CN104033892A - Oxygen-enriched combustion method of volatilization klin - Google Patents
Oxygen-enriched combustion method of volatilization klin Download PDFInfo
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- CN104033892A CN104033892A CN201410297375.9A CN201410297375A CN104033892A CN 104033892 A CN104033892 A CN 104033892A CN 201410297375 A CN201410297375 A CN 201410297375A CN 104033892 A CN104033892 A CN 104033892A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oxygen-enriched combustion method of a volatilization klin and relates to the technical filed of klin equipment. The oxygen-enriched combustion method is implemented through an oxygen-enriched combustion device of the volatilization klin, and comprises the following steps: (1) preparing materials, namely mixing leaching slag and pulverized coal to obtain a mixture, wherein the moisture content of the leaching slag is less than 20%, the moisture content of the pulverized coal is less than 5% and the moisture content of the mixture is 12-18%; (2) preparing oxygen, namely preparing oxygen with a membrane separator, wherein the flow rate of the enriched oxygen is 3000-9000m<3>//h and the concentration of the enriched oxygen is 22-30%; (3) supplying air, namely an air compressor supplies 0.1-0.2MPa compressed oxygen-enriched air and the mixture is combusted with the oxygen-enriched air through a nozzle in the cavity of the volatilization klin. According to the oxygen-enriched combustion method, the problem that during production of the volatilization klin, the production cost is high because valuable metal is not volatilized completely and large amount of energy is wasted, is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to furnace equipment technical field, especially a kind of Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method for nonferrous smelting.
Background technology
Energy scarcity, unusual weather conditions have become China governments at all levels and the focus of all trades and professions first concern today, and along with the rapid growth of global economy, increasing to the demand of the energy, the energy has become the bottleneck of restriction economic growth.Zinc metallurgy industry is one of important basic material industry of China, and within 2012, national electric zinc output has broken through 4,830,000 tons, and every production 1t electricity zinc is wanted the initial leached mud of output 1～1.05t.China zinc hydrometallurgy enterprise adopts contains zinc and other valuable metal in the resulting leached mud of conventional extract technology, generally by Rotary Kiln, process leached mud and reclaim the valuable metals such as zinc, lead, indium, Rotary Kiln is processed in leached mud production process and is needed to consume a large amount of coal resources.Rotary Kiln is processed zinc leaching residue, owing to using air-breathing, causes pulverized coal friring insufficient, and not exclusively, zinc oxide soluble zinc rate reduces, and not only causes a large amount of energy wastes, and produces a large amount of waste gas and harmful sulfur dioxide gas in valuable metal volatilization.Fine coal quality is proposed to very high request, pulverized coal friring is incomplete simultaneously, causes kiln slag carbon containing high, higher containing zinc, affects metal recovery rate and Business Economic Benefit.
The enterprise of zinc metallurgy for a long time pays special attention to the promotion and application of industry energy-saving technology, in Rotary Kiln, processed progressively to carry out aspect zinc leaching residue in recent years and implemented such as: oxygen-enriched combusting, reduce the power-saving technologies such as the radiation loss of kiln brick, flue gas waste heat recovery, and obtained good effects of energy conservation and environmental protection.Oxygen-enriched combustion technology is receiving more and more many people's concern because of the superiority of its effects of energy conservation and environmental protection.People are greater than 21% air oxygen content and are called oxygen-enriched air, conventionally adopt oxygen purity as the burning-aid method of oxidant source, to be all oxygen-enriched combusting higher than the oxygen enrichment of atmosphere, with the oxygen-enriched air technology that even pure oxygen participates in combustion reaction, be called oxygen-enriched combustion technology, in Western industrialized economy, rich Combustion Technics is called as " resource creation technology ".Oxygen-enriched combustion technology at home Rotary Kiln cadmia is processed existing practical application, and oxygen enrichment is produced main employing pressure swing adsorption method, and oxygen enrichment flow is 1000～3000m
3/ h, oxygen-rich concentration is 50%～95%.Pressure swing adsorption method oxygen-enriched burning process comprises that the preparation of batching, oxygen, oxygen store, gas mixes, concentration debugging, to steps such as wind modes, obtained obvious energy-saving effect and the environmental protection effect that reduces atmosphere pollution.The oxygen-rich concentration that pressure swing adsorption method oxygen-enriched combusting provides is high, can mix with normal air and regulate arbitrarily oxygen concentration, its shortcoming is also clearly: construction investment is large, occupation area of equipment is large, pipeline valve is complicated, production maintenance cost is high, is to a certain degree hindering applying of pressure swing adsorption method oxygen-enriched combustion technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method, it can solve in Rotary Kiln production process, and not exclusively, mass energy waste, causes the problem that production cost is high in valuable metal volatilization.
In order to address the above problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: this Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method, and A, employing Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched burning device are realized, and this device comprises Rotary Kiln and is arranged on nozzle and the membrane separator of described Rotary Kiln inner chamber; The entrance admission of air of air cleaner, its outlet is communicated with the entrance of air blast, and the outlet of described air blast is communicated with the entrance of described membrane separator, and an outlet of described membrane separator is communicated with vavuum pump by pipeline, and another outlet is for discharging waste gas; Described vacuum delivery side of pump is communicated with the entrance of air accumulator, and the outlet of described air accumulator is communicated with the entrance of air compressor machine, and the outlet of described air compressor machine is communicated with described nozzle;
B, its implementation are:
1), batching: the initial leached mud drying that is 20%～30% by moisture obtains the leached mud that moisture is less than 20% after processing, and this leached mud and moisture are less than to 5% fine coal, and to be mixed to get moisture be 12%～18% compound;
2), oxygen enrichment preparation: adopt described membrane separator to carry out oxygen enrichment preparation, described oxygen enrichment flow is 3000～9000 cubes ms/h, and concentration is 22%～30%;
3), give wind mode: the compression oxygen-enriched air of being sent into 0.1～0.2 MPa by described air compressor machine; This oxygen-enriched air carries out oxygen-enriched combusting at Rotary Kiln inner chamber to described compound by described nozzle.
In technique scheme, more specifically scheme can also be: described leached mud particle diameter is 10～50 millimeters; Described fine coal is anthracite, and its component content is: fixed carbon 65～75%, volatile matter 4～7%, ash content 20～25%; Described fine coal particle diameter forms: coal particle diameter is less than 5 millimeters and accounts for 30%, and 5～25 millimeters of coal particle diameters account for 50%, and coal particle diameter is greater than 25 millimeters and accounts for 20%;
Further: described air blast is centrifugal high pressure fan.
Further: described vavuum pump is dry type Roots vaccum pump.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, the beneficial effect having is: owing to having adopted membrane-process oxygen enriched combustion device, reasonably promote in Rotary Kiln oxygen concentration and improve pulverized coal friring efficiency, with oxygen enrichment, improve the combustion process of Rotary Kiln coal dust, and reclaim the compression heat energy (oxygen-enriched air temperature 120～150 degree) in oxygen enrichment preparation process, and significantly reduced fuel consumption, improved the volatility of valuable metal.
Domestic certain 150t/d of the factory cadmia Rotary Kiln of take is example, oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting (flow 6000Nm
3/h, concentration 28%) and air-breathing comparison, the integrated application effect drawing is as following table:
By above-mentioned test result calculations, fractional energy savings (consumption coal): (600-510) ÷ 600=15%, year (300 days) can save mark coal: 90 * 150 * 300=4050000 kg, i.e. 4050 t, coal price is by 800 yuan/t, and a year wound economic benefit is: 4050 * 800=3240000 unit, 3,240,000 yuan; Product quality (soluble zinc rate) is improved, flue gas SO
2discharge significantly reduces, and economic benefit and environmental benefit are remarkable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1:
Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched burning device shown in Fig. 1, comprises Rotary Kiln 101 and the nozzle 102 that is arranged on Rotary Kiln inner chamber, membrane separator 106; The entrance admission of air of air cleaner 108, its outlet is communicated with the entrance of centrifugal high pressure fan 107, the outlet of described centrifugal high pressure fan 107 is communicated with the entrance of membrane separator 106, an outlet of membrane separator 106 is communicated with dry type Roots vaccum pump 105 by pipeline, and another outlet is for discharging waste gas; The outlet of dry type Roots vaccum pump 105 is communicated with the entrance of air accumulator 104, and the outlet of air accumulator 104 is communicated with the entrance of air compressor machine 103, and the outlet of air compressor machine 103 is communicated with nozzle 102.
Air cleaner 108 is equipped with double-stage high-efficient cartridge filters, one-level wet filter cylinder can filtering air under water spray condition in most of dust granules and greasy dirt, secondary dry filter cylinder can filtering residue granule dust, total filter efficiency reaches 99%; Membrane separator 106 is all joined by air that case, membrane module, oxygen enrichment are all in charge of, shell forms, the high-pressure blast that centrifugal high pressure fan 107 is sent into enters air and all joins case and pass into respectively membrane module to carry out oxygen, nitrogen separated, oxygen-enriched air is divided equally the import that passes into dry type Roots vaccum pump 105 after manifold collection by oxygen enrichment, membrane separator is assembled splicing according to the quantity of membrane module, reaches the oxygen enrichment flow of manufacturing technique requirent; Dry type Roots vaccum pump 105, compares water ring vacuum pump and has omitted water circulation drying process, and the oxygen-enriched air temperature after compression reaches 120～150 ℃, has improved the oxygen-enriched combusting thermal efficiency; Air compressor machine 103 produces the pressure of 0.1MPa, and import and air accumulator 104 join, outlet access nozzle 102; High-pressure oxygen-enriched wind action is that furnace charge is blown afloat and causes good stirring, and improves volatilization ability; Make kiln temperature even, reaction zone extends, and can make furnace charge suitably stir to guarantee in kiln 3% peroxide rate, accelerated reaction process.
Rotary Kiln is a skewed rotary kiln, from kiln tail, to kiln hood, be distributed with successively dry zone, preheating zone, reaction zone, salband, in Rotary Kiln, must keep 1000～1300 ℃ of high temperature mainly rely on the burning of coke powder, zinc fume and reach, the temperature that burning produces is not equiblibrium mass distribution in Rotary Kiln, and in general reaction zone temperature is the highest.The basic principle that Rotary Kiln is processed zinc leaching residue is: after dried initial leached mud mixes with fine coal, by kiln tail pipe of input, added, oxygen-enriched air is blasted by kiln hood, contact and burn into rapidly carbon monoxide with fine coal, produce the high temperature of 1000～1300 ℃, in leached mud, the valuable metal oxide such as zinc, lead, indium contacts with reducing agent carbon monoxide, be reduced into metallic vapour and enter flue gas, in flue gas, be oxidized to again metal oxide and with flue gas, leave Rotary Kiln and enter in dust collection device by under paved set.The main chemical reactions that in Rotary Kiln, reaction zone occurs is as follows:
In the bed of material: C+O
2=CO
2cO
2+ C=CO ZnO+CO=Zn ↑+CO
2znO+C=Zn ↑+CO
In bed of material overhead: 2Zn(gas)+O
2=2ZnO 2CO+C=2CO
2
Its technique of cadmia Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method comprises the preparation of batching, oxygen enrichment, to wind mode totally three steps.
1) batching: 1. to compound (leached mud, fine coal) moisture requirement: 12%, moisture is too high, and kiln temperature is difficult to improve, the easy balling-up of material, the easy conglomeration in preheating zone, kiln end temperature easily declines, and the moisture in furnace gas amount and furnace gas increases, and affects dust collection rate; Moisture is too low, and a large amount of slag dirt is taken away with cigarette, affects oxide powder and zinc quality; Initial leached mud is moisture 30%, moisture ﹤ 20% after dry kiln is dry, then and fine coal (moisture ﹤ 5%) mix and can reach technological requirement.2. leached mud particle diameter degree requires: 10～50 millimeters, granularity is too thick, although the good permeability of material, itself and reducing agent contact-making surface are little, affect the reduction rate of metal oxide; Granularity is too thin, and the gas permeability of material is bad, also affects reduction rate, and part dust is easily brought dust collecting system into simultaneously, affects flue dust quality.3. fine coal is used mainly as fuel, the double reducing agent of doing simultaneously, and fine coal requires as anthracite, fixed carbon 65%, volatile matter 4%, ash content 20%, as too high in fine coal volatile matter, be unfavorable for the prolongation of reaction zone.4. fine coal particle diameter degree is very large, too thick on the impact of producing, and furnace charge can be softening too early, causes ring formation, and slag raises containing zinc; Too thin, the gas permeability of furnace charge is bad, stir bad, slag containing zinc also high; Suitable pulverized coal particle size forms: be less than 5 millimeters and account for below 30%, 5～25 millimeters account for more than 50%, are greater than 25 millimeters and account for below 20%.
2) oxygen enrichment preparation adopts embrane method negative pressure oxygenerator to be prepared, its workflow is: first normal air filters out the impurity such as airborne dust granules and greasy dirt through air cleaner 108, with centrifugal high pressure fan 107, send into membrane separator 106, by dry type Roots vaccum pump 105 extracting vacuum, make the interior formation negative pressure of membrane separator 106, under the effect of pressure differential, infiltration rate faster oxygen takes the lead in being separated, the content that produces oxygen is 22%～30% oxygen-enriched air, oxygen-enriched air passes into air accumulator 104 again and stores, after air compressor machine 103 superchargings, by nozzle 102, in Rotary Kiln inside, carry out oxygen-enriched combusting.In the present embodiment, the power of dry type Roots vaccum pump 105 is 110 kilowatts, and oxygen enrichment flow reaches 3000m
3/ h, oxygen-rich concentration is 22%.
3) forced-air blast is by air compressor machine 103, to be blasted the compression oxygen-enriched air of 0.1MPa, and high-pressure oxygen-enriched wind action is that furnace charge is blown afloat and causes good stirring, to guarantee in kiln 5% peroxide rate, accelerated reaction process; Make kiln temperature even simultaneously, extend reaction zone, improve volatilization ability, improve product yield and quality.
Volatilization kiln temperature is higher, and the reduction rate of plumbous zinc oxide is faster, volatilize more complete, but excess Temperature, the corrosion aggravation to kiln lining, shortens life-span of kiln liner, and may produce furnace charge fusing, forms furnace accretion, worsens operating process, reduces metal recovery rate.Apply oxygen-enriched combustion technology and can stablize pulverized coal friring process in kiln, control reaction zone temperature, at oxygen-enriched combusting, keep under 1300 ℃ of hot conditions, at material, contain under C catalyst action, the SO generating during the interior coal dust firing of Rotary Kiln
2there is following chemical reaction: SO
2+ Ca
2++ O
2=CaSO
4, because oxygen-enriched combusting has increased the oxygen concentration reacting, impel reaction to carry out to the right, thereby reduced SO in flue gas
2concentration, has played solid sulphur effect.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt the Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched burning device shown in Fig. 1 to produce;
Its technique of cadmia Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method comprises the preparation of batching, oxygen enrichment, to wind mode totally three steps.
1) batching: 1. to compound (leached mud, fine coal) moisture requirement: 18%, initial leached mud moisture 20%.2. leached mud particle diameter degree requires: 10～50 millimeters.3. fine coal requires as anthracite, fixed carbon 75%, volatile matter 7%, ash content 25%.4. pulverized coal particle size forms: be less than 5 millimeters and account for below 30%, 5～25 millimeters account for more than 50%, are greater than 25 millimeters and account for below 20%.
2) oxygen enrichment preparation adopts embrane method negative pressure oxygenerator to be prepared, and in the present embodiment, the power of dry type Roots vaccum pump 105 is 500 kilowatts, and oxygen enrichment flow reaches 9000m
3/ h, oxygen-rich concentration is 30%.
3) forced-air blast is by air compressor machine 103, to be blasted the compression oxygen-enriched air of 0.2MPa.
Other operation principle is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched burning device shown in Fig. 1 is produced;
Its technique of cadmia Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method comprises the preparation of batching, oxygen enrichment, to wind mode totally three steps.
1) batching: 1. to compound (leached mud, fine coal) moisture requirement: 15%, initial leached mud moisture 25%.2. leached mud particle diameter degree requires: 10～50 millimeters.3. fine coal requires as anthracite, fixed carbon 70%, volatile matter 5%, ash content 23%.4. pulverized coal particle size forms: be less than 5 millimeters and account for below 30%, 5～25 millimeters account for more than 50%, are greater than 25 millimeters and account for below 20%.
2) oxygen enrichment preparation adopts embrane method negative pressure oxygenerator to be prepared, and in this example, the power of dry type Roots vaccum pump 105 is 300 kilowatts, and oxygen enrichment flow reaches 6000m
3/ h, oxygen-rich concentration is 28%.
3) forced-air blast is by air compressor machine 103, to be blasted the compression oxygen-enriched air of 0.15MPa.
Other operation principle is identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1. a Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method, is characterized in that: A, employing Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched burning device are realized, and this device comprises Rotary Kiln (101) and is arranged on nozzle (102) and the membrane separator (106) of described Rotary Kiln inner chamber; The entrance admission of air of air cleaner (108), its outlet is communicated with the entrance of air blast (107), the outlet of described air blast (107) is communicated with the entrance of described membrane separator (106), an outlet of described membrane separator (106) is communicated with vavuum pump (105) by pipeline, and another outlet is for discharging waste gas; The outlet of described vavuum pump (105) is communicated with the entrance of air accumulator (104), and the outlet of described air accumulator (104) is communicated with the entrance of air compressor machine (103), and the outlet of described air compressor machine (103) is communicated with described nozzle (102);
B, its implementation are:
1), batching: the initial leached mud drying that is 20%～30% by moisture obtains the leached mud that moisture is less than 20% after processing, and this leached mud and moisture are less than to 5% fine coal, and to be mixed to get moisture be 12%～18% compound;
2), oxygen enrichment preparation: adopt described membrane separator (106) to carry out oxygen enrichment preparation, described oxygen enrichment flow is 3000～9000 cubes ms/h, and concentration is 22%～30%;
3), give wind mode: the compression oxygen-enriched air of being sent into 0.1～0.2 MPa by described air compressor machine (103); This oxygen-enriched air carries out oxygen-enriched combusting at Rotary Kiln inner chamber to described compound by described nozzle (102).
2. Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described leached mud particle diameter is 10～50 millimeters; Described fine coal is anthracite, and its component content is: fixed carbon 65～75%, volatile matter 4～7%, ash content 20～25%; Described fine coal particle diameter forms: coal particle diameter is less than 5 millimeters and accounts for 30%, and 5～25 millimeters of coal particle diameters account for 50%, and coal particle diameter is greater than 25 millimeters and accounts for 20%.
3. Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described air blast (107) is centrifugal high pressure fan.
4. according to the Rotary Kiln oxygen-enriched combusting method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: described vavuum pump (105) is dry type Roots vaccum pump.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105130166A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-09 | 中材科技股份有限公司 | Pure oxygen combustion system for rock wool melt temperature multi-point accuracy control |
| CN107881323A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-04-06 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of oxygen-enriched reinforcing method of roasting of nonferrous metal resources |
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