight block two, relative positioning block one is provided with tight lifting pin two, sub-module two opposite side is provided with supporting seat, supporting seat is connected by axle with sub-module two, the arranged outside of axle has dwang.

Description

A kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture of processing thin-walled part and using method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture and using method thereof of processing thin-walled part.
Background technology
The parts of aircraft engine require lightweight, and intensity is good, and precision is high.Current engine part majority adopts high-temperature alloy material, and part wall thickness is more and more thinner, and the accuracy of manufacture is all within 0.01mm.
Thin-walled parts is a very crucial important class part in aerial motor spare part.Thin-walled parts manufacturing effort accounts for about 10% of complete machine manufacturing effort.Thin-walled parts is most complex-shaped irregular, and have very big-difference with common parts, material cutting ability is poor in addition, so, be a more unmanageable class part.
Parts of thin-wall casing adds man-hour under the effect of cutting force, easily cause thermal deformation, generation vibration and residual stress cause distortion, affect the dimensional accuracy of workpiece, positional precision and surface roughness, the wall thickness of this kind of part and its length, wide, high size is compared, differ greatly, poor rigidity, yielding, add and there will be the cutter that shakes man-hour, part play, the situations such as cutter relieving, easily cause overproof scrapping, so, how to raise the efficiency with machining accuracy in parts of thin-wall casing processing is the target that every country is competitively chased, rational clamping parts becomes the key improving crudy and efficiency.
one, improved the stiff problem of wall thin walled shell part work in-process by casting low-melting alloy, sn-bi alloy fusing point only has 58-160 DEG C, has good mobility after heat fusing.
Various problem can be run into during processing thin-walled part, address these problems just must be different according to it feature, find out weak link, select different processes and clamping means to ensure processing request.
1, the design basis of parts of thin-wall casing is not face on part or circle usually, but relatively independent point, if Set and Positioning is according to unifying datum principle, design basis and machining benchmark are overlapped, location is gone to datum mark on part, reliability of positioning can reduce, and fixture manufacture difficulty increases, and workman is length consuming time when clamping parts.
2, the inner die cavity of parts of thin-wall casing causes poor rigidity greatly, usually go wrong when these positions of milling and be: when milling cutter milling is to cavity portion, due to cavity portion poor rigidity, the housing back shrinkage when being subject to cutting force, the Tool in Cutting degree of depth is given to 0.5mm, and part change in size after milling cutter milling is crossed only has 0.1mm or less; And 0.5mm is cut at the position of good rigidly, size actual change is exactly 0.5mm.Result is exactly that the portion size of good rigidly is overproof, and the spot size of poor rigidity is also less than, and part qualification rate is low.
3, parts of thin-wall casing working (machining) efficiency is low is the inner widespread consensus of industry, wants to raise the efficiency and must strengthen cutting output and cutting speed, but along with machined parameters change part machining state unstable, the phenomenon such as generally occur it being cutter relieving, the cutter that shakes, change in size are large.
two, parts fixation is the key factor affecting crudy and efficiency
Cast housing part is a very crucial important class part in aerial motor spare part.Parts of thin-wall casing is most complex-shaped irregular, very big-difference is had with common parts, the special character outer surface that to be the design basis of mo(u)lded piece be not at part but on special several points, these points are likely certain points on 1 facet or face, by very little face or theoretic several point location (see part woollen figure and photo), make to add man-hour parts fixation and compression become difficulty, bring a lot of uncertainty to process.In addition material cutting ability is poor, so, be a more unmanageable class part.
The processing of cast superalloy parts of thin-wall casing is under the effect of cutting force, thermal deformation, generation vibration and residual stress is easily caused to cause distortion, affect the dimensional accuracy of workpiece, positional precision and surface roughness, differ greatly, rigidity is poor, yielding, add and there will be the situation such as the cutter that shakes, part play man-hour, easily cause overproof scrapping, so, how to raise the efficiency with surface integrity in parts of thin-wall casing processing is the target that every country is competitively chased, and rational clamping parts becomes the key improving crudy and efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve the weak point in above-mentioned background technology, provides a kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture and using method thereof of processing thin-walled part, and it increases the rigidity in part process, makes that part efficiency in working angles is higher, quality is more stable; The clamp structure of newly-designed inverting reference is compact, and location is reliable, convenient to operation; Member cavity part improves in casting low-melting alloy aft-loaded airfoil efficiency, and surface integrity gets a promotion, and is reclaimed after the low-melting alloy processing of casting by heating for dissolving, with low cost.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture of processing thin-walled part, it is characterized in that: comprise base, base upper surface is provided with sub-module one and sub-module two, the shape of cross section of described sub-module one is "Ji" type, the shape of cross section of described sub-module two is " M " type, the openend of sub-module one and the openend of sub-module two are oppositely arranged and are connected by screw, the both sides upper surface of described sub-module two is respectively arranged with withstanding tight block one, withstanding tight block one is provided with the tight lifting pin one perpendicular with it, the upper surface center of described sub-module two is provided with the positioning supports of locating piece one and " Z " type by screw, the external part of positioning supports upper surface is provided with locating piece two, described sub-module one is provided with withstanding tight block two, on withstanding tight block two, relative positioning block one is provided with tight lifting pin two, described sub-module two opposite side is provided with supporting seat, supporting seat is connected by axle with sub-module two, the arranged outside of axle has dwang.
The both sides of described base are respectively arranged with handle.
Described locating piece two is connected with positioning supports by pin.
A kind of using method of low-melting alloy casting fixture of processing thin-walled part: it is characterized in that:
1) part blank is determined by A1, A2, A33 datum mark according to X-direction, Y-direction is determined by B1, B22 datum mark, Z-direction is by the order of C11 datum mark determination anchor point, datum mark A2 and A3 towards under put and be close to base, datum mark B1 is adjacent to sub-module two inwall, then use tight lifting pin one and tight lifting pin two to hold out against part blank, prevent part play;
2) low-melting alloy is cast to flushing with sub-module one and sub-module two;
3) after low-melting alloy cooling, unclamp tight lifting pin one, tight lifting pin two and screw, by dwang and axle, sub-module one is pulled out, sub-module one and sub-module two are separated, the blank part after casting is taken out.
Described casting low-melting alloy is sn-bi alloy.
Compared with prior art, the advantage that has of the present invention and effect as follows:
1, be transformed on the larger process area of area by several point by the design basis of parts of thin-wall casing blank, be convenient to parts fixation and compression, the clamping time saves more than 80% compared with existing structure fixture, and clamping stability is greatly improved;
2, after low-melting-point metal filling being carried out to the re-entrant portion of parts of thin-wall casing blank poor rigidity, improve the part rigidity that part adds man-hour, thus realize the cutting of large surplus, compared with prior art working (machining) efficiency promotes more than 100%, and the quality of processing rear surface can reach 1.6 μm, and prior art can only reach 6.3 μm.
3, post-processed is carried out to the part blank after processing, the low-melting alloy of filling is dissolved at low temperatures, low-melting alloy after dissolving carries out recovery to be convenient to reuse, cut down finished cost, after compared with prior art adding the front heating for dissolving of low-melting alloy cast and processing, dissolve the electricity charge of alloy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is part blank figure;
Fig. 6 is the top view of part blank;
Fig. 7 is the finished part figure after the present invention processes;
Fig. 8 is the front view of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the top view of Fig. 7;
Figure 10 is the side view of Fig. 7;
1-base, 2-handle, 3-tight lifting pin one, 4-withstanding tight block one, 5-positioning supports, 6-locating piece one, 7-supporting seat, 8-axle, 9-dwang, 10-screw one, 11-screw two, 12-rotate packing ring, 13-sub-module one, 14-sub-module two, 15-alignment pin, 16-tight lifting pin two, 17-nut, 18-locating piece two, 19-withstanding tight block two, 20-groove, 21-face 1,22-face 2,23-face 3,24-face 4,25-face 5,26-face 6.
detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail:
See Fig. 1-Fig. 4: a kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture of processing thin-walled part, comprise base 1, base 1 upper surface is provided with sub-module 1 and sub-module 2 14, the shape of cross section of described sub-module 1 is "Ji" type, the shape of cross section of described sub-module 2 14 is " M " type, the openend of sub-module 1 is oppositely arranged with the openend of sub-module 2 14 and is connected with screw 2 11 by screw 1, described screw 1 and be provided with between screw 2 11 and sub-module 1 and rotate packing ring 12, the both sides upper surface of described sub-module 2 14 is respectively arranged with withstanding tight block 1, withstanding tight block 1 is provided with the tight lifting pin one 3 perpendicular with it, the upper surface center of described sub-module 2 14 is provided with the positioning supports 5 of locating piece 1 and " Z " type by screw, the external part of positioning supports 5 upper surface is provided with locating piece 2 18, described sub-module 1 is provided with withstanding tight block 2 19, on withstanding tight block 2 19, relative positioning block 1 is provided with tight lifting pin 2 16, described sub-module 2 14 opposite side is provided with supporting seat 7, supporting seat 7 is connected by axle 8 with sub-module 2 14, axle 8 is provided with nut 17, nut 17 is arranged on the axle 8 between supporting seat 7 and sub-module 2 14, the arranged outside of axle 8 has dwang 9.
Described locating piece 1, positioning supports 5 are same as alignment pin 15 be respectively connected with sub-module 1 and sub-module 2 14.
The both sides of described base 1 are respectively arranged with handle 2.
Described locating piece 2 18 is connected with positioning supports 5 by pin.
A kind of step of using method of low-melting alloy casting fixture of processing thin-walled part is:
1), part blank is determined by A1, A2, A33 datum mark according to X-direction, Y-direction is determined by B1, B22 datum mark, Z-direction is by the order of C11 datum mark determination anchor point, datum mark A2 and A3 towards under put and be close to base 1, datum mark B1 is adjacent to sub-module 2 14 inwall, then use tight lifting pin 1 and tight lifting pin 2 16 to hold out against part blank, prevent part play;
2) low-melting alloy, is cast to flushing with sub-module 1 and sub-module 2 14;
3), after low-melting alloy cooling, unclamp tight lifting pin 1, tight lifting pin 2 16 and screw 11, by dwang 9 and turning cylinder 8, sub-module 1 is pulled out, sub-module 1 and sub-module 2 14 points are opened, the blank part after casting is taken out.
Described casting low-melting alloy is sn-bi alloy.
Embodiment:
See Fig. 5-Figure 10 be processing after finished figure; (high temperature alloy cast housing part drawing)
One, the part operating process and casting fixture of the present invention that adopt this invention processing are described:
Fig. 7 fabricated part is high temperature alloy cast housing part, and material INCOL718, specification 223mm × 147mm × 285mm, after Milling Machining, part thinnest part is about 3mm.As can be seen from the figure part is determined by A1, A2, A33 datum mark in X-direction; Y-direction is determined by B1, B22 datum mark; Z-direction is determined by C11 datum mark.
Part blank design basis 6, three directions datum mark is transferred on false boss by fixture of the present invention and casting low-melting alloy.
The operation instruction of transfer benchmark casting fixture:
Design basis X-direction benchmark A of the present invention, Y-direction benchmark B, Z-direction benchmark C, three benchmark are mutually vertical.
Fixture upper bed-plate 1 of the present invention, locating piece 2 18 and part blank design basis A1, A2, A3 coordinate; On fixture, design basis B1, B2 of locating piece 18, sub-module 2 14 and part blank coordinates; On fixture, on locating piece 1 and part blank, design basis C1 coordinates, and holds out against part blank ensure that on fixture, on each locating piece 1, locating piece 2 18, base 1, sub-module 14 and part blank, datum mark realizes blind-mate by tight lifting pin 1, tight lifting pin 2 16.
Fixture upper bed-plate 1 of the present invention, locating piece 2 18 and fixture datum A depth of parallelism 0.01mm, and the size between A benchmark to show that the structure of part blank and all the other 2 direction sizes fixed select principle the same; Locating piece 2 18, sub-module 2 14 fixture datum B depth of parallelism 0.01mm on fixture; Locating piece 1 fixture datum C depth of parallelism 0.01mm on fixture.By the locating piece 1 on fixture of the present invention, locating piece 2 18, base 1, sub-module 14 by the Reference Transforming of 6 some positions on part blank on design basis A, B, C of fixture.
Have a position in the bottom of fixture upper surface of the present invention at casting process platform groove 20 place, surface, six, this place forms strict form and position tolerance in X, Y, Z tri-directions and jig Design benchmark A, B, C equally, and roughness is lower than 0.8 ц m.Low-melting alloy is filled into this position by the present invention, and will obtain the metal coupling outside two housings after alloy cooling, the present invention is referred to as false boss.
Six faces (see Fig. 3) and the jig Design benchmark of the present invention of above-mentioned casting process platform groove retrain, as long as ensure the mobility of alloy in alloy casting process, after casting, obtain six all sizes in face that process area can copy casting process platform groove completely.Push away forward the relative position of design basis A, B, C of just replicating fixture → replicate six alignment pin relative sizes → replicate six datum mark points on part again.
After having had process area, the clamping of part and location have become simply, only process area six faces and fraise jig reasonably need be put and are compressed and just can carry out machining.
Two, low-melting alloy filling is carried out to part poor rigidity position
For chamber portion does not have intensity in the middle of this housing part blank, add and more surely there will be the problem such as cutter relieving, knife man-hour, in order to address this problem, the mode that the present invention takes is to chamber portion filling low-melting alloy.The metal material that this part blank is selected when Selective filling metal is sn-bi alloy, because sn-bi alloy fusing point only has 58 DEG C-160 DEG C, has good mobility after heat fusing, and the physical characteristic of part blank can not be caused to change.
Because the example of the part blank adopting the cast of low melting point tin bismuth alloy fixing is few, practical experience is fewer, and through repeatedly proportioning test, the filling low-melting alloy formula rate of this part blank is as follows:
Antimony (Sb) 9%; Plumbous (Pb) 28.5%; Bismuth (Bi) 48%; Tin (Sn) 14.5%; Fusing point 120 DEG C.
Because cast alloy, originally thin-wall case has been linked to be one, and the rigidity of part blank strengthens widely.In this case processing parts blank just give no thought to part processing after resilience and Stress Release.
Utilize the process area location of casting out that part blank is put into fraise jig, pressing plate pressing process platform top, milling is carried out to the surface that the needs of part blank are processed, because there has been process area location, the filling of low-melting alloy metal has been carried out in part blank inside simultaneously, milling process becomes brisk, and working (machining) efficiency and piece surface integrality improve.By improving, each feed cutting depth brings up to more than 2mm by 0.1mm; Cutting speed brought up to 30mm/ minute by 5mm/ minute.Qualitative leap has been there is from working (machining) efficiency.Dimensionally stable in crudy, originally added and has man-hour the knife mark road that shakes no longer to exist, and existing Part Surface Roughness after processing reaches or close to 1.6 μm.
three, the part processing of environmental protection, low cost is realized
Antimony (Sb); Plumbous (Pb); Bismuth (Bi); Tin (Sn) fusing point is low, does not have toxic gas to discharge after heating for dissolving, without the need to increasing dust discharge retracting device in addition; After process finishing, the low-melting alloy of fabricated part and filling is put into 150 DEG C of dry pots in the lump to heat, in dry pot, liquid state is dissolved into after low-melting alloy heating, and the material of fabricated part own is high temperature alloy, under 150 DEG C of environment, interior tissue and external stress all can not change, after casting metals dissolves completely, just can obtain qualified fabricated part.And the low-melting alloy after dissolving can carry out subsequent parts processing, achieve low cost operation, be convenient to batch production.

Claims (5)

1. the low-melting alloy casting fixture of a processing thin-walled part, it is characterized in that: comprise base (1), base (1) upper surface is provided with sub-module one (13) and sub-module two (14), the shape of cross section of described sub-module one (13) is "Ji" type, the shape of cross section of described sub-module two (14) is " M " type, the openend of sub-module one (13) and the openend of sub-module two (14) are oppositely arranged and are connected by screw, the both sides upper surface of described sub-module two (14) is respectively arranged with withstanding tight block one (4), withstanding tight block one (4) is provided with the tight lifting pin one (3) perpendicular with it, the upper surface center of described sub-module two (14) is provided with the positioning supports (5) of locating piece one (6) and " Z " type by screw, the external part of positioning supports (5) upper surface is provided with locating piece two (18), described sub-module one (13) is provided with withstanding tight block two (19), the upper relative positioning block one (6) of withstanding tight block two (19) is provided with tight lifting pin two (16), described sub-module two (14) opposite side is provided with supporting seat (7), supporting seat (7) is connected by axle (8) with sub-module two (14), the arranged outside of axle (8) has dwang (9).
2. the low-melting alloy casting fixture of a kind of processing thin-walled part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the both sides of described base (1) are respectively arranged with handle (2).
3. the low-melting alloy casting fixture of a kind of processing thin-walled part according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described locating piece two (18) is connected with positioning supports (5) by pin.
4. the using method of the low-melting alloy casting fixture of a kind of processing thin-walled part according to claim 1: it is characterized in that:
1) part blank is determined by A1, A2, A33 datum mark according to X-direction, Y-direction is determined by B1, B22 datum mark, Z-direction is by the order of C11 datum mark determination anchor point, datum mark A2 and A3 towards under put and be close to base (1), datum mark B1 is adjacent to sub-module two (14) inwall, then use tight lifting pin one (3) and tight lifting pin two (16) to hold out against part blank, prevent part play;
2) low-melting alloy is cast to flushing with sub-module one (13) and sub-module two (14);
3) after low-melting alloy cooling, unclamp tight lifting pin one (3), tight lifting pin two (16) and screw two (11), by dwang (9) and axle (8), sub-module one (13) is pulled out, sub-module one (13) and sub-module two (14) are separated, the blank part after casting is taken out.
5. the using method of the low-melting alloy casting fixture of a kind of processing thin-walled part according to claim 4: it is characterized in that: described casting low-melting alloy is sn-bi alloy.
CN201410219829.0A 2014-05-23 2014-05-23 A kind of low-melting alloy casting fixture of processing thin-walled part and using method thereof Active CN104057063B (en)

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