CN104003767A - Kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment with capability of rapid drying - Google Patents
Kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment with capability of rapid drying Download PDFInfo
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- CN104003767A CN104003767A CN201410255692.4A CN201410255692A CN104003767A CN 104003767 A CN104003767 A CN 104003767A CN 201410255692 A CN201410255692 A CN 201410255692A CN 104003767 A CN104003767 A CN 104003767A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention provides kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment with the capability of rapid drying. The kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment comprises a reaction cavity with the function of mixing, a cooling water circulation and condensate water collection system, an air heating and ventilation system with the function of deodorization, a water bath heating and thermal insulation system and an intelligent control system with the function of remote monitoring, wherein a temperature/humidity sensor and an oxygen concentration sensor are installed in the reaction cavity and used for monitoring the temperature, the humidity and the oxygen concentration in the reaction cavity; a heater and a temperature sensor are installed in a water bath cavity and can be used for providing heat to the reaction cavity timely, a thermal insulation interlayer is arranged outside the water bath cavity and used for preserving the heat of the water bath cavity; the air heating and ventilation system can be used for ensuring the oxygen concentration in the reaction cavity in the treating process; the cooling water circulation and condensate water collection system can be used for educing water vapor in the reaction cavity timely; a tail gas deodorization system can be used for preventing secondary environmental pollution due to the gas; and the equipment is controlled to run by a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) intelligent control system. The kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment has a simple structure, is low in the running energy consumption and is good in the treating efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The field that the invention belongs to organic solid castoff processing and resource technology, is specially adapted to processing and the disposal of the organic wastes such as changing food waste.
Background technology
Changing food waste is mainly derived from food process tankage (kitchen is remaining) and edible remaining (hogwash) that food and restaurant service industry, family and enterprises and institutions dining room etc. produce.Develop rapidly along with our national economy, the quickening gradually of Development of China's Urbanization, the output of changing food waste significantly rises in China, at home large-scale, Zhong Ru Beijing, megapolis, Shanghai, Shenzhen etc., the day output of changing food waste has reached thousands of tons of, and the annual production of national changing food waste reaches ten million ton.Along with the lasting propelling of Development of China's Urbanization, food safety and environmental safety more and more come into one's own, and changing food waste is used as traditional outlet of cultivation raw material just in atrophy.The processing disposal options of the changing food waste in current city be take garbage loading embeading as main, changing food waste enters landfill yard except taking limited storage capacity, also can increase the load of follow-up percolation liquid treating system, in collection, transportation and landfill disposal process, easily produce environment is produced to secondary pollution, can cause a hidden trouble to hygienic safety.As returnable put environment dirty and messy, multiply and attract the insects such as mosquito, fly, mouse, cockroach, infectivity disease, harm the people healthy; Near refuse collection transfer point, easily produce bad smell, cause the dislike on people's sense organ; Due to the higher characteristic of changing food waste water content, in the process of transportation, easily there is changing food waste and leak outside and pour down or forth, have a strong impact on the appearance of the city, city's looks and traffic; Most importantly the rubbish of urban catering enterprise is many is collected by raiser, as feed ingredient, directly uses, and the unprocessed human foods chain that enters of rubbish, jeopardizes the healthy of the people; And for away from the supporting food and beverage enterprise in natural scenic spots, urban, because of its shipment distance far the transhipment cycle long, its changing food waste producing is collected the temporary time than general food and beverage enterprise head at scenic spot, larger to the potential hazard of scenic spot environment.Changing food waste is the most general waste producing in daily life, belong to domestic refuse, its main component comprises the organism such as starch food, vegetable fibre, animal proteinum and fats, there is water ratio high, grease, salt content are high, perishable smelly, be unfavorable for the features such as common dumper transportation.The environmental quality that the changing food waste producing for Special Areass such as Scenic Spots is very easy to superelevation to require in transportation transfer process produces harm.The treatment technology of changing food waste mainly comprises landfill, burning, fodder processing, anaerobically fermenting and aerobic compost etc. at present, wherein more potential is anaerobically fermenting and aerobic compost, but these two kinds of method treatment cycles are longer, be difficult to meet changing food waste daily output day clear requirement.Therefore, a kind of invention that changing food waste can be processed on the spot and had the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of continuous processing power has been proposed under this background.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to develop a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability.This equipment lamps structure is simple, little, the easy processing of occupation of land face, intellectuality, working cost are low, the feature of convenient management, is suitable for miniaturization, commercialization and regularization.
The present invention proposes a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability forms by the reaction cavity with stirring, cooling water circulation and condensation water collection system, air heating and with ventilation system, heating in water bath and the heat-insulation system of deodorization functions with the intelligent control system of remote supervisory, can realize the effect that continuous dosing processing, intermittent take-off and discharging product reach fertilizer standard.
In the reaction cavity of described a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability, rotation axis is installed, stirring rake is installed on rotation axis, the drive by step-down gear can realize carries out turning reoxygenation to reactor block.
In the water-bath chamber of described a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability, well heater and temperature sensor are installed, can be in time to evenly heat supply fast of reaction cavity; The import and export of also having reserved external thermal water source on water-bath cavity supplement the circulation of water-bath for external hot water; Outside water-bath chamber, be heat insulating interlayer, for the insulation of cavity, thermal insulation separation thermosphere is wrapped in reaction cavity wherein.
The air heating of described a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability and there is deodorization functions ventilation system can guarantee the oxygen concn in reaction chamber in treating processes, when the microbial life Metabolic activity of heap body is when very vigorous, the reoxygenation speed of simple turning may not catch up with the oxygen consumption rate of microorganism, therefore need to there is blower fan to carry out forced ventilation to heap body, airheater can make the air themperature that enters reaction cavity be consistent with the leavening temperature of heap body, can guarantee microbic activity; Tail gas deodoration system can be avoided the secondary pollution to environment of the foul gas that produces in forced ventilation and degradation process.
Described a kind of cooling water circulation and condensation water collection system with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability can derive the steam in reaction chamber in time, combine with the humidity sensor in reaction cavity, can guarantee that humidity in reaction cavity is all the time in the suitableeest humidity value of microorganism, thereby guarantee the efficient degradation speed of microorganism.
Described a kind of operation with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability is controlled by PLC intelligent control system, this Controlling System is by temperature/humidity sensor, oxygen concentration sensor, signal transmitting device, man-machine dialog interface, remote monitoring server and PLC module form: when the controlling run program writing is in advance imported to PLC module, Controlling System just can be carried out effective management and control to each electromechanical equipment of a complete set of equipment, and the various kinds of equipment parameter in the running status of each electromechanical equipment and fermenting process can be transported to man-machine dialog interface and remote monitoring server, after remote monitoring service is entered the Internet, just can pass through the terminating units such as mobile phone, flat board and computer and realize the long-range real-time monitoring to fermentation equipment.
The working process of the present invention proposes a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability is as follows:
The first step: open feeding door, drop into the changing food waste wet feed through draining, feeding intake can be as required at any time, add in real time;
Second step: close feeding door, start the automatic operation button of intelligent control system;
The 3rd step: in operational process, according to the production of changing food waste, add in real time wet feed, and can by the terminals such as mobile phone and computer at any time, real time access fermentation equipment, understand the running condition of fermentation equipment;
The 4th step: according to the default cycle of operation or actual needs, draw clearly in right amount leavened prod for afforesting fertilising.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, in the changing food waste that present device can guarantee to drop into every day, contained moisture is discharged in 24h, guarantees stable the remaining between 20%-40% of water ratio of material in reaction chamber, makes remaining organism be continued fermentation maturity.Thereby realize the continuous processing of changing food waste;
2, the combination measure of heating in water bath of the present invention and heat insulating interlayer, can protect the fermentation heat production of microorganism to greatest extent, reduces running cost;
3, the present invention has creatively used the method for the cooling collection of water of condensation of being controlled by humidity, can guarantee all the time that the humidity in reaction cavity maintains its suitableeest humidity, thereby guarantee efficient degradation rate;
4, the present invention has creatively introduced the PLC intelligent monitor system based on technology of Internet of things, except realizing the automatic operation of unmanned intelligence equipment, can also utilize the terminal servers such as mobile phone, flat board and the computer server of access means at any time, grasp fermentation equipment each electromechanical equipment in operation process working condition the real-time parameter in fermenting process, realized the digitizing of a whole set of fermentation equipment and full fermenting process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment vertical view and system assembles schematic diagram with rapid drying ability of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of A-A sectional views with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is a kind of B-B sectional views with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability of the present invention.
Reference numeral: 1. step-down gear, 2. rotating shaft, 3. stirring rake, 4. heat preservation sandwich layer, 5. water-bath acceptor, 6. heating rod open holes, 7. water-bath cavity moisturizing hole, 8. water-bath cavity posticum, 9. opening for feed/draw clearly mouth, 10. blast inlet, 11. air outlets, 12. cooling water intakes, 13. cooling water outlets, 14. water of condensation collect outlet, 15. blower fans, 16. airheaters, 17. tail gas odor removals, 18. water coolant water pumps, 19. cooling water tanks, 20. hot water cooling towers, 21. cooling water tank liquidometers, 22. cooling water tank temperature sensors, 23. hot well tanks/water-heater, 24. blowdown ditches, 25. reaction cavities, 26. air cloth tracheaes, 27. blast main fixed supports, 28. well heaters, 29. water-cooled tubes, 30. condensation water collection pipes, 31. bath temperature sensors, 32. temperature/humidity sensor, 33. oxygen concentration sensors, 34. artificial PLC Controlling System, 35. sender units, 36. remote servers.
embodiment
The first step: should be first after fermentation equipment installs at the scene water flowing energising, water-bath cavity 5 and cooling water tank 19 and hot well tank/water-heater 23 are full of to water, then on the man-machine dialog interface of intelligent control system 34, the button of operation is automatically pressed;
Second step: open opening for feed 9, the wet feed that drains the changing food waste of moisture is dropped into reaction cavity 25, close opening for feed 9 after feeding intake, this step repeats according to the actual requirements every day, and opening for feed can be driveed at top and also can drive in side;
The 3rd step: under the control of intelligent control system 34, a whole set of fermentation apparatus system starts changing food waste to carry out aerobic fermentation degraded, all electromechanical equipments are pressed blas running, and specific procedure is as follows:
(1) by step-down gear 1, drive rotating shaft 2 to be rotated, the 3 pairs of changing food waste heap bodies of stirring rake in rotating shaft 2 carry out turning reoxygenation;
(2) temperature/humidity sensor 32 of reaction cavity 25 interior installations is sent to PLC intelligent control system 34 in real time by the temperature in cavity and temperature, when the temperature in reaction cavity does not reach requiring of equipment setting, PLC intelligent control system 34 will automatically be enabled water-bath 5 and be heated, main type of heating has two kinds, a kind of is the well heater 28 of enabling in water-bath cavity, make the water temperature in water-bath reach the requirement that equipment is set, when the water temperature of water-bath reaches the temperature setting, well heater 28 in water-bath cavity just quits work, another kind of type of heating is the moisturizing valve of opening hot well tank/water-heater 23, make the hot water of hot well tank/water-heater 23 enter water-bath cavity 5 by water-bath cavity water supplement port 7, the interior water more than needed of water-bath cavity 5 will be got back to hot well tank/water-heater 23 by water-bath water outlet 8 and heat, so move in circles until the temperature sensor 31 in water-bath cavity detects after water temperature reaches the requirement that equipment sets stops,
(3) when) oxygen concentration sensor 33 of reaction cavity 25 interior installations will detect oxygen concn in cavity lower than airborne oxygen concn, PLC intelligent control system 34 will be enabled air heating ventilation system automatically, specifically enable airheater 16 and blower fan (pneumatic pump) 15, the air that process is heated is by blast inlet 10 access arrangements on equipment, and finally the air cloth tracheae 26 by oblique lower perforate blows to warm air the heap surface of changing food waste, until the oxygen concentration sensor 33 in cavity detects oxygen concn in cavity while returning normal value, PLC Controlling System stops blower fan (pneumatic pump) 15 and airheater 16 again, gas in reaction cavity interior 25 enters tail gas odor removal 17 by air outlet 11, finally discharged to environment or guide to sanitary sewer manhole,
(4) along with the carrying out of fermentation reaction, humidity in reaction cavity 25 will continue to raise, when height arrives equipment set(ting)value, temperature/humidity sensor 32 in reaction cavity 25 sends signal to PLC intelligent control system 34, PLC intelligent control system 34 will be enabled cooling-water pump 18, water coolant will enter the water-cooled tube 29 in cavity by cooling water intake 12, the heat exchange that heat steam in water-cooled tube 29 and outside pipe carries out, make the globule after hot steam condensation and be attached to the outer wall of water-cooled tube 29, after the long water droplet of the globule, fall into be positioned under condensation water collection pipe 30, and finally by water of condensation water outlet 14, enter trench 24, and water coolant after heat exchange heats up leaves water-cooled tube 29 by cooling water outlet 13, after lowering the temperature with environment heat exchange by the cooling tower 20 of cooling water tank 19 tops again, enter cooling water tank 19, so move in circles until the humidity in reaction cavity is reduced to equipment set(ting)value,
(5) cooling water system is in operational process, water temperature in cooling water tank can be because carry out heat exchange and heat up with the hot steam in reaction cavity, when the temperature sensor 22 in cooling water tank 19 detects water temperature in cooling water tank and is elevated to equipment set(ting)value, PLC intelligent control system 34 will be supplemented normal temperature tap water to cooling water tank 19 automatically, until the temperature in water tank is reduced to equipment set(ting)value;
(6) when the liquidometer in cooling water tank 19 21 detects liquid level in water tank lower than the work liquid level of water pump, if cooling-water pump 18 is being worked, PLC intelligent control system 34 will be closed the cooling-water pump 18 moving automatically, and cooling water tank 19 is carried out to moisturizing simultaneously, until the water level in cooling water tank 19 is while reaching the work liquid level of water pump, after comprehensive other parameters of PLC intelligent control system 34, according to equipment, set and require the start and stop of cooling-water pump 18 to assign further instruction again, if not work of cooling-water pump 18, PLC intelligent control system 34 will be supplemented normal temperature tap water to cooling water tank 19 automatically, until the water level of water tank reaches the desired work liquid level of cooling-water pump 18,
(7) in the operational process of fermentation equipment, the signal that PLC intelligent control system 34 transmits each sensor in real-time receiving equipment, and according to these signals, each electromechanical equipment in fermentation equipment is dispatched to management and control, PLC intelligent control system 34 is sent to remote server 36 by sender unit 35 in real time by the stoppage in transit information of various types of signal and electromechanical equipment simultaneously, the relevant personnel just can be by mobile phone, the terminating units such as flat board and computer are accessed remote server at any time, thereby grasp in real time the real time execution situation of fermentation equipment, thereby realize the digital management to fermentation equipment.
Claims (7)
1. a changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability, the reaction cavity that it is characterized in that being stirred by band, cooling water circulation and condensation water collection system, air heating and form with ventilation system, heating in water bath and the heat-insulation system of deodorization functions with the intelligent control system of remote supervisory.
2. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in reaction cavity, temperature/humidity sensor and oxygen concentration sensor are installed, for the physical and chemical parameter of monitoring equipment operational process; Well heater and temperature sensor are installed in water-bath chamber, can be according to the actual temperature demand in reaction cavity in time to reaction cavity heat supply; Outside water-bath chamber, be heat insulating interlayer, for the insulation of cavity; Air heating and ventilation system can be guaranteed oxygen concn enough in reaction chamber in treating processes; Cooling water circulation and condensation water collection system can will derive after the steam condensation in reaction chamber in time; Tail gas deodoration system can prevent the secondary pollution to environment of foul gas in cavity; Equipment is by PLC intelligent control system controlling run.
3. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the reaction cavity with agitating function, the structure of cavity is horizontal cylindrical, the post heart position of cylinder is provided with stirring shaft, the stirring rake that left and right is staggered is installed in rotating shaft, and rotating shaft is driven by the step-down gear that is arranged on cavity outside.
4. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that cooling water circulation and condensation water collection system be installed on reaction cavity directly over, be respectively from the top down and have water-cooled tube and the condensation water collection pipe with certain inclination angle of a ranking under water-cooled tube that the top of mouth, the equidistant installation of a row of horizontal are drawn clearly in opening for feed/discharging, wherein:
(1) water-cooled tube can adopt the smooth material such as mirror face stainless steel pipe or square tube, while using square tube, should make its diagonal lines vertically downward;
(2) continuous mode of water-cooled tube can be that to connect can be also in parallel, the source of water coolant is cooling water tank or tap water, while adopting cooling water tank, answer the supporting water pump with liquid level protection, and in cooling water tank mounting temperature sensor and cooling water tank automatic water supplement electromagnetism/electrically operated valve, when the water temperature of cooling water tank raises or during water shortage, automatic water supplement electromagnetism/electrically operated valve will be opened moisturizing until the water temperature of water tank is closed while reaching systemic presupposition value and safety level more automatically;
(3) semicanal of condensation water collection Guan Weixiang fovea superior, the medullary ray of pipe should be consistent with the medullary ray of the water-cooled tube of top, the caliber of condensation water collection semicanal should not be less than water-cooled tube, condensation water collection pipe merges to a supervisor outward at reaction cavity, and water of condensation is entered to municipal wastewater pipe network or sewage treatment facility;
(4) opening for feed can be driveed at top and also can drive in side.
5. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that air heating and with the ventilation system of deodorization functions by airheater, blower fan, gas distributing pipeline and tail gas odor removal form, airheater and blower fan interlock, synchronously start or stop, gas distributing pipeline is fixedly installed in the inwall that closes on step-down gear one side in reaction cavity, its mounting height is a little more than 1/2 radius in semicolumn, gas distribution pipe has the gas hole under oblique towards heap body one side, for forcing to blow hot gas to heap surface, both can guarantee that in reaction process, having enough oxygen in reaction cavity carried out life Metabolic activity for aerobic microbiological, can take away again the part steam in reaction cavity, the position a little less than condensation water collection pipe at the bearing surface of the other end is provided with production well, and this production well can directly be guided to the inspection chamber of water drain, also can be connected to the odor removal that is filled with the sorbing materials such as granulated active carbon, for the deodorizing of tail gas, processes.
6. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that heating in water bath and heat-insulation system are comprised of heating in water bath cavity and heat insulating interlayer, the hot water source of water-bath has two kinds of outer supplying hot water and built-in heating units, liquidometer and temperature sensor are installed in water-bath cavity, when liquid level in water-bath cavity is not enough, system will be automatically to water-bath moisturizing, when the water temperature of water-bath declines, system will automatically be supplemented hot water or open heating unit until water temperature reaches the preset value of system; Outside water-bath chamber, be heat insulating interlayer, heat insulating interlayer has also wrapped up the upper space of reaction cavity except parcel water-bath chamber, can play good insulation effect to whole reaction cavity and water-bath, can improve heating efficiency and reduce operation energy consumption.
7. according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability described in 5 and 6, it is characterized in that the control of fermentation equipment and each subsystem is by PLC intelligent monitor system controlling run, this system is by each travel switch, temperature sensor, signal transmitting device, man-machine dialog interface, remote monitoring server and PLC module form, when the controlling run program writing is in advance imported to PLC module, Controlling System just can be carried out effective management and control to each electromechanical equipment of a complete set of equipment, and the various kinds of equipment parameter in the running status of each electromechanical equipment and fermenting process can be transported to man-machine dialog interface and remote monitoring server, after remote monitoring service is entered the Internet, just can pass through the terminating units such as mobile phone, flat board and computer and realize the long-range real-time monitoring to fermentation equipment.
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| CN201410255692.4A CN104003767B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | Kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment with quick drying capacity |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104609916A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-13 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Method and device for high-temperature rapid fermentation on agricultural waste to produce organic fertilizer |
| CN107012073A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-04 | 北京首创污泥处置技术股份有限公司 | Aerobic fermentation system |
| CN108101600A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-01 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of villages and small towns mixing organic solid castoff aerobic composting device |
| CN110835275A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-25 | 浙江宝成机械科技有限公司 | High-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for kitchen waste |
| CN111526074A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-11 | 蔚复来(浙江)科技股份有限公司 | Household intelligent fermentation device and method |
| CN111796615A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-20 | 深圳市家家分类科技有限公司 | Thermal balance control method and related equipment |
| CN111796612A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-20 | 深圳市家家分类科技有限公司 | Temperature control method and related product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110835275A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-25 | 浙江宝成机械科技有限公司 | High-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for kitchen waste |
| CN111796615A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-20 | 深圳市家家分类科技有限公司 | Thermal balance control method and related equipment |
| CN111796612A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-20 | 深圳市家家分类科技有限公司 | Temperature control method and related product |
| CN111796615B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2023-03-28 | 深圳市家家分类科技有限公司 | Thermal balance control method and related equipment |
| CN111526074A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-11 | 蔚复来(浙江)科技股份有限公司 | Household intelligent fermentation device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104003767B (en) | 2022-12-23 |
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