CN104004549A - Staged-oxygen-feed gasification furnace and gasification method thereof - Google Patents
Staged-oxygen-feed gasification furnace and gasification method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a staged-oxygen-feed gasification furnace and a gasification method thereof. The staged-oxygen-feed gasification furnace comprises an upper shell and a fireproof lining. A barrel section is provided with secondary oxygen feed burner chambers. The distance between the axis of each secondary oxygen feed burner chamber and the top surface of a lower conic section is 0.5-0.8 time of the diameter of the barrel section and the included angle between the axis of each secondary oxygen feed burner and the axis of the corresponding secondary oxygen feed burner chamber on the horizontal plane ranges from 3 degrees to 5 degrees. The included angle between the axis of each secondary oxygen feed burner and the axis of the corresponding secondary oxygen feed burner chamber on the vertical plane ranges from 5 degrees to 10 degrees. The gasification method comprises the following steps that S1, oxidizing agents, steam and carbonaceous matter are fed in a technological burner; S2, oxidizing agents are fed into the secondary oxygen feed burners in the gasification reaction process at the same time; S3, raw coal gas and liquid slag flow downwards in parallel and are discharged finally. According to the staged-oxygen-feed gasification furnace and the gasification method of the staged-oxygen-feed gasification furnace, efficient gasification and liquid slag tapping are achieved, consumption of the oxidizing agents is reduced, heat loss of the wall of the gasification furnace is reduced, and efficiency of cooled coal gas generated in the gasification furnace is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for take the vapourizing furnace that carbon species is raw material, particularly a kind of classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace and gasification process thereof.
Background technology
Coal Gasification Technology is the solid-state primary energy source such as coal to be converted into the main path of the clean secondary energy of gaseous state, and this technology mainly applies in synthetic ammonia, synthesizing methanol, refinery hydrogen preparing, blast furnace reduction iron production chemical industry metallurgical industry, combined cycle generating unit and industry and domestic gas field.
In the Coal Gasification Technology of existing engineering construction, mainly contain and take Texaco (Xian Wei GE company) vapourizing furnace, the many burners contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove that coal water slurry is raw material; The Shell vapourizing furnace that the fine coal of take is raw material, GSP vapourizing furnace and many burners opposed type powder coal gasification furnace; Tsing-Hua University's stove and two sections of stoves (Xi'an thermal technology institute) with sized feed.Chinese invention patent application CN101613623A, Chinese invention patent CN100404652C and the disclosed vapourizing furnace of Chinese invention patent application CN102453550A, by oxygen classification is added, reduce the temperature in space, vapourizing furnace top (top), improve the work-ing life of refractory liner.Wherein, in the disclosed vapourizing furnace of Chinese invention patent CN101613623A, secondary oxygen supply burner is that (wherein, general straight section height is 3D to 1.5～2.4D, and above-mentioned straight section distance is 53%～81% of straight section height apart from the straight section distance of vapourizing furnace hypocone,), in vapourizing furnace middle and upper part; The disclosed vapourizing furnace secondary of Chinese invention patent CN100404652C nozzle edge under top, recirculating zone, in vapourizing furnace top; In the disclosed vapourizing furnace of Chinese invention patent application CN102453550A, secondary oxygen supply burner is 1D～5D apart from the straight section distance of vapourizing furnace hypocone, i.e. the middle and lower part of secondary oxygen supply burner in vapourizing furnace, the diameter that D is vaporizer.
Yet, for take the airflow bed gasification furnace that low grade coal is raw material, consider the features such as the high ash melting point of coal, high ash content, high-moisture, generally all adopt with the charging of fine coal form, and take the gasifying process that water wall is refractory liner, therefore, gasification temperature is not the restricted condition that affects vapourizing furnace long-term operation, but affects the key parameter of vapourizing furnace performance.Under the certain condition of coal, along with the raising of gasifier temperature, the temperature difference of water wall both sides increases on the one hand, and wall thermosteresis increases, and molten slag viscosity reduces on the other hand, and sinter thickness reduces, and wall thermal resistance reduces, and thermosteresis increases.By industry gasification furnace operating analysis with calculate, take shenfu coal as example, gasification temperature improves 100 ℃, and wall thermosteresis increases by 500.Therefore, for high-ash-fusion coal, adopt existing gasification technology to gasify, in order to guarantee slag tap, need to maintain very high oxygen coal ratio, to melt lime-ash, guarantee that cinder notch is unimpeded.Make like this vapourizing furnace wall thermosteresis excessive, wall refractory liner thermal load is too high, and oxygen consumption is high, and gasification cold gas efficiency is very low.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome, existing vapourizing furnace wall thermosteresis is excessive, oxygen depletion is too high in the present invention, gasification cold gas efficiency is low and defect that vapourizing furnace performance is lower, and a kind of classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace and gasification process thereof of take the efficient slag tap that low grade coal is raw material is provided.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by following technical proposals:
A kind of classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace, comprise upper housing, this upper housing comprises a upper cover, one vertical piece housing and a lower cover, this is vertically connected with this lower cover with this upper cover respectively at the two ends of cylinder piece housing, the top of this upper cover is provided with process burner chamber, the bottom of this lower cover is provided with slag notch, this vertically the bottom of cylinder piece housing vertically to having a lower housing that is formed with a condensing chamber, the bottom of this lower housing is provided with slag-drip opening, the upper portion side wall of this lower housing is provided with raw gas outlet, its feature is, this classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace also comprises that one is arranged on the refractory liner in this upper housing, in this refractory liner, be formed with a vaporizer, the top of this vaporizer is connected with this process burner chamber, the bottom of this vaporizer is connected with this condensing chamber by this slag notch, this refractory liner is membrane wall,
This refractory liner comprises that one is arranged at the upper cone section of this bottom, process burner chamber, one simplified section and one lower cone section that is arranged at this slag notch bottom, the sidewall of this cylinder section is provided with at least one secondary oxygen supply burner chamber of being fixed on this vertical cylinder piece housing sidewall, and it is indoor with this secondary oxygen supply burner that process burner and secondary oxygen supply burner are arranged on respectively this process burner chamber;
The axis of this process burner chamber and the dead in line of this vaporizer, the dead in line of the axis of this process burner and this process burner chamber, and this process burner is for sending into oxygenant, steam and carbonaceous material to produce gasification reaction in vaporizer;
The 0.5-0.8 of the diameter of the cylinder section that respectively axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is this refractory liner to the distance on the end face of this lower cone section doubly, the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber and the intersect vertical axis of this vaporizer, the angle of the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner on horizontal plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 3 °～5 °, the angle of the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner on vertical plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 5 °～10 °, and respectively this secondary oxygen supply burner is used for passing into oxygenant.
In this programme, adopt said structure form, the classification that can realize oxygenant adds, make to keep low carbon ratio gasification near the vaporizer of upper cone section, make to keep hyperoxia gray scale slag near the vaporizer of lower cone section, realize high-efficiency gasification and slag tap, reduce oxidant consumption, reduce vapourizing furnace wall thermosteresis, improved the cold gas efficiency and the online rate of vapourizing furnace that in vapourizing furnace, produce; In addition, the angle of the axis of secondary oxygen supply burner on horizontal plane and between the axis of secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 3 °～5 °, the angle of the axis of secondary oxygen supply burner on vertical plane and between the axis of secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 5 °～10 °, thereby make the oxygenant passing into from secondary oxygen supply burner form eddy flow, and whether this oxygenant is finally to the motion of slag notch direction, the i.e. flow field to form eddy flow and to move to cinder notch; In addition, condensing chamber carries out cooling and separated for the synthetic gas that gasification is produced with slag.
Preferably, respectively the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 0.6 times of diameter of the cylinder section in this fire-resistant village to the distance on the end face of this lower cone section, the angle of the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner on horizontal plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 4 °, and the angle of the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner on vertical plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 8 °.
Preferably, the quantity of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber and secondary oxygen supply burner is two, and two these secondary oxygen supply burner chambers are positioned at being circumferentially uniformly distributed in same level and along this cylinder section.
Preferably, the bottom of this lower cone section is installed with a water cooler and an airway being connected with this water cooler, and one end of this airway is connected with this vaporizer by this slag notch, and the other end is connected with this condensing chamber.
The present invention also provides a kind of gasification process of classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace as above, and its feature is, it specifically comprises the following steps:
S
1, oxygenant, steam and carbonaceous material are passed in this process burner, it is entered and in this vaporizer, says row gasification reaction:
S
2, simultaneously in described gasification reaction process, secondary oxygen supply burner is passed into oxygenant, promote further gasification reaction;
S
3, the raw gas that generates by gasification reaction in this vaporizer and liquid slag and flow under, liquid slag flows to shock chamber through airway, and is crushed into solid slag after Quench heat exchange, and this solid slag is discharged, raw gas is discharged from raw gas outlet.
In this programme; oxygenant classification is added; guarantee vapourizing furnace high carbon conversions, low wall calorific loss and cinder notch slag tap simultaneously; wherein stair oxidation agent and carbonaceous material add from being positioned at the process burner at upper housing top, have realized the gasification reaction of the disperse of carbonaceous material phase and carbonaceous material particle, in this region; with respect to carbonaceous material fusing point; carbonaceous material gasification temperature is relatively low, has most of carbonaceous material particle or with semicoke, or the form of slag film parcel semicoke exists.Secondary oxidation agent adds from secondary oxygen supply burner, for improving near the temperature of lower cone section and slag notch, guarantees the slag tap of vapourizing furnace slag notch on the one hand; On the other hand to semicoke, or the form particle of slag film parcel semicoke further gasifies.
Preferably, described oxygenant is the gas of oxygenous amount volume ratio 21%-100%.
Preferably, the oxygenant volume that passes into this process burner accounts for the 85%-95% of operating oxidizer volume, the oxygenant volume that passes into secondary oxygen supply burner accounts for the 5%-15% of operating oxidizer volume, from the steam that sprays in process burner or the speed of oxygenant, is 50m/s～70m/s.
In this programme, from the steam that sprays in process burner or the speed of oxygenant, be 50m/s～70m/s, realized the disperse of good carbonaceous material particle, extended the short residence time(SRT) of particle simultaneously.
Preferably, passing into the oxygen of this process burner and the mass ratio of carbonaceous material is 0.5～0.8, passing into the steam of this process burner and the mass ratio of carbonaceous material is 0.05～0.2, temperature near this process burner place in this vaporizer is 1300 ℃, higher more than 100 ℃ than lime-ash yield temperature near the temperature at lower cone section place in this vaporizer.
Preferably, described carbonaceous material is slurry state carbonaceous material or powdery carbonaceous material.
Preferably, described carbonaceous material is coal, refinery coke, residual oil, pitch, biomass or mud.
Meeting on the basis of this area general knowledge, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can arbitrary combination, obtains the preferred embodiments of the invention.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is:
The classification that the present invention can realize oxygenant adds, make to keep low carbon ratio gasification near the vaporizer of upper cone section, make to keep hyperoxia gray scale slag near the vaporizer of lower cone section, realize high-efficiency gasification and slag tap, reduce oxidant consumption, reduce vapourizing furnace wall thermosteresis, improved the cold gas efficiency and the online rate of vapourizing furnace that in vapourizing furnace, produce.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of secondary oxygen supply burner on vertical plane in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of secondary oxygen supply burner on horizontal plane in Fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals
Upper housing: 1
Upper cover: 11 vertical piece housings: 12 lower covers: 13
Process burner chamber: 14 process burners: 15 oxygen supply burner chambers: 16
Secondary oxygen supply burner: 17 slag notches: 18
Lower housing: 2
Condensing chamber: 21 slag-drip openings: 22 raw gas outlets: 23
Refractory liner: 3
Vaporizer: 31 upper cone sections: 32 cylinder sections: 33
Lower cone section: 34 water coolers: 35 airways: 36
Secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis: L1
Secondary oxygen supply burner axis: L2
Secondary oxygen supply burner axis is angle: α on horizontal plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis
Secondary oxygen supply burner axis is angle: β on vertical plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis
Embodiment
Mode below by embodiment further illustrates the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace of the present invention comprises upper housing 1.Upper housing 1 comprises upper cover 11, vertical cylinder piece housing 12 and lower cover 13.Vertically the two ends of cylinder piece housing 12 are connected with lower cover 13 with upper cover 11 respectively, and lower cover 13 is to inner extension of vertical cylinder piece housing 12.
Wherein, the top of upper cover 11 is provided with process burner chamber 14, and process burner 15 is installed in process burner chamber 14.The axis of process burner chamber and the dead in line of vaporizer, the dead in line of the axis of process burner and process burner chamber, and this process burner is for sending into oxygenant, steam and carbonaceous material to produce gasification reaction in vaporizer.
In addition, the bottom of this lower cover 13 is provided with slag notch 18, and the bottom of this vertical cylinder piece housing 12, vertically to having housing 2, is formed with a condensing chamber 21 in lower housing 2.Condensing chamber 21 can be used in the synthetic gas that gasification is produced and carries out cooling and separated with slag.Certainly, the bottom of this lower housing is provided with slag-drip opening 22, and the upper portion side wall of lower housing is provided with raw gas outlet 23.
Please according to Fig. 1, understood, this classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace also comprises that one is arranged on the refractory liner 3 in this upper housing 1.In this refractory liner 3, be formed with vaporizer 31, the top of vaporizer 31 is connected with process burner chamber, and the bottom of this vaporizer is connected with condensing chamber by slag notch.Meanwhile, in the present invention, this refractory liner is membrane wall.
Wherein, this refractory liner comprises upper cone section 32, the cylinder section 33 that is arranged on bottom, process burner chamber and the lower cone section 34 that is arranged on slag notch bottom.The bottom of lower cone section is installed with water cooler 35 and an airway 36 being connected with water cooler 35, and one end of this airway 36 is connected with this vaporizer by slag notch, and the other end is connected with condensing chamber.As can be seen from Figure 1, the sidewall of cylinder section is provided with at least one secondary oxygen supply burner chamber 16 of being fixed on these vertical cylinder piece housing 12 sidewalls, and secondary oxygen supply burner 17 is installed in secondary oxygen supply burner chamber 16.
Preferably, in the present invention, the quantity of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber and secondary oxygen supply burner is two, and two these secondary oxygen supply burner chambers are positioned in same level and along this simplified section is circumferentially uniformly distributed.
Please according to Fig. 2-3, understood, the 0.5-0.8 of the diameter of simplified section that each secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis L1 is refractory liner to the distance on the end face of lower cone section doubly.Secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis L1 and vaporizer intersect vertical axis.Simultaneously, secondary oxygen supply burner axis L2 on horizontal plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis L1 angle be 3 °～5 °, secondary oxygen supply burner axis L2 on vertical plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis L1 angle be 5 °～10 °, with the flow field that forms eddy flow and move to cinder notch, and each secondary oxygen supply burner is used for passing into oxygenant.
In the present invention, the structure formation of adopting process burner and secondary oxygen supply burner, the classification that can realize oxygenant adds, make to keep low carbon ratio gasification near the vaporizer of upper cone section, make to keep hyperoxia gray scale slag near the vaporizer of lower cone section, realize high-efficiency gasification and slag tap, reduce oxidant consumption, reduce vapourizing furnace wall thermosteresis, improved the cold gas efficiency and the online rate of vapourizing furnace that in vapourizing furnace, produce.Wherein, online rate is gasifier operation time/mono-year total time in 1 year.
Further, 0.6 times of the diameter of the cylinder section that respectively this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis L1 is this refractory liner to the distance on the end face of this lower cone section, secondary oxygen supply burner axis L2 on horizontal plane and between this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis L1 angle be 4 °, this secondary oxygen supply burner axis L2 on vertical plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis L1 angle be 8 °.
The present invention also provides a kind of gasification process of classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace as above, and it specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 100, passes into oxygenant, steam and carbonaceous material in this process burner, it is entered and in this vaporizer, carry out gasification reaction.
Step 101, passes into oxygenant to secondary oxygen supply burner simultaneously in described gasification reaction process, promotes further gasification reaction.
Step 102, under the raw gas generating by gasification reaction in this vaporizer and liquid slag the flow direction, liquid slag flows to shock chamber through airway, and is crushed into solid slag after Quench heat exchange, and this solid slag is discharged, raw gas is discharged from raw gas outlet.
In the present invention; oxygenant classification is added; guarantee vapourizing furnace high carbon conversions, low wall calorific loss and cinder notch slag tap simultaneously; wherein stair oxidation agent and carbonaceous material add from being positioned at the process burner at upper housing 1 top, have realized the gasification reaction of the disperse of carbonaceous material phase and carbonaceous material particle, in this region; with respect to carbonaceous material fusing point; carbonaceous material gasification temperature is relatively low, has most of carbonaceous material particle or with semicoke, or the form of slag film parcel semicoke exists.Secondary oxidation agent adds from secondary oxygen supply burner, for improving near the temperature of lower cone section and slag notch, guarantees the slag tap of vapourizing furnace slag notch on the one hand; On the other hand to semicoke, or the form particle of slag film parcel semicoke further gasifies.
Wherein, this oxygenant in step 100 and step 101 is the gas of oxygenous amount volume ratio 21%-100%.Certainly, the carbonaceous material in the present invention can be slurry state carbonaceous material or powdery carbonaceous material.In actual application, carbonaceous material can also be coal, refinery coke, residual oil, pitch, biomass or mud.
In addition, the oxygenant volume that passes into this process burner in step 100 accounts for the 85%-95% of operating oxidizer volume, and the oxygen volume that passes into secondary oxygen supply burner in step 101 accounts for the 5%-15% of operation oxygen volume.Meanwhile, in order to realize the disperse of good carbonaceous material particle, and extending the short residence time(SRT) of particle, is 50m/s～70m/s from the steam that sprays in process burner or the speed of oxygenant.
In addition, pass into the oxygen of this process burner and the mass ratio of carbonaceous material (equivalent coal) is 0.5～0.8, passing into the steam of this process burner and the mass ratio of carbonaceous material is 0.05～0.2.Temperature near process burner place in this vaporizer is 1300 ℃, higher more than 100 ℃ than lime-ash yield temperature near the temperature at lower cone section place in vaporizer.
Below for adopting entrained-flow bed gasifier with staged oxygen feeding of the present invention to carry out gasification test and the result calculating:
Effect embodiment 1
Process 1500 tons of coal grading oxygen supply vapourizing furnaces one day, the fine coal of take gasifies as raw material; Vapor pressure 4.0MPa, refractory liner is membrane wall.Vapourizing furnace coal consumption t is 1500 tons/day, and deposition is 80%, and vaporizer diameter D is 2400mm, and vaporizer height H is 6000mm, and in water wall, water temperature T w is 493K.Table 1 has provided existing vapourizing furnace data, and table 2 provides the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data.
Table 1, existing vapourizing furnace data
Table 2, the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data
The coal analysis data that obtain are as shown in following table 3～table 6:
Table 3, technical analysis table
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Air-dried moisture Mar | 0.4％(wt) |
| Dry base fixed carbon Mar | 62.8％(wt) |
| Dry base volatile matter Var | 10.81％(wt) |
| Dry base ash content Aar | 26.39％(wt) |
Table 4, ultimate analysis table
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Dry base carbon Cd | 67.13％(wt) |
| Dry base hydrogen Hd | 2.92％(wt) |
| Dry base oxygen Od | 2.19％(wt) |
| Dry base nitrogen Nd | 0.99％(wt) |
| The dry full sulphur St of base, d | 0.369％(wt) |
Table 5, calorific value, ash fusion point and slag physical property
Table 6, existing vapourizing furnace and the contrast of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace
Table 6 has provided vaporizer temperature under two kinds of vapourizing furnaces, slag notch temperature, efficiency of carbon conversion, vapourizing furnace wall thermosteresis, than oxygen, has consumed, than coal consumption and effective gas composition, contrasts, wherein, and than oxygen consumption Nm
3/ 1000Nm
3(CO+H
2) expression generation 1000Nm
3effective synthetic gas (CO+H
2) amount of oxygen that consumes; Than coal consumption Nm
3/ 1000Nm
3(CO+H
2) expression generation 1000Nm
3effective synthetic gas (CO+H
2) the coal amount that consumes.As known from Table 6, with respect to existing vapourizing furnace, in the present embodiment, secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis is 0.5D to the distance H 1 of lower cone section end face, make the interior integral high-temperature of vapourizing furnace district in vaporizer bottom, therefore the present embodiment vapourizing furnace bulk temperature is far below existing vapourizing furnace, and then vapourizing furnace is being guaranteed under the condition of slag notch high temperature, wall thermosteresis is far below existing vapourizing furnace, thereby the ratio oxygen consumption that makes the present embodiment vapourizing furnace is 77.8% of existing vapourizing furnace, it is existing vapourizing furnace than coal consumption 89.1%, its effective gas composition is existing vapourizing furnace 103.1%.In addition, secondary oxygen supply burner axis on horizontal plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis angle α be 3 °, on vertical plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis, angle β is 5 °, make secondary oxygen in vaporizer bottom, form the downward flow field of eddy flow, make high-temperature zone, vaporizer bottom further downwards and move to wall, make near the slag of slag notch wall there is better mobility, be more conducive to vapourizing furnace slag tap.
Effect embodiment 2
Process 1500 tons of coal grading oxygen supply vapourizing furnaces one day, the fine coal of take gasifies as raw material; Vapor pressure 4.0MPa, refractory liner is membrane wall.Vapourizing furnace coal consumption t is 1500 tons/day, and deposition is 80%, and vaporizer diameter D is 2400mm, and vaporizer height H is 6000mm, and in water wall, water temperature T w is 493K.Table 7 has provided existing vapourizing furnace data, and table 8 provides the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data.
Table 7, existing vapourizing furnace data
Table 8, the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data
Table 9, existing vapourizing furnace and the contrast of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace
Table 9 has provided vaporizer temperature under two kinds of vapourizing furnaces, slag notch temperature, efficiency of carbon conversion, vapourizing furnace wall thermosteresis, than oxygen, has consumed, than coal consumption and effective gas composition, contrasts, wherein, and than oxygen consumption Nm
3/ 1000Nm
3(CO+H
2) expression generation 1000Nm
3effective synthetic gas (CO+H
2) amount of oxygen that consumes; Than coal consumption Nm
3/ 1000Nm
3(CO+H
2) expression generation 1000Nm
3effective synthetic gas (CO+H
2) the coal amount that consumes.As known from Table 9, with respect to existing vapourizing furnace, in the present embodiment, secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis is 0.6D to the distance H 1 of lower cone section end face, make the interior integral high-temperature of vapourizing furnace district in vaporizer bottom, therefore the present embodiment vapourizing furnace bulk temperature is far below existing vapourizing furnace, and then vapourizing furnace is being guaranteed under the condition of slag notch high temperature, wall thermosteresis is far below existing vapourizing furnace, thereby the ratio oxygen consumption that makes the present embodiment vapourizing furnace is 78.9% of existing vapourizing furnace, it is existing vapourizing furnace than coal consumption 90.2%, its effective gas composition is existing vapourizing furnace 101.8%.In addition, secondary oxygen supply burner axis on horizontal plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis angle α be 4 °, on vertical plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis, angle β is 8 °, make secondary oxygen in vaporizer bottom, form the downward flow field of eddy flow, make high-temperature zone, vaporizer bottom further downwards and move to wall, make near the slag of slag notch wall there is better mobility, be more conducive to vapourizing furnace slag tap.
Effect embodiment 3
Process 1500 tons of coal grading oxygen supply vapourizing furnaces one day, the fine coal of take gasifies as raw material; Vapor pressure 4.0MPa, refractory liner is membrane wall.Vapourizing furnace coal consumption t is 1500 tons/day, and deposition is 80%, and vaporizer diameter D is 2400mm, and vaporizer height H is 6000mm, and in water wall, water temperature T w is 493K.Table 10 has provided existing vapourizing furnace data, and table 11 provides the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data.
Table 10, existing vapourizing furnace data
Table 11, the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data
Table 12, existing vapourizing furnace and the contrast of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace
Table 12 has provided vaporizer temperature under two kinds of vapourizing furnaces, slag notch temperature, efficiency of carbon conversion, vapourizing furnace wall thermosteresis, than oxygen, has consumed, than coal consumption and effective gas composition, contrasts, wherein, and than oxygen consumption Nm
3/ 1000Nm
3(CO+H
2) expression generation 1000Nm
3effective synthetic gas (CO+H
2) amount of oxygen that consumes; Than coal consumption Nm
3/ 1000Nm
3(CO+H
2) expression generation 1000Nm
3effective synthetic gas (CO+H
2) the coal amount that consumes.As known from Table 12, with respect to existing vapourizing furnace, in the present embodiment, secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis is 0.8D to the distance H 1 of lower cone section end face, make the interior integral high-temperature of vapourizing furnace district in vaporizer bottom, therefore the present embodiment vapourizing furnace bulk temperature is far below existing vapourizing furnace, and then vapourizing furnace is being guaranteed under the condition of slag notch high temperature, wall thermosteresis is far below existing vapourizing furnace, thereby the ratio oxygen consumption that makes the present embodiment vapourizing furnace is 81.2% of existing vapourizing furnace, it is existing vapourizing furnace than coal consumption 90.9%, its effective gas composition is existing vapourizing furnace 101.6%.In addition, secondary oxygen supply burner axis on horizontal plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis angle α be 5 °, on vertical plane and between secondary oxygen supply burner chamber axis, angle β is 10 °, make secondary oxygen in vaporizer bottom, form the downward flow field of eddy flow, make high-temperature zone, vaporizer bottom further downwards and move to wall, make near the slag of slag notch wall there is better mobility, be more conducive to vapourizing furnace slag tap.
In sum, known from above three effect embodiment: with respect to prior art, on the one hand, secondary oxygen supply burner of the present invention is more near slag notch, be that the interior integral high-temperature of vapourizing furnace district is in vaporizer bottom, therefore invention vapourizing furnace bulk temperature is far below existing vapourizing furnace, and then vapourizing furnace is being guaranteed under the condition of slag notch high temperature, wall thermosteresis is far below existing vapourizing furnace, thus make vapourizing furnace of the present invention ratio oxygen consumption, than coal consumption and effectively gas composition be all obviously better than existing vapourizing furnace; On the other hand, the angle β of the axis of the angle α of the axis of vapourizing furnace secondary oxygen supply burner of the present invention on horizontal plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber and secondary oxygen supply burner on vertical plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is designed to suitable value, be that secondary oxygen forms the downward flow field of eddy flow in vaporizer bottom, make high-temperature zone, vaporizer bottom further downwards and move to wall, make near the slag of slag notch wall there is better mobility, be more conducive to vapourizing furnace slag tap.
Although more than described the specific embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that this only illustrates, protection scope of the present invention is limited by appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not deviating under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention and essence, can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these changes and modification all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace, comprise upper housing, this upper housing comprises a upper cover, one vertical piece housing and a lower cover, this is vertically connected with this lower cover with this upper cover respectively at the two ends of cylinder piece housing, the top of this upper cover is provided with process burner chamber, the bottom of this lower cover is provided with slag notch, this vertically the bottom of cylinder piece housing vertically to having a lower housing that is formed with a condensing chamber, the bottom of this lower housing is provided with slag-drip opening, the upper portion side wall of this lower housing is provided with raw gas outlet, it is characterized in that, this classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace also comprises that one is arranged on the refractory liner in this upper housing, in this refractory liner, be formed with a vaporizer, the top of this vaporizer is connected with this process burner chamber, the bottom of this vaporizer is connected with this condensing chamber by this slag notch, this refractory liner is membrane wall,
This refractory liner comprises that one is arranged at the upper cone section of this bottom, process burner chamber, one simplified section and one lower cone section that is arranged at this slag notch bottom, this sidewall of simplified section is provided with at least one secondary oxygen supply burner chamber of being fixed on this vertical simple piece housing sidewall, and it is indoor with this secondary oxygen supply burner that the process burner of this classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace and secondary oxygen supply burner are arranged on respectively this process burner chamber;
The axis of this process burner chamber and the dead in line of this vaporizer, the dead in line of the axis of this process burner and this process burner chamber, and this process burner is for sending into oxygenant, steam and carbonaceous material to produce gasification reaction in vaporizer;
The 0.5-0.8 of the diameter of simplified section that respectively axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is this refractory liner to the distance on the end face of this lower cone section doubly, the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber and the intersect vertical axis of this vaporizer, the angle of the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner on horizontal plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 3 °-5 °, the angle of the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner on vertical plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 5 °-10 °, and respectively this secondary oxygen supply burner is used for passing into oxygenant.
2. classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, 0.6 times of the diameter of simplified section that respectively axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is this refractory liner to the distance on the end face of this lower cone section, the angle of the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner on horizontal plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 4 °, and the angle of the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner on vertical plane and between the axis of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber is 8 °.
3. classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of this secondary oxygen supply burner chamber and secondary oxygen supply burner is two, and two these secondary oxygen supply burner chambers are positioned in same level and along this simplified section is circumferentially uniformly distributed.
4. the classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace as described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, the bottom of this lower cone section is installed with a water cooler and an airway being connected with this water cooler, one end of this airway is connected with this vaporizer by this slag notch, and the other end is connected with this condensing chamber.
5. a gasification process for classification oxygen supply vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, it specifically comprises the following steps:
S
1, oxygenant, steam and carbonaceous material are passed in this process burner, it is entered and in this vaporizer, carries out gasification reaction;
S
2, simultaneously in described gasification reaction process, secondary oxygen supply burner is passed into oxygenant, promote further gasification reaction;
S
3, the raw gas that generates by gasification reaction in this vaporizer and liquid slag and flow under, liquid slag flows to shock chamber through airway, and is crushed into solid slag after Quench heat exchange, and this solid slag is discharged, raw gas is discharged from raw gas outlet.
6. gasification process as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described oxygenant is the gas of oxygenous amount volume ratio 21%-100%.
7. gasification process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the oxygenant volume that passes into this process burner accounts for the 85%-95% of operating oxidizer volume, the oxygenant volume that passes into secondary oxygen supply burner accounts for the 5%-15% of operating oxidizer volume, from the steam that sprays in process burner or the speed of oxygenant, is 50m/s～70m/s.
8. gasification process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, passing into the oxygen of this process burner and the mass ratio of carbonaceous material is 0.5～0.8, passing into the steam of this process burner and the mass ratio of carbonaceous material is 0.05～0.2, temperature near this process burner place in this vaporizer is 1300 ℃, higher more than 100 ℃ than lime-ash yield temperature near the temperature at lower cone section place in this vaporizer.
9. the gasification process as described in any one in claim 5-8, is characterized in that, described carbonaceous material is slurry state carbonaceous material or powdery carbonaceous material.
10. the gasification process as described in any one in claim 5-8, is characterized in that, described carbonaceous material is coal, refinery coke, residual oil, pitch, biomass or mud.
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| CN107418632A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-12-01 | 华东理工大学 | Produce gasification system and gasification process that methane thermal is vented one's spleen with synthesis gas simultaneously |
| CN109504444A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-22 | 清华大学山西清洁能源研究院 | Oxygen classification gasifying furnace with radiation waste pot |
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