CN104005046B - A kind of electrophoresis pulse deposits the method preparing carbon nano tube modified load palladium electrode - Google Patents

A kind of electrophoresis pulse deposits the method preparing carbon nano tube modified load palladium electrode Download PDF

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CN104005046B
CN104005046B CN201410244896.8A CN201410244896A CN104005046B CN 104005046 B CN104005046 B CN 104005046B CN 201410244896 A CN201410244896 A CN 201410244896A CN 104005046 B CN104005046 B CN 104005046B
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CN104005046A (en
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孙治荣
杜冉
刘丹
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Beijing University of Technology
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Abstract

A kind of electrophoresis pulse deposits the method preparing carbon nano tube modified load palladium electrode, belong to technical field of electrochemical water treatment, with polypyrrole as promoter, CNT is catalyst carrier, improve dispersibility and the utilization rate of catalyst, using pulse plating as catalyst deposition techniques, make coating crystallization refinement, strengthen electrode catalyst performance.The present invention is with titanium net as substrate, after one layer of polypyrrole film of its surface aggregate, takes carbon nano tube modified to stromal surface by oxidation processes of electrophoresis method, forms one layer of uniform carbon nanotube carrier film.Use Pd prepared under pulsive electroplating depositing Pd catalyst, with equal conditionspedThe Pd that/Ti electrode and direct current electrode position prepareded/ Ti electrode is compared, and Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode catalyst performance is higher.

Description

A kind of electrophoresis pulse deposits the method preparing carbon nano tube modified load palladium electrode
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electrochemical water treatment, with titanium net as substrate, electrophoretic deposition modified carbon nanometer Pipe, pulsive electroplating depositing Pd catalyst, prepare Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti combination electrode, can be used for chloro has The aqueous phase electro-catalysis reduction dechlorination of machine thing.
Background technology
Chlorinatedorganic belongs to a class of typical persistence organic pollutant, and toxicity is big, difficult degradation.Electricity is urged Changing hydrogenation-dechlorination technology is an organic cost-effective green technology of degradating chloro, and experiment condition is gentle, Operating cost is low, and toxic by-products is few.Palladium (Pd) greatly improves the degraded of chlorinatedorganic as catalyst Speed, but as noble metal, relatively costly, improve the utilization rate of Pd, preparing efficient catalytic electrode is one The significant research of item.
CNT (CNTs) is typical monodimension nanometer material, good conductivity, energy density distribution height, Specific surface area is big, using CNTs as catalyst carrier, can improve the dispersibility of Pd sedimentary, it is to avoid produce Raw reunion, reduces cost, improves the utilization rate of catalyst.
Pulse plating is compared with direct current electrode position, and owing to there being the existence of turn-off time, peak point current can be higher than flat All electric current, speed that the speed significantly larger than crystal promoting crystal seed to be formed is grown up, makes coating crystallization refinement, point Dissipate property good, improve the utilization rate of catalyst, improve electrode performance.
The present invention uses CNTs as catalyst carrier, and pulse plating, as Pd deposition technique, is devoted to system For going out the aqueous phase dechlorination catalysis electrode that catalysis activity is high, catalyst utilization is high.
Summary of the invention
It is desirable to provide one is with aqueous phase process chlorinatedorganic as target, with CNT as catalyst Carrier, polypyrrole (PPy) is promoter, the Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode of pulse plating Pd catalyst Preparation method.
Above-mentioned Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode preparation method and process, comprise the following steps:
(1) CNTs is placed in nitration mixture (preferably such asRoom temperature ultrasonic and middle temperature backflow in) After, clean up and be dried;The most ultrasonic 1~8h, at 60 DEG C constant temperature backflow 1~4h, filtering and washing in Property, the most standby;
(2) titanium (Ti) net is embathed in NaOH solution degrease, oxalic acid solution boils deoxygenation Compound, distilled water cleans up, and nitrogen dries up standby;
(3) pyrroles (Py) solution of 0.04mmol/L, the wherein concentration of dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) are prepared For 1mmol/L, H2SO4Concentration is 0.05mol/L.The Ti net processed with step (2) as anode, platinum (Pt) Sheet is negative electrode, and Py solution is plating solution, and regulation electric current is 1~5mA, and the time is 1~5min, and electrochemical process exists Ti net surface deposition PPy film, obtains PPy/Ti electrode;
(4) CNTs obtained with step (1) is configured to the CNTs dispersion liquid of 0.2~1mg/mL, regulates pH Value is 6.The PPy/Ti electrode obtained with step (3) is as anode, and Pt sheet is negative electrode, control voltage be 5~ 15V, sedimentation time is 2~10min, and electrophoretic deposition prepares CNTs film, obtains CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode.
(5) preparation pulse plating plating solution, wherein, PdCl2Solution concentration is 5~12.5mmol/L, dodecane Base benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt (SDBS) concentration is 2.8mmol/L, and the CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode prepared with step (4) is as work Electrode, with Pt sheet for electrode, controlling pulse current density is 5~15mA/cm2, during each pulse conducting Between be 0.5s~1.5s, the turn-off time is 0.5s~3s, and umber of pulse is 400~1200, mixing speed 250rpm/min, under the conditions of room temperature 25 DEG C, carries out pulse plating palladium, obtains Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
1, the present invention uses Ti net to be substrate, has acidproof corrosion resistant advantage, good stability, and permeability is strong, Being conducive to improving the efficiency of degradation of organic substances, the raising for electrode electrocatalysis characteristic provides material base.
2, the present invention utilizes CNTs as catalyst carrier, improves the specific surface area of electrode, is conducive to catalysis Dispersed and the raising electrode catalyst performance of agent.
3, the present invention in advance Ti net surface use electrochemical process formed PPy film, have co-catalysis ability and Immobilized CNTs characteristic, thus be conducive to strengthening stability and the activity of electrode.
4, the present invention uses electrophoretic deposition to prepare CNTs film, and method is easy, CNTs depositing homogeneous.
5, the present invention uses pulsive electroplating to deposit Pd, coating crystallization refinement, good dispersion, improves Pd and urges The utilization rate of agent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that electrochemical process forms the scanning electron microscopic picture of PPy film at Ti net surface.A () is 10000 times Scanning electron microscopic picture;B () is 5000 times of scanning electron microscopic picture.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscopic picture of the CNTs film that electrophoretic deposition obtains.
Fig. 3 is Pd in Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode and comparative example 1 in embodiment 2pedThe scanning electricity of/Ti electrode Mirror picture.A () is Pdped/ Ti electrode;B () is Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode.
Fig. 4 is the cyclic voltammetry scan curve of the Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode that embodiment 1,2,3 obtains.
Fig. 5 is Pd in Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode in embodiment 2, comparative example 1ped/ Ti electrode and comparative example Pd in 2dedThe cyclic voltammetry scan curve of/Ti electrode.
Detailed description of the invention
Example below and comparative example will the present invention is further illustrated in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the present invention is not It is limited to following example.
Embodiment 1:
(1) CNTs is placed in nitration mixtureThe ultrasonic 4h of middle room temperature, at 60 DEG C, constant temperature returns Stream 2h, filtering and washing is to neutral, the most standby;
(2) titanium (Ti) net is dipped in the 40%NaOH solution of 80 DEG C embathe 2h remove surface and oil contaminant, with steaming After distilled water is washed till neutrality, then it is dipped in 15% oxalic acid solution removing oxide on surface, keeps 2h at 98 DEG C, with steaming Distilled water is rinsed well, and nitrogen dries up standby;
(3) preparing the Py solution of 0.04mmol/L, wherein the concentration of SDS is 1mmol/L, H2SO4 Concentration is 0.05mol/L.The Ti net processed with step (2) is as anode, and Pt sheet is negative electrode, and Py solution is plating solution, Regulation electric current is 3mA, and the time is 5min, and electrochemical process deposits PPy film at Ti net surface, obtains PPy/Ti Electrode, as seen from Figure 1, is formed uniformly one layer of PPy film at Ti net surface;
(4) CNTs obtained with step (1) is configured to the CNTs dispersion liquid of 0.5mg/mL, regulates pH value It is 6.The PPy/Ti electrode obtained with step (3) is as anode, and Pt sheet is negative electrode, and control voltage is 10V, Sedimentation time is 3min, and electrophoretic deposition prepares CNTs film, obtains CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode, can by Fig. 2 To find out, CNTs is uniformly dispersed, and draw ratio is big, and specific surface area is big, can be as preferable catalyst carrier material Material;
(5) preparation pulse plating plating solution, wherein, PdCl2Solution concentration is 10mmol/L, SDBS concentration For 2.8mmol/L, the CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode prepared with step (4) is as working electrode, with Pt sheet for electricity Pole, control pulse current density is 12.5mA/cm2, ON time is 1.25s, and the turn-off time is 0.75s, Umber of pulse is 600, mixing speed 250rpm/min, under the conditions of room temperature 25 DEG C, carries out pulse plating Pd, obtains Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode.
(6) the Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode obtained with step (5) is as working electrode, and Pt sheet is to electrode, Hg/Hg2SO4For reference electrode, at the H of 0.5mol/L2SO4Solution is circulated voltammetric scan, scanning Speed is 50mV/min, and sweep limits is-800mV~800mV.
As seen from Figure 4, when umber of pulse is 600, Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode is at-500mV~-700mV Between hydrogen adsorption peak point current be-167mA.
Embodiment 2:
(1) CNTs is placed in nitration mixtureThe ultrasonic 4h of middle room temperature, at 60 DEG C, constant temperature returns Stream 2h, filtering and washing is to neutral, the most standby;
(2) titanium (Ti) net is dipped in the 40%NaOH solution of 80 DEG C embathe 2h remove surface and oil contaminant, with steaming After distilled water is washed till neutrality, then it is dipped in 15% oxalic acid solution removing oxide on surface, keeps 2h at 98 DEG C, with steaming Distilled water is rinsed well, and nitrogen dries up standby;
(3) preparing the Py solution of 0.04mmol/L, wherein the concentration of SDS is 1mmol/L, H2SO4 Concentration is 0.05mol/L.The Ti net processed with step (2) is as anode, and Pt sheet is negative electrode, and Py solution is plating solution, Regulation electric current is 3mA, and the time is 5min, and electrochemical process deposits PPy film at Ti net surface, obtains PPy/Ti Electrode, as seen from Figure 1, is formed uniformly one layer of PPy film at Ti net surface;
(4) CNTs obtained with step (1) is configured to the CNTs dispersion liquid of 0.5mg/mL, regulates pH value It is 6.The PPy/Ti electrode obtained with step (3) is as anode, and Pt sheet is negative electrode, and control voltage is 10V, Sedimentation time is 3min, and electrophoretic deposition prepares CNTs film, obtains CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode, can by Fig. 2 To find out, CNTs is uniformly dispersed, and draw ratio is big, and specific surface area is big, can be as preferable catalyst carrier material Material;
(5) preparation pulse plating plating solution, wherein, PdCl2Solution concentration is 10mmol/L, SDBS concentration For 2.8mmol/L, the CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode prepared with step (4) is as working electrode, with Pt sheet for electricity Pole, control pulse current density is 12.5mA/cm2, ON time is 1.25s, and the turn-off time is 0.75s, Umber of pulse is 1000, mixing speed 250rpm/min, under the conditions of room temperature 25 DEG C, carries out pulse plating Pd, To Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode.
(6) the Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode obtained with step (5) is as working electrode, and Pt sheet is to electrode, Hg/Hg2SO4For reference electrode, at the H of 0.5mol/L2SO4Solution is circulated voltammetric scan, scanning Speed is 50mV/min, and sweep limits is-800mV~800mV.
By (b) of Fig. 3 it can be seen that Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode surface, palladium deposited particles is uniformly dispersed.
As seen from Figure 4, when umber of pulse is 1000, the hydrogen adsorption peak current of Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode Maximum, reaches-225mA, and electrode performance is stronger.
As seen from Figure 5, compared to the Pd in comparative example 1pedPd in/Ti electrode and comparative example 2ded/Ti Electrode, adds CNTs as catalyst carrier material so that the electrode hydrogen when-500mV~-700mV is inhaled The response of attached peak current becomes big, and the catalytic performance of electrode improves.
Embodiment 3:
(1) CNTs is placed in nitration mixtureThe ultrasonic 4h of middle room temperature, at 60 DEG C, constant temperature returns Stream 2h, filtering and washing is to neutral, the most standby;
(2) titanium (Ti) net is dipped in the 40%NaOH solution of 80 DEG C embathe 2h remove surface and oil contaminant, with steaming After distilled water is washed till neutrality, then it is dipped in 15% oxalic acid solution removing oxide on surface, keeps 2h at 98 DEG C, with steaming Distilled water is rinsed well, and nitrogen dries up standby;
(3) preparing the Py solution of 0.04mmol/L, wherein the concentration of SDS is 1mmol/L, H2SO4 Concentration is 0.05mol/L.The Ti net processed with step (2) is as anode, and Pt sheet is negative electrode, and Py solution is plating solution, Regulation electric current is 3mA, and the time is 5min, and electrochemical process deposits PPy film at Ti net surface, obtains PPy/Ti Electrode, as seen from Figure 1, is formed uniformly one layer of PPy film at Ti net surface;
(4) CNTs obtained with step (1) is configured to the CNTs dispersion liquid of 0.5mg/mL, regulates pH value It is 6.The PPy/Ti electrode obtained with step (3) is as anode, and Pt sheet is negative electrode, and control voltage is 10V, Sedimentation time is 3min, and electrophoretic deposition prepares CNTs film, obtains CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode, can by Fig. 2 To find out, CNTs is uniformly dispersed, and draw ratio is big, and specific surface area is big, can be as preferable catalyst carrier material Material;
(5) preparation pulse plating plating solution, wherein, PdCl2Solution concentration is 10mmol/L, SDBS concentration For 2.8mmol/L, the CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode prepared with step (4) is as working electrode, with Pt sheet for electricity Pole, control pulse current density is 12.5mA/cm2, ON time is 1.25s, and the turn-off time is 0.75s, Umber of pulse is 1200, mixing speed 250rpm/min, under the conditions of room temperature 25 DEG C, carries out pulse plating Pd, To Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode.
(6) the Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode obtained with step (5) is as working electrode, and Pt sheet is to electrode, Hg/Hg2SO4For reference electrode, at the H of 0.5mol/L2SO4Solution is circulated voltammetric scan, scanning Speed is 50mV/min, and sweep limits is-800mV~800mV.
As seen from Figure 4, when umber of pulse is 1200, the hydrogen adsorption peak current of Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode Value is-195mA, and less than in embodiment 2, the Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti obtained under the conditions of umber of pulse 1000 is electric The hydrogen adsorption peak point current of pole.It is likely to be due to the burst length longer, palladium catalyst excess, form a small amount of reunion, Reduce electrode specific surface area, reduce the utilization rate of Pd, reduce electrode catalyst performance.
Comparative example 1:
(1) Ti net is dipped in the 40%NaOH solution of 80 DEG C embathe 2h remove surface and oil contaminant, use distilled water After being washed till neutrality, then it is dipped in 15% oxalic acid solution removing oxide on surface, keeps 2h at 98 DEG C, use distilled water Rinsing well, nitrogen dries up standby;
(2) preparation pulse plating plating solution, wherein, PdCl2Solution concentration is 10mmol/L, SDBS concentration For 2.8mmol/L, process the Ti net obtained as working electrode with step (1), with Pt sheet for electrode, control Pulse current density is 12.5mA/cm2, ON time is 1.25s, and the turn-off time is 0.75s, and umber of pulse is 1000, mixing speed 250rpm/min, under the conditions of room temperature 25 DEG C, carry out pulse plating Pd, obtain Pdped/Ti Electrode.
(3) Pd obtained with step (2)ped/ Ti electrode is working electrode, and Pt sheet is to electrode, Hg/Hg2SO4 For reference electrode, at the H of 0.5mol/L2SO4Being circulated voltammetric scan in solution, scanning speed is 50mV/min, sweep limits is-800mV~800mV.
By (a) of Fig. 3 it can be seen that Pdped/ Ti electrode surface, Pd deposited particles is formed reunites, dispersion inequality Even.As seen from Figure 5, compared to the Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode in embodiment 2, Pdped/ Ti electrode Hydrogen adsorption peak current less, electrode performance is relatively low, the Pd prepared compared to direct current electrode position in comparative example 2ded/Ti Electrode, Pdped/ Ti electrode hydrogen adsorption peak current is relatively big, and electrode performance is higher.
Comparative example 2:
(1) Ti net is dipped in the 40%NaOH solution of 80 DEG C embathe 2h remove surface and oil contaminant, use distilled water After being washed till neutrality, then it is dipped in 15% oxalic acid solution removing oxide on surface, keeps 2h at 98 DEG C, use distilled water Rinsing well, nitrogen dries up standby;
(2) preparation plating solution, wherein, PdCl2Solution concentration be 10mmol/L, SDBS concentration be 2.8mmol/L, Processing the Ti net that obtains as negative electrode with step (1), with Pt sheet as anode, control electric current density is 12.5mA/cm2, Time is 20.83min (ensureing consistent with the pulse plating total electricity of offer), carries out direct current electrode position, obtains Pdded/Ti Electrode.Pdded/ Ti electrode surface is reunited serious, forms black particle, and unstable.
(3) Pd obtained with step (2)ded/ Ti electrode is working electrode, and Pt sheet is to electrode, Hg/Hg2SO4 For reference electrode, at the H of 0.5mol/L2SO4Being circulated voltammetric scan in solution, scanning speed is 50mV/min, sweep limits is-800mV~800mV.
As seen from Figure 5, compared in the Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode in embodiment 2 and comparative example 1 Pdped/ Ti electrode, the Pd that direct current electrode position obtainsded/ Ti electrode hydrogen adsorption peak current is little, and electrode performance is low.

Claims (4)

1. an electrophoresis pulse deposits the method preparing carbon nano tube modified load palladium electrode, it is characterised in that include Following steps:
(1), after CNTs is placed in the backflow of the ultrasonic and middle temperature of room temperature in nitration mixture, cleans up and be dried;
(2) titanium (Ti) net is embathed in NaOH solution degrease, oxalic acid solution boils deoxygenation Compound, distilled water cleans up, and nitrogen dries up standby;
(3) pyrroles (Py) solution of 0.04mmol/L, the wherein concentration of dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) are prepared For 1mmol/L, H2SO4Concentration is 0.05mol/L;The Ti net processed with step (2) as anode, platinum (Pt) Sheet is negative electrode, and Py solution is plating solution, and regulation electric current is 1~5mA, and the time is 1~5min, and electrochemical process exists Ti net surface deposition PPy film, obtains PPy/Ti electrode;
(4) CNTs obtained with step (1) is configured to the CNTs dispersion liquid of 0.2~1mg/mL, regulates pH Value is 6;The PPy/Ti electrode obtained with step (3) is as anode, and Pt sheet is negative electrode, control voltage be 5~ 15V, sedimentation time is 2~10min, and electrophoretic deposition prepares CNTs film, obtains CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode;
(5) preparation pulse plating plating solution, wherein, PdCl2Solution concentration is 5~12.5mmol/L, dodecane Base benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt (SDBS) concentration is 2.8mmol/L, and the CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode prepared with step (4) is as work Electrode, with Pt sheet for electrode, controlling pulse current density is 5~15mA/cm2, during each pulse conducting Between be 0.5s~1.5s, the turn-off time is 0.5s~3s, and umber of pulse is 400~1200, mixing speed 250rpm/min, under the conditions of room temperature 25 DEG C, carries out pulse plating palladium, obtains Pd/CNTs/PPy/Ti electrode.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that CNTs ultrasonic time in nitration mixture in step (1) Being 1~8h, reflux temperature is 60 DEG C, and return time is 1~4h.
3. the carbon nano tube modified load palladium electrode prepared according to the either method of claim 1-2.
4. the carbon nano tube modified load palladium electrode prepared according to the either method of claim 1-2 has for chloro The aqueous phase electro-catalysis reduction dechlorination of machine thing.
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CN106947990A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-07-14 北京工业大学 A kind of electrophoresis pulse deposition prepares the method that graphene modified carries palladium electrode
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