CN104022687B - Based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism - Google Patents
Based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Based on a multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device for self-excited vibration mechanism, comprise base, coil, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer), mass, linking springs, high frequency permanent magnet, low frequency permanent magnet and low frequency spring.Described coil is arranged at chassis interior bottom surface; Mass is positioned at chassis interior center, and is connected with base by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s; Universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is made up of two angle-style elastic metallic substrates, Stiff Block, upper strata piezoelectric patches and lower floor's piezoelectric patches, Stiff Block is fixed on the corner of angle-style elastic metallic substrate, and upper strata piezoelectric patches and lower floor's piezoelectric patches are pasted on upper and lower two surfaces of angle-style elastic metallic substrate respectively; High frequency permanent magnet is positioned at chassis interior center; Mass is connected by linking springs with high frequency permanent magnet; Low frequency permanent magnet is positioned at chassis interior center.This device can realize, to effective collection of one fixed width frequency band internal vibration energy under lower frequency and varying environment direction of vibration condition, enhancing the practicality of device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to novel energy and electronic technology field, particularly a kind of multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism.
Background technology
In recent years; along with socioeconomic high speed development; day by day increase severely to the demand of the energy, environmental pollution and energy shortage become a common difficulty of puzzlement countries in the world, and the ecological deterioration caused therefrom and energy crisis start to affect economic development and people's life gradually.Under the pressure of this pressure, various countries scientific worker starts the exploration of searching and the development of new energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, wave energy etc.Vibration is as the common phenomenon in daily life, and because it has higher energy density, its potential energy value has caused the concern of increasing researcher.At present, the device for realizing vibration energy harvesting mainly contains piezoelectric type, electromagnetic type and electrostatic three kinds.For these three kinds of energy collection technology schemes, it only depends on the life-span of each components and parts of composition energy gathering apparatus for electric life in theory, clean environment firendly, is a kind of typical " green " energy technology.
Based on this, the current energy gathering apparatus occurring various pattern, as the cantilever beam structure based on piezoelectric, Cymbal structure, stack shape structure etc., also have the moving-coil type, moving-iron type structure etc. based on electromagnetism, and the electret-type structure etc. based on theory of electronics.Make a general survey of the present Research of vibration energy harvesting technology, above-mentioned energy gathering apparatus is one direction, single resonant frequency mainly, and resonance frequency is higher, its use occasion is very strong to the selectivity of vibration environment, like this when there is various direction and vibration frequency change within the specific limits low-frequency vibration, the energy that above-mentioned energy collecting device is collected will be very limited, limit its popular promoting the use of.
Therefore on January 3rd, 2014, present inventor applied for that the patent No. is CN2014100022797 and CN2014200029170, the patent that denomination of invention is " a kind of multi-direction piezoelectric-electrcombinedc combinedc energy gathering apparatus " is to overcome the above problems, but still there are the following problems for it:
1) this application can only realize the collection of energy to upper frequency ambient vibration, because under low-frequency ambient vibrations, want to realize high efficiency collection of energy, the rigidity of inevitable requirement universal angularpitch type PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is wherein less, to reduce the natural frequency of whole device, this just easily causes the piezoelectric ceramic piece that universal angularpitch type PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is pasted to produce cracked owing to being out of shape excessive in vibration, therefore there is the defect can not carrying out low-frequency ambient vibrations collection of energy.
2) this application can only realize, to effective collection of a certain frequency vibration energy, namely belonging to single resonant frequency energy gathering apparatus, therefore there is the defect effectively can not collecting environment vibrational energy in wider frequency range.
For above defect, applicant re-starts design, designs the application's relevant programme.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the defect in aforementioned background art and deficiency, a kind of multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism is provided, it can make up energy gathering apparatus in existing vibration energy harvesting technology can only the low and more high defect of natural frequency of the vibration of certain fixed-direction responsive and certain fixed frequency, efficiency of energy collection, no matter how direction of vibration changes, can both within the scope of certain frequency greater efficiency collect low-frequency ambient vibrations energy.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, and the technical scheme adopted is:
The invention provides a kind of multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism, comprise base, coil, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer), mass, linking springs, high frequency permanent magnet, low frequency permanent magnet and low frequency spring, described coil is arranged at chassis interior bottom surface, described mass is positioned at chassis interior center, and is connected with base by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s; Described universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is made up of two angle-style elastic metallic substrates, Stiff Block, upper strata piezoelectric patches and lower floor's piezoelectric patches, described Stiff Block is fixed on the corner of angle-style elastic metallic substrate, and described upper strata piezoelectric patches and lower floor's piezoelectric patches are pasted on upper and lower two surfaces of angle-style elastic metallic substrate respectively; Described high frequency permanent magnet is positioned at chassis interior center, and is connected with base by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s; Described mass is connected by linking springs with high frequency permanent magnet; Described low frequency permanent magnet is positioned at chassis interior center, and is connected with base by two low frequency springs.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described two angle-style elastic metallic substrates connect in vertical, maximum in vertically connecting collection efficiency through proving two angle-style elastic metallic substrates.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described upper strata piezoelectric patches and lower floor's piezoelectric patches are rectangular shape, and through-thickness polarization, although piezoelectric patches of the present invention can polarize along different directions, transducing best results after through-thickness polarization.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the angle of described angle-style elastic metallic substrate can change between 0 ° to 180 °, and bent angle of the present invention can be designed to different angles as required.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the rigidity of described linking springs and low frequency spring varies in size, because the present invention often has requirement to low frequency spring strength, and does not have linking springs, and therefore linking springs of the present invention and low frequency spring rate can be different.
As a further improvement on the present invention, when described high frequency permanent magnet is installed with low frequency permanent magnet, pole is to identical, and when high frequency permanent magnet of the present invention is installed with low frequency permanent magnet, pole is to identical, also can normally use.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described base is energy gathering apparatus housing, and base of the present invention can be gathering-device so that collected in time by energy.
After adopting such scheme, the present invention is by arranging base, coil, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer), mass, linking springs, high frequency permanent magnet, low frequency permanent magnet and low frequency spring, lower or when not knowing that the situation in ambient vibration direction or environmental vibration frequency change within the specific limits at environmental vibration frequency, also can install and use, device strong adaptability; Meanwhile, be compounded with piezoelectric type energy collection structure and electromagnetic energy collection structure in energy gathering apparatus, improve the efficiency of energy collection of energy gathering apparatus, further enhancing the practicality of device.
Compared with original application, the application also has following advantage:
(1) present patent application can realize the collection of energy of low-frequency ambient vibrations.By arranging low frequency permanent magnet and high frequency permanent magnet in present patent application, dither low-frequency ambient vibrations being converted to high frequency permanent magnet can be realized, and then causing the forced vibration of the universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) be connected with high frequency permanent magnet, implement device is by the conversion of mechanical energy to electric energy.
(2) present patent application can realize wide band collection of energy.High frequency permanent magnet and mass is connected by arranging linking springs in present patent application, and it is different with the quality of mass to arrange high frequency permanent magnet, the frequency band that device collects vibrational energy can be widened, i.e. the collection environment vibrational energy of implement device greater efficiency within the scope of certain frequency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) in the present invention;
Concrete parts are as follows:
1, base; 2, coil; 3, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer);
31, angle-style elastic metallic substrate; 32, Stiff Block; 33, upper strata piezoelectric patches;
34, lower floor's piezoelectric patches; 4, mass; 5, linking springs;
6, high frequency permanent magnet; 7, low frequency permanent magnet; 8, low frequency spring.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, invention is described in detail:
Shown in composition graphs 1, the invention provides a kind of multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism, comprise base 1, coil 2, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3, mass 4, linking springs 5, high frequency permanent magnet 6, low frequency permanent magnet 7 and low frequency spring 8, introduce respectively below.
Base 1 is the cube structure of hollow, to place coil 2, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3, mass 4, linking springs 5, high frequency permanent magnet 6, low frequency permanent magnet 7 and low frequency spring 8.
Coil 2 is positioned over base 1 inner bottom surface, and is annular plane structure, and its copper core selecting resistivity little makes, and the number of turn of coil 2 can require according to output voltage and vibration frequency design.
The number of universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 can design according to the excursion difference of external environment vibration frequency, as being designed to 4 in the present embodiment, wherein, two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 two ends are separately fixed in base 1 and quality fast 4, and another two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 two ends are separately fixed on base 1 and high frequency permanent magnet 6; Coordinate shown in Fig. 2, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 is made up of two angle-style elastic metallic substrates 31, Stiff Block 32, upper strata piezoelectric patches 33 and lower floor's piezoelectric patches 34; Wherein, the angle of angle-style elastic metallic substrate 31 can change between 0 ° to 180 °; Upper strata piezoelectric patches 33 and lower floor's piezoelectric patches 34 are attached at upper surface and the lower surface of angle-style elastic metallic substrate 31 respectively in the same way, in order to being electric energy by direct piezoelectric effect by changes mechanical energy, described upper strata piezoelectric patches 33 and the polarization of lower floor's piezoelectric patches 34 through-thickness; Stiff Block 32 is located at the angle of angle-style elastic metallic substrate 31, the angle being used for rigidly fixing angle-style elastic metallic substrate 31 is beneficial to the flexural deformation of angle-style elastic metallic substrate 31, it should be noted that, the natural frequency that universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 vibrates and external environment have nothing to do, and only depend on the quality of the size of universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 and mass 4, high frequency permanent magnet 6.
Mass 4 is positioned at base 1 inside center, is made up of metal material, can be spherical structure or cube structure, and is connected with universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3.
The number of linking springs 5 can design according to universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 is different with the number of mass 4, and as being designed to 1 in the present embodiment, and linking springs 5 is connected to mass 4 and high frequency permanent magnet 6.
High frequency permanent magnet 6 is made up of ferromagnetic material, and is connected to two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 3.
Low frequency permanent magnet 7 is made up of ferromagnetic material, and is connected to two low frequency springs 8.
The number of low frequency spring 8 is 2, and two low frequency spring 8 two ends respectively connected base 1 and low frequency permanent magnet 7, and two low frequency springs 8 are different with linking springs 5 stiffness coefficient.
Device operationally, is placed in a certain complicated low-frequency vibration environment having multiple directions or vibration frequency and change within the specific limits, and is fixed by base 1 by the present embodiment, inducing device medium and low frequency permanent magnet 7 is produced forced vibration by the low-frequency vibration in environment, when low frequency permanent magnet 7 moves downward, active force between low frequency permanent magnet 7 and high frequency permanent magnet 6 constantly increases, thus attract high frequency permanent magnet 6 to move upward, when low frequency permanent magnet 7 moves upward, active force between low frequency permanent magnet 7 and high frequency permanent magnet 6 constantly reduces, high frequency permanent magnet 6 moves downward under the resilient force of coupled universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3, thus cause high frequency permanent magnet 6 to produce up-down vibration, due to the natural frequency that the natural frequency of high frequency permanent magnet 6 vibration is vibrated far above low frequency permanent magnet 7, thus implement device is by the self-excited vibration of low frequency to high frequency, the dither of high frequency permanent magnet 6 and then cause the forced vibration of connected two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 3, angle-style elastic metallic substrate 31 will produce the flexural deformation of alternately change, thus the upper strata piezoelectric patches 33 making to be pasted onto on angle-style elastic metallic substrate 31 and lower floor's piezoelectric patches 34 produce the flexural deformation of alternately change, according to the direct piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric, the positive and negative electrode face of upper strata piezoelectric patches 33 and lower floor's piezoelectric patches 34 produces positive and negative contrary electric charge, namely achieves by the conversion of mechanical energy to electric energy, during owing to pasting, the polarised direction of upper strata piezoelectric patches 33 and lower floor's piezoelectric patches 34 is contrary, thus will produce the electric charge of same-sign in the bottom electrode face of power on pole-face and lower floor's piezoelectric patches 34 of upper strata piezoelectric patches 33.Because the universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 of the present embodiment to be centrosymmetric distribution about mass 4, and universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 is in gimbal type, and thus the vibration of different directions all can be perceived.In addition, by arranging high frequency permanent magnet 6 and mass 4 has different quality, and be connected by linking springs 5, thus widened the frequency range that device collects vibrational energy.In addition, owing to arranging coil 2 in base 1 inner bottom surface, in the forced vibration of low frequency permanent magnet 7 and high frequency permanent magnet 6, coil 2 will produce cutting magnetic line movement, thus can induced current be produced in coil 2, namely this combined type energy collecting device electromagnet portion is achieved by the conversion of mechanical energy to electric energy, by integrated piezoelectric formula collection of energy structure and electromagnetic type collection structure in energy gathering apparatus, not only optimize the overall dimension of device entirety, also improve the energy output of energy gathering apparatus simultaneously.As can be seen here, present invention achieves low frequency, multi-direction, wide band vibration energy harvesting.
It should be noted that, the present invention can be widely used in field communication and sensing network equipment, the Monitoring and Controlling of environmental and climatic change, building (as bridge, building etc.) and big machinery (as aircraft, steamer etc.) monitoring structural health conditions etc. need the field of power self-support, multiple universal transducer wherein can use precision processing technology processing and fabricating, integrated with what realize with MEMS (micro electro mechanical system); Also can adopt conventional machining process method simultaneously, as cutting, welding etc., make coarse scale structures, to increase integrally-built energy output further.
In sum, the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism that the present invention proposes, can the low-frequency ambient vibrations that changes within the specific limits of perception any direction and frequency, the more single cantilever beam piezoelectric structure of energy output or electromagnetic type structure obviously increase, effectively widen the scope of application of this energy gathering apparatus, enhance its practicality.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not restriction the present invention being made to any other form, and any amendment done according to technical spirit of the present invention or equivalent variations, still belong to the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (7)
1. based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism, comprise base (1), coil (2), universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (3), mass (4), linking springs (5), high frequency permanent magnet (6), low frequency permanent magnet (7) and low frequency spring (8), it is characterized in that: described coil (2) is arranged at base (1) inner bottom surface, described mass (4) is positioned at base (1) inside center, and is connected with base (1) by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (3); Described universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (3) is made up of two angle-style elastic metallic substrates (31), Stiff Block (32), upper strata piezoelectric patches (33) and lower floor's piezoelectric patches (34), described Stiff Block (32) is fixed on the corner of angle-style elastic metallic substrate (31), and described upper strata piezoelectric patches (33) and lower floor's piezoelectric patches (34) are pasted on upper and lower two surfaces of angle-style elastic metallic substrate (31) respectively; Described high frequency permanent magnet (6) is positioned at base (1) inside center, and is connected with base (1) by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (3); Described mass (4) is connected by linking springs (5) with high frequency permanent magnet (6); Described low frequency permanent magnet (7) is positioned at base (1) inside center, and is connected with base (1) by two low frequency springs (8).
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism, it is characterized in that: described two angle-style elastic metallic substrates (31) connect in vertical.
3., as claimed in claim 1 based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism, it is characterized in that: described upper strata piezoelectric patches (33) and lower floor's piezoelectric patches (34) they are rectangular shape, and through-thickness polarization.
4., as claimed in claim 1 based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism, it is characterized in that: the angle of described angle-style elastic metallic substrate (31) can change between 0 ° to 180 °.
5., as claimed in claim 1 based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism, it is characterized in that: the rigidity of described linking springs (5) and low frequency spring (8) varies in size.
6., as claimed in claim 1 based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism, it is characterized in that: when described high frequency permanent magnet (6) is installed with low frequency permanent magnet (7), pole is to identical.
7., as claimed in claim 1 based on the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device of self-excited vibration mechanism, it is characterized in that: described base (1) is energy gathering apparatus housing.
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| CN107707155B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-06-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy |
| CN108260038B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2024-02-13 | 苏州登堡电子科技有限公司 | Spring type wall vibration sound transmission device |
| CN108390590B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2024-03-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Multi-degree-of-freedom arc piezoelectric energy collector |
| CN113224975B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-12-02 | 浙江理工大学 | Windmill-shaped multi-direction broadband piezoelectric electromagnetic vibration energy collecting device |
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| US6620351B2 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2003-09-16 | Auburn University | Method of forming nanoparticles and microparticles of controllable size using supercritical fluids with enhanced mass transfer |
| JP4033643B2 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2008-01-16 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Piezoelectric / electrostrictive device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN203645577U (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-06-11 | 金陵科技学院 | Multidirectional piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy collector |
| CN203896222U (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-10-22 | 金陵科技学院 | Self-excited vibration mechanism-based multi-directional broadband vibration energy collecting device |
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