CN104014922A - Fast-diffusion welding method of hard alloy and steel - Google Patents

Fast-diffusion welding method of hard alloy and steel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104014922A
CN104014922A CN201410286051.5A CN201410286051A CN104014922A CN 104014922 A CN104014922 A CN 104014922A CN 201410286051 A CN201410286051 A CN 201410286051A CN 104014922 A CN104014922 A CN 104014922A
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steel
carbide alloy
welded
junction
pulse
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CN104014922B (en
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郭亚杰
周婷婷
高兵祥
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Changan University
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Changan University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
    • B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
    • B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys

Abstract

The invention discloses a fast-diffusion welding method of hard alloy and steel. The fast-diffusion welding method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out surface treatment on a surface to be welded of the hard alloy and a surface to be welded of the steel for later use; (2) carrying out surface treatment on a metal sheet for later use; (3) putting the metal sheet between the surface to be welded of the hard alloy and the surface to be welded of the steel for tight attachment, thereby obtaining a whole workpiece; and (4) carrying out pulse activating treatment and direct-current sintering treatment on the whole workpiece in sequence, thereby obtaining a welding joint of the hard alloy and the steel. The fast-diffusion welding method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that pulse heating current is utilized for inducing high-temperature plasma instantaneously in a microscopic area on each surface to be welded to clean and activate the surface to be welded, and then heating direct current is utilized for carrying out direct-current sintering treatment on a surface to be welded of the whole workpiece, so that the fast-diffusion welding joint of the hard alloy and the steel is obtained in extremely short time. The fast-diffusion welding method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high welding speed, low temperature, low applied pressure, high joint strength and the like.

Description

The rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy and steel
Technical field
The invention belongs to foreign material welding technology field, be specifically related to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy and steel.
Background technology
Carbide alloy is a kind of cermet tool material preparing by the method for powder metallurgy, has the excellent properties such as high rigidity, wearability are good, good corrosion resistance, is widely used in the fields such as machining, geological prospecting, mining.But, because carbide alloy is expensive and poor toughness, make it be difficult to use in larger, the complex-shaped goods of production size, therefore carbide alloy and good toughness, intensity is high, processing characteristics is excellent and cheap steel weldering are coupled together to use, there is important practical value.
The technical difficult points that the connection of carbide alloy and steel exists is mainly that the thermal coefficient of expansion between carbide alloy and steel differs larger, therefore joint can produce larger thermal stress in connection procedure, this easily causes near cracking in the matrix of near interface carbide alloy, thereby causes Joint failure; Secondly, how to prevent that high-melting-point carbide particle in carbide alloy from assembling in commissure and decarburization fragility phase (because C spreads the M of rich W, the Fe, the Co etc. that occur to joint 6c or M 12c composite carbon compound, often represents mutually with η) generation, be also to obtain the problem that high-quality jointing need to solve.
At present, carbide alloy mainly contains soldering, diffusion welding (DW), electron beam welding and partial transient liquid phase with the method for attachment of steel and is connected etc.Soldering is the common methods that carbide alloy is connected with steel, but soldered fitting intensity is not high, and temperature tolerance is poor.Patent CN103071878A utilizes sheet manganese brass as solder; in air furnace, realize the brazing of carbide alloy and Hi-Stren steel; the method is undesirable gas protection in welding process; reduce production cost; but solder and matrix be very easily oxidation in welding process, affects welding quality.Patent CN102909489 adopts a kind of Cu-Ag-Zn-Ni-Mn chilling solder to carry out vacuum brazing connection to hard alloy/steel, although can improve strength of welded joint, solder preparation technology is loaded down with trivial details; Patent CN102962454 uses electro-beam welding method to obtain carbide alloy and steel joint taking Ni base Fe-Nb-Y-C as filler, but electron beam welding cost is higher, is unsuitable for large-scale production; In addition, patent CN103182512 adopts sintering-connection technique, in liquid-phase sintering carbide alloy block, realize the connection of hard alloy/steel joint, although this method can obtain high-intensity joint, but connect temperature high (1450 DEG C～1600 DEG C), and part shape is limited.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, to provide the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy and steel.First the method utilizes PULSE HEATING electric current to carry out pulse activated processing to the junction to be welded of one-piece machine member, PULSE HEATING electric current can be in the microcosmos area of junction to be welded moment bring out generation high-temperature plasma, clean and activate junction to be welded, and then utilize DC heating electric current to carry out direct current sintering processes to the junction to be welded of one-piece machine member, accelerate the phase counterdiffusion of interface element, thereby within the extremely short time, obtain the rapid diffusion welding point of carbide alloy and steel, have that speed of welding is fast, temperature is low, it is little to exert pressure and strength of joint advantages of higher.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy and steel, it is characterized in that, and the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and steel is all carried out to grinding process to surface-brightening no marking, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; The thickness of described sheet metal is 50 μ m～800 μ m;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 5MPa～40MPa, pulse current is 200A～600A, pulse voltage 10V～30V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 30s～60s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, adjusting heating current is 100A～600A, vacuum is 5Pa～15Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 5min～14min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 700 DEG C～950 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
Above-mentioned a kind of carbide alloy and the rapid diffusion welding method of steel, is characterized in that, carbide alloy described in step 1 is YG8 carbide alloy, YG3 carbide alloy or YG6X carbide alloy.
Above-mentioned a kind of carbide alloy and the rapid diffusion welding method of steel, is characterized in that, steel described in step 1 is 40Cr steel, No. 45 steel or 9SiCr steel.
Above-mentioned a kind of carbide alloy and the rapid diffusion welding method of steel, it is characterized in that, the detailed process of in step 1, the junction to be welded of described carbide alloy being carried out to grinding process is: adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to polish step by step.
Above-mentioned a kind of carbide alloy and the rapid diffusion welding method of steel, is characterized in that, the detailed process of in step 1, the junction to be welded of described steel being carried out to grinding process is: adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to polish step by step.
Above-mentioned a kind of carbide alloy and the rapid diffusion welding method of steel, is characterized in that, sheet metal described in step 2 is nickel thin slice or copper foil, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 100 μ m～600 μ m.
Above-mentioned a kind of carbide alloy and the rapid diffusion welding method of steel, is characterized in that, the thickness of described sheet metal is 150 μ m.
Above-mentioned a kind of carbide alloy and the rapid diffusion welding method of steel, is characterized in that, axial compressive force described in step 4 is 5MPa～20MPa, and pulse current is 300A～500A, pulse voltage 15V～25V, and the time of pulse activated processing is 35s～50s; Described heating current is 200A～500A, and vacuum is 8Pa～12Pa, and the temperature of direct current sintering processes is 750 DEG C～950 DEG C, and the time is 6min～14min.
Above-mentioned a kind of carbide alloy and the rapid diffusion welding method of steel, is characterized in that, described axial compressive force is 14MPa, and pulse current is 400A, pulse voltage 20V, and the time of pulse activated processing is 40s; Described heating current is 340A, and vacuum is 10Pa, 850 DEG C of the temperature of direct current sintering processes, and the time is 10min.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, first method of the present invention utilizes PULSE HEATING electric current to carry out pulse activated processing to the junction to be welded of one-piece machine member, PULSE HEATING electric current can be in the microcosmos area of junction to be welded moment bring out generation high-temperature plasma, clean and activate junction to be welded, and then utilize DC heating electric current to carry out direct current sintering processes to the junction to be welded of one-piece machine member, accelerate the phase counterdiffusion of interface element, thereby within the extremely short time, obtain the rapid diffusion welding point of carbide alloy and steel, there is speed of welding fast, temperature is low, little and the strength of joint advantages of higher of exerting pressure.
2, the present invention introduces the sheet metal with higher toughness as intermediate layer between carbide alloy to be welded and steel, can greatly alleviate the larger residual stress forming because thermal expansion coefficient difference is excessive between carbide alloy and steel on the one hand, improve intensity and the reliability of joint; On the other hand, intermediate layer has the effect stopping, the carbon that can effectively prevent high-melting-point carbide in carbide alloy is to interfacial diffusion, thereby has avoided the generation of decarburization fragility phase in interfacial brittle phase and carbide alloy, has improved the switching performance of joint.
3, to have technological design reasonable in the present invention, and operation is simple, is convenient to the advantage that mass generates.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM photo of the welding point weld interface prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the amplification SEM photo of carbide alloy and sheet metal weld interface in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the amplification SEM photo of steel and sheet metal weld interface in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
In various embodiments of the present invention, plasma activated sintering stove used is that the model that Japanese Elenix company produces is the plasma activated sintering stove of ED-PAS III.
Embodiment 1
Step 1, adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of carbide alloy, adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of steel, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up; Described carbide alloy is YG8 carbide alloy, and carbide alloy is of a size of Φ 30mm × 6mm, and described steel is 40Cr steel, and steel is of a size of Φ 30mm × 10mm;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; Described sheet metal is nickel thin slice, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 150 μ m, and described sheet metal is that diameter is the disk of 30mm, and the electrolyte that described electrobrightening cleans is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight: HF solution 20%, HNO 3solution 50% and H 2sO 4solution 30%;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 14MPa, pulse current is 400A, pulse voltage 20V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 40s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, axial compressive force is constant, adjusting heating current is 340A, vacuum is 10Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 10min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 850 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
Fig. 1 is the SEM photo of the welding point weld interface prepared of the present embodiment, Fig. 2 is the amplification SEM photo of carbide alloy and sheet metal weld interface in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the amplification SEM photo of steel and sheet metal weld interface in Fig. 1, can find out that in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 metallic intermediate layer thin slice is all connected straight with the weld interface of carbide alloy and the weld interface of steel, without significantly residual holes existence, one-piece machine member bonding state is good.The shear strength of welding point prepared by the present embodiment is 411MPa.
Embodiment 2
Step 1, adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of carbide alloy, adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of steel, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up; Described carbide alloy is YG3 carbide alloy, and carbide alloy is of a size of Φ 10mm × 6mm, and described steel is No. 45 steel, and steel is of a size of Φ 10mm × 10mm;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; Described sheet metal is nickel thin slice, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 100 μ m, and described sheet metal is that diameter is the disk of 10mm, and the electrolyte that described electrobrightening cleans is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight: HF solution 20%, HNO 3solution 50% and H 2sO 4solution 30%;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 20MPa, pulse current is 300A, pulse voltage 15V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 50s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, axial compressive force is constant, adjusting heating current is 200A, vacuum is 12Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 6min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 950 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
It is straight that the metallic intermediate layer thin slice of welding point prepared by the present embodiment and the weld interface of carbide alloy and the weld interface of steel are all connected, and exists without obvious residual holes, and one-piece machine member bonding state is good.The shear strength of welding point prepared by the present embodiment is 379MPa.
Embodiment 3
Step 1, adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of carbide alloy, adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of steel, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up; Described carbide alloy is YG6X carbide alloy, carbide alloy be of a size of Φ 50mm × 6mm, described steel is No. 45 steel, steel is of a size of Φ 50mm × 10mm;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; Described sheet metal is copper foil, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 800 μ m, and described sheet metal is that diameter is the disk of 50mm, and the electrolyte that described electrobrightening cleans is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight: HF solution 20%, HNO 3solution 60% with HCl solution 20%;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 40MPa, pulse current is 200A, pulse voltage 10V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 30s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, axial compressive force is constant, adjusting heating current is 100A, vacuum is 15Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 14min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 700 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
It is straight that the metallic intermediate layer thin slice of welding point prepared by the present embodiment and the weld interface of carbide alloy and the weld interface of steel are all connected, and exists without obvious residual holes, and one-piece machine member bonding state is good.The shear strength of welding point prepared by the present embodiment is 327MPa.
Embodiment 4
Step 1, adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of carbide alloy, adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of steel, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up; Described carbide alloy is YG3 carbide alloy, and carbide alloy is of a size of Φ 30mm × 6mm, and described steel is 9SiCr steel, and steel is of a size of Φ 30mm × 10mm;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; Described sheet metal is copper foil, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 600 μ m, and described sheet metal is that diameter is the disk of 30mm, and the electrolyte that described electrobrightening cleans is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight: HF solution 20%, HNO 3solution 60% with HCl solution 20%;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 25MPa, pulse current is 300A, pulse voltage 30V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 60s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, axial compressive force is constant, adjusting heating current is 600A, vacuum is 5Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 5min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 900 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
It is straight that the metallic intermediate layer thin slice of welding point prepared by the present embodiment and the weld interface of carbide alloy and the weld interface of steel are all connected, and exists without obvious residual holes, and one-piece machine member bonding state is good.The shear strength of welding point prepared by the present embodiment is 345MPa.
Embodiment 5
Step 1, adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of carbide alloy, adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of steel, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up; Described carbide alloy is YG8 carbide alloy, and carbide alloy is of a size of Φ 30mm × 6mm, and described steel is 9SiCr steel, and steel is of a size of Φ 30mm × 10mm;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; Described sheet metal is copper foil, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 350 μ m, and described sheet metal is that diameter is the disk of 30mm, and the electrolyte that described electrobrightening cleans is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight: HF solution 20%, HNO 3solution 60% with HCl solution 20%;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 15MPa, pulse current is 400A, pulse voltage 20V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 40s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, axial compressive force is constant, adjusting heating current is 350A, vacuum is 10Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 10min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 800 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
It is straight that the metallic intermediate layer thin slice of welding point prepared by the present embodiment and the weld interface of carbide alloy and the weld interface of steel are all connected, and exists without obvious residual holes, and one-piece machine member bonding state is good.The shear strength of welding point prepared by the present embodiment is 367MPa.
Embodiment 6
Step 1, adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of carbide alloy, adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of steel, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up; Described carbide alloy is YG3 carbide alloy, and carbide alloy is of a size of Φ 30mm × 6mm, and described steel is 40Cr steel, and steel is of a size of Φ 30mm × 10mm;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; Described sheet metal is nickel thin slice, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 300 μ m, and described sheet metal is that diameter is the disk of 30mm, and the electrolyte that described electrobrightening cleans is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight: HF solution 20%, HNO 3solution 50% and H 2sO 4solution 30%;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 5MPa, pulse current is 500A, pulse voltage 25V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 35s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, axial compressive force is constant, adjusting heating current is 500A, vacuum is 8Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 14min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 750 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
It is straight that the metallic intermediate layer thin slice of welding point prepared by the present embodiment and the weld interface of carbide alloy and the weld interface of steel are all connected, and exists without obvious residual holes, and one-piece machine member bonding state is good.The shear strength of welding point prepared by the present embodiment is 338MPa.
Embodiment 7
Step 1, adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of carbide alloy, adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of steel, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up; Described carbide alloy is YG8 carbide alloy, and carbide alloy is of a size of Φ 10mm × 6mm, and described steel is No. 45 steel, and steel is of a size of Φ 10mm × 10mm;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; Described sheet metal is nickel thin slice, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 50 μ m, and described sheet metal is that diameter is the disk of 10mm, and the electrolyte that described electrobrightening cleans is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight: HF solution 20%, HNO 3solution 50% and H 2sO 4solution 30%;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 5MPa, pulse current is 600A, pulse voltage 15V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 50s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, axial compressive force is constant, adjusting heating current is 500A, vacuum is 12Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 5min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 950 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
It is straight that the metallic intermediate layer thin slice of welding point prepared by the present embodiment and the weld interface of carbide alloy and the weld interface of steel are all connected, and exists without obvious residual holes, and one-piece machine member bonding state is good.The shear strength of welding point prepared by the present embodiment is 309MPa.
Embodiment 8
Step 1, adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of carbide alloy, adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to carry out step by step grinding process to surface-brightening no marking the junction to be welded of steel, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up; Described carbide alloy is YG6X carbide alloy, and carbide alloy is of a size of Φ 50mm × 6mm, and described steel is No. 45 steel, and steel is of a size of Φ 50mm × 10mm;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; Described sheet metal is copper foil, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 450 μ m, and described sheet metal is that diameter is the disk of 50mm, and the electrolyte that described electrobrightening cleans is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight: HF solution 20%, HNO 3solution 60% with HCl solution 20%;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 22MPa, pulse current is 400A, pulse voltage 20V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 45s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, axial compressive force is constant, adjusting heating current is 350A, vacuum is 10Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 9min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 830 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
It is straight that the metallic intermediate layer thin slice of welding point prepared by the present embodiment and the weld interface of carbide alloy and the weld interface of steel are all connected, and exists without obvious residual holes, and one-piece machine member bonding state is good.The shear strength of welding point prepared by the present embodiment is 349MPa.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to the technology of the present invention essence, change and equivalent structure change, and all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a rapid diffusion welding method for carbide alloy and steel, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and steel is all carried out to grinding process to surface-brightening no marking, the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after grinding process and steel is all put into acetone soln ultrasonic cleaning and remove surface impurity, cold wind dries up;
Step 2, sheet metal is cleaned to surface-brightening level and smooth with carrying out electrobrightening after sand papering; The thickness of described sheet metal is 50 μ m～800 μ m;
Step 3, superimposed the junction to be welded of the junction to be welded of the carbide alloy after ultrasonic cleaning in step 1 and steel docking is placed, sheet metal after electrobrightening in step 2 is cleaned is placed between the junction to be welded of carbide alloy and the junction to be welded of steel and fits tightly, and obtains one-piece machine member;
Step 4, one-piece machine member described in step 3 is placed in to plasma activated sintering stove, regulating plasma activated sintering stove is PULSE HEATING pattern, adjusting axial compressive force is 5MPa～40MPa, pulse current is 200A～600A, pulse voltage 10V～30V, by described one-piece machine member pulse activated processes 30s～60s under the condition that is 50% in dutycycle; Then regulating plasma activated sintering stove is DC heating pattern, adjusting heating current is 100A～600A, vacuum is 5Pa～15Pa, be by one-piece machine member direct current sintering processes 5min～14min after treatment pulse activated in sintering temperature under the condition of 700 DEG C～950 DEG C, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, remove axial compressive force, obtain the welding point of carbide alloy and steel.
2. according to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy claimed in claim 1 and steel, it is characterized in that, carbide alloy described in step 1 is YG8 carbide alloy, YG3 carbide alloy or YG6X carbide alloy.
3. according to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy claimed in claim 1 and steel, it is characterized in that, steel described in step 1 is 40Cr steel, No. 45 steel or 9SiCr steel.
4. according to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy claimed in claim 1 and steel, it is characterized in that, the detailed process of in step 1, the junction to be welded of described carbide alloy being carried out to grinding process is: adopt successively the diamond sand table of 240#, 600#, 800#, 1000# and 1500# to polish step by step.
5. according to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy claimed in claim 1 and steel, it is characterized in that, the detailed process of in step 1, the junction to be welded of described steel being carried out to grinding process is: adopt successively the sand paper of 280#, 400#, 800# and 1200# to polish step by step.
6. according to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy claimed in claim 1 and steel, it is characterized in that, sheet metal described in step 2 is nickel thin slice or copper foil, and the thickness of described sheet metal is 100 μ m～600 μ m.
7. according to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy claimed in claim 6 and steel, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described sheet metal is 150 μ m.
8. according to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy claimed in claim 1 and steel, it is characterized in that, axial compressive force described in step 4 is 5MPa～20MPa, and pulse current is 300A～500A, pulse voltage 15V～25V, the time of pulse activated processing is 35s～50s; Described heating current is 200A～500A, and vacuum is 8Pa～12Pa, and the temperature of direct current sintering processes is 750 DEG C～950 DEG C, and the time is 6min～14min.
9. according to the rapid diffusion welding method of a kind of carbide alloy claimed in claim 8 and steel, it is characterized in that, described axial compressive force is 14MPa, and pulse current is 400A, pulse voltage 20V, and the time of pulse activated processing is 40s; Described heating current is 340A, and vacuum is 10Pa, 850 DEG C of the temperature of direct current sintering processes, and the time is 10min.
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CN105728928A (en) * 2016-02-19 2016-07-06 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） Method for solid-phase diffusion connection of hard alloy by utilizing nano-Co intermediate layer
CN106041289A (en) * 2016-07-05 2016-10-26 山东建筑大学 Diffusion connection technology of laminated composite material and low-alloy steel
CN106181000A (en) * 2016-07-27 2016-12-07 武汉理工大学 A kind of tungsten alloy and the method for attachment of molybdenum alloy
CN106238904A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-21 郑州机械研究所 A kind of hard alloy and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel
CN106238904B (en) * 2016-08-30 2018-11-20 郑州机械研究所有限公司 A kind of activation diffusion connection method of hard alloy and steel
CN106271015B (en) * 2016-09-18 2019-03-15 西南交通大学 A kind of stainless steel and kovar alloy dissimilar metal diffusion welding method
CN106825896A (en) * 2017-04-06 2017-06-13 爱迪森自动化科技（昆山）有限公司 A kind of hard alloy connects method with the composite interlayer liquid-phase diffusion welding of steel
CN108145302A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-12 合肥工业大学 A kind of SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race
CN108213886A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-06-29 华南理工大学 A kind of profile-followed runner radiator based on stack of sheets connection and preparation method thereof
CN109514017A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-03-26 东莞理工学院 A kind of vacuum diffusion welding process of hard alloy and steel
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