CN104051030A - Passive core melt trapping system - Google Patents
Passive core melt trapping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104051030A CN104051030A CN201310421663.6A CN201310421663A CN104051030A CN 104051030 A CN104051030 A CN 104051030A CN 201310421663 A CN201310421663 A CN 201310421663A CN 104051030 A CN104051030 A CN 104051030A
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- fused mass
- core fused
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- material layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a passive core melt trapping system. The system includes a melt flow guiding device, a melt inclined retention guiding device and a melt accommodating device. The melt guiding device comprises: a flow guiding wall forming a container having a funnel structure; a flow guiding hole located in the bottom of the container; and a melting plug used for plugging the flow guiding hole and adapted to be melted in order to allow the flow of the core melt out of the flow guiding hole. The melt inclined retention guiding device comprises: an inclined flow guiding region; and a cooling water flow channel located below the inclined flow guiding region to cool the inclined flow guiding region, wherein one side of the inclined flow guiding region contacting with the core melt is provided with a flow guiding region sacrificial material layer. The inclined flow guiding region includes a plurality of vertical cooling water tubes connected with the cooling water channel, the plurality of vertical cooling water tubes are spaced apart from each other, and each of the vertical cooling water tubes extends to at least parts of the flow guiding material layer sacrificial material. The core melt flowing out from the flow guiding hole downward falls to one end of the inclined flow guiding region, and flows into the accommodating pool of the melt accommodating device along the inclined flow guiding region.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear plant severe accident relieving technical field, particularly relate to the major accident that causes reactor core melting under multiple extreme condition, ensure the do not overflow non-active reactor core fused mass trapping system on containment or burn through infiltration containment floor of reactor core fused mass.
Background technology
Fukushima, Japan nuclear power plant in 2011, under the impact of multiple extreme condition, causes station blackout to cause the major accident that reactor core damages, and has produced the damage sequence that a large amount of radiomaterials leak.After Fukushima accident, nuclear facility authorities have brought up to higher level for the prevention of major accident and the attention degree of mitigation strategy both at home and abroad.
Along with the further increase of nuclear power station core power, the safety allowance that departs from critical heat flux density is very limited, and there is very large uncertainty in the calculating of considering thermal load in the pressure vessel that the uncertainty of fusion pool configuration and the hot focus effect that fusion pool lamination causes bring, only rely on the cooling power that improves the outer cooling system of pressure vessel may cannot meet the requirement of reactor core fused mass delay (IVR) validity, have larger challenge or uncertainty thereby continue application reactor core fused mass (IVR) this severe accident relieving technology of being detained.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned realistic problem, in severe accident relieving measure, need the fully theory in conjunction with non-active long-term cooling reactor core fused mass, utilize under non-active reactor core catcher (Core Catcher) System Assurance major accident the reactor core fused mass containment of not overflowing, to form a set of mitigation strategy of avoiding a large amount of radiomaterials to leak, guarantee nuclear plant safety.
For overcoming or alleviate at least one aspect of shortcoming of the prior art, the present invention is proposed.
According to a first aspect of the invention, propose a kind of reactor core fused mass guiding device, having comprised: training wall, the container of formation funnel structure; Pod apertures, is positioned at the below of container; Melting plug, for stopping up described pod apertures, wherein: described melting plug is suitable for being allowed by described reactor core fused mass burn through reactor core fused mass to flow out pod apertures.
Favourable, the surface contacting with reactor core fused mass of described training wall is provided with training wall sacrificial material layer, and described training wall sacrificial material layer is by reacting and strengthen the mobility of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass.Further, described training wall sacrificial material layer is by reacting and reduce the temperature of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass.
Optionally, described training wall sacrificial material layer is selected from the one in following combined material: Fe
2o
3and SiO
2; Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe and SiO
2.
Optionally, described melting plug is selected from the one in following combined material: Fe
2o
3and SiO
2; Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe and SiO
2.
According to a further aspect in the invention, propose a kind of reactor pressure vessel assembly, having comprised: reactor pressure vessel; And be arranged on the above-mentioned reactor core fused mass guiding device under reactor pressure vessel, wherein, the gap between the inwall of described training wall and the outer wall of the bottom of described reactor pressure vessel forms reactor core fused mass spatial accommodation.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of reactor core fused mass and tilted to be detained guiding device, having comprised: inclination guiding region, reactor core fused mass is suitable for flowing to the other end based on gravity from one end of inclination guiding region; Cooling system, comprise cooling water tank and chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), described cooling water tank has upper opening and lower openings, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) is formed between described upper opening and described lower openings, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) comprises that the below that is positioned at described inclination guiding region is with the chilled water runner of cooling described inclination guiding region, wherein: described inclination guiding region is provided with guiding region sacrificial material layer with the side that described reactor core fused mass contacts, described guiding region sacrificial material layer is by reacting and strengthen the mobility of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass.
Favourable, described guiding region sacrificial material layer is by reacting and reduce the temperature of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass.
Optionally, described guiding region sacrificial material layer is selected from the one in following combined material: Fe
2o
3and SiO
2; Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe and SiO
2.
Optionally, described inclination guiding region comprises described guiding region sacrificial material layer, porous material layer, described chilled water runner, and three forms the three-decker stacking gradually, and described chilled water runner is carried chilled water to described porous material layer.Further alternative, described reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device and also comprises: multiple vertical cooling water pipes, described multiple vertical cooling water pipe is spaced apart from each other, and at least a portion of guiding region sacrificial material layer described in each vertical cooling water pipe extend through, a part of chilled water enters described vertical cooling water pipe from described chilled water runner.Favourable, the upper end of each vertical cooling water pipe is provided with pipe close, and described pipe close is suitable for being melted by described reactor core fused mass.
Optionally, described pipe close is selected from the one in following combined material: Fe
2o
3and SiO
2; Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe and SiO
2.
Described vertical cooling water pipe can be made up of MgO.
Optionally, above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained in guiding device, the lower end of at least one vertical cooling water pipe is fixed to described porous material layer, and described a part of chilled water enters described at least one vertical cooling water pipe from described chilled water runner through described porous material layer.
Optionally, above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained in guiding device: porous material layer described at least one vertical cooling water pipe extend through and directly join and communicate with described chilled water runner.
Optionally, described porous material layer is made up of MgO.
Above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device and also can comprise: cement basic layer, is arranged on the below of described three-decker; Protective material layer, is arranged between described cement basic layer and described three-decker, and the melting temperature of wherein said protective material layer is hot poor conductor higher than temperature and the described protective material layer of described reactor core fused mass.Favourable, described protective material layer is by ZrO
2make.
According to another aspect of the invention, propose a kind of reactor core fused mass storing apparatus, having comprised: pond; Hold pond, be placed in described pond, described in hold pond and be suitable for receiving from the reactor core fused mass of upstream; The chilled water water conservancy diversion runner of the outer wall surface in pond is held in encirclement, and described chilled water water conservancy diversion runner has the water inlet of the bottom that is positioned at chilled water water conservancy diversion runner and is positioned at the vapor collection portion on chilled water water conservancy diversion runner top, and described water inlet communicates with described pond; Condensation chamber, the outlet of described vapor collection portion communicates with described condensation chamber; The reflux tank that is positioned at described condensation chamber below, enters described reflux tank from the condensate water of condensation chamber, and the water of described reflux tank is controllably passed in described pond.
Optionally, described vapor collection portion holds the upper along arranging of pond around described, and a side at the outlet place of described vapor collection chamber is higher than a side relative with described outlet.Optionally, the outlet of vapor collection portion is communicated to reflux tank by return flow line; Jet chimney is incorporated into the steam that is incorporated into reflux tank from return flow line in condensation chamber, and the excessive chilled water in chilled water water conservancy diversion runner is back to reflux tank by described return flow line.
Optionally, described in, hold pond and also receive the chilled water from upstream; Described reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also comprises run-down pipe, and the chilled water holding in pond flow in described pond by described run-down pipe.
Optionally, above-mentioned reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also comprises: emergence compensating water case, described emergence compensating water case is controllably to moisturizing in described reflux tank.Favourable, in described condensation chamber, being provided with cooling coil, the two-port up and down of cooling coil is all passed in described emergence compensating water case.
Propose a kind of non-active reactor core fused mass trapping system also on the one hand according to of the present invention, having comprised: above-mentioned reactor core fused mass guiding device; Above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device; And above-mentioned reactor core fused mass storing apparatus, wherein: the reactor core fused mass flowing out from pod apertures drops to described one end of inclination guiding region; Reactor core fused mass holds in pond described in flowing to from the described other end of described inclination guiding region.
Optionally, described reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also comprises emergence compensating water case, and described emergence compensating water case is controllably to moisturizing in described reflux tank.Optionally, in described condensation chamber, be provided with cooling coil, the two-port up and down of cooling coil is all passed in described emergence compensating water case.Favourable, described cooling water tank, described reflux tank, described condensation chamber are positioned at containment; Described emergence compensating water case is positioned at outside described containment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is according to the schematic diagram of the non-active reactor core fused mass trapping system of one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the local amplification profile schematic diagram of the B part of the inclination guiding region of the non-active reactor core fused mass trapping system in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
1-2 describes the embodiment of exemplary of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.It is pointed out that the embodiment describing below with reference to accompanying drawing is exemplary, be intended to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, mainly formed by 5 subsystems according to the non-active reactor core fused mass trapping system that is applicable to nuclear power station of one exemplary embodiment of the present invention: (1) reactor core fused mass flow guide system 1; (2) reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained flow guide system 2; (3) reactor core fused mass holds cell system 3; (4) containment condensate return system 4; (5) emergency cooling water make-up system 5.
Reactor core fused mass flow guide system 1 be arranged on reactor pressure vessel 11 under, its outward appearance is the funnelform container being formed by training wall, and the each wall in inside of training wall and bottom (if existence) is equipped with the expendable material 12 for reducing reactor core fused mass 15 temperature and enhancing reactor core fused mass 15 mobility.Reactor core fused mass flow guide system bottom lowest part offers pod apertures 13 (pod apertures may occupy the whole bottom of described container), and pod apertures 13 use melting plugs 14 seal.
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of reactor core fused mass guiding device, comprising: training wall, the container of formation funnel structure; Pod apertures 13, is positioned at the below of container; Melting plug 14, for stopping up described pod apertures, wherein: described melting plug is suitable for being allowed by described reactor core fused mass burn through reactor core fused mass to flow out pod apertures.
In major accident situation, there is melting in reactor core, and pressure vessel 11 lost efficacy, and large amount temperature drops from pressure vessel 11 low heads up to the radioactivity reactor core fused mass 15 of about 3000K, is gathered in reactor core fused mass flow guide system 1 bottom of pressure vessel 11 bottoms.Do not make before the expendable material 12 of fused mass retention device inside and melting plug 14 melt at reactor core fused mass 15, reactor core fused mass 15 can effectively be collected; Along with being on the increase of reactor core fused mass 15, liberated heat melts the melting plug 14 of reactor core fused mass flow guide system 1 bottom.After melting plug 14 burn throughs, reactor core melting 15 things are fallen into lower area through pod apertures 13 under the effect of gravity, and the reactor core fused mass of mentioning below tilts to be detained on the inclination guiding region of flow guide system 2.
The present invention by arranging expendable material and funnel-form flow-guiding structure in reactor core fused mass flow guide system, greatly reduce the temperature of reactor core fused mass, strengthened reactor core smelt flow simultaneously, make reactor core fused mass after assemble reactor core fused mass flow guide system bottom, burn through melting plug, under the effect of gravity, fall into lower area, can slow down like this impact of fused mass to bottom device, ensure the security of system.
But, it is pointed out that expendable material 12 also can be set on the inwall of training wall, this can slow down the impact of fused mass to bottom device equally.In addition, expendable material is by reacting with reactor core fused mass, because the fluid that reaction generates contributes to reactor core smelt flow, thereby has increased the mobility of reactor core fused mass.Favourable or optional, expendable material, by reacting with reactor core fused mass, can reduce the temperature of reactor core fused mass.
Expendable material is selected from the one in following combined material: Fe
2o
3and SiO
2; Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe and SiO
2.
The material of the pipe close of manufacturing melting plug and mention is below selected from the one in following combined material: Fe
2o
3and SiO
2; Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2; Fe and SiO
2, be preferably Fe and SiO
2composition.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention has also proposed a kind of reactor pressure vessel assembly, comprising: reactor pressure vessel 11; And be arranged on the above-mentioned reactor core fused mass guiding device under reactor pressure vessel 11, wherein: the gap between the outer wall of the bottom of the inwall of described training wall and described reactor pressure vessel 11 forms reactor core fused mass spatial accommodation.
As shown in Fig. 1-2, reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained flow guide system 2 and comprises the inclination guiding region cooling water system that is arranged on the fused mass arresting device on A top, inclination guiding region and connects described fused mass arresting device.Wherein, fused mass arresting device comprises sacrificial material layer 21, vertical cooling water pipe 22, the porous material layer 23 that is arranged on device top and cooling water pipe 24 and the cement basic layer 25 that is arranged on bottom, inclination guiding region.Inclination guiding region cooling water system comprises the cooling water pipe 24, the backflow water pipe 27 of bottom, inclination guiding region and the cooling water tank 28 of connection cooling water pipe that are arranged on bottom, inclination guiding region.
Tilting to be detained in the structural design of guiding region, taking tool vertical cooling water pipe 22 at regular intervals to be evenly arranged in the middle of sacrificial material layer 21, its underpart respectively is porous material layer 23, chilled water runner 24, high temperature protection layer and cement basic layer 25.Fall into the starting stage of being detained inclination guiding region at reactor core fused mass 15, the sacrificial material layer 21 of arranging on surface, inclination guiding region is reacted with reactor core fused mass 15, reduce on the one hand the flowing velocity that reactor core fused mass 15 glides in dip plane, absorb on the other hand the heat of emitting of reactor core fused mass 15.Heat conducts to chilled water by sacrificial material layer 21 heat, and the upper and lower chilled water in inclination stagnant area exists certain density difference, produces thus driving force, impels chilled water to produce Natural Circulation, continuous cooling reactor core fused mass 15.Along with continuing that sacrificial material layer 21 is reacted with reactor core fused mass 15, when sacrificial material layer 21 thickness are down to after certain value, reactor core fused mass 15 under the condition of high temperature is by the pipe close (not shown) fusing on vertical cooling water pipe 22 tops, the chilled water of cooling water pipe inside is emerged from vertical cooling water pipe 22 tops through high porosity materials layer (being porous material layer) 23, and the top of carrying out reactor core fused mass 15 is cooling.Vertical cooling water pipe 22 and high porosity materials layer 23 all adopt fusing point to make up to the high heat-transfer performance MgO material of about 3125K, and the gap on inclination stagnant area between vertical cooling water pipe 22 can hold the fused mass of certain volume.High porosity materials layer 23 is in the situation that ensureing cooling effect, can also prevent upper pipeline destroy integrity time, its inner specific gap structure has the effect of being detained reactor core fused mass 15, ensures cooling water pipe 24 unimpeded of bottom, inclination guiding region, guarantees cooling effect.Between the cooling water pipe 24 bottom inclination guiding region and cement basic layer 25, be equipped with the ZrO of fusing point up to the low heat conductivity energy of about 2973K
2protective material, prevents reacting of under extreme case reactor core fused mass 15 and cement basic layer 25, plays protective barrier effect.
The setting that it is pointed out that vertical cooling water pipe 22 is only preferred, and its pipe close is also preferred.Vertical cooling water pipe 22 can directly be communicated to cooling water pipe 24, or arrives cooling water pipe 24 by porous material layer 23 indirect communication.The development length of vertical cooling water pipe 22 can change according to actual needs.
Therefore, the invention allows for a kind of reactor core fused mass and tilt to be detained guiding device, comprising: inclination guiding region A, reactor core fused mass is suitable for flowing to the other end based on gravity from one end of inclination guiding region, cooling system, comprise cooling water tank 28 and chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) (corresponding to cooling water pipe 24 and backflow water pipe 27), described cooling water tank has upper opening a and lower openings b, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) is formed between described upper opening and described lower openings, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) comprises that the below that is positioned at described inclination guiding region is with the chilled water runner of cooling described inclination guiding region (being cold water water pipe 24), wherein: the side that described inclination guiding region contacts with described reactor core fused mass is provided with guiding region sacrificial material layer (corresponding to expendable material 21), described guiding region sacrificial material layer is by reacting and strengthen the mobility of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass 15.Optionally, described inclination guiding region comprises described guiding region sacrificial material layer, porous material layer 23, described chilled water runner, and three forms the three-decker stacking gradually, and described chilled water runner is carried chilled water to described porous material layer.Optionally, reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device and also comprises multiple vertical cooling water pipes 22, described multiple vertical cooling water pipe 22 is spaced apart from each other, and at least a portion of guiding region sacrificial material layer described in each vertical cooling water pipe extend through, a part of chilled water enters described vertical cooling water pipe from described chilled water runner.The upper end of each vertical cooling water pipe can be provided with pipe close, and described pipe close is suitable for being melted by described reactor core fused mass.
It is that reactor core fused mass holds pond 31 that reactor core fused mass holds cell system 3 chief components, its inwall surrounding is segment shape, bottom is plane or dip plane or elliptical area, and outer wall surrounding is provided with chilled water water conservancy diversion runner 32, and chilled water water conservancy diversion runner 32 bottom central authorities is provided with cooling water inlet 33.Hold pond bottom cooling system and be provided with condensate return case 34 higher than holding pond bottom lowest part, be communicated with gravity water filling water conservancy diversion pipeline 35 and on-off valve 39 that condensate return case 34 and reactor core fused mass hold 31 bottoms, pond, hold the water conservancy diversion heat transfer zone 36 in pond, hold the cooling run-down pipe in top, pond 37 and be convenient to the reflux 38 that steam is discharged and excessive chilled water refluxes for carrying out reactor core fused mass around containing reactor core fused mass.
Reactor core holds pond 31 for approximate spheroid, can hold the reactor core fused mass 15 of about residual volume.Condensate return case 34 communicates with the bottom that reactor core holds pond 31, and while there is major accident situation, the valve 39 of condensate return case 34 bottoms receives trigger pip and opens, and chilled water holds pond 31 along the mobile reactor core that surrounds of gravity water filling water conservancy diversion pipeline 35.Reactor core holds pond 31 for double-deck outer wall construction, has certain gap between outer wall, and under the effect of reactor core fused mass 15 heats, the water of chilled water water conservancy diversion runner 32 is heated and becomes water vapor and move upward, and impels Natural Circulation constantly to produce.Reactor core holds 31 right sides, pond and divides steam accumulation area is set, and steam flow to containment condensate return system 4 by reflux pipeline 38.When reactor core holds the water level of pond 31 outer walls when too high, chilled water flow to condensate return case 34 with steam together with reflux 38.The chilled water that tilts to be detained flow guide system 2 from reactor core fused mass can flood the reactor core fused mass 15 that reactor core holds 31 inside, pond, and the top of carrying out fused mass is cooling, and unnecessary chilled water can turn back in water conservancy diversion heat transfer zone 36 by run-down pipe 37.
There is condensing coil 41 in the top layout of condensate return case, condensation carrys out the steam that reactor core holds pond 31 outer walls on the one hand, making it become liquid state from gaseous state again flow to condensate return case 34 and carries out circulating cooling, on the other hand, the steam that inner other cooling devices of condensation containment 6 produce, the pressure that reduces containment inside, prevents containment superpressure, ensures the integrality of containment.
The present invention is detained reactor core fused mass in conjunction with inclination stagnant area and the mode of holding cell system combination, effectively utilizes the load-bearing capacity of each cooling system, reduces the cooling expanding area of fused mass, reduces Construction of Nuclear Electricity cost.
Therefore, the invention allows for a kind of reactor core fused mass storing apparatus, comprising: pond (corresponding to above-mentioned water conservancy diversion heat transfer zone 36); Hold pond 31, be placed in described pond, described in hold pond and be suitable for receiving the reactor core fused mass from upstream (being that reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained the inclination guiding region of guiding device); The chilled water water conservancy diversion runner 32 of the outer wall surface in pond is held in encirclement, described chilled water water conservancy diversion runner 32 has the water inlet (corresponding to cooling water inlet 33) of the bottom that is positioned at chilled water water conservancy diversion runner 32 and is positioned at the vapor collection portion on chilled water water conservancy diversion runner top, and described water inlet communicates with described pond; Condensation chamber (being the space at cooling coil 41 places in Fig. 1), the outlet of described vapor collection portion communicates with described condensation chamber; The reflux tank 34 that is positioned at described condensation chamber below, enters described reflux tank 34 from the condensate water of condensation chamber, and the water of described reflux tank 34 is controllably passed in described pond.Reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also can comprise emergence compensating water case 51, and described emergence compensating water case 51 is controllably to moisturizing in described reflux tank.Favourable, in described condensation chamber, being provided with cooling coil 41, the two-port up and down of cooling coil is all passed in described emergence compensating water case.
Containment condensate return system 4 comprises cooling coil 41, steam water conservancy diversion pipeline 42, the condensate return pipeline 43 for cooling containment 6 inner vapor and reduction containment 6 internal pressures that are arranged on condensate return case 34 tops.The present invention arranges condensing coil in containment inside, the effectively high temperature and high pressure steam of condensation containment inside, prevent containment over-temp and over-pressure, ensure the integrality of containment, can fully recycle the limited heat eliminating medium in containment inside simultaneously, discharge in time fused mass heat, reduce to the full extent melt temperature.
Emergency cooling water make-up system 5 comprises and is arranged on the outside large-scale emergence compensating water case 51 of containment, is communicated with the cooling coil 41 of containment 6 inside and the pipeline 52 of the outside large-scale emergence compensating water case 51 of containment 6, is communicated with the emergence compensating water pipeline 53 of reflux tank 34 and the outside large-scale emergence compensating water case 51 of containment 6 and the valve 54 of control system pipeline break-make.The present invention is at the large-scale cooling water tank of containment outer setting, on the one hand for the cooling coil of containment inside provides low-temperature receiver, on the other hand as the emergence compensating water device of reactor core catcher.In the time of needs human intervention, can use helicopter, fire truck and extraneous water pump etc. to throw in external water source, inject reactor core trapping system by water conservancy diversion pipeline, guarantee the cooling effect of reactor core fused mass.
To sum up, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention proposes a kind of non-active reactor core fused mass trapping system, comprising: above-mentioned reactor core fused mass guiding device (corresponding to reactor core fused mass flow guide system 1); Above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device (tilting to be detained flow guide system 2 corresponding to reactor core fused mass); And above-mentioned reactor core fused mass storing apparatus (holding cell system 3, containment condensate return system 4 and emergency cooling water make-up system 5 corresponding to above-mentioned reactor core fused mass), wherein: the reactor core fused mass flowing out from pod apertures drops to described one end of inclination guiding region; Reactor core fused mass holds in pond described in flowing to from the described other end of described inclination guiding region.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can change these embodiment.The scope of application of the present invention is limited by claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (29)
1. a reactor core fused mass guiding device, comprising:
Training wall, the container of formation funnel structure;
Pod apertures, is positioned at the below of container;
Melting plug, for stopping up described pod apertures,
Wherein:
Described melting plug is suitable for being allowed by described reactor core fused mass burn through reactor core fused mass to flow out pod apertures.
2. reactor core fused mass guiding device according to claim 1, wherein:
The surface contacting with reactor core fused mass of described training wall is provided with training wall sacrificial material layer, and described training wall sacrificial material layer is by reacting and strengthen the mobility of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass.
3. reactor core fused mass guiding device according to claim 2, wherein:
Described training wall sacrificial material layer is by reacting and reduce the temperature of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass.
4. reactor core fused mass guiding device according to claim 2, wherein:
Described training wall sacrificial material layer is selected from the one in following combined material:
Fe
2o
3and SiO
2;
Al
2o
3and SiO
2;
Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2;
Fe and SiO
2.
5. according to the reactor core fused mass guiding device described in claim 1 or 4, wherein:
Described melting plug is selected from the one in following combined material:
Fe
2o
3and SiO
2;
Al
2o
3and SiO
2;
Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2;
Fe and SiO
2.
6. a reactor pressure vessel assembly, comprising:
Reactor pressure vessel; And
Be arranged on the reactor core fused mass guiding device under reactor pressure vessel,
Wherein:
Described reactor core fused mass guiding device is according to the reactor core fused mass guiding device described in any one in claim 1-5; And
Gap between the outer wall of the inwall of described training wall and the bottom of described reactor pressure vessel forms reactor core fused mass spatial accommodation.
7. reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained a guiding device, comprising:
Inclination guiding region, reactor core fused mass is suitable for flowing to the other end based on gravity from one end of inclination guiding region;
Cooling system, comprise cooling water tank and chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), described cooling water tank has upper opening and lower openings, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) is formed between described upper opening and described lower openings, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) comprises that the below that is positioned at described inclination guiding region is with the chilled water runner of cooling described inclination guiding region
Wherein:
Described inclination guiding region is provided with guiding region sacrificial material layer with the side that described reactor core fused mass contacts, and described guiding region sacrificial material layer is by reacting and strengthen the mobility of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass.
8. reactor core fused mass according to claim 7 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein:
Described guiding region sacrificial material layer is by reacting and reduce the temperature of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass.
9. reactor core fused mass according to claim 7 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein:
Described guiding region sacrificial material layer is selected from the one in following combined material:
Fe
2o
3and SiO
2;
Al
2o
3and SiO
2;
Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2;
Fe and SiO
2.
10. reactor core fused mass according to claim 7 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein:
Described inclination guiding region comprises described guiding region sacrificial material layer, porous material layer, described chilled water runner, and three forms the three-decker stacking gradually, and described chilled water runner is carried chilled water to described porous material layer.
11. reactor core fused mass according to claim 10 tilt to be detained guiding device, also comprise:
Multiple vertical cooling water pipes, described multiple vertical cooling water pipes are spaced apart from each other, and at least a portion of guiding region sacrificial material layer described in each vertical cooling water pipe extend through, and a part of chilled water enters described vertical cooling water pipe from described chilled water runner.
12. reactor core fused mass according to claim 11 tilt to be detained guiding device, wherein:
The upper end of each vertical cooling water pipe is provided with pipe close, and described pipe close is suitable for being melted by described reactor core fused mass.
13. reactor core fused mass according to claim 12 tilt to be detained guiding device, wherein:
Described pipe close is selected from the one in following combined material:
Fe
2o
3and SiO
2;
Al
2o
3and SiO
2;
Fe
2o
3, Al
2o
3and SiO
2;
Fe and SiO
2.
14. reactor core fused mass according to claim 11 tilt to be detained guiding device, wherein:
Described vertical cooling water pipe is made up of MgO.
15. tilt to be detained guiding device according to the reactor core fused mass described in any one in claim 11-14, wherein:
The lower end of at least one vertical cooling water pipe is fixed to described porous material layer, and described a part of chilled water enters described at least one vertical cooling water pipe from described chilled water runner through described porous material layer.
16. tilt to be detained guiding device according to the reactor core fused mass described in any one in claim 11-14, wherein:
Porous material layer described at least one vertical cooling water pipe extend through and directly join and communicate with described chilled water runner.
17. reactor core fused mass according to claim 10 tilt to be detained guiding device, wherein:
Described porous material layer is made up of MgO.
18. reactor core fused mass according to claim 10 tilt to be detained guiding device, also comprise:
Cement basic layer, is arranged on the below of described three-decker;
Protective material layer, is arranged between described cement basic layer and described three-decker, and the melting temperature of wherein said protective material layer is hot poor conductor higher than temperature and the described protective material layer of described reactor core fused mass.
19. reactor core fused mass according to claim 18 tilt to be detained guiding device, wherein:
Described protective material layer is by ZrO
2make.
20. 1 kinds of reactor core fused mass storing apparatus, comprising:
Pond;
Hold pond, be placed in described pond, described in hold pond and be suitable for receiving from the reactor core fused mass of upstream;
The chilled water water conservancy diversion runner of the outer wall surface in pond is held in encirclement, and described chilled water water conservancy diversion runner has the water inlet of the bottom that is positioned at chilled water water conservancy diversion runner and is positioned at the vapor collection portion on chilled water water conservancy diversion runner top, and described water inlet communicates with described pond;
Condensation chamber, the outlet of described vapor collection portion communicates with described condensation chamber;
The reflux tank that is positioned at described condensation chamber below, enters described reflux tank from the condensate water of condensation chamber, and the water of described reflux tank is controllably passed in described pond.
21. reactor core fused mass storing apparatus according to claim 20, wherein:
Described vapor collection portion holds the upper along arranging of pond around described, and a side at the outlet place of described vapor collection chamber is higher than a side relative with described outlet.
22. reactor core fused mass storing apparatus according to claim 20, wherein:
The outlet of vapor collection portion is communicated to reflux tank by return flow line;
Jet chimney is incorporated into the steam that is incorporated into reflux tank from return flow line in condensation chamber, and the excessive chilled water in chilled water water conservancy diversion runner is back to reflux tank by described return flow line.
23. reactor core fused mass storing apparatus according to claim 20, wherein:
The described pond that holds also receives the chilled water from upstream;
Described reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also comprises run-down pipe, and the chilled water holding in pond flow in described pond by described run-down pipe.
24. according to the reactor core fused mass storing apparatus described in any one in claim 20-23, also comprises:
Emergence compensating water case, described emergence compensating water case is controllably to moisturizing in described reflux tank.
25. reactor core fused mass storing apparatus according to claim 24, wherein:
In described condensation chamber, be provided with cooling coil, the two-port up and down of cooling coil is all passed in described emergence compensating water case.
26. 1 kinds of non-active reactor core fused mass trapping systems, comprising:
According to the reactor core fused mass guiding device described in any one in claim 1-5;
Tilt to be detained guiding device according to the reactor core fused mass described in any one in claim 7-19; And
According to the reactor core fused mass storing apparatus described in any one in claim 20-23,
Wherein:
The reactor core fused mass flowing out from pod apertures drops to described one end of inclination guiding region;
Reactor core fused mass holds in pond described in flowing to from the described other end of described inclination guiding region.
27. non-active reactor core fused mass trapping systems according to claim 26, wherein:
Described reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also comprises emergence compensating water case, and described emergence compensating water case is controllably to moisturizing in described reflux tank.
28. non-active reactor core fused mass trapping systems according to claim 27, wherein:
In described condensation chamber, be provided with cooling coil, the two-port up and down of cooling coil is all passed in described emergence compensating water case.
29. according to the non-active reactor core fused mass trapping system described in claim 27 or 28, wherein:
Described cooling water tank, described reflux tank, described condensation chamber are positioned at containment;
Described emergence compensating water case is positioned at outside described containment.
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