CN104006940A - Device and method for testing vibration characteristics of railway vehicle - Google Patents
Device and method for testing vibration characteristics of railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104006940A CN104006940A CN201410238106.5A CN201410238106A CN104006940A CN 104006940 A CN104006940 A CN 104006940A CN 201410238106 A CN201410238106 A CN 201410238106A CN 104006940 A CN104006940 A CN 104006940A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/06—Multidirectional test stands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and method for testing vibration characteristics of a railway vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical property testing. The device is composed of a front moving platform, a rear moving platform, connecting rods, fixtures and actuators. The corresponding fixtures are arranged on the left side of each moving platform and the right side of the moving platform respectively. The corresponding downward perpendicular actuators are arranged at the bottoms of the four corners of each moving platform through hinge supports respectively. The corresponding leftward transverse actuator is arranged in the middle of the left side of each moving platform through a hinge support. The connecting rods are arranged on the two moving platforms through hinge supports respectively. The method includes the steps of fixing all the actuators and the connecting rods, pushing the vehicle to a device station to be fixed, arranging acceleration sensors in the vehicle, starting the actuators, setting parameters, continuously conducting loading in forms of sine waves, and conducting data collection through the acceleration sensors, wherein the excitation frequency range is 0.1 Hz to 15 Hz, the amplitude shifting value is 1 mm, the frequency interval is 0.05 Hz/s, and the data sampling frequency is 200 Hz. The device can rapidly and accurately test the vibration characteristics of the vehicle from multiple aspects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measuring mechanical property technical field, relate to rail vehicle test of Vibration device and utilize the method for this device to track Vehicular vibration attribute testing.
Background technology
At present, High Speed Train in China develop rapidly, requires also more and more higher to the various aspects of performance of train.Train when running up and interorbital can produce interaction, this kinetic effect can exert an influence to the stationarity of train and comfortableness.The mode of oscillation of car load is the direct factor that affects kinetic effect, and its research experiment is significant.
Due to be subject to true track circuit condition, road test expense budget high, affect that vehicle normally moves and the factor restriction such as road test poor repeatability, there is difficulty in authentic testing.The methods of test that adopt complete the test to the vibration characteristics of vehicle each several part more in laboratory now, existing research technique mainly comprises that utilizing driver, power to hammer into shape knocks the mode that point of fixity is tested respectively car body or bogie, and weak point is to test whole vehicle simultaneously; Also have and utilize the mode of rolling the test of shaking to come dry run situation to test the dynamics of car load, deficiency is the main testing vehicle dynamics of its equipment, and equipment is huge must roll and vibrate and carry out simultaneously, test process is complicated, and the test of car load mode of oscillation is not had to specific aim.Therefore, develop a kind of rational in infrastructure, method is accurate, the diversified car load of test result vibration special test system is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of rail vehicle test of Vibration device.
The present invention also provides the method for this device to track Vehicular vibration attribute testing of utilizing.
Apparatus of the present invention are by front motion platform, rear motion platform, connecting rod, jig and actuator form, the table-board to right or left both sides of front motion platform and rear motion platform are separately installed with a jig, the bottom at four angles of front motion platform and rear motion platform is provided with a downward vertical actuator by rocker bar bearing respectively, the centre position, left side of front motion platform and rear motion platform is provided with a horizontal actuator left by rocker bar bearing respectively, centre position, the front motion platform left and right sides is provided with a connecting rod forward by rocker bar bearing respectively, centre position, the rear motion platform left and right sides is provided with a connecting rod backward by rocker bar bearing respectively, the other end hinge of each connecting rod has a holder.
Described jig consists of two spill cell bodies corresponding to opening, and the relative position of four jigs is corresponding with four wheel positions of rail vehicle front end.
Actuator is the telecontrol equipment being driven by Hydrauservo System.
This device carries out experimental test by following steps to track Vehicular vibration characteristic:
1, being fixed on firmly on object away from motion platform end all actuator, and the holder of each connecting rod is also fixed on firmly on object, again by vehicle pushing in device station, recycling jig is fixed on wheel on motion platform, car body two ends utilize chain traction to carry out safeguard protection, the inner acceleration transducer of installing of car body;
2, start actuator, setup parameter, sinusoidal wave form loads continuously, and excitation frequency scope 0.1 ~ 15Hz, moves amplitude 1mm, frequency interval 0.05Hz/s;
3, data sampling frequency is 200Hz, in actuator, opens oil pressure and returns to zero after oil pressure is stable, then by acceleration transducer, carries out data acquisition.
For the action of actuator can be conveniently described, before setting, two downward vertical actuator of motion platform left side are A, two downward vertical actuator of front motion platform right side are B, two downward vertical actuator of rear motion platform left side are C, two downward vertical actuator of rear motion platform right side are D, rear motion platform left side actuator is E, and the left side actuator of front motion platform is F.
Chain connection mode can provide the compensation of motion when platform carries out vertical and transverse movement, and connecting rod plays the effect of longitudinal stability motion platform; Horizontal two actuator E and F provide horizontal loading; Vertical actuator A, to D, provides Plumb load.
Because the car load vibration characteristics of studying is the build-in attribute of vehicle, so excitation one side bogie or employing both sides bogie encourage resulting test findings consistent simultaneously, and whether vehicle is in running status in process of the test, also on not impact of the test of vibration characteristics, so in line with the advantage such as easy, easy to operate, energy-conservation, this test adopts the method only a side bogie of car load being encouraged.
This test utilizes hydraulic servo control system drive load equipment, by different control inputs, can realize different energisation mode (as determined frequency or frequency sweep), different waveform (as circuit spectrum, random spectrum, sine wave, trapezoidal wave etc.) to vehicle bestir, also can to parameters such as sweep velocity, frequency sweep frequency separations, control by control system simultaneously.The loading equipemtn coordination driving, realizes simulating vehicle when by special road section, show nod, shake the head, the attitude such as twist irregularity, test car load is subject to the vibration characteristics that exciting shows under this state.
Under axle box by floor and seat, bogie on car body left side and right-side wall everywhere, car before test and framework end, car, equipment (traction convertor) etc. locates to arrange the acceleration transducer test vibration acceleration information of three-dimensional, and specifically data acquisition and analytical approach are as follows:
1, left side and right-side wall vibration characteristics: by vibration operating mode vertical, horizontal and that sidewinder, gather respectively side wall vertical, laterally and horizontal vertical acceleration information everywhere, analyze side wall side bar, side wall middle part and the vibration characteristics on side wall top, the horizontal stroke of car body is curved, curved mode, upper and lower heart wobble frequency rate and all kinds of mode of oscillation hang down;
2, bogie vibration characteristics: by horizontal and vertical vibration operating mode, gather respectively the vertical and horizontal acceleration information on truck journal box and framework top, analyze bogie frame drift along, investigate one be with secondary suspension when vertical and the transverse vibration to the attenuation of vibration etc.;
3, equipment under car: by the data acquisition under horizontal and vertical vibration operating mode to equipment under car, analyze vibration characteristics;
In like manner, can also carry out data acquisition and Analysis of Vibration Characteristic to positions such as floor compartment, compartment seats, repeat no more herein.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention adopts the test method of car load one side bogie excitation, completes the test to car load vibration characteristics.The existing structure of this testing table, more targeted to car load test of Vibration, and have easy and simple to handle, timeliness is higher, the advantage such as more energy-conservation;
In any attitude attitudes such as (as:) vehicle is nodded, shaken the head, twist irregularities situation, vehicle is carried out to continuous pump, simulating vehicle, through special road section, is subject to the situation of continuous pump while presenting special attitude;
By each key element to loading wave, control, can realize different road conditions section is simulated.
More than comprehensive, this testing equipment and test method can be convenient, many-sided, accurately the vibration characteristics of vehicle is tested, from multi-pose, adopt several aspects such as multiple energisation mode, test data multi-angle to obtain innovation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 entire automobile vibration test desk schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 car load enters determination test platform station schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 wheel is to clamp device schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Apparatus of the present invention are by front motion platform 1, rear motion platform 2, connecting rod 3, actuator 4 and jig 5 form, the table-board to right or left both sides of front motion platform 1 and rear motion platform 2 are separately installed with a jig 5, the bottom at four angles of front motion platform 1 and rear motion platform 2 is provided with a downward vertical actuator 4 by rocker bar bearing 6 respectively, the centre position, left side of front motion platform 1 and rear motion platform 2 is provided with a horizontal actuator 4 left by rocker bar bearing 6 respectively, front motion platform 1 centre position, the left and right sides is provided with a connecting rod 3 forward by rocker bar bearing 6 respectively, rear motion platform 2 centre positions, the left and right sides are provided with a connecting rod 3 backward by rocker bar bearing 6 respectively, the other end hinge of each connecting rod 3 has a holder 7, jig 5 consists of two spill cell bodies corresponding to opening.
In experimentation, first car is pushed to test station, recycling jig is fixed on wheel on motion platform, and car body two ends utilize chain traction to carry out safeguard protection.
According to testing requirements, the acceleration transducer of three-dimensional is arranged, and debugged data acquisition system (DAS), complete the adjusting to Hydrauservo System simultaneously, by the loading spectrum input of operating mode, ready for testing.
The basic test action of testing table is as follows:
Vertical vibration test: utilize A in Fig. 1, B, C, D actuator with same-phase in accordance with regulations waveform do continuous catenary motion, complete the vertical excitation to bogie;
Transverse vibration test: utilize in Fig. 1 E and F with same-phase in accordance with regulations waveform do continuous transverse movement, complete the transversely excited to bogie;
Rolling test: utilize A in Fig. 1 to do with C, B and D the catenary motion that phase place is identical, but the catenary motion single spin-echo of A, C and B, D completes the excitation of sidewindering to bogie.
Vehicle attitude simulation exciting: two vertical actuator coordinations of motion platform, A, B do the catenary motion simulating vehicle that phase place is identical and nod as shown in Figure 1; A, B do the transverse movement simulating vehicle that phase place is identical and shake the head; A does with D, B and C the catenary motion that phase place is identical, and A, D and B, C do the catenary motion of single spin-echo, and simulating vehicle twist irregularity can utilize vertical or horizontal actuator to give continuous pump in these attitude situations.
Above-mentioned process of the test all can repeat, and has good repeatability.
Specific embodiment:
The CRH380 of take is that vehicle is example, according to the above process of the test, first car load propulsion trial position is also fixed as shown in Figure 2, carries out the front required preparation of test.
According to test program, require to car body relevant position cloth acceleration transducer institute's cloth position following (acceleration transducer that described sensor is three-dimensional):
1, car body wall top, left side and side bar are arranged respectively 5 acceleration transducers;
2, car body right-side wall top and side bar are arranged respectively 5 acceleration transducers;
3, vehicle floor seat place arranges 5 acceleration transducers;
4, front middle back seat is arranged 1 acceleration transducer at handrail and backrest place respectively;
5, the equipment sling point of the left and right sides, traction convertor place and car body sling point are arranged respectively 1 acceleration transducer;
6, select the bogie on testing table, in axle box end and the framework end of the left and right sides, arrange respectively 1 acceleration transducer.
Work out vertically, laterally and sidewinder the test spectrum of three kinds of operating modes, setup parameter is: sinusoidal wave form loads continuously, and excitation frequency scope 0.1 ~ 15Hz, moves amplitude 1mm, frequency interval 0.05Hz/s.
The parameters such as sample frequency to data acquisition system (DAS) arrange, and data sampling frequency is 200Hz, and acquisition system should be opened oil pressure and return to zero after oil pressure is stable at testing table, then carries out data acquisition.
Vertical vibration test: utilize A in Fig. 1, B, C, D actuator with same-phase in accordance with regulations waveform do continuous catenary motion, complete the vertical excitation to bogie;
Transverse vibration test: utilize in Fig. 1 E and F with same-phase in accordance with regulations waveform do continuous transverse movement, complete the transversely excited to bogie;
Rolling test: utilize A in Fig. 1 to do with C, B and D the catenary motion that phase place is identical, but the catenary motion single spin-echo of A, C and B, D completes the excitation of sidewindering to bogie.
The acceleration information obtaining by above working condition measurement, process data processing and analysis can obtain the correlation parameter of car load vibration characteristics, and this test findings is as follows:
1, car body vertical vibration dominant frequency is 10.5Hz and 14.2Hz, and wherein 10.5Hz corresponds to car body middle part rhombus mode.14.2Hz thinks the car body curved mode of hanging down.
2, cross-car main frequency of vibration is 10.6Hz and 13.7Hz, and wherein 10.6Hz thinks car body middle part rhombus model frequency.13.7Hz thinks the horizontal curved mode of car body.
3, car body rigid body vibration frequency: while sidewindering excitation, lower heart hunting frequency 0.8Hz, sets one's heart hunting frequency 2.1Hz.During vertical excitation, the frequency of drifting along 1.2Hz.
4, the bogie frame frequency of drifting along is 6Hz, broader bandwidth.Laterally, vertical excitation through one, secondary suspension is passed to body oscillating and obtains effective attenuation.
5, seat vertical vibration is passed to backrest by floor, and vibration frequency is car body elastic vibration frequency, before, during and after seat vibration rule consistent.Seat transverse vibration is passed to backrest by floor, and vibration frequency is car body elastic vibration frequency, before, during and after seat vibration rule basically identical.
Except above result, also can analyze the horizontal and vertical vibration transitive relation of axle box, framework, car body, simultaneously can also carry out vibration characteristics test and analysis to the associated components of waiting for bus of equipment under car.
Claims (7)
1. a rail vehicle test of Vibration device, it is characterized in that: it is by front motion platform, rear motion platform, connecting rod, jig and actuator form, the table-board to right or left both sides of front motion platform and rear motion platform are separately installed with a jig, the bottom at four angles of front motion platform and rear motion platform is provided with a downward vertical actuator by rocker bar bearing respectively, the centre position, left side of front motion platform and rear motion platform is provided with a horizontal actuator left by rocker bar bearing respectively, centre position, the front motion platform left and right sides is provided with a connecting rod forward by rocker bar bearing respectively, centre position, the rear motion platform left and right sides is provided with a connecting rod backward by rocker bar bearing respectively, the other end hinge of each connecting rod has a holder.
2. test unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: jig consists of two spill cell bodies corresponding to opening.
3. the test method of installing according to claim 1, is characterized in that being realized by following steps:
(1) being fixed on firmly on object away from motion platform end all actuator, and the holder of each connecting rod is also fixed on firmly on object, again by vehicle pushing in device station, recycling jig is fixed on wheel on motion platform, car body two ends utilize chain traction to carry out safeguard protection, the inner acceleration transducer of installing of car body;
(2) start actuator, setup parameter, sinusoidal wave form loads continuously, and excitation frequency scope 0.1 ~ 15Hz, moves amplitude 1mm, frequency interval 0.05Hz/s;
(3) data sampling frequency is 200Hz, in actuator, opens oil pressure and returns to zero after oil pressure is stable, then by acceleration transducer, carries out data acquisition.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: vertical vibration test utilizes A, B, C, D actuator to do continuous catenary motion with same-phase.
5. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: transverse vibration test utilizes E actuator and F actuator to do continuous transverse movement with same-phase.
6. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: rolling test utilizes A to do with C, B and D actuator the catenary motion that phase place is identical, but the catenary motion single spin-echo of A, C and B, D actuator.
7. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: vehicle attitude simulation exciting A, B actuator are done the catenary motion simulating vehicle that phase place is identical and nodded; A, B actuator are done the transverse movement simulating vehicle that phase place is identical and are shaken the head; A does with D, B and C actuator the catenary motion that phase place is identical, and A, D and B, C actuator are done the catenary motion of single spin-echo, simulating vehicle twist irregularity.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410238106.5A CN104006940A (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Device and method for testing vibration characteristics of railway vehicle |
| PCT/CN2014/095833 WO2015180476A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-12-31 | Device and method for testing vibration characteristics of railway vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410238106.5A CN104006940A (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Device and method for testing vibration characteristics of railway vehicle |
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| CN106353058A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-25 | 浙江理工大学 | Wheel vibration test stand for high-speed EMU |
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| CN114923987A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-19 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Vehicle-mounted movable excitation device for steel rail modal test |
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