Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to after the dehydration that above-mentioned prior art exists that water ratio is high, the problem of production run continuously, provide that a kind of continuously-running, production efficiency are high, the dehydration low deep dehydration method for sludge of water ratio afterwards.
Technical solution of the present invention is, a kind of deep dehydration method for sludge of following structure is provided, based on sludge deep dehydrator, described sludge deep dehydrator comprises leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, between leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, be provided with differential mechanism, described leading portion dewatering unit comprises the first rotary drum and spiral pushing device, described spiral pushing device is positioned at the first rotary drum, described back segment dewatering unit comprises the second rotary drum and spiral pressure filter, described spiral pressure filter is positioned at the second rotary drum
The step of described deep dehydration method for sludge is as follows:
Sewage is delivered in the first rotary drum by pipeline, and the first rotary drum and spiral pushing device differential rotate, and under the effect of centrifugal force, mud is got rid of to the first drum inner wall, forms solid layer, and water forms liquid level in solid layer inner side, and isolated liquid is discharged;
Mud after treatment leading portion dewatering unit is delivered in the second rotary drum of back segment dewatering unit, between spiral pressure filter and the second rotary drum, form multiple chambers, multiple chambers reduce successively after going to, spiral pressure filter rotates and pushes mud, make mud enter successively multiple chambers, its water ratio constantly reduces, and the spiral pressure filter moisture that extruding produces to mud is discharged by drainage mechanism.
Adopt above method, the present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages: adopt the present invention, dewatered by two-stage dewatering unit, leading portion dewatering unit is mainly by the moisture in centrifugal mode filtering sewage, because the density of mud granule and water is different, Distribution of sludge is at skin, sewage is distributed in internal layer, through the processing of leading portion dewatering unit, can be that water ratio reaches 80% mud by the sewage disposal of water ratio 98%, mud transfer mechanism is delivered to the mud in the first rotary drum in the second rotary drum, back segment dewatering unit adopts mode centrifugal and press filtration to be further processed sewage, centrifugal synchronous with press filtration, thereby greatly reduce the water ratio of sewage, make sludge outlet moisture percentage in sewage sludge out reach requirement, continuously-running of the present invention, production efficiency is high, after dehydration, water ratio is low.
As improvement, described spiral pressure filter comprises the second screw shaft and spiral press filtration blade, described spiral press filtration blade is made up of resilient material, in spiral press filtration blade, is provided with high pressure fluid channel, passes into high pressure fluid with inflationary spiral press filtration blade by propulsion source in high pressure fluid channel.Like this, expand and push mud by high pressure fluid, thereby realize press filtration, improve dewatering efficiency, and reduce water ratio.
As improvement, described drainage mechanism is located on spiral pressure filter, comprise drainage channel and arrange thereon hole, described hole outside is provided with filtering layer, under the rotation and extruding of spiral press filtration blade, the moisture that is press-filtered out through filtering layer filter laggard enter hole, finally discharged by drainage channel.
As improvement, on drainage channel, be provided with air pump, after dehydration finishes, by air pump, high pressure gas are filled in drainage channel, the mud granule being blocked on hole and filtering layer is cleaned.Effectively prevent that mud granule from stopping up the phenomenon of hole and filtering layer, thus the normal operation of support equipment.
As improvement, the rear end of the second described rotary drum is provided with end plate, is also provided with filtering layer on described end plate, and on end plate, the inner side of filtering layer is provided with hole, and the hole on end plate is also connected with drainage channel.Like this, just can squeeze out liquid by the filtering layer at end plate place and hole, be discharged by drainage channel, further reduce water ratio.
As improvement, be provided with pressure transmitter in the rear end of spiral pressure filter, the inner bottom part position of the second rotary drum, and offer sludge outlet, be provided with the slide valve for opening and closing sludge outlet at sludge outlet place.Like this, owing to having cognation between the water ratio of mud and pressure, can judge whether to meet the requirements of water ratio by the pressure of pressure transmitter, thereby be convenient to regulate the water ratio of outlet mud.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sludge deep dehydrator schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of accompanying drawing 1;
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of accompanying drawing 1.
As shown in the figure, 1, motor, 2, the first rotary drum, 3, spiral pushing device, 3.1, the first screw shaft, 3.2, spiral centrifugal blade, 4, the first differential mechanism, 5, the first row mouth of a river, 6, the second differential mechanism, 7, the second rotary drum, 8, spiral pressure filter, 8.1, the second screw shaft, 8.2, spiral press filtration blade, 9, mud transfer mechanism, 10, filtering layer, 11, drainage channel, 12, feeding-passage, 13, feeding-distribution device, 14, sealing member, 15, centrifugal filter press chamber, 16, spacing back-up ring, 17, high pressure fluid channel, 18, laterally set collar, 19, radially set collar, 20, hole, 21, end plate, 22, pressure transmitter, 23, sludge outlet, 24, slide valve, 25, air pump, 26, controller, 27, case, 28, the second row mouth of a river.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in the figure, deep dehydration method for sludge of the present invention, based on sludge deep dehydrator, described sludge deep dehydrator comprises leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, between leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, be provided with differential mechanism, described leading portion dewatering unit comprises the first rotary drum 2 and spiral pushing device 3, described spiral pushing device 3 is positioned at the first rotary drum 2, described back segment dewatering unit comprises the second rotary drum 7 and spiral pressure filter 8, described spiral pressure filter 8 is positioned at the second rotary drum 7
The step of described deep dehydration method for sludge is as follows:
Sewage is delivered in the first rotary drum 2 by pipeline, and the first rotary drum 2 and spiral pushing device 3 differentials rotate, under the effect of centrifugal force, mud is got rid of to the first rotary drum 2 inwalls, form solid layer, water forms liquid level in solid layer inner side, and isolated liquid is discharged;
Mud after treatment leading portion dewatering unit is delivered in the second rotary drum 7 of back segment dewatering unit, between spiral pressure filter 8 and the second rotary drum 7, form multiple chambers (centrifugal filter press chamber 15), multiple chambers reduce successively after going to, spiral pressure filter 8 rotates and pushes mud, make mud enter successively multiple chambers, its water ratio constantly reduces, and the spiral pressure filter moisture that extruding produces to mud is discharged by drainage mechanism.
The concrete structure of sludge deep dehydrator is as follows: sludge deep dehydrator comprises motor 1, leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, described leading portion dewatering unit comprises the first rotary drum 2 and spiral pushing device 3, at described motor 1 and the first rotary drum 2, between spiral pushing device 3, be provided with the first differential mechanism 4, described spiral pushing device 3 is positioned at the first rotary drum 2, in the first rotary drum 2, be provided with the first row mouth of a river 5, between leading portion dewatering unit and back segment dewatering unit, be provided with the second differential mechanism 6, described back segment dewatering unit comprises the second rotary drum 7 and spiral pressure filter 8, described spiral pressure filter 8 is positioned at the second rotary drum 7, between the first rotary drum 2 and the second rotary drum 7, be provided with mud transfer mechanism 9, described filtering layer 10 and the drainage channel 11 of being provided with on spiral pressure filter 8, described drainage channel 11 is connected with the second rotary drum 7 by filtering layer 10.
In said structure, spiral pushing device 3 comprises the first screw shaft 3.1 and spiral centrifugal blade 3.2, and spiral pressure filter 8 comprises the second screw shaft 8.1 and spiral press filtration blade 8.2.The first screw shaft 3.1 is connected by the second differential mechanism 6 with the second screw shaft 8.1, and the medullary ray of the two is located along the same line.Insert feeding-passage 12 at the first screw shaft 3.1 and the second screw shaft 8.1, the front end of described feeding-passage 12 is provided with feeding-distribution device 13, by feeding-distribution device 13, mud is evenly sent in the first rotary drum 2.
The first rotary drum 2 and spiral pushing device 3 are under motor 1 drives, both rotating speed differences under the first differential mechanism 4 effects, spiral pushing device 3 is common spiral conveyer, its vane thickness is thinner, between the first rotary drum 2 and spiral pushing device 3, be provided with sealing member 14, sealing member 14 is dynamic seal, is arranged on rotary drum 2, and mud is played to sealing function.In first paragraph centrifugal dehumidifier, the sewage of water ratio approximately 98% is carried out to centrifuge dehydration, the first rotary drum 2 of high speed rotating produces powerful centrifugal force, mud granule is because density is large, and centrifugal force is also large, therefore, mud is got rid of to be attached on the first rotary drum 2 inwalls, forms solid layer; And the density of water is less, centrifugal force is also little, can only form liquid level in solid circular layer inner side.Because spiral pushing device 3 is different with the rotating speed of the first rotary drum 2, there is speed discrepancy in the two, the mud that is deposited on the first rotary drum 2 inwalls is transported in back segment dewatering unit under the effect of mud transfer mechanism 9 (adopting rotor pump in the present embodiment), and isolated water is discharged by the first row mouth of a river 5.Mud is after leading portion dewatering unit is processed, and its water ratio can reach 80% left and right, and the volume of mud reduces compared with during with import greatly, is about 1/10 of import sewage volume.
Back segment dewatering unit is centrifugal and press filtration combination dehydration, and the mud entering in back segment dewatering unit has reached certain water ratio, and centrifuge dehydration has been partial action, is Main Function and filter-press dehydration plays.So the second screw shaft 8.1 further slows down by the second differential mechanism 6, to ensure the stability of back segment dewatering unit operation.Mud and sewage is when the power that is centrifuged separates, and mud is also subject to spiral press filtration blade 8.2 and pushes, and moisture is extruded at the same time out, realizes centrifugal filter press combination dehydration, centrifugally synchronizes with press filtration.
The second rotary drum 7, spiral pressure filter 8 form centrifugal filter press chamber 15 between (comprising the second screw shaft 8.1 and spiral press filtration blade 8.2), centrifugal filter press chamber 15 volumes are along with the travel direction of mud dwindles gradually, the volume of the each chamber sludge volume different from water ratio in different chamber is corresponding one by one, as the water ratio that enters back segment dewatering unit is 80%, water ratio after treatment is 60%, the half that volume of last chamber of back segment dewatering unit is first chamber volume; If by leading portion dewatering unit, have the mud of water ratio 98% to be down to water ratio 60%, last chamber volume is first chamber volume 5 percent, and the volume of whole device increases greatly.
Spiral press filtration blade 8.2 is for having the blade of making compared with scantling and favorable elasticity material, its width is about the 1/3-1/2 of the second screw shaft 8.1 pitch, in screw-blade 8.2, pass into 1.2-1.5 that its volume after pressure can increase to its original volume doubly, after passing into highly pressurised liquid, can be as the criterion to the larger pressure of sludge creation, spiral press filtration blade 8.2 is subject to compression swelling, normal pressure is replied ortho states, spiral press filtration blade 8.2 surroundings are wrapped in filtering layer 10 (adopting filter cloth in the present embodiment), the filter cloth that filter cloth 10 can adopt plate-and-frame filter press of the prior art to adopt.The both sides of spiral press filtration blade 8.2 are provided with spacing back-up ring 16, spiral press filtration blade 8.2 can only be expanded, and axial float can not occur.
In spiral press filtration blade, be provided with high pressure fluid channel 17, in high pressure fluid channel 17, pass into high pressure fluid with inflationary spiral press filtration blade 8.2 by propulsion source (can adopt hydro-pump).Described drainage channel 11 is provided with horizontal set collar 18, is provided with radially set collar 19 in described high pressure fluid channel 17; Laterally set collar 18 can prevent in the time of high pressure fluid inflationary spiral press filtration blade, can prevent the phenomenon that causes drainage channel 11 to seal because of extruding, radially set collar 19 can prevent from causing between spiral press filtration blade and the second rotary drum stressed excessive because of blade expansion, reduce the frictional force of blades turning, be provided with wearing layer in spiral press filtration blade 8.2 outer rims, by the interior wall friction of wearing layer and the second rotary drum.
Described drainage channel 11 is located in spiral pressure filter 8, is placed with the hole 20 being interconnected on drainage channel 11, and described hole 20 is positioned at the inner side of filtering layer; Hole 20 is arranged on the second screw shaft 8.1 and spiral press filtration blade 8.2 simultaneously, and being interconnected of hole 20 both can refer to be communicated with by drainage channel, also can, by the hole link between hole, design depending on particular case.
Described drainage channel 11 comprises the circular channel that is arranged in the second screw shaft and is arranged at the apocenosis passage in spiral press filtration blade, and the hole on the second screw shaft is extended by annular drainage channel outward radial, and the outer end of hole is by filtering layer annular parcel.Annular drainage channel is set in screw shaft, has improved the flow of drainage channel, be also convenient to the layout of hole simultaneously.
The rear end of the second described rotary drum 7 is provided with end plate 21, and described end plate 21 is provided with filtering layer, and on end plate 21, the inner side of filtering layer is provided with hole.Just can squeeze out liquid by the filtering layer at end plate place and hole, in order to obtain the effect of better catchmenting, this part hole also can be communicated with drainage channel, be discharged together by drainage channel.
Be provided with pressure transmitter 22 in the rear end of spiral pressure filter 8, the inner bottom part position of the second rotary drum 7, and offer sludge outlet 23, be provided with the slide valve 24 for opening and closing sludge outlet at sludge outlet 23 places.Owing to having cognation between the water ratio of mud and pressure, can judge whether to meet the requirements of water ratio by the pressure of pressure transmitter, pressure is larger, dewaters better, and water ratio is lower.Pressure transmitter 22 and slide valve 24 can be controlled by controller, thus accurately measuring stress of energy, and can make rapidly response.
Because mud fine particle easily stops up hole and filter cloth (filtering layer), as cleaned not in time, will produce material impact to the operating performance of equipment.After dehydration finishes, by air pump 25, high pressure gas are filled in drainage channel 11, the small mud granule being blocked on hole and filter cloth is rinsed.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows: the sewage of water ratio approximately 98% enters by opening for feed in the hollow hole of screw shaft, enter feeding-distribution device from hollow hole, under motor drives, the first rotary drum and spiral pushing device high speed rotating, the first rotary drum of high speed rotating produces powerful centrifugal force, and mud granule is because density is large, centrifugal force is also large, therefore, mud is got rid of to be attached on drum inner wall, forms solid layer.And the density of water is less, centrifugal force is also little, can only form liquid level in solid circular layer inner side.Because the rotating speed under the effect of differential mechanism of screw feeder and rotary drum is different, there is speed discrepancy in the two, and isolated water is discharged by the first row mouth of a river, and the mud that is deposited on drum inner wall pumps into the processing that enters next link in the second rotary drum by rotor pump.Mud can reach 80% left and right at leading portion dewatering unit water ratio after treatment, and the volume of mud reduces compared with during with import greatly, is about 1/10 of import sewage volume.
Under the effect of rotor pump, the mud of water ratio approximately 80% enters into back segment dewatering unit, under the second differential mechanism effect, the speed of the second screw shaft further reduces, under the centrifugation of screw shaft, mud is thrown on the second rotary drum (the second rotary drum can not rotate) inwall, and moisture enters into drainage channel by filter cloth and hole on the second screw shaft and spiral press filtration blade; On the other hand, because centrifugal filter press cavity volume is more and more less, mud is constantly extruded, meanwhile, highly pressurised liquid enters in spiral press filtration blade, and spiral press filtration blade expands, further mud is pushed, mud has been subject to enough large squeeze, and mud granule rests in centrifugal filter press chamber, and moisture enters into the drainage channel in spiral press filtration blade by the hole on filter cloth and screw-blade.Along with the not stall of screw shaft is moving, mud is pushed to low order end from high order end, moisture is constantly extruded, during to low order end, according to the different volumes that last centrifugal filter press chamber is set of the volume of the corresponding mud of water ratio, ensure that mud enters into low order end and substantially can reach the requirement of water ratio, entering in last cavity, under the extruding of screw-blade and end plate, the pressure of mud can be larger, can further extrude the moisture in mud, the pressure that reaches setting when the suffered pressure of mud (now, the water ratio of mud also reaches requirement, because the water ratio of mud and pressure have certain corresponding relation) time, signal is transferred to controller by pressure transmitter, controller opens slide valve, mud is discharged.Air pump starts to open, and high pressure gas enter in the hole in the second screw shaft and spiral press filtration blade by drainage channel, and the small mud granule stopping up on hole and filter cloth is cleaned up, and improves work reliability and the dehydrating effect of equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the advantage of existing centrifuge, have again the advantage of plate-and-frame filter press concurrently, can solve centrifuge dewatering after water ratio higher, can solve again the not high problem of plate-and-frame filter press discontinuous operation production efficiency; Centrifugally synchronize and carry out with press filtration, improve dehydrating effect; This device is compared with board and frame machine, and floor space is little, and noise is little, and operating environment is closed, safety and sanitation.
Below only just preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, but can not be interpreted as it is limitations on claims.The present invention is not only confined to above embodiment, and its concrete structure allows to change.In a word, all various variations of doing in the protection domain of independent claim of the present invention are all in protection scope of the present invention.