CN104035193A - Tri-propellant total internal reflection prism for infrared target simulators - Google Patents
Tri-propellant total internal reflection prism for infrared target simulators Download PDFInfo
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- CN104035193A CN104035193A CN201310071235.5A CN201310071235A CN104035193A CN 104035193 A CN104035193 A CN 104035193A CN 201310071235 A CN201310071235 A CN 201310071235A CN 104035193 A CN104035193 A CN 104035193A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tri-propellant infrared total internal reflection (TIR) prism for infrared target simulators. The tri-propellant infrared TIR prism is composed of three prisms. On/off state of a DMD is modulated by making full use of total reflection of light when light enters an optically thinner medium from an optically thicker medium and by precisely calculating the dip angles of bevel edges of the prisms. By selecting different infrared materials, the tri-propellant infrared TIR prism can be used in optical engines of infrared target simulators of which the operating band is 3-5micron medium-wave infrared band and optical engines of infrared target simulators of which the operating band is 8-12micron long-wave infrared band.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three constituent element formula inner total reflections for infrared target simulator (Total Internal Reflection is called for short TIR) prism, espespecially a kind of TIR prism for the infrared target simulator light engine based on DMD scene generation device.
Background technology
Along with the appearance of Against Infrared Imaging Guided Missile, be the performance of test and evaluation target seeker, need urgently to develop Infrared Imaging in Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation technology.And the core of Infrared Imaging in Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation technology is exactly infrared target simulator, infrared optics engine is as the key composition of infrared target simulator, the most of performance parameter that has determined infrared target simulator, comprises contrast, resolution, spatially uniform etc.Because no matter DMD all has certain advantage compared with the raw utensil of other scene from performance parameters such as resolution, spatially uniform, frame frequencies, therefore be very necessary to the research of the infrared target simulator light engine based on DMD.
When infrared optics engine based on DMD adopts telecentric beam path structure, need to use TIR prism, when improving contrast, can realize lamp optical system and separate design separately with projection optical system, saved the development time.But at present, comprise the light engine of visible light wave range, all adopt the TIR prism of two constituent element formulas to carry out light splitting, the light beam of DMD "Off" state is not modulated, and whole system physical dimension is larger, reduce the capacity usage ratio of system.If do not use TIR prism, for ensureing capacity usage ratio, need make optical projection system become the angle of 24o with illuminator optical axis, the bore of optical projection system and illuminator is restricted mutually, in addition, for ensureing that illumination path is not blocked, certainly will will increase optical projection system back work distance from, increase the design difficulty of optical projection system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of infrared TIR prism of three constituent element formulas for the infrared target simulator light engine based on DMD, avoid the drawback of the telecentric beam path structure that does not use TIR prism, increase simultaneously the light beam of DMD "Off" state is modulated, make whole system compact conformation, improve the capacity usage ratio of infrared optics engine.
The infrared TIR prism structure of three constituent element formulas is as Fig. 1.Wherein 10 is prism 1, and the illuminating bundle of incident, at its hypotenuse surface place, total reflection is occurred to, realizes the illumination to DMD.11 is prism 2, and the reflection ray of DMD " being opened " to state incides in optical projection system, and the light reflection of DMD " pass " state is gone out to optical projection system.During the infrared TIR prism of this three constituent element formulas is applicable to, far infrared band.The introducing of TIR prism has following five advantages:
(1) use of infrared TIR prism can realize 100% reflection to P light and S light.
(2) infrared TIR prism can be realized the reflected light that DMD " is put down " to state and window place and modulates, and makes it reflect projection optical system, improves the contrast of system.
(3) use of infrared TIR prism can make light engine be designed to telecentric beam path structure, and incident light is parallel to optical projection system optical axis after DMD reflection.
(4) use of infrared TIR prism makes the structure of whole light engine compacter, improves the capacity usage ratio of system.
(5) compared to the infrared TIR prism of two constituent element formulas, improved the contrast of projection.
For the infrared target simulator of long wave infrared region, taking ZnS material as example, the infrared TIR prism structure of its three constituent elements formula as shown in Figure 4.
The hypotenuse inclination angle theta of P1 prism
0can be determined by following formula:
QUOTE
（1）
QUOTE
（2）
QUOTE
（3）
Wherein n
a=1, be air refraction, n
znSfor ZnS refractive index, the character of prism dispersion, the refractive index of the light of different wave length in prism differs larger, and desirable characteristic wavelength calculates.Calculate 21.49 °≤θ
0≤ 21.81 °, get θ here
0=21.8 °.
P2 prism hypotenuse inclination angle can be determined by following formula:
QUOTE
（4）
QUOTE
（5）
QUOTE
（6）
Can be calculated QUOTE
, process for convenience and debug, get QUOTE here
, form symmetrical structure.
Two inclined-planes of P3 prism are parallel with the inclined surface of P2 prism with adjacent P1.
The thickness of P1 prism can be determined by following formula:
QUOTE
（7）
Wherein D
dMDfor hypotenuse half height of DMD, calculate L
1=13.2mm, considers calculation assumption condition and mismachining tolerance, gets L here
1=18mm.
The thickness of P2 prism can be determined by following formula:
QUOTE
（8）
Wherein α=37 °,
lfor DMD is apart from the distance of P1 prism, be 2mm.
QUOTE
（9）
Determining of the hypotenuse inclination angle of P1 prism incident end face:
QUOTE
（10）
Wherein δ
1for light incides the angle on DMD, it is 13 °.N
p=2.2, be the light of the 10 mu m wavebands refractive index in ZnS.Calculate φ=40.5 °.
Design result is as Fig. 5-Fig. 7.
For the infrared target simulator of middle-infrared band, adopting chalcogenide glass AMTIR-3 is prism material, and still can use (1)-(10) formula calculates the correlation parameter of prism, obtains design result as Fig. 8.The hypotenuse inclination angle of prism P1 is 18o, and the hypotenuse inclination angle of prism P2 is also 18o, forms symmetrical structure, reduces difficulty of processing when ensureing imaging.Prism P1 is 31.52mm along optical axis thickness, and prism P2 is 2.6mm along optical axis thickness.The hypotenuse inclination angle of prism P1 illuminating bundle incident end face is 45o.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1. the infrared TIR prism structure of the three constituent elements figure based on DMD infrared target simulator light engine.Airspace between 10-prism, 1,11-prism, 2,12-prism, 3,13-prism 1 and prism 2, the airspace between 14-prism 2 and prism 3.
The light path trend of illuminating bundle in prism when Fig. 2 .DMD "On" state.Total reflection surface in 20-prism, 1,21-prism, 2,22-prism, 3,23-prism 1.
The light path trend of illuminating bundle in prism when Fig. 3 .DMD "Off" state.Total reflection surface in 30-prism, 1,31-prism, 2,32-prism, 3,33-prism 2.
Fig. 4. the infrared TIR prism structure of three constituent elements figure during taking ZnS as prism material, is applicable in LONG WAVE INFRARED target simulator light engine.
Fig. 5. the structural drawing of P1 prism during taking ZnS as prism material.
Fig. 6. the structural drawing of P2 prism during taking ZnS as prism material.
Fig. 7. the structural drawing of P3 prism during taking ZnS as prism material.
Fig. 8. the infrared TIR prism structure of three constituent elements figure during taking AMTIR3 as prism material.80-prism, 1,81-prism, 2,82-prism 3.
Embodiment
The infrared TIR prism of three constituent element formulas for a kind of infrared target simulator light engine based on DMD of the present invention, make full use of light and incide from optically denser medium the feature that total reflection can occur optically thinner medium, by accurate Calculation prism hypotenuse inclination angle, realize to DMD " open ", the modulation of "Off" state.By selecting different infra-red materials, the medium-wave infrared wave band and the service band that can be used for service band and be 3-5 μ m are in the light engine of infrared target simulator of the long wave infrared region of 8-12 μ m.
Its optical path modulation process can be summarized as:
As Fig. 2, illuminating bundle incides in prism 20, at 23 places, total reflection occurs, and incides DMD place, and in the time that DMD is " opening " state, reflection ray is projected system and receives after prism 21,22; In the time that DMD is " pass " state, after prism 31, there is total reflection in 33 surfaces in reflection ray, now, DMD " equals " state, and total reflection also occurs the reflected light at DMD window place herein, illuminating bundle is reflected to projection optical system, improved the contrast of optical projection system.For ensureing the generation of total reflection phenomenon, will there be certain airspace at the corresponding fully reflecting surface of prism place, and for ensureing capacity usage ratio, airspace is unsuitable excessive, to be less than 10 μ m as good.
In the time that service band is the long wave infrared region of 8-12 μ m, the material of prism can be ZnS, ZnSe, AMTIR-1, AMTIR-3, AMTIR-4, GASIR1, GASIR2, Ge, GaAs.
In the time that service band is the medium-wave infrared wave band of 3-5 μ m, the material of prism can be BaF2, CaF2, Sapphire, MgO, Silicon, As2S3, AMTIR-1, AMTIR-3, AMTIR-4, GASIR1, GASIR2, Ge, GaAs, ZnS, ZnSe.
For the infrared target simulator of long wave infrared region, taking ZnS material as example, the infrared TIR prism structure of its three constituent elements formula as shown in Figure 4.
The hypotenuse inclination angle theta of P1 prism
0can be determined by following formula:
QUOTE
（1）
QUOTE
（2）
QUOTE
（3）
Wherein n
a=1, be air refraction, n
znSfor ZnS refractive index, the character of prism dispersion, the refractive index of the light of different wave length in prism differs larger, and desirable characteristic wavelength calculates.Calculate 21.49 °≤θ
0≤ 21.81 °, get θ here
0=21.8 °.
P2 prism hypotenuse inclination angle can be determined by following formula:
QUOTE
（4）
QUOTE
（5）
QUOTE
（6）
Can be calculated QUOTE
, process for convenience and debug, get QUOTE here
, form symmetrical structure.
Two inclined-planes of P3 prism are parallel with the inclined surface of P2 prism with adjacent P1.
The thickness of P1 prism can be determined by following formula:
QUOTE
（7）
Wherein D
dMDfor hypotenuse half height of DMD, calculate L
1=13.2mm, considers calculation assumption condition and mismachining tolerance, gets L here
1=18mm.
The thickness of P2 prism can be determined by following formula:
QUOTE
（8）
Wherein α=37 °,
lfor DMD is apart from the distance of P1 prism, be 2mm.
QUOTE
（9）
Determining of the hypotenuse inclination angle of P1 prism incident end face:
QUOTE
（10）
Wherein δ
1for light incides the angle on DMD, it is 13 °.N
p=2.2, be the light of the 10 mu m wavebands refractive index in ZnS.Calculate φ=40.5 °.
Design result is as Fig. 5-Fig. 7.
For the infrared target simulator of middle-infrared band, adopting chalcogenide glass AMTIR-3 is prism material, and still can use (1)-(10) formula calculates the correlation parameter of prism, obtains design result as Fig. 8.The hypotenuse inclination angle of prism P1 is 18o, and the hypotenuse inclination angle of prism P2 is also 18o, forms symmetrical structure, reduces difficulty of processing when ensureing imaging.Prism P1 is 31.52mm along optical axis thickness, and prism P2 is 2.6mm along optical axis thickness.The hypotenuse inclination angle of prism P1 illuminating bundle incident end face is 45o.
Claims (4)
1. the infrared TIR prism of three constituent element formulas for a kind of infrared target simulator light engine based on DMD of the present invention, make full use of light and incide from optically denser medium the feature that total reflection can occur optically thinner medium, by accurate Calculation prism hypotenuse inclination angle, realize DMD " is opened ", the modulation of "Off" state, by selecting different infra-red materials, the medium-wave infrared wave band and the service band that can be used for service band and be 3-5 μ m are in the light engine of infrared target simulator of the long wave infrared region of 8-12 μ m, illuminating bundle incides in prism 1, there is total reflection at its skewed surface place, incide on DMD, in the time that DMD is " opening " state, reflection ray is projected system and receives after prism 1 and prism 2, in the time that DMD is " pass " state, after prism 2, there is total reflection at its skewed surface place in reflection ray, now, DMD " equals " state, and total reflection also occurs the reflected light at DMD window place herein, and illuminating bundle is reflected to projection optical system, improve the contrast of optical projection system, for ensureing the generation of total reflection phenomenon, will there be certain airspace at the corresponding fully reflecting surface of prism place, for ensureing capacity usage ratio, airspace is unsuitable excessive, to be less than 10 μ m as good.
2. the infrared TIR prism of three constituent element formulas for a kind of simulation of the infrared target based on DMD Lu light engine of the present invention, during taking ZnS as material, be applicable to long wave infrared region, the hypotenuse inclination angle of its prism 1 is 21.8o, the hypotenuse inclination angle of prism 2 is also 21.8o, form symmetrical structure, when ensureing imaging, reduce difficulty of processing; Prism 1 is 18mm along optical axis thickness, and prism 2 is 6.4mm along optical axis thickness; The hypotenuse inclination angle of prism 1 irradiation bundle incident end face is 40.5o; During taking AMTIR-3 as prism material, be applicable to middle-infrared band, the hypotenuse inclination angle of its prism 1 is 18o, and the hypotenuse inclination angle of prism 2 is also 18o, forms symmetrical structure, reduces difficulty of processing when ensureing imaging; Prism 1 is 31.52mm along optical axis thickness, and prism 2 is 2.6mm along optical axis thickness; The hypotenuse inclination angle of prism 1 illuminating bundle incident end face is 45o.
3. the infrared TIR prism of three constituent element formulas described in claim 1, in the time that service band is the long wave infrared region of 8-12 μ m, the material of prism can be ZnS, ZnSe, AMTIR-1, AMTIR-3, AMTIR-4, GASIR1, GASIR2, Ge, GaAs.
4. the infrared TIR prism of three constituent element formulas described in claim 1, in the time that service band is the medium-wave infrared wave band of 3-5 μ m, the material of prism can be BaF2, CaF2, Sapphire, MgO, Silicon, As2S3, AMTIR-1, AMTIR-3, AMTIR-4, GASIR1, GASIR2, Ge, GaAs, ZnS, ZnSe.
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| CN201310071235.5A CN104035193A (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2013-03-06 | Tri-propellant total internal reflection prism for infrared target simulators |
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| CN201310071235.5A CN104035193A (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2013-03-06 | Tri-propellant total internal reflection prism for infrared target simulators |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106442624A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Infrared thermal-wave imaging system based on time-space modulation mode and detection method |
| CN110031958A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 西安应用光学研究所 | A kind of three constituent element TIR prism of modified |
| CN111751915A (en) * | 2020-06-27 | 2020-10-09 | 同济大学 | Compact infrared viewfinder optical system based on free-form surface prism |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1179743A2 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2002-02-13 | Lg Electronics Inc. | TIR prism system for DMD and projector adopting the same |
| US6726332B2 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2004-04-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | TIR prism for DMD projector |
| CN101308314A (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2008-11-19 | 亚洲光学股份有限公司 | Total-reflection prism set |
| CN101598890A (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-09 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Optical projection system |
-
2013
- 2013-03-06 CN CN201310071235.5A patent/CN104035193A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1179743A2 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2002-02-13 | Lg Electronics Inc. | TIR prism system for DMD and projector adopting the same |
| US6726332B2 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2004-04-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | TIR prism for DMD projector |
| CN101308314A (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2008-11-19 | 亚洲光学股份有限公司 | Total-reflection prism set |
| CN101598890A (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-09 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Optical projection system |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106442624A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Infrared thermal-wave imaging system based on time-space modulation mode and detection method |
| CN110031958A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 西安应用光学研究所 | A kind of three constituent element TIR prism of modified |
| CN111751915A (en) * | 2020-06-27 | 2020-10-09 | 同济大学 | Compact infrared viewfinder optical system based on free-form surface prism |
| CN111751915B (en) * | 2020-06-27 | 2021-05-11 | 同济大学 | Compact infrared viewfinder optical system based on free-form surface prism |
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Application publication date: 20140910 |