CN104002028B - A kind of welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation - Google Patents
A kind of welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104002028B CN104002028B CN201410202063.5A CN201410202063A CN104002028B CN 104002028 B CN104002028 B CN 104002028B CN 201410202063 A CN201410202063 A CN 201410202063A CN 104002028 B CN104002028 B CN 104002028B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/035—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts with backing means disposed under the seam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
- B23K2101/185—Tailored blanks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation, first metal thick plate workpiece is assembled into the mean place U-shaped groove to be welded of groove gap 8 ~ 16mm, root gap 4 ~ 8mm, root face height 0 ~ 2mm, and is provided with the liner of grooving at the groove back side; Be filled with mode according to thickness of slab and welding hierarchy selection protective gas, set backing welding respectively, fill the electric arc shake frequency of weldering and cosmetic welding, electric arc shake amplitude, electric arc the sidewall time of staying, average welding current, average arc voltage as and speed of welding; Under the support of back of weld liner, realize rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation automatic welding.Groove type of the present invention be simple and easy to processing, technique applicability is strong, welding efficiency is high, appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, property of welded joint is good, implementation cost is low, practical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, specifically relate to a kind of welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation.
Background technology
One side welding with back formation technique is a kind of the welding method that simultaneously need be shaped at the welding of workpiece side, tow sides, has now been widely used in the manufacture fields such as Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, boilers and pressure vessel, heavy-duty machinery.At present, most one side welding with back formation technique normally adopts existing arc-welding method, and utilizes bevel for welding back-welding shape liner to the supporting role in molten bath, realizes the backing welding to workpiece grooves, fills weldering and cosmetic welding.Adopt this technique can save workpiece turning operation, and without the need to carrying out sealing run back chipping and repair welding again, be particularly suitable for large-scale and heavy component, the inaccessible box of reverse side weld seam or the tubular element that weld some upset difficulties.
Traditional one side welding with back formation technique thermal weld stress is large and need open; Wide-angle groove, as the patent No. be " ZL200610122611.9 ", name is called " CO
2gas protected single-sided welding and double-sided forming process " patent of invention namely belong to this type of technique, its welding current 420 ~ 540A, weldingvoltage 43 ~ 50V, speed of welding 30 ~ 48cm/min, evenly heat input about 35KJ/cm; When slab (workpiece thickness of slab is greater than 30mm) welds, V-butt angle will reach 60 ~ 70 °, and groove loading increases, and welding efficiency reduces.Therefore, the high-effect high-quality welding requirements of slab high-strength steel (thickness of slab is greater than 30mm, and yield strength is greater than 460Mpa) cannot be competent at.
For slab one side welding with back formation, during domestic and international existing narrow clearance melting electrode arc-welding method welding, technique is loaded down with trivial details, and equipment is complicated.The patent No. is " ZL200610117342.7 ", name is called that " shell-and-tube exchanger tube sheet and hemispherical head single welding narrow gap welding technology " namely belongs to this type of technology, its applicable thickness of slab is 78 ~ 280mm, main weld bevel angle 0.9 ~ 18 °, width 28 ~ 34mm, groove bottom adopts pen type manual argon arc welding to connect technique (welding current 150 ~ 180A), graded seal adopts SMAW (welding current 90 ~ 220A), main weld adopts narrow gap automatic submerged arc welding (welding current 550 ~ 650A, weldingvoltage 30 ~ 34V, speed of welding 40 ~ 50cm/min).This technology need arrange transition zone from groove bottom to principal weld, groove inwall need spray anti-splashing material, need to change welding method simultaneously, welding of heat exchanger tube sheet and hemispherical head can only be used for, its complex process, narrow application range, Practical difficulty are large, and principal weld thermal weld stress is large, cannot adapts to maximize and weld demand with the high efficiency, low cost of heavy-duty equipment manufacture to slab high-strength steel.
Narrow gap gas shielded arc welding is the welding procedure of a kind of high-quality, high efficiency, low cost, and its thermal weld stress is little, joint performance is superior, Technological adaptability is strong, have wide range of applications, and is specially adapted to the welding of slab high-strength steel.For the penetration ability how improving Narrow sloping-glot two side; domestic and international scientist successively develops representative narrow gap gas shielded arc welding technique; as intertwined filler wires welding, snakelike wire welding connection, high speed rotating arc welding, ultra-narrow gap welding method etc.; but owing to there is the factors such as welding wire manufacturing cost large and poor controllability, Welding Structure be complicated, these methods still well could not realize through engineering approaches application at present.
Patent of invention number is called " rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield is stood to welding method " for " ZL201110201702.2 " name, disclosing a kind of narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield of standing to groove for metal thick plate I type stands to welding method, by selecting gas shielding condition, setting electric arc shake frequency, electric arc shake amplitude, electric arc is in the sidewall time of staying, pulse welding average arc electric current, average arc voltage, speed of welding, dry extension of electrode, and match the bending-type conducting rod of suitable bending angle, under weld seam free forming state, realize rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield in every layer of single track multilayer welding mode to stand to automatic welding.The weak point of this patent of invention is: simple utilize disclosed electric arc shake parameter and with the use of arc energy parameter cannot realize the slab high-strength steel of U-shaped groove (thickness is greater than 20mm, yield strength is greater than 400MPa) mean place welding, specifically do not provide slab backing welding simultaneously respectively, fill the parameters selection principle of weldering and cosmetic welding, do not relate to the technical scheme of slab mean place one side welding with back formation, be difficult to the high-strength steel slab component high-effect high-quality needs of production meeting through engineering approaches yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to meet slab high-strength steel welding needs for being difficult to of existing of above-mentioned current one side welding with back formation technique; overcome welding efficiency is low, welding equipment is expensive problem and defect; utilize rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas-shield welding method in the advantage of slab high-strength steel component manufacture view, propose the welding method of the rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation that a kind of implementation cost is low, applicability good, welding efficiency is high.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the welding method of the rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation of the present invention's proposition is:
Be put in by rocking arc narrow clearance welding torch directly over mean place workpiece grooves center to be welded, electric arc is done relative to the reciprocating circular arc shake of the symmetry of welding torch under the drive of feed and drive control component, and the method comprises following concrete steps:
1, welds prepares: offer on metal thick plate workpiece to be welded that groove gap is 8 ~ 16mm, root gap is 4 ~ 8mm, the mean place U-shaped groove of root face height 0 ~ 2mm, and the liner that shaping well width is 8 ~ 14mm is set at the U-shaped groove back side;
2, setting parameter and welding in weldering:
1. backing welding processing parameter setting.The root gap set according to step 1 and root face height size, setting backing welding electric arc shake parameter and supporting energy parameter thereof, concrete scope is: electric arc shake frequency 0.5 ~ 2.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 35 ~ 90 °, electric arc are at the sidewall time of staying 1 ~ 200ms, average welding current 160 ~ 220A, average arc voltage 20 ~ 26V, speed of welding 7 ~ 13.5cm/min;
2. U-shaped groove root bottoming welding.Bending conducting rod is bent towards the dead astern of mean place U-shaped groove to be welded, and protective gas is filled with in U-shaped groove, under the support of U-shaped groove back side liner, according to step 1. in setting backing welding electric arc shake parameter and supporting energy parameter carry out bottoming welding;
3. welding is filled in the middle part of U-shaped groove.The U-shaped groove gap setting welding arc shake parameter set according to step 1 and arc energy parameter are: electric arc shake frequency 2.1 ~ 3.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 50 ~ 180 °, electric arc are at the sidewall time of staying 40 ~ 99ms, average welding current 260 ~ 330A, average arc voltage 26.5 ~ 31V, bending conducting rod is bent towards dead ahead or the dead astern of mean place U-shaped groove to be welded, and protective gas is filled with in U-shaped groove, welding torch entirety is moved forward with speed of welding 20 ~ 26cm/min, completes and fill welding;
4. U-shaped groove top cover welding.The U-shaped groove gap setting welding arc shake parameter set according to step 1 and arc energy parameter are: electric arc shake frequency 0.5 ~ 2.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 30 ~ 59 °, electric arc is at the sidewall time of staying 1 ~ 99ms, average welding current 240 ~ 280A, average arc voltage 26.5 ~ 30V, bending conducting rod is bent towards dead ahead or the dead astern of mean place U-shaped groove to be welded, and protective gas is filled with in U-shaped groove, welding torch entirety is moved forward with speed of welding 15.5 ~ 24cm/min, form complete rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation downhand welding joint.
Wherein, when groove gap described in step 1 and step 2 welding, described protective gas is filled with the establishing method of mode is that as workpiece thickness of slab T≤30mm, groove gap is 8 ~ 12mm, and adopts sleeve shaped nozzle to be filled with protective gas in U-shaped groove; As workpiece thickness of slab T > 30mm; groove gap is 12 ~ 16mm; and employing is stretched into type flat burner and be filled with protective gas in U-shaped groove during backing welding, when weldering and top cosmetic welding are filled in middle part, sleeve shaped nozzle is adopted to be filled with protective gas in U-shaped groove.
The width that root gap described in step 1 and the described U-shaped groove back side arrange grooving is matched pass and is: when root gap is 4 ~ 6.5mm, and apolegamy grooving width is the liner of 8 ~ 10mm; When root gap is greater than 6.5mm, apolegamy grooving width is the liner of 12 ~ 14mm.
Root gap described above is preferably 6 ~ 7.5mm, and described root face height is preferably 0.5 ~ 1.5mm; Described backing welding electric arc shake parameter and the preferable range of arc energy parameter are: electric arc shake frequency 1.0 ~ 1.8Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 60 ~ 85 °, electric arc are at the sidewall time of staying 30 ~ 150ms, average welding current 170 ~ 200A, average arc voltage 21 ~ 24V, speed of welding 8 ~ 11.5cm/min.
Protective gas described above can adopt inert gas (mainly Ar or He) or active gases (mainly CO
2or CO
2+ Ar).
Compared with prior art, a kind of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding method of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) different bending conducting rods is matched; regulate the shake frequency of electric arc, shake amplitude, the sidewall time of staying; groove gap 8 ~ 16mm, root gap 4 ~ 8mm can be realized, thickness is greater than 20mm, the narrow clearance melting electrode gas shielded arc one side welding with back formation of high-strength steel bottom weld seam that yield strength is greater than 400MPa; and 8 ~ 16mm Narrow sloping-glot is filled and every layer of single track multilayer welding of capping; wide accommodation, practical.
(2) compared with conventional belt insert type one side welding with back formation technique, thermal weld stress of the present invention low (evenly heat input at about 20KJ/cm), joint mechanical property is good, bevel for welding angle is little (angle of bevel is 1.5 ° to the maximum, minimumly can be 0 °), welding job amount is few, can realize slab high-strength steel one side welding with back formation welding and postwelding without the need to heat treatment, its comprehensive technical performance is good.
(3) compared with existing narrow gap one side welding two-sides forming technique, groove type of the present invention be simple and easy to processing, welding process simple and without the need to changing welding torch, welding efficiency is high, implementation cost is low, there is significant superiority in economy, and be easy to realize through engineering approaches application.
(4) introducing of rocking arc solder technology makes when groove backing welding, and electric arc directive property is good and controllability strong, can ensure the complete penetration of the root run of one side welding with back formation technique, and not occur incomplete penetration defect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the welding method schematic diagram of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation of the present invention.
Rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation underhand weld back side photomacrograph when Fig. 2 is different root gap; Wherein, Fig. 2 (a) is back of weld photomacrograph during root gap g=4mm; Fig. 2 (b) is back of weld photomacrograph during root gap g=6mm; Fig. 2 (c) is back of weld photomacrograph during root gap g=7mm; Fig. 2 (d) is back of weld photomacrograph during root gap g=8mm.
Fig. 3 is the rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph of 20mm thickness of slab regular tenacity steel; Wherein, the joint photomacrograph that Fig. 3 (a) for workpiece grooves clearance G=8mm is, the joint photomacrograph that Fig. 3 (b) for workpiece grooves clearance G=10mm is, the joint photomacrograph that Fig. 3 (c) for workpiece grooves clearance G=12mm is.
Fig. 4 is the rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph of 50mm thickness of slab high-strength steel; Wherein, the joint photomacrograph that Fig. 4 (a) for workpiece grooves clearance G=12mm is, the joint photomacrograph that Fig. 4 (b) for workpiece grooves clearance G=14mm is, the joint photomacrograph that Fig. 4 (c) for workpiece grooves clearance G=16mm is.
In Fig. 1: 1-wire pushing roller; 2-welding wire; 3-feed and drive control component; 4-bending conducting rod; 5-ignition tip; 6-protective gas; 7-groove; 8-electric arc; 9-liner; 10-grooving; 11-reciprocating circular arc shake track; V
w-speed of welding; t
1-root face height; T-workpiece thickness of slab; G-root gap; G-groove gap.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
The know-why of the welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation of the present invention is: adopt electric arc shake technology to produce electric arc in slab high-strength steel workpiece Narrow sloping-glot to be welded, by regulating the shake frequency of electric arc, shaking amplitude, the sidewall time of staying, electric arc heat is sent to equably on groove sidewall and also fully stirs molten bath, rely on the support of back of work liner, realize the one side welding with back formation of slab high-strength steel workpiece bottom weld seam, finally obtain the narrow gap high-strength steel welding point of full penetration, excellent in mechanical performance.
As shown in Figure 1, be the welding method schematic diagram of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation of the present invention, as shown in the figure, being assembled into groove gap G with metal thick plate workpiece is 8 ~ 16mm, and root gap g is 4 ~ 8mm, root face height t
1the mean place U-shaped groove 7 to be welded of 0 ~ 2mm, and the liner 9 of suitable grooving 10 is provided with at groove 7 back side.Welding torch used is primarily of feed and drive control component 3, bending conducting rod 4, ignition tip 5 and attached nozzle mechanism composition, and wherein bending conducting rod 4 one end connects with ignition tip 5, and the lower end of the other end and feed and drive control component 3 is connected.The welding wire 2 sent by wire-feed motor 1 enters inside above welding torch, after passing the centre bore of feed and drive control component 3, bending conducting rod 4 and ignition tip 5 successively, in mean place workpiece grooves 7, produces electric arc 8.Welding current is introduced from feed and drive control component 3, after flowing through bending conducting rod 4 and ignition tip 5, flows into electric arc 8.Reciprocating circular arc shake track 11 is electric arc 8 circular motion tracks relative to welding torch, and its mid point is also the shake track mid point of welding wire 2.Protective gas 6 can adopt inert gas (mainly Ar or He) or active gases (mainly CO
2or CO
2+ Ar), it is filled with in mean place U-shaped groove 7 to be welded, for welding arc 8 and welding region provide available protecting after the attached nozzle mechanism welding torch flows out.
Before weldering, rocking arc narrow clearance welding torch is put in directly over mean place workpiece grooves 7 to be welded center, bending conducting rod 4 is driven to rotate by feed and drive control component 3, the optoelectronic switch of feed and drive control component 3 inside is utilized to position detection, bending conducting rod 4 is made to bend towards the dead ahead at groove 7 center to be welded or dead astern (during backing welding, bending conducting rod 4 bends towards the dead astern of mean place groove 7 to be welded, and when filling with cosmetic welding, bending conducting rod 4 can bend towards dead ahead or the dead astern of mean place groove 7 to be welded), automatically locate before realizing the weldering of the shake track mid point of welding wire 2, now the center line of ignition tip 5 and welding torch central axis are in same perpendicular.
Then, the degree of depth (being less than or equal to workpiece thickness of slab T), groove gap G, root gap g and root face height t is not welded according to mean place workpiece U-shaped groove 7 to be welded
1, that selects protective gas 6 is filled with mode, and sets electric arc shake parameter (electric arc shake frequency, shake amplitude, the sidewall time of staying) and arc energy parameter (welding current, weldingvoltage, speed of welding).Protective gas 6 has two kinds to be filled with mode, when U-shaped groove 7 to be welded do not weld the degree of depth≤30mm time, preferentially select external nozzle to be filled with protective gas 6 in U-shaped groove 7; And when U-shaped groove 7 to be welded do not weld the degree of depth >30mm time; U-shaped groove 7 backing welding adopts penetration type nozzle to be filled with protective gas 6 in U-shaped groove 7, and in the middle part of U-shaped groove 7, filling weldering and top cover welding adopt external nozzle to be filled with protective gas 6 in U-shaped groove 7.
Electric arc shake parameter selectes scope from arc energy parameter, and because welding, level is different to be distinguished to some extent, is divided into backing weld seam welding parameter scope: electric arc shake frequency 0.5 ~ 2.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 35 ~ 90 °, electric arc are in the sidewall time of staying 1 ~ 200ms, average welding current 160 ~ 220A, average arc voltage 20 ~ 26V, welding speed V
w7 ~ 13.5cm/min, fills weld seam welding parameter scope: electric arc shake frequency 2.1 ~ 3.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 50 ~ 180 °, electric arc are in the sidewall time of staying 40 ~ 99ms, average welding current 260 ~ 330A, average arc voltage 26.5 ~ 31V, welding speed V
w20 ~ 26cm/min, cap weld welding parameter scope: electric arc shake frequency 0.5 ~ 2.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 30 ~ 59 °, electric arc are in the sidewall time of staying 1 ~ 99ms, average welding current 240 ~ 280A, average arc voltage 26.5 ~ 30V, welding speed V
w15.5 ~ 24cm/min.
After welding process formally starts, first ignite electric arc 8, and actuator of then walking drives welding torch overall with V
wspeed of welding move to the other end along welding direction from U-shaped groove 7 one end.Simultaneously, by the Direct driver effect of feed and drive control component 3, bending conducting rod 4 boxing torch central axis together with ignition tip 5 moves back and forth, drive the electric arc 8 of welding wire 2 end does U-shaped groove 7 to be welded in relative to welding torch, shake track 11 move about shaking point-symmetric reciprocating circular arc in track.Under the supporting role of back of work liner 9, in every layer of single track multilayer welding mode, realize rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation automatic welding.
In the welding method implementation process of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation of the present invention, groove gap G, the root gap g of workpiece U-shaped groove 7 and root face height t
1can change within the scope of 8 ~ 16mm, 4 ~ 8mm and 0 ~ 2mm respectively, not isolated between each welding parameter selected, but there is the relation that cooperatively interacts.During practical application, substantially constant for ensureing weld seam loading, according to the condition one_to_one corresponding setting welding condition of above-mentioned U-shaped groove 7, need could realize the welding of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation.The matching principle of concrete electric arc shake parameter and arc energy parameter is: root gap g is larger, and the backing welding electric arc selected shakes frequency, electric arc shake amplitude and grooving 10 width is larger, welding speed V
wslower; Root gap g is less, and the backing welding electric arc selected shakes frequency, electric arc shake amplitude and grooving 10 width is less, welding speed V
whurry up; Root face height t
1larger, average current is welded in the bottoming of selecting and average voltage is larger, electric arc is longer in the sidewall time of staying; Root face height t
1less, average current is welded in the bottoming of selecting and average voltage is less, electric arc is shorter in the sidewall time of staying; Groove gap G is larger, the filling weldering of selecting and cosmetic welding electric arc shake frequency less, electric arc shake amplitude is larger, electric arc is longer in the sidewall time of staying, average welding current and average weldingvoltage larger, welding speed V
wslower; Groove gap G is less, and the filling weldering of selecting and larger, the electric arc of cosmetic welding electric arc shake frequency shake that amplitude is less, electric arc is shorter in the sidewall time of staying, average welding current and average weldingvoltage less, welding speed V
whurry up.
The present invention is adopted to carry out the narrow gap one side welding two-sides forming welding of slab high-strength steel, require that in backing welding process, bending conducting rod 4 bends towards the dead astern (relative welding direction) of U-shaped groove 7 to be welded, make electric arc 8 be held by the welding pool formed in U-shaped groove 7 to be welded and not contact with liner 9, prevent electric arc 8 from extinguishing.Then, under the control of filling weldering and last cosmetic welding parameter, narrow gap U groove 7 is upwards piled up by weld seam in layer from bottom, and the accumulation of every one deck weld seam all only need once be welded, the final one side welding with back formation welding point obtaining slab high-strength steel.Due in rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding method implementation process; electric arc 1 is in a kind of periodically shake state; molten bath is subject to abundant stirring; arc heat distribution simultaneously changes because of this specific movement locus 11 of electric arc 8; add the narrow gap U groove 7 sidewall penetration ability of slab high-strength steel; avoid its weld metal to occur Phenomena of Grain Growth because of overheated, guarantee to obtain high-quality slab high-strength steel welding point.
Above-mentioned bending in U-shaped groove 7 to be welded of bending conducting rod 4 that realize has two kinds of approach towards change: the first be by change the assembly direction of bending conducting rod 4 on welding torch adjust bending conducting rod 4 in U-shaped groove 7 bending towards; The second is by changing welding speed V
wdirection adjust bending conducting rod 4 in U-shaped groove 7 bending towards.
There is provided the welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation of the present invention at mean place slab backing welding below respectively, and the Application Example of filling and cosmetic welding aspect, illustrate the Selecting parameter of the welding method of the rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation when different groove 7 appearance and size.All embodiments are all 40L/min at protective gas 6 flow, and torch height is the bending angle of 20mm and bending conducting rod 4 is realize under the prerequisite of 8 °.
Embodiment 1
Figure 2 shows that groove gap G=12mm, sealing run during different root gap g after backing welding is shaped, and wherein, Fig. 2 (a) is sealing run shaping during root gap g=4mm, now root face height t
1=2mm, liner 9 grooving 10 width are 8mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 0.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 35 °, electric arc is that 200ms, on average welding current are 220A, average arc voltage is 26V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 13.5cm/min; Fig. 2 (b) is sealing run shaping during root gap g=6mm, now root face height t
1=1.5mm, liner 9 grooving 10 width are 10mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 1.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 66 °, electric arc is that 150ms, on average welding current are 200A, average arc voltage is 24V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 10.5cm/min; Fig. 2 (c) is sealing run shaping during root gap g=7mm, now root face height t
1=1mm, liner 9 grooving 10 width are 12mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 1.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 76 °, electric arc is that 100ms, on average welding current are 180A, average arc voltage is 22V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 9.5cm/min; Fig. 2 (d) is sealing run shaping during root gap g=8mm, now root face height t
1=0mm, liner 9 grooving 10 width are 14mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 2.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 90 °, electric arc is that 1ms, on average welding current are 160A, average arc voltage is 20V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 7cm/min.
It is all with the thick common steel of 20mm as test panels that above-mentioned four kinds of sealing runs are shaped, at pure CO
2carry out under the condition of gas as the protective gas 6 of electric arc 8 and welding region that the test of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation obtains.As can be seen from Figure 2, under four kinds of different root gap g conditions, parameter and ability parameter is shaken by changing electric arc 8, the back of weld that all can obtain complete penetration is shaped, wherein best with sealing run forming quality during root gap g=7mm, weld seam is round and smooth to the transition of mother metal, forms certain reinforcement and shaping surface is attractive in appearance, and what thus can be used as rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation mean place backing welding preferentially selects scheme.
Embodiment 2
Figure 3 shows that the rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph of 20mm thickness of slab regular tenacity steel when different groove gap G, in the present embodiment, the yield strength of test panels used all reaches 355MPa, and protective gas 6 is all pure CO
2gas.
Wherein, Fig. 3 (a) is rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph during groove gap G=8mm, now root gap g=6mm, root face height t
1=1mm, liner 9 grooving 10 width are 10mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 1.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 66 °, electric arc is that 150ms, on average welding current are 180A, average arc voltage is 22V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 9.5cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of filling weldering setting is 3.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 50 °, electric arc is that 40ms, on average welding current are 260A, average arc voltage is 26.5V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 26cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of cosmetic welding setting is 2.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 30 °, electric arc is that 1ms, on average welding current are 240A, average arc voltage is 26.5V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 24cm/min.
Fig. 3 (b) is rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph during groove gap G=10mm, now root gap g=7mm, root face height t
1=1mm, liner 9 grooving 10 width are 12mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 1.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 76 °, electric arc is that 100ms, on average welding current are 180A, average arc voltage is 22V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 9.5cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of filling weldering setting is 3.2Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 60 °, electric arc is that 60ms, on average welding current are 270A, average arc voltage is 28V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 24.5cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of cosmetic welding setting is 1.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 45 °, electric arc is that 40ms, on average welding current are 250A, average arc voltage is 26V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 22cm/min.
Fig. 3 (c) is rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph during groove gap G=12mm, now root gap g=7mm, root face height t
1=1mm, liner 9 grooving 10 width are 14mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 1.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 76 °, electric arc is that 100ms, on average welding current are 180A, average arc voltage is 22V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 9.5cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of filling weldering setting is 2.8Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 70 °, electric arc is that 75ms, on average welding current are 280A, average arc voltage is 29V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 23cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of cosmetic welding setting is 1.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 45 °, electric arc is that 60ms, on average welding current are 260A, average arc voltage is 27V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 20cm/min.
As can be seen from Figure 3, under 3 kinds of different groove gap G conditions, utilize rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation technique all can obtain good appearance of weld, workpiece wherein when groove gap G=8mm and G=10mm fills up weld seam after welding 4 layers, and the workpiece grooves of groove gap G=12mm also only need weld 5 layers and can fill up.
Embodiment 3
Figure 4 shows that the rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph of 50mm thickness of slab high-strength steel when different groove gap G, the yield strength that in the present embodiment, test panels is equal all reaches 690MPa, and its groove 7 Uniting is root gap g=7mm, root face height t
1=1mm, and the liner 9 using that grooving 10 width is 14mm, protective gas 6 is compositions is Ar80%+CO
2mist.
Wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph during groove gap G=12mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 1.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 76 °, electric arc is that 100ms, on average welding current are 180A, average arc voltage is 22V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 9.5cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of filling weldering setting is 2.8Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 70 °, electric arc is that 75ms, on average welding current are 280A, average arc voltage is 29V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 23cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of cosmetic welding setting is 1.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 45 °, electric arc is that 60ms, on average welding current are 260A, average arc voltage is 27V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 20cm/min.
Fig. 4 (b) is rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph during groove gap G=14mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 1.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 76 °, electric arc is that 100ms, on average welding current are 180A, average arc voltage is 22V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 9.5cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of filling weldering setting is 2.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 112 °, electric arc is that 85ms, on average welding current are 290A, average arc voltage is 30V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 21.5cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of cosmetic welding setting is 0.78Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 50 °, electric arc is that 75ms, on average welding current are 270A, average arc voltage is 28.5V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 17.5cm/min.
Fig. 4 (c) is rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation welding point photomacrograph during groove gap G=16mm, and the electric arc shake frequency of corresponding backing welding setting is 1.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 76 °, electric arc is that 100ms, on average welding current are 180A, average arc voltage is 22V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 9.5cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of filling weldering setting is 2.1Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 180 °, electric arc is that 99ms, on average welding current are 330A, average arc voltage is 31V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 20cm/min; The electric arc shake frequency of cosmetic welding setting is 0.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude is 59 °, electric arc is that 99ms, on average welding current are 280A, average arc voltage is 30V, welding speed V in the sidewall time of staying
wfor 15.5cm/min.
As seen from Figure 4, the narrow gap one side welding two-sides forming that present invention achieves 50mm plate under 3 kinds of different groove gap G conditions is utilized.Along with the increase of bevel for welding clearance G, the weld number of plies has increased slightly, but not obvious, wherein the weld 11 layers of groove gap G=12mm, the weld of groove gap G=14mm 13 layers, and the weld of groove gap G=16mm 15 layers.
From above-mentioned 3 embodiments, under different workpieces thickness T different U-shaped groove condition, rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation mean place appearance of weld is all good, and thus the method is practical.In addition, because this invention enforcement groove gap G is little, shorten during Welder, welding efficiency improves, and welding cost reduces, and is easy to realize practical application and promotes.
Claims (7)
1. a welding method for rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation, is characterized in that comprising following concrete steps:
(1) welds prepares: offer on metal thick plate workpiece to be welded that groove gap (G) is 8 ~ 16mm, root gap (g) is 4 ~ 8mm, root face height (t
1) be the mean place U-shaped groove (7) of 0 ~ 2mm, and the liner (9) that grooving (10) width is 8 ~ 14mm is set at U-shaped groove (7) back side;
(2) setting parameter and welding in weldering:
1. backing welding processing parameter setting, the root gap (g) set according to step (1) and root face height (t
1) size, setting backing welding electric arc shake parameter and supporting energy parameter thereof, concrete scope is: electric arc shake frequency 0.5 ~ 2.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 35 ~ 90 °, electric arc are at the sidewall time of staying 1 ~ 200ms, average welding current 160 ~ 220A, average arc voltage 20 ~ 26V, speed of welding (V
w) 7 ~ 13.5cm/min;
2. U-shaped groove (7) root bottoming welding, bending conducting rod is bent towards the dead astern of mean place U-shaped groove (7) to be welded, and protective gas (6) is filled with in U-shaped groove (7), under the support at U-shaped groove (7) back side liner (9), according to step 1. in setting backing welding electric arc shake parameter and supporting energy parameter carry out bottoming welding;
3. welding is filled at U-shaped groove (7) middle part, the U-shaped groove gap (G) set according to step (1) sets welding arc shake parameter and arc energy parameter is: electric arc shake frequency 2.1 ~ 3.5Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 50 ~ 180 °, electric arc is at the sidewall time of staying 40 ~ 99ms, average welding current 260 ~ 330A, average arc voltage 26.5 ~ 31V, bending conducting rod is bent towards dead ahead or the dead astern of mean place U-shaped groove (7) to be welded, protective gas (6) is continued to be filled with in U-shaped groove (7), make welding torch overall with speed of welding (V
w) 20 ~ 26cm/min moves forward, complete and fill welding,
4. U-shaped groove (7) top cover welding, the U-shaped groove gap (G) set according to step (1) sets welding arc shake parameter and arc energy parameter is: electric arc shake frequency 0.5 ~ 2.0Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 30 ~ 59 °, electric arc is at the sidewall time of staying 1 ~ 99ms, average welding current 240 ~ 280A, average arc voltage 26.5 ~ 30V, bending conducting rod is bent towards dead ahead or the dead astern of mean place U-shaped groove (7) to be welded, protective gas (6) is continued to be filled with in U-shaped groove (7), make welding torch overall with speed of welding (V
w) 15.5 ~ 24cm/min moves forward, and forms complete rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation downhand welding joint.
2. the welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: protective gas (6) described in step (1) described groove gap (G) and step (2) welding is filled with the establishing method of mode and is, as workpiece thickness of slab T≤30mm, groove gap (G) is 8 ~ 12mm, then adopt sleeve shaped nozzle to be filled with protective gas (6) in U-shaped groove (7); As workpiece thickness of slab T > 30mm; groove gap (G) is 12 ~ 16mm; then during backing welding, employing is stretched into type flat burner and be filled with protective gas (6) in U-shaped groove (7), adopts sleeve shaped nozzle to be filled with protective gas (6) in U-shaped groove (7) when weldering and top cosmetic welding are filled in middle part.
3. the welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the apolegamy that the root gap (g) described in step (1) and described U-shaped groove (7) back side arrange grooving (10) width is closed and is: when root gap (g) is 4 ~ 6.5mm, match the liner (9) that grooving (10) width is 8 ~ 10mm; When root gap (g) is greater than 6.5mm, apolegamy grooving (10) width is the liner (9) of 12 ~ 14mm.
4. the welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the root gap (g) described in step (1) is preferably 6 ~ 7.5mm, described root face height (t
1) be preferably 0.5 ~ 1.5mm.
5. the welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the backing welding electric arc shake parameter described in step (2) and the preferable range of arc energy parameter are: electric arc shake frequency 1.0 ~ 1.8Hz, electric arc shake amplitude 60 ~ 85 °, electric arc are at the sidewall time of staying 30 ~ 150ms, average welding current 170 ~ 200A, average arc voltage 21 ~ 24V, speed of welding (V
w) 8 ~ 11.5cm/min.
6. the welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described protective gas (6) is any one in inert gas or active gases.
7. the welding method of rocking arc narrow clearance one side welding with back formation according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described inert gas is any one in Ar or He; Described active gases is CO
2or CO
2any one in+Ar.
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| CN104551354A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-29 | 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 | Protective anti-oxidation welding method of liner plate or air blowpipe |
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| JP6439882B2 (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-12-19 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Vertical narrow groove gas shielded arc welding method |
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| CN111670084B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2022-04-15 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Single-side submerged arc welding method and single-side submerged arc welding device |
| CN108655547A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-16 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | A kind of ocean platform high-strength steel narrow gap welding technology research method |
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| CN109877423A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-14 | 海洋石油工程股份有限公司 | The 9% nickel steel welding procedure based on dynamic wire feed heated filament argon arc welding |
| CN112191996B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-06-24 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Butt welding process method for U-shaped structure large-thickness plate |
| CN113941763B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-07-25 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for welding shaking/rotating arc consumable electrode by using thick welding wire |
| CN114535745A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏科技大学 | Shaking arc quick electro-gas welding method, welding torch and application |
| CN114932296B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Large-cladding high-efficiency narrow-gap welding method for thick plate titanium alloy based on vibration wire feeding |
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Application publication date: 20140827 Assignee: JIANGSU YANGLI GROUP CO., LTD. Assignor: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Contract record no.: 2018320000441 Denomination of invention: Welding method for arc-rocking narrow-gap one-side welding with back formation Granted publication date: 20150916 License type: Common License Record date: 20181226 Application publication date: 20140827 Assignee: Nantong Tianze Automation Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Contract record no.: 2018320000442 Denomination of invention: Welding method for arc-rocking narrow-gap one-side welding with back formation Granted publication date: 20150916 License type: Common License Record date: 20181226 Application publication date: 20140827 Assignee: Jiangsu Jinling Shipping Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Contract record no.: 2018320000445 Denomination of invention: Welding method for arc-rocking narrow-gap one-side welding with back formation Granted publication date: 20150916 License type: Common License Record date: 20181226 |
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Application publication date: 20140827 Assignee: Center for technology transfer Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Assignor: JIANGSU University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2021980006173 Denomination of invention: A welding method of single side welding and double side forming with shaking arc narrow gap Granted publication date: 20150916 License type: Common License Record date: 20210714 |
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