CN103993165A - Method for producing ferrovanadium by using ammonium metavanadate granulation to substitute flaky vanadium pentoxide - Google Patents
Method for producing ferrovanadium by using ammonium metavanadate granulation to substitute flaky vanadium pentoxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN103993165A CN103993165A CN201410244210.5A CN201410244210A CN103993165A CN 103993165 A CN103993165 A CN 103993165A CN 201410244210 A CN201410244210 A CN 201410244210A CN 103993165 A CN103993165 A CN 103993165A
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- vanadium
- mixture
- granulation
- vanadate
- lime
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing ferrovanadium, and in particular relates to a method for producing ferrovanadium by using ammonium metavanadate, ammonium polyvanadate or other vanadate as a raw material. The vanadium raw material is the ammonium metavanadate, ammonium polyvanadate or other vanadate. The method comprises the steps of adding cement, lime or other curable adhesive into the vanadium raw material, mixing, performing physical granulation, piling for 3-8 days in open air and then smelting in a furnace. The method has the characteristics that the water absorption and curing functions of the adhesive such as the cement and the lime are utilized for natural drying, so that the granulation materials do not need to be heated, dried or roasted by additional energy and can directly substitute 'flaky vanadium pentoxide' for smelting the ferrovanadium. The traditional flake casting process for manufacturing powdery vanadium pentoxide is eliminated, ammonia gas produced in the dehydration and deamination process of the method is prevented from polluting the environment, and the recovery rate of the vanadium element can be increased by 1-2%. Moreover, the method is simple, the artificial fuel energy is saved, and the method is suitable for producing brand 50-80 ferrovanadium by adopting an electro-silicothermic process and an aluminothermic process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vanadium iron production technical field, being specifically related to a kind of is the method for raw material production vanadium iron with ammonium meta-vanadate, ammonium poly-vanadate or other vanadic salts.
Background technology
Vanadium iron is the iron alloy that v element and ferro element form, and as a kind of additive, joins in steel, can significantly improve intensity, toughness, ductility, weldability and the thermotolerance of steel.Add the alloy material of vanadium to be widely used in the high-new sophisticated technology fields such as machinofacture, civilian, military project, space flight, navigation.The application of vanadium in Iron And Steel Industry and alloy material accounts for total amount more than 80%, and the overwhelming majority joins in Steel Alloy material smelting technology with the form of finished product vanadium iron.
In prior art, the common method of producing vanadium iron has electro-silicothermic process, thermite process and perrin process, although production method is different, is all to take piece of Vanadium as raw material.There is related data introduction can adopt vanadous oxide as raw material, but because difficulty of processing and cost are higher than Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, in fact seldom use.
Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is mainly from original vanadium titano-magnetite steelmaking oxygen blowing vanadium slag, Rock coal containing alum ore deposit, or extract containing vanadium waste material from other, conventional extraction has two kinds: the one, by by the raw material of vanadium extraction through adding sodium (sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium-chlor) oxidizing roasting, water leaches containing vanadium solution, purify, enrichment, ammonium meta-vanadate or ammonium poly-vanadate are made in purification, about the 100 ℃ dehydrations of again ammonium meta-vanadate or ammonium poly-vanadate being heated, 500 ℃ of left and right Study of Deamination powdering Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKESs, then powdery Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is melted and casts piece of Vanadium under more than 800～900 ℃ high temperature.Take ammonium meta-vanadate as example:
NH
4vO
3xH
2o → NH
4vO
3+ xH
2o ↑ (about 100 ℃ dehydrations);
2NH
4vO
3→ V
2o
5(powdery)+2NH
3↑+H
2o ↑ (300～500 ℃ of deaminations);
V
2o
5(powdery) → V
2o
5(850 ℃ of fusings) → V
2o
5(casting sheet).
The 2nd, according to the characteristic of vanadium extraction raw material, some employing acidleach, purify containing enrichment vanadium solution from acidity, make ammonium meta-vanadate, ammonium poly-vanadate or hydration Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, then by the method for dewatering tank by heating deamination, make powdery Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES equally, then melt slab slabbing Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES.With ammonium meta-vanadate or ammonium poly-vanadate dewatering tank by heating deamination, make in the process of powdery Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, and in the operation by powdery Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES fusing slab, all can there is the volatilization of ammonia and powder vanadium grit, thereby cause the loss of environmental pollution and vanadium raw materials.Heating the fusion stage, no matter all will produce several thousand yuan/ton of above tooling costs with coal or electricity consumption simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides that a kind of technique is simple, energy-conserving and environment-protective, vanadium iron production method that vanadium recovery is high.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Described is that vanadium raw materials and binding agent are mixed into mixture by the method that the alternative piece of Vanadium of ammonium meta-vanadate granulation is produced vanadium iron, then press strip, agglomeration, granulation, substitutes piece of Vanadium after dry and enters stove and smelt and produce vanadium iron (when entering stove and smelting by contained V in the material thing of granulating
2o
5composition is allocated reductive agent into, smelts according to a conventional method); In described mixture, weight of binder is mixture weight 7～33%;
Described vanadium raw materials is ammonium meta-vanadate, ammonium poly-vanadate or other vanadic salts; Described other vanadic salts are artificial vanadic acid calcium, vanadic acid magnesium, ferric vandate, vanadic acid manganese or hydration Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES.
Preferably, the moisture controlled of described vanadium raw materials is 10～25%; Moisture controlled adopts mechanical dehydration.
Preferably, described binding agent is the mixture of cement, lime or cement and lime, or the additive of other sticking curing functions.
Preferably, in described mixture, the weight of cement is mixture weight 7～15%, and the weight of lime is mixture weight 9～18%.
Preferably, described granulation is to adopt circular pan-pelletizer described mixture rotation to be made to the little ball of 5～25 millimeters of diameters.
Preferably, described granulation is to adopt forcing machine described mixture to be made to the short round bar of 6～12 millimeters.
Preferably, described granulation is to adopt harder described mixture to be pressed into the cake piece of 20～50 millimeters of diameters.
Preferably, by the mixture after granulating open wide stack 3～8 days (in the cement flooring of sclerosis, otherwise be moistened by rain, indoor and outdoor can, the time 3 day autumn of summer just can enter stove, takes 5-8 days winter in spring) fed to boiler smelting ferrovanadium;
Feature of the present invention is to utilize the binding agent water suctions such as cement, lime, dry, curing function, and open wide dry, make granulation material do not need separately, with the energy oven dry roasting of heating, directly to substitute ' piece of Vanadium ' and to enter smelting ferrovanadium.Vanadium iron smelting principle is: Si reduction 2V
2o
5+ 5Si=4V+5SiO
2; Aluminium reducing 3V
2o
5+ 10Al=6V+5Al
2o
3; The present invention granulates and substitutes piece of Vanadium production vanadium iron, granulation ammonium meta-vanadate reductase 12 NH with ammonium meta-vanadate
4vO
3+ 2FeSi=2FeV+2SiO
2+ 2H
2o ↑+N
2↑+2H
2↑; Ammonia in granulation ammonium meta-vanadate decomposes and becomes water vapor, nitrogen, hydrogen discharge at furnace high-temperature, has avoided original in ammonium meta-vanadate powder process shape V
2o
5produce ammonia contaminate environment; Can also reduce the consumption of reductive agent simultaneously.There are energy-saving and emission-reduction economic benefits and social benefits to answer.The present invention has saved the slab technique of traditional manufacture powdery Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, exempt this technique dehydration deamination process and produced ammonia contaminate environment, than traditional Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES slab technique, want saves energy 10～20%, improve 1～3% the v element rate of recovery, and technique is simple, significantly reduced the pollution to environment, be applicable to electro-silicothermic process and thermite process and produce 50～80 trade mark vanadium iron.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1, raw material chemical examination: the ammonium meta-vanadate that will be granulated, ammonium poly-vanadate or other vanadic salts carry out chemical analysis, emphasis detects pentoxide content, impurity content, water content, and before granulating, vanadium raw materials chemical composition is in Table 1.
Vanadium raw materials chemical composition before table 1 granulation
| Title | V 2O 5＞％ | P＜％ | As＜％ | S＜％ | H 2O＜％ | Remarks |
| Ammonium meta-vanadate | 65 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 25 | ? |
| Ammonium poly-vanadate | 65 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 25 | ? |
| Other vanadic salts | 65 | 0.039 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 20 | ? |
Note: this standard is processing requirement, requires loose than general like product.
2, control moisture content: general through the elementary ammonium meta-vanadate processing, ammonium poly-vanadate, hydration Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES water content between 30～55%, the present invention adopts centrifugal machine dehydration, makes vanadium raw materials keep 15～25% moisture content to add batching mixed.
3, allocate cured binders into: according to will add a large amount of lime, the principle of ferrosilicon in smelting ferrovanadium with piece of Vanadium, the present invention selects silicon calcareous cement as cured binders, in vanadium raw materials, add cement and lime, obtain mixture, in described mixture, the weight of cement is 7～15% of mixture weight, and the weight of lime is mixture weight 9～18%.
4, physics is granulated: by the ammonium meta-vanadate of having chemically examined, ammonium poly-vanadate or other vanadic salts wherein one or more, according to vanadiumcontent, water content, impurity content, be made in batches, add appropriate cement and lime, after mixing, adopt circular balling-up disc spins to make the little ball of 5～25 millimeters of diameters.
5, dry group criticized certainly: the vanadium raw materials after granulating, do not need heat drying, and 3～7 days just can be naturally solid as long as open wide stacking.After chemical examination, group batch packing enters smelting procedure again, and alternative piece of Vanadium is produced vanadium iron.Vanadium raw materials chemical composition detected result after the present invention granulates is in Table 2:
Vanadium raw materials chemical composition after table 2 granulation
| Numbering | V 2O 5％ | P％ | As | s | H2O | Remarks |
| 1 | 65.25 | 0.039 | 0.031 | 0.033 | 21.28 | Detected the same day |
| 2 | 66.51 | 0.037 | 0.027 | 0.029 | 17.89 | Detected the same day |
| 3 | 70.35 | 0.038 | 0.022 | 0.024 | 3.70 | Within 5 days, detect |
Note: being naturally down to below 3% from solid carbon dioxide branch after seven days.
Embodiment 2
1, material choice: use the identical vanadium raw materials of embodiment 1.
2, control moisture content: adopt mechanical dehydration, make the moisture content of vanadium raw materials maintenance 8～18% add batching mixed.
3, allocate cured binders into: according to will add a large amount of lime, the principle of ferrosilicon in smelting with piece of Vanadium, add cement in vanadium raw materials, obtain mixture, in described mixture, the weight of cement is mixture weight 7～15%.
4, physics is granulated: adopt dedicated extruder to make the short round bar of 6～12 millimeters mixed vanadium raw materials.
5, certainly dry group batch: open wide and stack seasoning in 3～7 days.After chemical examination, group batch packing enters smelting procedure again, and alternative piece of Vanadium is produced vanadium iron.The vanadium raw materials chemical composition detected result that the present invention granulates is in Table 3:
Vanadium raw materials chemical composition after table 3 granulation
| Numbering | V 2O 5％ | P％ | As | s | H 2O | Remarks |
| 1 | 67.15 | 0.039 | 0.031 | 0.033 | 13.28 | Detected the same day |
| 2 | 66.57 | 0.033 | 0.027 | 0.029 | 12.89 | Detected the same day |
| 3 | 70.85 | 0.038 | 0.022 | 0.024 | 2.8 | Within 5 days, detect |
Note: being naturally down to below 3% from solid carbon dioxide branch after seven days.
Embodiment 3
1, material choice: use and implement to granulate an identical vanadium raw materials.
2, control moisture content: adopt mechanical dehydration, make the moisture content of vanadium raw materials maintenance 10～20% add batching mixed.
3, allocate cured binders into: according to will add a large amount of lime, the principle of ferrosilicon in smelting with piece of Vanadium, the lime adding in vanadium raw materials, obtains mixture, in described mixture, the weight of lime is mixture weight 10～18%.
4, physics is granulated: adopt coal briquette harder to make ￠ 50, thick 20 millimeters of small cakes mixed vanadium raw materials.
5, certainly dry group batch: open wide and stack seasoning in 3～7 days.After chemical examination, group batch packing enters smelting procedure again, and alternative piece of Vanadium is produced vanadium iron.The vanadium raw materials chemical composition detected result that the present invention granulates is in Table 4:
Vanadium raw materials chemical composition after table 4 granulation
| Numbering | V 2O 5％ | P％ | As | s | H 2O | Remarks |
| 1 | 66.15 | 0.039 | 0.031 | 0.033 | 13.28 | Detected the same day |
| 2 | 65.57 | 0.023 | 0.027 | 0.029 | 12.89 | Detected the same day |
| 3 | 69.35 | 0.021 | 0.022 | 0.024 | 2.8 | Within 5 days, detect |
Note: being naturally down to below 3% from solid carbon dioxide branch after seven days.
Embodiment 4 vanadium iron are smelted
Thermite process 80 vanadium iron tests: with the vanadium grain raw material (V making with circular pan-pelletizer
2o
5>=70.35%, H
2o≤2.7%, P≤0.038%) 142 kilograms, be converted into V
2o
5approximately 100 kilograms; Press 3V
2o
5+ 10Al=6V+5Al
2o
3reduction reaction ratio excessive 2% is allocated 50 kilograms of aluminum shots into; 14 kilograms of unslaked limes that separately add calcium content 85%, 30 kilograms of steel cuttings mix.Pack into steel plate and make 1 meter of ￠, the cylinder of high 0.8 meter, in the burner hearth of liner magnesite refractory, adopt top igniting melting, with bonnet, cover antispray.After cooling, come out of the stove and obtain 60 kilograms of ferro-vanadiums, chemical composition is: V >=79.82%, C≤0.12%, Si≤0.7%, P≤0.43%, S≤0.034%, Al≤1.5%, Mn≤0.02%, meet 80 trade mark standards, the disposable vanadium metal rate of recovery 85.52% of vanadium (V).
Embodiment 5 vanadium iron are smelted
Adopt the test of electro-silicothermic process technique suitability for industrialized production vanadium iron, the vanadium raw materials after granulating is pressed 1500～3000 kilograms of vanadium raw materials, by V wherein
2o
5content, with 80% use reduction by ferrosilicon, is made reductive agent with 20% use aluminium block, by 1: 1.8 basicity of silicone content massfraction in ferrosilicon, with addition of lime, by producing 50 trade mark vanadium iron, allocates steel cuttings into.Electrically heated smelting reduction in steel-making type electric arc furnace, reinforced smelting of minute three phases taken out ferro-vanadium sample assay composition and impurity element in the refining stage later stage in stove, qualified, the vanadium iron molten steel casting vanadium iron base of coming out of the stove at once.(as defective, will adjust the working of a furnace with supplementary material and continue refining to qualified) come out of the stove after next stove of smelting furnace cyclic production start, the vanadium iron base sanding and polishing by cold, is broken into vanadium iron product up to specification, group batch package goods is sold.
Adopt the method, be used alternatingly above-mentioned three kinds of granulation vanadium raw materials, tentative 25 stoves of smelting, every stove produces one ton of left and right of vanadium iron, has 19 stoves to meet Fe50-A trade mark standard, and 6 stoves meet Fe50-B trade mark standard.Vanadium iron standard is in Table 5
Table 5 GB/T4139-2004 vanadium iron standard
Claims (7)
1. with ammonium meta-vanadate, granulate and substitute the method that piece of Vanadium is produced vanadium iron for one kind, it is characterized in that: described method is that vanadium raw materials and binding agent are mixed into mixture, then press strip, agglomeration, granulation, the dry rear piece of Vanadium that substitutes enters stove smelting production vanadium iron; In described mixture, weight of binder is mixture weight 7～33%;
Described vanadium raw materials is ammonium meta-vanadate, ammonium poly-vanadate or other vanadic salts; Described other vanadic salts are artificial vanadic acid calcium, vanadic acid magnesium, ferric vandate, vanadic acid manganese or hydration Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the moisture controlled of described vanadium raw materials is 10～25%.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described binding agent is the mixture of cement, lime or cement and lime, or the additive of other sticking curing functions.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, in described mixture, the weight of cement is mixture weight 7～15%, and the weight of lime is mixture weight 9～18%.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described granulation is to adopt circular pan-pelletizer described mixture rotation to be made to the little ball of 5～25 millimeters of diameters.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described granulation is to adopt forcing machine described mixture to be made to the short round bar of 6～12 millimeters.
7. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described granulation is to adopt harder described mixture to be pressed into the cake piece of 20～50 millimeters of diameters.
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109097667A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-28 | 宁夏源冶盛工贸有限公司 | A kind of production equipment and its technique of metavanadic acid ammonia production vanadium iron |
| CN110423886A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-08 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The ball making method of vanadium-containing material |
| CN111623601A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-04 | 崇阳县青峰科技有限公司 | Ammonium metavanadate dehydration system and ammonium metavanadate ammonia-rich dehydration method |
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| US5685244A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1997-11-11 | Textron Systems Corporation | Gas-fired smelting apparatus and process |
| CN1847432A (en) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-10-18 | 陈东红 | Sintered ferrovanadium alloy and its prepn process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109097667A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-28 | 宁夏源冶盛工贸有限公司 | A kind of production equipment and its technique of metavanadic acid ammonia production vanadium iron |
| CN109097667B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-08-18 | 宁夏源冶盛工贸有限公司 | Production equipment and process for producing ferrovanadium from ammonium metavanadate |
| CN110423886A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-08 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The ball making method of vanadium-containing material |
| CN111623601A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-04 | 崇阳县青峰科技有限公司 | Ammonium metavanadate dehydration system and ammonium metavanadate ammonia-rich dehydration method |
| CN111623601B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-08-27 | 崇阳县青峰科技有限公司 | Ammonium metavanadate dehydration system and ammonium metavanadate ammonia-rich dehydration method |
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Application publication date: 20140820 |