CN104035007A - Short-air-gap breakdown prewarning method of high-voltage electrical equipment - Google Patents
Short-air-gap breakdown prewarning method of high-voltage electrical equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short-air-gap breakdown prewarning method of high-voltage electrical equipment. The method gives definitions for 'a diameter ratio' and 'a voltage ratio' and performs breakdown prewarning of discharge by using the 'diameter ratio'; with use of DR parameters of the 'diameter ratio', discharge intensity of corona can be described effectively without being affected by an observation distance; utilization of the diameter ratio to perform evaluation upon the discharge intensity has a strong engineering significance. The method for performing breakdown prewarning by using the 'diameter ratio' disclosed by the invention effectively solves a problem of the prior art that influences are caused by factors, such as the observation distance and arrangement of an instrument gain, during breakdown prewarning or field analysis, is capable of directly obtaining a result at an actual site in a simple and convenient manner, is beneficial for clearing faults of equipment in time. The short-air-gap breakdown prewarning method of the high-voltage electrical equipment disclosed by the invention is simple, practical, efficient in analysis, accurate in prewarning, and relatively strong in popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to discharge detecting technique field, particularly relate to the method that the short clearance of a kind of high voltage electric equipment punctures early warning.
Background technology
Quantizing the most frequently used method of strength of discharge is at present pulse current method, the parameter that quantizes strength of discharge is Apparent discharge magnitude, but the method belongs to contact measurement method, in practical implementation, exist certain not enough: pulse current method is on-the-spot need on-the-spotly install current sensor, need do certain change to the structure of high-tension apparatus, labour intensity is large, and has certain danger; Electric discharge often betides high-pressure side, and current sensor is installed on low-pressure side, its high-pressure side of equipment and the distance between low-pressure side that electric pressure is higher can reach several meters even more than ten meter, and on high-tension side electric discharge electric impulse signal is difficult to propagate into low-pressure side, causes sensor to be difficult to detect electric discharge; Each current sensor can only detect the electric discharge of the high-tension apparatus that sensor is installed, and transformer station and transmission line of electricity mesohigh number of devices are very huge, if each high-tension apparatus all installation detecting system will cause cost too high, the problem that installation and maintenance workload is excessive; Pulse current method is difficult to navigate to concrete discharge position.
Discharge capacity when rod-sheet separation has been studied by Wuhan University and photon number are with the relation curve of change in voltage, this paper quantizes ultraviolet imagery testing result and has adopted so-called " photon number " parameter, but paper is not studied its photon number with the relation between distance and gain, does not provide yet and how to pass through the method that detected photon number is predicted discharge capacity.Also there is scholar to propose to utilize the diameter of the spot area in ultraviolet image estimate the state of insulation of short clearance and puncture early warning, but the size of the spot area in ultraviolet image is also subject to the impact that observed range, instrument gain such as arrange at the factor, it is improper directly utilizing spot area diameter to estimate the state of insulation of short clearance and puncture early warning, in actual field, be difficult to equipment whether to puncture and carry out Efficient Evaluation, be unfavorable for timely remover apparatus fault.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for solve the technical matters existing in known technology provide a kind of simple efficient, puncture early warning and puncture the method for early warning in the short clearance of a kind of high voltage electric equipment accurately.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for the technical matters existing in solution known technology is: the method that the short clearance of this high voltage electric equipment punctures early warning has proposed " diameter ratio " and " voltage ratio " and provided corresponding definition, designed and probed into diameter ratio with observed range, gain, the experimental program of the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage, and analyzed diameter ratio with observed range, gain, the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage, punctures early warning by " diameter ratio ";
Described " diameter ratio ", it is characterized by: the ultraviolet signal of blind area carries out imaging by day, analyze the state of insulation of insulator and puncture early warning, rig-site utilization and be approximately circular in view of spot area, so propose " diameter ratio " DR (Diameter Ratio) parameter, DR=D
ds/ D
ag;
Further D
dsfor the major axis of the spot area in ultraviolet image, the pixel of unit, D
agfor the distance of the short-and-medium clearance of ultraviolet image, the pixel of unit;
Described " voltage ratio ", it is characterized by: voltage ratio is the voltage that applies on tested object and the ratio of actual theoretical voltage breakdown, at normal atmosphere, depresses, and the voltage breakdown of severe non-uniform electric field is 3.38kV/cm, according to clearance distance, can calculate theoretical breakdown voltage value;
Described probes into diameter ratio with observed range, gain, the experimental program of the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage, it is characterized by: the environment temperature of experiment is about 18 ℃, relative humidity is 60% left and right, air pressure is 101.5kpa left and right, adopt rod-plane gap system, bar electrode diameter is 3.8cm, and its head is conical, the about 2.0mm of tip radius, plate electrode length and width are 2.0m, and ultraviolet imager model is CoroCAM504, during experiment over against discharge position, in the process of test, except changing the gain of instrument, other parameters adopt default setting;
Before further experiment, adopt the soft ripple pipe of aluminum to carry out effective shielding to being easy to form the position of discharging;
Wherein, the concrete steps of experimental program are:
Step 1, carries out wiring according to experimental wiring schematic diagram, guarantees the accurate safety of wiring;
Step 2, is decided to be 20cm by rod-plane gap, and observed range is 4m, 6m, 8m, 10m, 12m, 14m, 16m, 20m, 24m, 28m, 32m, 36m, 40m, 44m, during 48m, will adjust respectively gain by 30%-100%, step-length is 10%, adopts progressively pressurization, voltage is by 30kV-70kV, and step-length is generally 5kV, the image of record test gained;
Step 3, changes respectively rod-plane gap into 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, repeating step two;
Step 4, analyzes data result, probes into diameter than with observed range, gain, and the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage;
Described diameter, than with observed range, gains, and the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage, is characterized by: observed range can be ignored on the impact of diameter ratio; And along with the increase gaining, diameter was than increasing faster before this, rear growth slows down, but growth rate is certain.Gain from 60% to 70% is again to 80%, and the growth of diameter ratio is similar, but the increase of 80% to 90% diameter ratio is less, and gain is 70% time, and diameter is than better with the increase linearity of voltage; Diameter ratio and voltage ratio are approximately linear relation under each gain, can judge according to diameter ratio and execute alive size;
Described pass through " diameter ratio " punctures early warning, it is characterized by: DR is spot diameter and the short clearance diameter ratio of the discharging light spot region in ultraviolet image, for a certain short clearance, its DR is larger, mean that region of discharge accounts for the body ratio in gap larger, illustrate that electric discharge ionized space is larger, discharge stronger, mean that the possibility puncturing is just larger; Utilize diameter ratio, fuzzy division is divided into the state of insulation of short air gap in severe non-uniform electric field " good ", " better ", " poor " and " very poor " four grades, thereby punctures early warning.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are: the short clearance of a kind of high voltage electric equipment that the present invention proposes punctures the method for early warning, provided the definition of " diameter ratio " and " voltage ratio ", and utilize the early warning that punctures that " diameter ratio " discharge, the power of utilizing " diameter ratio " DR parameter can not only effectively describe corona discharge is not also subject to the impact of observed range, utilizes diameter comparison strength of discharge to assess stronger engineering significance.The utilization " diameter ratio " that the present invention proposes punctures the method for early warning, effectively solved in prior art when puncturing early warning or on-the site analysis observed range and instrument gain the impact that factor causes has been set etc., can in actual field, directly obtain simply and easily result, be conducive to timely remover apparatus fault.The short clearance of this high voltage electric equipment punctures the method simple practical of early warning, analyzes efficiently, and early warning is accurate, has stronger generalization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in kind that the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment that the embodiment of the present invention provides punctures the definition of " diameter ratio " in the method for early warning;
Fig. 2 is that the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment that the embodiment of the present invention provides punctures and in the method for early warning, probes into diameter than with observed range, gain, the schematic diagram of the experimental program wiring of the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage;
Fig. 3 is that the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment that the embodiment of the present invention provides punctures and in the method for early warning, probes into diameter than with observed range, gain, the process flow diagram of the experimental program of the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage;
Fig. 4 is that the diameter that provides of the embodiment of the present invention is than the schematic diagram that is related to observed range;
Fig. 5 is the spot diameter that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and the analytical model figure of distance relation;
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the present invention diameter ratio providing and the schematic diagram that is related to gaining;
Fig. 7 is that the diameter that provides of the embodiment of the present invention is than the schematic diagram that is related to voltage ratio;
Fig. 8 be the embodiment of the present invention provide each gain under according to the fuzzy division schematic diagram of diameter comparison rod sheet separation state of insulation.
Embodiment
For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, Characteristic, hereby exemplify following examples, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows:
Embodiment 1: Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in kind that the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment provided by the invention punctures the definition of " diameter ratio " in the method for early warning, described " diameter ratio ", it is characterized by: by day, the ultraviolet signal of blind area carries out imaging, analyze the state of insulation of short clearance and puncture early warning, rig-site utilization and be approximately circular in view of spot area, so propose " diameter ratio " DR (DiameterRatio) parameter, DR=D
ds/ D
ag; D wherein
dsmajor axis for the spot area in ultraviolet image; D
agdistance for the short-and-medium clearance of ultraviolet image; Owing to puncturing, generally occur in the strongest moment of electric discharge, and the facula area value of electric discharge has certain undulatory property, what in this present invention, choose is that average hot spot in a period of time is asked its spot diameter; It should be noted that the diameter here refers to along the number of the pixel that in figure, red arrow place straight line comprises, diameter is actually in discharging light spot region the maximal value of the number of pixel on straight line, thus this project at this, to define its unit be pixel (Pixel).Known according to the definition of " diameter ratio ", DR is actually spot diameter and the short clearance diameter ratio of the discharging light spot region in ultraviolet image, this parameter has clearer and more definite meaning: for a certain short clearance, its DR is larger, mean that region of discharge accounts for the body ratio in gap larger, illustrate that electric discharge ionized space is larger, discharge stronger, mean that the possibility puncturing is just larger, the power of therefore utilizing this parameter can not only effectively describe corona discharge is not also subject to the impact of observed range.
Embodiment 2, and Fig. 2 is that the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment provided by the invention punctures and in the method for early warning, probes into diameter than with observed range, gain, the schematic diagram of the experimental program wiring of the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage; Fig. 3 is that the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment provided by the invention punctures and in the method for early warning, probes into diameter than with observed range, gain, the process flow diagram of the experimental program of the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage; Its scheme flow process is specially: S201 carries out wiring according to experimental wiring schematic diagram, and S202 is decided to be 20cm by rod-plane gap, and observed range is 4m, 6m, 8m, 10m, 12m, 14m, 16m, 20m, 24m, 28m, 32m, 36m, 40m, 44m, during 48m, will adjust respectively gain by 30%-100%, step-length is 10%, adopts progressively pressurization, voltage is by 30kV-70kV, and step-length is generally 5kV, the image of record test gained; S203 changes respectively rod-plane gap into 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, repeating step S202; S204 analyzes data result, probes into diameter than with observed range, gain, and the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage.
Embodiment 3, Fig. 4 be diameter provided by the invention than the schematic diagram that is related to observed range, Fig. 5 is the analytical model figure of spot diameter provided by the invention and distance relation, setting rod-plane gap is 20cm, voltage is 60kV, while being less than 50% due to gain, the detection of ultraviolet imager is insensitive, when gain is greater than 80%, interference around easily produces and disturbs experiment, therefore gain is decided to be respectively to 50%, 60%, 70%, in the time of 80%, diameter is than the relation with observed range, increase along with distance, diameter remains unchanged than substantially, when gain is 50%, diameter ratio is in 0.16 left and right, when gain increases to 60%, diameter ratio is in 0.22 left and right, when gain is 70%, diameter ratio is 0.32 left and right, when diameter ratio increases to 80%, diameter ratio is 0.40 left and right, it is feasible adopting diameter recently to judge and describing discharge condition.And the impact of distance on diameter ratio can be ignored.The known visible channel of principle of work and ultraviolet passage by ultraviolet imager adopt lens imaging principle to be embodied as picture, and the present invention has utilized the perfect lens imaging model of Fig. 5 to analyze the diameter of hot spot in ultraviolet image, rod-plane gap apart from the Changing Pattern with distance.(this region is actually a planar region in Discharge illuminating region during high-tension apparatus surface-discharge, in Fig. 5 with the reduced representation of AB line segment) will go out ultraviolet signal to space radiation, light-emitting zone can be regarded as by the different luminous point of many light radiation intensities and forms, at light-emitting zone, take up an official post and get 1 A, the ultraviolet signal that A point gives off will incide the surface of ultraviolet lens, lens have refraction action to incident optical signal, the light signal that A point is launched is collected in A ' point after lens focus, and the ultraviolet signal that B point sends focuses on B ' point.Other luminous point of same light-emitting zone focuses on the relevant position of A ' B ' after lens reflection, and A ' B ' is Discharge illuminating region AB imaging.Light-emitting zone while supposing equipment surface electric discharge is for circular, the radius of the light-emitting zone that can be detected by ultraviolet imager is r, and on photocathode, the radius of picture is r ', and thin lens imaging meets Gaussian imaging equation f/u+f/v=1, wherein u is object distance, is also observed range d; V is image distance, is the distance between photocathode and ultraviolet lens; F is the focal length of lens.Similarity relation by △ ABO and △ A ' B ' O ' can obtain: r '/r=v/u=v/d, r '=vrd
-1
Because the observed range of ultraviolet imager is far away, can be similar to and think constant at a distance of v with observed range increase, at identical voltage, under gain, the discharge diameter r of formed hot spot of rod-plane gap remains unchanged, radius and the inversely proportional funtcional relationship of observed range of photocathode surface picture, therefore in the situation that gaining and strength of discharge remains unchanged, spot diameter in ultraviolet image increases or reduces according to identical ratio with change of distance with the short-and-medium air gap distance of ultraviolet image, namely diameter is than being an amount with range-independence, above-mentioned experiment has also illustrated that the increase diameter ratio of this distance is approximately straight line really.
Embodiment 4, Fig. 6 be diameter provided by the invention than and gain be related to schematic diagram, under same observed range and approximately uniform strength of discharge, along with the gain of ultraviolet imager increases, its facula area also significantly increases.Based on experimental data, rod-plane gap is 25cm, 30cm, and 40cm, during 50cm, obtains the relation of diameter ratio and gain.As seen from the figure, along with the increase of gain, diameter was than increasing faster before this, and rear growth slows down, but growth rate is certain.Gain from 60% to 70% is again to 80%, and the growth of diameter ratio is similar, but the increase of 80% to 90% diameter ratio is less, and can find out that gain is 70% time, and diameter is than better with the increase linearity of voltage.Therefore can with 70% come to study diameter than and the relation of voltage.
Embodiment 5, Fig. 7 be diameter provided by the invention than the schematic diagram that is related to voltage ratio, under different rod sheet separation, can find that diameter is than similar with the increase of voltage, consider whether can recently determine the voltage that applies on tested object with diameter.The concept of " voltage ratio " has been proposed for this reason.Voltage ratio is the voltage that applies on tested object and the ratio of actual theoretical voltage breakdown, at normal atmosphere, depresses, and the voltage breakdown of severe non-uniform electric field is 3.38kV/cm, according to clearance distance, can calculate theoretical breakdown voltage value.To gain while being 70% below, the real data according to diameter ratio with voltage ratio, the relation of probing into voltage ratio and diameter ratio.
The data of the diameter ratio under the different voltage ratios of table 1
| Voltage ratio | Diameter ratio | Voltage ratio | Diameter ratio | Voltage ratio | Diameter ratio |
| 0.16 | 0.00 | 0.53 | 0.24 | 0.64 | 0.66 |
| 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.39 | 0.27 | 0.72 | 0.67 |
| 0.27 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.28 | 0.69 | 0.67 |
| 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.66 | 0.28 | 0.79 | 0.68 |
| 0.27 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.29 | 0.72 | 0.73 |
| 0.33 | 0.00 | 0.51 | 0.30 | 0.78 | 0.75 |
| 0.28 | 0.05 | 0.51 | 0.41 | 0.77 | 0.76 |
| 0.40 | 0.06 | 0.59 | 0.49 | 0.78 | 0.76 |
| 0.32 | 0.06 | 0.54 | 0.50 | 0.83 | 0.84 |
| 0.39 | 0.07 | 0.56 | 0.51 | 0.87 | 0.89 |
| 0.36 | 0.10 | 0.63 | 0.57 | 0.91 | 0.97 |
| 0.33 | 0.19 | 0.61 | 0.60 | ? | ? |
| 0.33 | 0.20 | 0.67 | 0.62 | ? | ? |
Known known by above-mentioned experimental study by above-mentioned experiment, there is this certain relation than with voltage ratio in diameter, therefore utilizes diameter comparison strength of discharge to assess stronger engineering significance.Experimental study based on above-mentioned, the present invention is 70% to South Africa ultraviolet imager in gain, diameter has carried out Fitting Analysis than the variation characteristic with voltage ratio.First curve is carried out to Fitting Analysis needs to select suitable fitting function form, according to applying cheap property in the variation tendency of data and engineering reality, in this present invention, has selected an order polynomial to carry out Fitting Analysis, and fitting function expression formula is as follows:
f(x)＝p
1x+p
2
In above formula, p
1, p
2be a constant factor, f (x) is diameter ratio, and x is voltage ratio.In order to determine the p in formula
1and p
2value, the present invention has adopted least square curve fitting method to carry out Fitting Analysis to data, is the matching levels of precision of further quantitation curve, and the present invention has calculated the coefficient of determination r of each matched curve, and calculating formula is as follows:
In above formula, S
efor residual sum of squares (RSS), S
tfor total sum of squares, r ∈ [0,1], this value, more close to 1, represents that the fitting degree of curve is better.Shown in its fitting function expression formula of test figure and coefficient of determination value:
f(x)＝0.9001x-0.1401
Coefficient of determination value is 0.9526.
Matched curve under table 2 different gains and the coefficient of determination
| Gain | Fitting function | The coefficient of determination |
| 60％ | f(x)＝0.6481x-0.1008 | 0.9352 |
| 70％ | f(x)＝0.9001x-0.1401 | 0.9526 |
| 80％ | f(x)＝1.397x-0.3419 | 0.9181 |
| 90％ | f(x)＝1.518x-0.2402 | 0.9391 |
Embodiment 6, Fig. 8 is the fuzzy division schematic diagram of rod-plane gap state of insulation under voltage ratio provided by the invention, safely and steadily running of electric system in equipment deficiency serious harm, if thereby can utilize ultraviolet imagery method to estimate to give warning in advance to the insulation of electrical installation state of on-line operation has important theoretical and practical significance.The present invention has studied the relation of diameter ratio and voltage ratio, finds that diameter ratio and voltage ratio are approximately the relation of straight line, can judge according to diameter ratio and execute alive size, the operation conditions of judgment device.Find in test when voltage ratio is 20% when following, the electric discharge main manifestations of rod-plane gap is compared with light current corona, and hot spot is very little is only confined to excellent nose part, and cuts in and out, rod-plane gap is apart from puncturing the also larger distance of existence, so the present invention is defined as state of insulation " good "; When voltage ratio is between 20%-50%, the frequency that electric discharge hot spot occurs increases, and the size of electric discharge hot spot increases to some extent, but can not surpass 40% of rod-plane gap, so the present invention is state of insulation " better " by this section definition; When relative disruptive strength has reached 50%-80%, rod point starts to have occurred obvious, stable discharging hot spot, the length of spot diameter can reach 0.5 times of left and right of whole excellent plate distance, have the possibility puncturing, so the present invention is divided the state of state of insulation " poor "; After voltage surpasses 80%, its electric discharge is more violent, the thermal ionization process of rod point is very obvious, streamer advances, when hot spot is large, can reach the over half of whole clearance distance, now have a little voltage to increase, the hot spot that corona forms can extend forward voluntarily, finally complete whole breakdown process, so the present invention has reached relative disruptive strength more than 80% to be defined as state of insulation " very poor "; When relative disruptive strength reaches this intensity, mean that this clearance may puncture at any time.Based on above analysis, the present invention is divided into the state of insulation of short air gap in severe non-uniform electric field " good ", " better ", " poor " and " very poor " four grades, wherein state of insulation is divided into " place of safety " for " good " and the stage of " better ", state of insulation was divided into " forecast district " state of insulation " very poor " and is divided into " explosive area " for the stage of " poor ", meaning that clearance is closed on punctures, and need take appropriate measures.
Based on above-mentioned experimental study, show, fine or not degree and the diameter of state of insulation than between have good regularity, in fact above-mentioned rule can regard one group of rule and knowledge as, and in engineering reality often and do not require and obtain accurate magnitude of voltage, and only need to obtain a kind of state of insulation degree roughly, and this " roughly " belongs to a kind of fuzzy concept.Research shows that a lot of problems in reality are too complicated when getting up with traditional quantivative approach analysis, or known information source can only be qualitatively, uncertain or while inaccurately describing, fuzzy system is very effective, and the result obtaining is often much better than the resulting result of traditional mathematics method, based on this, the present invention introduces fuzzy method and has realized short clearance Condition assessment of insulation and flashover early warning.While find passing judgment on state of insulation fine or not according to experimental result, " good ", when " very poor ", adopt piecewise function comparatively suitable, in " better ", when " poor ", adopt normal distribution comparatively suitable.According to the relation of voltage ratio and diameter ratio, with diameter, recently short clearance state of insulation under severe non-uniform electric field is carried out to fuzzy division, thereby puncture early warning.Wherein, gain is that the ambiguity function of 70% time state of insulation is as follows:
Following table is the fuzzy division of the state of insulation under each gain
| Voltage ratio | 60％ | 70％ | 80％ | 90％ |
| 0.1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 0.2 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
| 0.3 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.22 |
| 0.4 | 0.16 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.37 |
| 0.5 | 0.22 | 0.31 | 0.36 | 0.52 |
| 0.6 | 0.29 | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.67 |
| 0.7 | 0.35 | 0.49 | 0.64 | 0.82 |
| 0.8 | 0.42 | 0.58 | 0.78 | 0.97 |
| 0.9 | 0.48 | 0.67 | 0.92 | 1.13 |
Finally pass through voltage ratio, the present invention adopts fuzzy division the state of insulation of short air gap in severe non-uniform electric field to be divided into " good ", " better ", " poor " and " very poor " four grades, diameter recently carries out fuzzy division to short clearance state of insulation under severe non-uniform electric field, thereby punctures early warning.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are: the short clearance of a kind of high voltage electric equipment that the present invention proposes punctures the method for early warning, provided the definition of " diameter ratio " and " voltage ratio ", and utilize the early warning that punctures that " diameter ratio " discharge, the power of utilizing " diameter ratio " DR parameter can not only effectively describe corona discharge is not also subject to the impact of observed range, utilizes diameter comparison strength of discharge to assess stronger engineering significance.The utilization " diameter ratio " that the present invention proposes punctures the method for early warning, effectively solved in prior art when puncturing early warning or on-the site analysis observed range and instrument gain the impact that factor causes has been set etc., can in actual field, directly obtain simply and easily result, be conducive to timely remover apparatus fault.The short clearance of this high voltage electric equipment punctures the method simple practical of early warning, analyzes efficiently, and early warning is accurate, has stronger generalization.
The above is only to preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention is to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, and equivalent variations and modification, all belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment punctures the method for early warning, it is characterized in that, the method that the short clearance of this high voltage electric equipment punctures early warning has proposed diameter and has compared and provided corresponding definition, designed and probed into diameter than with observed range, gained, the experimental program of the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage, and analyzed diameter ratio with observed range, gain, the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage, punctures early warning by " diameter ratio ";
Described diameter ratio, it is characterized by: the ultraviolet signal of blind area carries out imaging by day, analyze the state of insulation of short clearance and puncture early warning, rig-site utilization and be approximately circular in view of spot area, so propose " diameter ratio " DR (Diameter Ratio) parameter, DR=D
ds/ D
ag;
D
dsfor the major axis of the spot area in ultraviolet image, the pixel of unit, D
agfor the distance of the short-and-medium clearance of ultraviolet image, the pixel of unit;
Described " voltage ratio ", it is characterized by: voltage ratio is the voltage that applies on tested object and the ratio of actual theoretical voltage breakdown, at normal atmosphere, depresses, and the voltage breakdown of severe non-uniform electric field is 3.38kV/cm, according to clearance distance, can calculate theoretical breakdown voltage value;
Described probes into diameter ratio with observed range, gain, the experimental program of the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage, it is characterized by: the environment temperature of experiment is about 18 ℃, relative humidity is 60%, air pressure is 101.5kpa, adopt rod-plane gap system, bar electrode diameter is 3.8cm, and its head is conical, tip radius 2.0mm, plate electrode length and width are 2.0m, and ultraviolet imager model is CoroCAM504, during experiment over against discharge position, in the process of test, except changing the gain of instrument, other parameters adopt default setting.
2. the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment as claimed in claim 1 punctures the method for early warning, it is characterized in that, adopts the soft ripple pipe of aluminum to carry out effective shielding to being easy to form the position of discharging before experiment;
Wherein, the concrete steps of experimental program are:
Step 1, carries out wiring according to experimental wiring schematic diagram, guarantees the accurate safety of wiring;
Step 2, is decided to be 20cm by rod-plane gap, and observed range is 4m, 6m, 8m, 10m, 12m, 14m, 16m, 20m, 24m, 28m, 32m, 36m, 40m, 44m, during 48m, will adjust respectively gain by 30%-100%, step-length is 10%, adopts progressively pressurization, voltage is by 30kV-70kV, and step-length is 5kV, the image of record test gained;
Step 3, changes respectively rod-plane gap into 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, repeating step two;
Step 4, analyzes data result, probes into diameter than with observed range, gain, and the relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage.
3. the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment as claimed in claim 1 punctures the method for early warning, it is characterized in that, described diameter, than with observed range, gains, relation between rod-plane gap distance, voltage, is characterized by: observed range can be ignored on the impact of diameter ratio; And along with the increase gaining, diameter was than increasing faster before this, rear growth slows down, but growth rate is certain; Gain from 60% to 70% is again to 80%, and the growth of diameter ratio is similar, but the increase of 80% to 90% diameter ratio is less, and gain is 70% time, and diameter is than better with the increase linearity of voltage; Diameter ratio and voltage ratio are approximately linear relation under each gain, can judge and execute alive size according to diameter ratio.
4. the short clearance of high voltage electric equipment as claimed in claim 1 punctures the method for early warning, it is characterized in that, the described diameter that passes through recently punctures early warning, it is characterized by: DR is spot diameter and the short clearance diameter ratio of the discharging light spot region in ultraviolet image, and for a certain short clearance, its DR is larger, mean that region of discharge accounts for the body ratio in gap larger, illustrate that electric discharge ionized space is larger, discharge stronger, mean that the possibility puncturing is just larger; Utilize diameter ratio, fuzzy division by the state of insulation of short air gap in severe non-uniform electric field be divided into, better, poor and very poor four grades, thereby puncture early warning.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN104764411A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 华北电力大学 | Protective gap measuring device and method |
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| CN105806787A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-27 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | System and method for measuring lightning discharge electron density in long air gap |
| CN108414902A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-17 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of method and device for detecting minim gap gas breakdown characteristic |
| CN110261740A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-20 | 北京瑞盈智拓科技发展有限公司 | A kind of ultraviolet imagery discharge detection method and device |
| CN110829354A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Breakdown automatic protection device for insulation aging test |
| CN111896851A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-06 | 云南电力技术有限责任公司 | Method and system for predicting breakdown voltage of short air gap and storage medium |
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| CN104391233B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2018-03-20 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of the air gap breakdown test platform and the air gap breakdown test method |
| CN104391233A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-04 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Air gap breakdown testing bench and method |
| CN104764411A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 华北电力大学 | Protective gap measuring device and method |
| CN104764411B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2018-04-10 | 华北电力大学 | Portable protective gaps measurement apparatus and method |
| CN105259527A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-20 | 国网新疆电力公司检修公司 | Test method for calibrating detection results of different ultraviolet imaging instruments |
| CN105259527B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-08-17 | 国网新疆电力公司检修公司 | A kind of test method that different ultraviolet imager testing results are calibrated |
| CN105806787B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-06-28 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | The measuring system and method for long air gap lightning discharge electron density |
| CN105806787A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-27 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | System and method for measuring lightning discharge electron density in long air gap |
| CN108414902A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-17 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of method and device for detecting minim gap gas breakdown characteristic |
| CN110261740A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-20 | 北京瑞盈智拓科技发展有限公司 | A kind of ultraviolet imagery discharge detection method and device |
| CN110829354A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Breakdown automatic protection device for insulation aging test |
| CN110829354B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Breakdown automatic protection device for insulation aging test |
| CN111896851A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-06 | 云南电力技术有限责任公司 | Method and system for predicting breakdown voltage of short air gap and storage medium |
| CN111896851B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2023-04-14 | 云南电力技术有限责任公司 | Method and system for predicting breakdown voltage of short air gap and storage medium |
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