CN104008466B - Method for determining pre-selected site of rainwater storage pond - Google Patents
Method for determining pre-selected site of rainwater storage pond Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining a pre-selected site of a rainwater storage pond and belongs to the technical field of municipal drainage. The method for determining the pre-selected site of the rainwater storage pond mainly comprises the steps that based on an SWMM model and the urban water logging prevention and treatment standard, the comprehensive evaluation indexes, namely the hazard indexes of accumulated water, of all nodes are obtained through conversion and calculation with the rainwater system nodes as evaluation objects, the position of the pre-selected rainwater storage pond as a target, the depth and the range and the time of the accumulated water around each node as evaluation factors and with the importance and the sensibility of the nodes and weighting considered, the ranking is conducted according to the hazard indexes of the accumulated water, a final result is obtained, and the node with the larger hazard index of the accumulated water is determined to be the pre-selected site of the rainwater storage pond. According to the method for determining the pre-selected site of the rainwater storage pond, more influence factors are considered, the obtained pre-selected site technical scheme is more reasonable, a quite good initial condition (scheme) is provided for later-stage layout optimization of the storage pond, and the working efficiency in the analysis and comparison process, namely the scheme optimization process, is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to municipal drainage technical field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of determination of the pre- addressing of storm detention tank
Method.
Background technology
With the continuous quickening and the impact of climate change of urbanization process, urban rainstorm waterlogging problem becomes increasingly conspicuous.Adjust
Reservoir is more and more applied as one of effective measures for mitigating storm-water system hydrops waterlogging.Regulate and store in storm-water system
The position determination in pond, generally includes 3 links：【1】Pre- addressing (potential site selection) ---【2】(scheme is excellent for com-parison and analysis
Change) ---【3】Final position determines.The present invention is concerned with【1】Pre- addressing link.Storm-water system is one huge non-linear
System, the position of storage pond selects in system, and influence factor is a lot, is an extremely complex technical problem.
In prior art, the pre- addressing (potential site selection) of external storm detention tank exports flood peak reduction based on basin
Percentage ratio QPmax, in Drainage System somewhere, storage pond is set, calculated by model (HEC-1), if the basin outlet flood for calculating
Peak flow percentage QP >=QPmax, then the potential site of storage pond is chosen as at this (referring to Yeh C H, Labadie J
W.Multiobjective watershed-level planning of storm water detention systems
[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management,1997,123(6):336-343.)。
The country yet there are no the document of the pre- addressing of storage pond.And storage pond position determines that (attention is not link【1】Pre- addressing, and
It is link【3】Final position determines), be documented (referring to：Horse turbulent waves, Zhang Xiaoxin, Wang Qiang. the urban rainwater based on model
System reform planing method --- by taking Beijing olympic park area as an example [J]. water supply and drainage, 2009,34 (10):115-
118.), basic skills is simulated by two-dimentional business prototype software (MIKE Flood), obtains possible hydrops point, these hydrops
Point is chosen as the final position of rain flood storage pond.And with regard to the description of hydrops point, can be found in document (Zhang Xiaoxin, Wang Qiang, Ma Hong
Great waves. Olympic Green area storm-water system research [J]. water supply and drainage, 2009,34 (11):7-14.), the document is by ground area
Place of the water more than 0.15m is classified as hydrops point, and shows the hydrops time.It is external to export flood peak reduction percentage ratio according to basin
The pre- addressing of criterion is but hydrops situation (depth of accumulated water, the hydrops in basin microscopic internal node (inspection shaft) from basin macroscopic view
Scope, hydrops time etc.) do not considered.The country simultaneously has no pre-selection location method, although the final position for having storage pond determines method,
But by be two-dimentional business software, while all hydrops points (refer to the hydrops depth of water be more than 15cm) are all classified as the final of storage pond
Position, its design is unreasonable, and whole Project Cost expenditure is big.
The content of the invention
1. the invention technical problem to be solved
It is contemplated that overcoming the defect of prior art, a kind of determination method of the pre- addressing of storm detention tank is proposed, be tune
The pre- addressing of reservoir provides technical support.
2. technical scheme
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention is provided is：
A kind of determination method of the pre- addressing of storm detention tank of the present invention, takes stopgap measures based on SWMM models and urban waterlogging are anti-
Standard, with storm-water system node as evaluation object, to preselect the position of storage pond as target, with the depth of accumulated water around node, product
Water scope and hydrops time are evaluation points, it is considered to which the importance of node, sensitivity are simultaneously weighted, converted and calculate, and are drawn each
The comprehensive evaluation index of node --- hydrops hazard index, is ranked up, final result by hydrops hazard index size, hydrops danger
The bigger node of evil index is defined as the place of the pre- addressing of storage pond.
A kind of determination method of the pre- addressing of storm detention tank of the present invention, comprises the following steps that：
Step one,
Determination design of rainwater system parameter, the now design of storm-water system are designed to storm-water system according to rainwater basin
Design not comprising storage pond, design of rainwater system parameter includes：Rain Intensity Formula Based, Designed recurrence period, runoff coefficient, ground
Inlet time, reduction coefficient；
Storm-water system attribute data is determined according to the water force of storm-water system, storm-water system attribute data includes：Respectively set
Caliber, the gradient, pipe inner bottom absolute altitude, the buried depth of pipeline value of meter pipeline section, according to storm-water system attribute data SWMM models are set up；
The design storm that urban waterlogging is prevented and treated the corresponding return period of standard regulation is input into what is set up as condition of raining
SWMM models carry out storm-water system simulation；
Step 2,
The data of each node are obtained according to the analog result of the SWMM models in step one, node data includes：This Duan Hui
Water area ACatchment area, average ground line gradient i, overflow volume V, overflow time tOverflow, wherein, node refers to the potential site of storage pond
Point；
Depth of accumulated water h, hydrops scope A, hydrops time t from node as the hydrops extent of injury evaluation points, root
According to the node data for obtaining, according to transformation technology scheme, evaluation points depth of accumulated water h, hydrops scope A, hydrops time t are changed into
Concrete numerical value；Wherein, transformation technology scheme is：Hydrops scope is represented with this section of catchment area of node, overflowing with node
Average hydrops thickness of the fluid product in the range of its hydrops is represented during hydrops representing depth of accumulated water with node overflow time
Between, i.e.,：Hydrops time t, depth of accumulated water h and hydrops scope A are calculated as：T=tOverflow, h=V/ACatchment area, A=ACatchment area；
Step 3,
Each evaluation points are selected with regard to the standards of grading of the evaluation score value of different numerical intervals, and according to the standards of grading pair
Each evaluation points of each node are scored in storm-water system, obtain the depth of accumulated water of each node, hydrops scope, hydrops time
Score value；
Step 4,
The score value of each Node evaluation factor obtained according to step 3, calculates each node hydrops hazard index, implements
It is as follows：
1) destination layer, rule layer, solution layer are defined
Destination layer：The pre- addressing of storage pond position, will node be ranked up by hydrops hazard index；
Rule layer：The hydrops Evaluation of Harmfulness factor, including：Depth of accumulated water, hydrops scope and hydrops time；
Solution layer：Each node；
2) construction rules layer and calculates weight vector w relative to the pairwise comparison matrix A of destination layer(2)；
3) respectively structural scheme layer, relative to the pairwise comparison matrix of each evaluation points of rule layer, carries out consistency check,
And respective weight vector is sought, wherein：
According to the depth of accumulated water score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to depth of accumulated water is obtained1, enter
Row consistency check, and seek paired comparison matrix B1Weight vector w1 (3)；
According to the hydrops scope score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to hydrops scope is obtained2, enter
Row consistency check, and seek paired comparison matrix B2Weight vector w2 (3)；
According to the hydrops time score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to the hydrops time is obtained3, enter
Row consistency check, and seek paired comparison matrix B3Weight vector w3 (3)；
4) with w1 (3)、w2 (3)、w3 (3)For column vector, matrix W is constituted(3)=[w1 (3), w2 (3), w3 (3)], according to formula w(3)=W(3)w(2), right vector w of each node of numerical procedure layer relative to destination layer(3), and carry out consistency check, right vector
w(3)As comprehensive score of each node of solution layer relative to destination layer；
Step 5,
According to the importance and sensitivity of each node, the comprehensive score of each node that step 4 is drawn is multiplied by each node phase
Importance, the sensitivity weight coefficient answered, draws the final score value of each node hydrops hazard index, final by hydrops hazard index
The size of score value is ranked up, and the bigger node of hydrops hazard index is defined as into the place of the pre- addressing of storage pond.
3. beneficial effect
The technical scheme provided using the present invention, compared with prior art, with following remarkable result：
A kind of determination method of the pre- addressing of storm detention tank of the present invention, introduces hydrops hazard index, it is considered to storm-water system
In each node hydrops situation (depth of accumulated water, hydrops scope, hydrops time etc.) and importance, sensitivity, by SWMM models
Technological means and transformation technology scheme, particularly data extraction method and transformation technology scheme, and consider the importance of node, quick
Perception, finally gives node (scheme) hydrops coefficient of injury, so as to realize the final goal of the pre- addressing of storage pond.The skill of the present invention
The influence factor that art scheme considers is more, and the pre- addressing technical scheme for obtaining is more reasonable, and this will be excellent for later stage storage pond layout
Change and a good initial condition (scheme) is provided, the work efficiency of " com-parison and analysis (scheme optimization) " link will be improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of FB(flow block) of the determination method of the pre- addressing of storm detention tank of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the node of storm-water system, pipeline section in embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
To further appreciate that present disclosure, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Below by taking the rainwater basin of Urban Area of Shanghai City as an example, using technical scheme to storm-water system node hydrops
Hazard index is calculated and sorted, and determines the priority of storage pond initial position.As shown in figure 1, one kind of the present embodiment
The determination method of the pre- addressing of storm detention tank, it is comprised the following steps that：
Step one,
Determination design of rainwater system parameter is designed to storm-water system according to rainwater basin, now storm-water system is (i.e.：Rain
Grid) design of the design not comprising storage pond, design of rainwater system parameter includes：Rain Intensity Formula Based, Designed recurrence period,
Runoff coefficient, ground inlet time, reduction coefficient.The design parameter of the Urban Area of Shanghai City storm-water system that the present embodiment determines is such as
Under：Designed recurrence period：1 year；Runoff coefficient：0.6；Ground inlet time：15 minutes；Reduction coefficient：2；The pipeline coefficient of roughness：
0.013；Shanghai Rain Intensity Formula Based：
In formula：Q --- design storm intensity (L/ (sha))；
T --- ground inlet time (min)；
P --- Designed recurrence period (a)；
Herein what deserves to be explained is, the present invention in design of rainwater system parameter be relevant with rainwater basin, be design
The data required for storm-water system are calculated, it is unrelated with SWMM modelings.Determination with regard to " design of rainwater system parameter " is not this
Bright key, is also that those skilled in the art can learn, be will not be described here.
After design of rainwater system parameter determination, storm-water system attribute data is determined according to the water force of storm-water system,
Storm-water system attribute data includes：Caliber, the gradient, pipe inner bottom absolute altitude, the buried depth of pipeline value of each design pipeline section, according to storm-water system
Attribute data sets up SWMM models, and (SWMM modeling process can be found in SWMM user's manuals, and usual step is：Setting project is default
Value；Draw storm-water system；Editor's storm-water system attribute；Simulation and reporting option are set, and this part is the common knowledge of this area,
Will not be described here).
The design storm that urban waterlogging is prevented and treated the corresponding return period of standard regulation is input into what is set up as condition of raining
SWMM models carry out storm-water system simulation；Basis in the present embodiment《Municipal drainage (rainwater) prevention waterlogging unified plan establishment outline》City
City's waterlogging prevents and treats standard, determines that Shanghai Central Urban Area waterlogging prevents and treats standard, resists the heavy rain met for 50 years, will be 50 the return period
The design storm (Chicago rainfall pattern data) in year carries out storm-water system simulation as the SWMM models that condition of raining input has been set up.
Step 2,
The data of each node are obtained according to the analog result of the SWMM models in step one, node data includes：This Duan Hui
Water area ACatchment area, average ground line gradient i, overflow volume V, overflow time tOverflow, wherein, node refers to the potential site of storage pond
Point.
Below using 3 nodes as example, the pre- site selecting method of a whole set of storage pond is illustrated, pipe arrangement such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.3 nodes are respectively：Y-1, Y-2, Y-3, it is A, B, C that code name is corresponded to respectively.By analog result, this section of each node is obtained
Catchment area (i.e. sub- water catchment area area subcatchment area) is (if the node is without this section of catchment area, with two adjacent sections
The meansigma methodss of this section of catchment area of point replace), average ground line gradient i (the i.e. sub- water catchment area gradient), node around each node
Overflow volume V, overflow time tOverflow, the related data of acquisition is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 evaluate needed for each node SWMM analog results and design condition related data
Depth of accumulated water h, hydrops scope A, hydrops time t from node as the hydrops extent of injury evaluation points, root
According to the node data for obtaining, according to transformation technology scheme, evaluation points depth of accumulated water h, hydrops scope A, hydrops time t are changed into
Concrete numerical value；Wherein, transformation technology scheme is：Hydrops scope is represented with this section of catchment area of node, overflowing with node
Average hydrops thickness of the fluid product in the range of its hydrops is represented during hydrops representing depth of accumulated water with node overflow time
Between, i.e.,：Hydrops time t, depth of accumulated water h and hydrops scope A are calculated as：T=tOverflow, h=V/ACatchment area, A=ACatchment area。
The concrete numerical value checkout result such as table of evaluation points depth of accumulated water h, hydrops scope A, hydrops time t in the present embodiment
Shown in 2.
The evaluation points corresponding data that the data of each node of table 2 are drawn after calculating conversion
Step 3,
Each evaluation points are selected with regard to the standards of grading of the evaluation score value of different numerical intervals, the scoring that the present embodiment is selected
Standard is as shown in table 3.
According to each evaluation points of the standards of grading to each node in storm-water system (i.e. scheme, the potential site of storage pond)
Scored, obtained depth of accumulated water, hydrops scope, the score value of hydrops time of each node, as a result as shown in table 4.
The standards of grading that the evaluation points of table 3 are drafted according to numerical intervals
The score value of each evaluation points that each node of table 4 is got according to standards of grading
Step 4,
The score value of each Node evaluation factor obtained according to step 3, calculates each node hydrops hazard index, implements
It is as follows：
1) destination layer, rule layer, solution layer are defined
Destination layer：The pre- addressing of storage pond position, will node be ranked up by hydrops hazard index；
Rule layer：The hydrops Evaluation of Harmfulness factor, including：Depth of accumulated water, hydrops scope and hydrops time；
Solution layer：Each node；
2) construction rules layer and calculates weight vector w relative to the pairwise comparison matrix A of destination layer(2).The present embodiment is meter
It is convenient to calculate, and the relative weighting of each evaluation index is set to identical, compares between any two, obtains Paired comparison matrix A：
A is consistent battle array, meets consistency check；Its eigenvalue of maximum is 3, with eigenvalue of maximum
Corresponding normalized characteristic vector：ω=(0.3333,0.3333,0.3333)T, this characteristic vector be the power of the matrix to
Amount w(2)。
3) respectively structural scheme layer, relative to the pairwise comparison matrix of each evaluation points of rule layer, carries out consistency check,
And respective weight vector is sought, wherein：
According to the depth of accumulated water score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to depth of accumulated water is obtained1, enter
Row consistency check, and seek paired comparison matrix B1Weight vector w1 (3).According to the score value of depth of accumulated water in table 4, compare two-by-two, obtain
To pairwise comparison matrix B1(hereinafter B2、B3Obtained using similar approach).Using
Matlab calculates B1Eigenvalue of maximum and corresponding normalization characteristic vector.B1For consistent battle array, consistency check is met；
Its eigenvalue of maximum is 3, normalized characteristic vector corresponding with eigenvalue of maximum：ω1=(0.5556,0.1111,
0.3333)T, this characteristic vector is weight vector w of the matrix1 (3)。
According to the hydrops scope score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to hydrops scope is obtained2, enter
Row consistency check, and seek paired comparison matrix B2Weight vector w2 (3).Solution layer is in contrast with hydrops range factor (criterion)
Compared with matrix B2,B2For consistent battle array, consistency check is met；It is maximum special
Value indicative is3, the characteristic vector after normalization：ω2=(0.3043,0.3913,0.3043)T, this characteristic vector is the matrix
Weight vector w2 (3)。
According to the hydrops time score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to the hydrops time is obtained3, enter
Row consistency check, and seek paired comparison matrix B3Weight vector w3 (3).Solution layer is in contrast with hydrops time factor (criterion)
Compared with matrix B3,B3For consistent battle array, consistency check is met；Its eigenvalue of maximum is 3, after normalization
Characteristic vector：ω3=(0.3333,0.3333,0.3333)T, this characteristic vector is the weight vector of the matrixw3 (3)。
4) with w1 (3)、w2 (3)、w3 (3)For column vector, matrix W is constituted(3)=[w1 (3), w2 (3), w3 (3)], according to formula w(3)=W(3)w(2), right vector w of each node of numerical procedure layer relative to destination layer(3), and carry out consistency check, right vector
w(3)As each node of solution layer relative to destination layer comprehensive score, it is specific as follows：
Carry out consistency check：CR=0, meets consistency check.
Step 5,
According to the importance and sensitivity of each node, the comprehensive score of each node that step 4 is drawn is multiplied by each node phase
Importance, the sensitivity weight coefficient answered, draws the final score value of each node hydrops hazard index, final by hydrops hazard index
The size of score value is ranked up, and the bigger node of hydrops hazard index is defined as into the place of the pre- addressing of storage pond.It is so-called important
Property, sensitivity, refer to important to aspects such as our economy, our society and our politics or sensitive region, should suitably improve in its region
The node hydrops extent of injury scoring score value, that is, be multiplied by a corresponding weight coefficient；Important or sensitive region has：Political affairs
Mansion office, school, hospital, viaduct, crowded fairground etc..The present embodiment is convenience of calculation, by the important of each node
Property, sensitivity weight are set to 1, then the hydrops hazard index of the scheme of A, B, C tri- (node) is respectively：FA=0.3977 × 1=
0.3977, FB=0.2786 × 1=0.2786, FC=0.3612 × 1=0.3237, therefore be finally ordered as：A>C>B.Therefore determine
Storage pond is set near node Y-1.
Claims (1)
1. the determination method of the pre- addressing of a kind of storm detention tank, it is characterised in that：Take stopgap measures based on SWMM models and urban waterlogging are anti-
Standard, with storm-water system node as evaluation object, to preselect the position of storage pond as target, with the depth of accumulated water around node, product
Water scope and hydrops time are evaluation points, it is considered to which the importance of node, sensitivity are simultaneously weighted, converted and calculate, and are drawn each
The comprehensive evaluation index of node --- hydrops hazard index, is ranked up, final result by hydrops hazard index size, hydrops danger
The bigger node of evil index is defined as the place of the pre- addressing of storage pond；Comprise the following steps that：
Step one,
Determination design of rainwater system parameter is designed to storm-water system according to rainwater basin, the now design of storm-water system is not wrapped
Design containing storage pond, design of rainwater system parameter includes：Rain Intensity Formula Based, Designed recurrence period, runoff coefficient, ground are catchmented
Time, reduction coefficient；
Storm-water system attribute data is determined according to the water force of storm-water system, storm-water system attribute data includes：Each design pipe
Caliber, the gradient, pipe inner bottom absolute altitude, the buried depth of pipeline value of section, according to storm-water system attribute data SWMM models are set up；
Urban waterlogging is prevented and treated the SWMM that the design storm of the corresponding return period of standard regulation has been set up as condition of raining input
Model carries out storm-water system simulation；
Step 2,
The data of each node are obtained according to the analog result of the SWMM models in step one, node data includes：This section of gathering ground
Product ACatchment area, average ground line gradient i, overflow volume V, overflow time tOverflow, wherein, node refers to the potential site point of storage pond；
Depth of accumulated water h, hydrops scope A, hydrops time t from node as the hydrops extent of injury evaluation points, according to obtaining
The node data for taking, according to transformation technology scheme, changes into evaluation points depth of accumulated water h, hydrops scope A, the tool of hydrops time t
Body numerical value；Wherein, transformation technology scheme is：Hydrops scope is represented with this section of catchment area of node, with the overflow body of node
Accumulate the average hydrops thickness in the range of its hydrops to represent depth of accumulated water, the hydrops time is represented with node overflow time, i.e.,：
Hydrops time t, depth of accumulated water h and hydrops scope A are calculated as：T=tOverflow, h=V/ACatchment area, A=ACatchment area；
Step 3,
Each evaluation points are selected with regard to the standards of grading of the evaluation score value of different numerical intervals, and according to the standards of grading to rainwater
Each evaluation points of each node are scored in system, obtain the depth of accumulated water of each node, hydrops scope, the hydrops time point
Value；
Step 4,
The score value of each Node evaluation factor obtained according to step 3, calculates each node hydrops hazard index, is implemented as follows：
1) destination layer, rule layer, solution layer are defined
Destination layer：The pre- addressing of storage pond position, will node be ranked up by hydrops hazard index；
Rule layer：The hydrops Evaluation of Harmfulness factor, including：Depth of accumulated water, hydrops scope and hydrops time；
Solution layer：Each node；
2) construction rules layer and calculates weight vector w relative to the pairwise comparison matrix A of destination layer(2)；
3) respectively structural scheme layer, relative to the pairwise comparison matrix of each evaluation points of rule layer, carries out consistency check, and asks
Respective weight vector, wherein：
According to the depth of accumulated water score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to depth of accumulated water is obtained1, carry out consistent
Property inspection, and seek paired comparison matrix B1Weight vector w1 (3)；
According to the hydrops scope score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to hydrops scope is obtained2, carry out consistent
Property inspection, and seek paired comparison matrix B2Weight vector w2 (3)；
According to the hydrops time score value of each node, pairwise comparison matrix B of the solution layer relative to the hydrops time is obtained3, carry out consistent
Property inspection, and seek paired comparison matrix B3Weight vector w3 (3)；
4) with w1 (3)、w2 (3)、w3 (3)For column vector, matrix W is constituted(3)=[w1 (3), w2 (3), w3 (3)], according to formula w(3)=W(3)w(2), right vector w of each node of numerical procedure layer relative to destination layer(3), and consistency check is carried out, right vector w(3)
As comprehensive score of each node of solution layer relative to destination layer；
Step 5,
According to the importance and sensitivity of each node, it is corresponding that the comprehensive score of each node that step 4 is drawn is multiplied by each node
Importance, sensitivity weight coefficient, draw the final score value of each node hydrops hazard index, by the final score value of hydrops hazard index
Size be ranked up, the bigger node of hydrops hazard index is defined as into the place of the pre- addressing of storage pond.
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| CN104008466A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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