Super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastic mould steel, be specifically related to a kind of low cost super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel, also relate to the manufacturing process of this plastic mould steel of preparation, belong to technical field of alloy steel.
Background technology
Large-sized plastic rubber mould mainly 718 die steel of American Standard and 1.2738 die steel of Europe superscript of current use, these die steel are mainly used for manufacturing bumper mould and some white goods moulds, and wherein nerf bar die size reaches 2300mm × 1800mm × 800mm.This just requires that moulding stock has higher hardening capacity and uniformity of hardness.Therefore, 718 or 1.2738 die steel of the main dependence on import of this kind of die steel.This uses the use cost of business and the manufacturing cost of related products by greatly increasing mould.
Along with the fast development of China's mold manufacturing industry and improving constantly of die steel production level, current China successfully can produce heavy in section 718 and 1.2738 die steel, and is applied on the bumper mould of some types.But, higher for the manufacturing cost of 718 or 1.2738 die steel, and the manufacturing cycle is long, and this uses business to bring huge pressure to mould.Be confused under environment at the bottom of global economy particularly since 2012, economizing on resources and reducing costs is a large bottleneck of automobile industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low cost super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel, there is higher hardening capacity and uniformity of hardness, be applicable to manufacture bumper mould and some white goods moulds.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel, its innovative point is: in the chemical composition of described steel, the mass percent of each alloying element is: C is 0.25 ~ 0.40%, Si is 0.10 ~ 0.30%, Mn is 2.00 ~ 3.00%, Cr is 1.00 ~ 2.00%, Mo is 0.10 ~ 0.30%, V is 0.10 ~ 0.30%, P < 0.03%, S < 0.03%, Ni is 0.10 ~ 0.30%, Nb≤0.15%, Fe surplus.
Preferably, in the chemical composition of described steel, the mass percent of each alloying element is: in the chemical composition of described steel, the mass percent of each alloying element is: C is 0.28%, Si be 0.20%, Mn is 2.30%, Cr is 1.30%, Mo is 0.20%, V is 0.20%, P < 0.020%, S < 0.015%, Ni is 0.20%, Nb is 0.08%, Fe surplus.
The present invention reduces the content of Mo on the basis of 718, greatly reduce and even do not use Ni element, increase substantially the content of Mn element, thus greatly reduce the cost of alloy of this steel, namely steel per ton reduces cost of alloy about 1000 yuan, and cost of alloy more than about 30,000 yuan saved by the nerf bar mould being equivalent to a pair 30 tons.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method providing a kind of super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel, comprise smelting, High temperature diffusion thermal treatment, forging hot-work, the rear Pre-hardening treatment of forging and tempering heat treatment operation, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) smelt: by the chemical composition of super above-mentioned large section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel and weight percent for carrying out preparing burden, electric arc furnace smelting and refining, then carry out vacuum outgas and casting, then heat send forge furnace;
(2) High temperature diffusion thermal treatment: Heating temperature is 1150 ~ 1250 DEG C, soaking time is 15 ~ 20h;
(3) hot-work is forged: will be cooled in 950 ~ 1200 DEG C of temperature ranges through the heat treated steel ingot of High temperature diffusion and carry out multiway forging processing, and adopt two upsettings two to pull out forging mode, always forge compression ratio >=3, final forging temperature >=850 DEG C;
(4) forging after Pre-hardening treatment: forging after adopt water-cooled or mist cold, cool fast with the speed being greater than 0.015 DEG C/s, drop to less than 200 DEG C to temperature and reinstall fiery process furnace;
(5) tempering heat treatment: be heated to 450 ~ 600 DEG C, to be incubated after 20 ~ 40 hours cooling rate≤30 DEG C/h and to be chilled to less than 250 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove.
Further, described High temperature diffusion thermal treatment, point stepped heating in steel ingot temperature-rise period, ensures that steel ingot internal and external temperature is even, namely respectively at 600 DEG C, 800 DEG C and 1100 DEG C of isothermals; At 950 ~ 1200 DEG C of temperature isothermals after High temperature diffusion thermal treatment, when carrying out conducting forging processing after steel ingot homogeneous temperature.
Pre-hardening treatment after described forging, adopts air-cooled after forging or mist is cold or water-cooled to 200 DEG C, temper immediately, temper 2 times, each tempering temperature 450 ~ 600 DEG C, each tempering insulation time 15 ~ 20h.
Steel grade of the present invention is not or containing lower Ni content, thus white point problem is not had, hydrogen heat treatment step is expanded for a long time so eliminate in the fabrication process, such one side shortens the manufacturing cycle (shortening about 7 day time) greatly, reduces manufacturing cost (steel per ton reduces about 800-1000 unit) on the other hand.
In addition, steel grade of the present invention is due to the Mn element of high level, and there is higher hardening capacity, do not need in the fabrication process as 718 or 1.2738 steel, adopt modified (quenching+tempering) treatment process to carry out pre-hardening, but forging preheating can be utilized, the laggard sector-style of forging is cold or mist is cold or the mode such as water-cooled reaches prevulcanized object.Therefore, this shortens the manufacturing cycle (shortening about 6 day time) on the one hand, reduces manufacturing cost (steel per ton reduces about 1200-1500 unit) on the other hand.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with 718 or 1.2738 steel, the steel grade shortening manufacturing cycle of the present invention is about 13-15 days, and steel per ton reduction manufacturing cost is about 3000-3500 unit.This brings huge contribution for China's manufacturing industry especially automobile industry, and improves China's die steel manufacture level and the market competitiveness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the super-section Pre-Bainitic hardening die steel CCT curve of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure of the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel head section hardness distribution of embodiment 1.
The super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel afterbody section hardness distribution of Fig. 4 embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould sheetmetal line etching case of embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the super-section Pre-Bainitic hardening die steel CCT curve of embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is the metallographic structure of the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel of embodiment 2.
Fig. 8 is the head section hardness distribution of the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel of embodiment 2.
The afterbody section hardness distribution of the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel of Fig. 9 embodiment 2.
Figure 10 is the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould sheetmetal line etching case of embodiment 2.
Figure 11 is the super-section Pre-Bainitic hardening die steel CCT curve of embodiment 3.
Figure 12 is the metallographic structure of the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel of embodiment 3.
Figure 13 is the head section hardness distribution of the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel of embodiment 3.
Figure 14 is the afterbody section hardness distribution of the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel of embodiment 3.
Figure 15 is the super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould sheetmetal line etching case of embodiment 3.
Figure 16 is the pre-hardening die steel CCT curve of comparative example 1.
Figure 17 is the metallographic structure of the pre-hardening plastic mould steel of comparative example 1.
Figure 18 is the head section hardness distribution of the pre-hardening plastic mould steel of comparative example 1.
Figure 19 is the afterbody section hardness distribution of the pre-hardening plastic mould steel of comparative example 1.
Figure 20 is the pre-hardening plastic mould sheetmetal line etching case of comparative example 1.
Figure 21 is the pre-hardening die steel CCT curve of comparative example 2.
Figure 22 is the metallographic structure of the pre-hardening plastic mould steel of comparative example 2.
Figure 23 is the head section hardness distribution of the pre-hardening plastic mould steel of comparative example 2.
Figure 24 is the afterbody section hardness distribution of the pre-hardening plastic mould steel of comparative example 2.
Figure 25 is the pre-hardening plastic mould sheetmetal line etching case of comparative example 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Moiety and the weight percent thereof of employing hot-work die steel are as follows:
C is 0.28%, Si be 0.20%, Mn be 2.30%, Cr be 1.30%, Mo is 0.20%,
V is 0.20%, P be 0.020%, S be 0.015%, Ni be 0.20%, Nb is 0.08%, Fe surplus.
Technological process and the step of super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel are as follows:
1) electrosmelting: smelt in electric arc furnace by above-mentioned alloying element proportioning, then external refining and vacuum outgas, is cast into steel ingot after heat and send forge furnace;
2) High temperature diffusion thermal treatment: Heating temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, soaking time is 15 ~ 20h;
3) hot-work is forged: will be cooled in 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C of temperature ranges through the heat treated steel ingot of High temperature diffusion and carry out multiway forging processing, and adopt two upsettings two to pull out forging mode, always forge compression ratio >=3, final forging temperature >=850 DEG C;
4) Pre-hardening treatment after forging: the rear employing of forging is air-cooled or mist is cold or water-cooled, ensures that steel obtains bainite structure, drops to less than 200 DEG C reinstall fiery process furnace to temperature;
5) tempering heat treatment: be heated to 500 ~ 550 DEG C, temper twice, is incubated stove after 20 ~ 30 hours and is chilled to less than 250 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove.
The present embodiment super-section Pre-Bainitic hardening die steel is after above-mentioned smelting and hot-work and thermal treatment, and final finished specification is (long × wide × thick) 2500mm × 1300mm × 1200mm module, and performance test is carried out in sampling:
A phase-change characteristic:
The CCT curve of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 1.
B microstructure:
The microstructure of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 2.
C uniformity of hardness is tested:
The section hardness test result of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 3.As seen from the figure, this steel has higher uniformity of hardness, and the fluctuation of whole section hardness is within the scope of ± 1.5HRC.
D dermatoglyph etching performance:
The dermatoglyph etching case of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 4.As seen from the figure, this steel has good dermatoglyph etching performance.
Embodiment 2
Moiety and the weight percent thereof of employing hot-work die steel are as follows:
C is 0.15%, Si be 0.10%, Mn be 3.00%, Cr be 1.00%, Mo is 0.30%,
V is 0.10%, P be 0.015%, S be 0.025%, Ni be 0.10%, Nb is 0.14%, Fe surplus.
The preparation method of the present embodiment super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel is with embodiment 1, and wherein tempering is heated to 450 ~ 500 DEG C.
The present embodiment super-section Pre-Bainitic hardening die steel is after above-mentioned smelting and hot-work and thermal treatment, and final finished specification is (long × wide × thick) 2500mm × 1300mm × 1200mm module, and performance test is carried out in sampling:
A phase-change characteristic:
The CCT curve of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 5.
B microstructure:
The microstructure of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 6.
C uniformity of hardness is tested:
The section hardness test result of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 7.As seen from the figure, change steel and have higher uniformity of hardness, the fluctuation of whole section hardness is within the scope of ± 1.5HRC.
D dermatoglyph etching performance:
The dermatoglyph etching case of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 8.As seen from the figure, this steel has good dermatoglyph etching performance.
Embodiment 3
Moiety and the weight percent thereof of employing hot-work die steel are as follows:
C is 0.30%, Si be 0.30%, Mn be 2.00%, Cr be 2.00%, Mo is 0.10%,
V is 0.30%, P be 0.03%, S be 0.03%, Ni be 0.30%, Nb is 0.10%, Fe surplus.
The preparation method of the present embodiment super-section Pre-Bainitic sclerosis plastic mould steel is with embodiment 1.
The present embodiment super-section Pre-Bainitic hardening die steel is after above-mentioned smelting and hot-work and thermal treatment, and final finished specification is (long × wide × thick) 2500mm × 1300mm × 1200mm module, and performance test is carried out in sampling:
A phase-change characteristic:
The CCT curve of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 9.
B microstructure:
The microstructure of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 10.
C uniformity of hardness is tested:
The section hardness test result of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 11.As seen from the figure, change steel and have higher uniformity of hardness, the fluctuation of whole section hardness is within the scope of ± 1.5HRC.
D dermatoglyph etching performance:
The dermatoglyph etching case of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 12.As seen from the figure, this steel has good dermatoglyph etching performance.
comparative example 1
718 moietys and weight percent as follows:
C is 0.37, Si be 0.30, Mn be 1.40, Cr be 2.00, Mo be 0.20, P be 0.020, S be 0.003, Ni is 1.00, Fe surplus.
Prepared by employing ordinary method, trimmed size is (long × wide × thick) 2500mm × 1300mm × 1200mm module, and performance test is carried out in sampling:
A phase-change characteristic:
The CCT curve of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 13.
B microstructure:
The microstructure of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 14.
C uniformity of hardness is tested:
The section hardness test result of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 15.As seen from the figure, change steel and have higher uniformity of hardness, the fluctuation of whole section hardness is within the scope of ± 2HRC.
D dermatoglyph etching performance:
The dermatoglyph etching case of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 16.As seen from the figure, this steel has good dermatoglyph etching performance.
comparative example 2
1.2738 moietys and weight percent as follows:
C is 0.36, Si be 0.30, Mn be 1.50, Cr be 2.00, Mo be 0.20, P be 0.020, S be 0.003, Ni is 1.00, Fe surplus.
Prepared by employing ordinary method, trimmed size is (long × wide × thick) 2500mm × 1300mm × 1200mm module, and performance test is carried out in sampling:
A phase-change characteristic:
The CCT curve of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 17.
B microstructure:
The microstructure of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 18.
C uniformity of hardness is tested:
The section hardness test result of the present embodiment steel as shown in Figure 19.As seen from the figure, change steel and have higher uniformity of hardness, the fluctuation of whole section hardness is within the scope of ± 3HRC.
D dermatoglyph etching performance:
The dermatoglyph etching case of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 20.As seen from the figure, this steel has good dermatoglyph etching performance.
Table 1 is the Performance comparision of steel grade of the present invention and comparative example steel grade
|
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Comparative example 1 |
Comparative example 2 |
Hardening capacity |
Excellent |
Excellent |
Excellent |
Good |
Generally |
Uniformity of hardness |
±1.5HRC |
±1.5HRC |
±1.5HRC |
±2HRC |
±3HRC |
Dermatoglyph etches |
Excellent |
Excellent |
Excellent |
Good |
Generally |