CN103991937B - One utilizes the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization - Google Patents
One utilizes the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization Download PDFInfo
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- CN103991937B CN103991937B CN201410245965.7A CN201410245965A CN103991937B CN 103991937 B CN103991937 B CN 103991937B CN 201410245965 A CN201410245965 A CN 201410245965A CN 103991937 B CN103991937 B CN 103991937B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one and utilize the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization, columnar housing upper and lower ends coaxially installs lower cover, upper, the axis position of lower cover is installed into faucet with housing interior connection, upper cover plate in housing is coaxially installed with water collection sheet, conducting rod is axially installed with at the uniform interval of housing outer rim, be coaxially installed with in housing between water distribution board and water collection sheet lower switchboard and on switchboard, on, lower switchboard is pair of metal plate, collector plate is coaxially installed with between these two switchboards, film carbon positive electrode, barrier film, film carbon negative potential, lower header plate is many groups processing module assembly of a group.Membrane electrode involved in the present invention is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode and ionic membrane all-in-one-piece, adopt on negative electrode, spray cationic exchange coating, anode sprays anionresin coating, be prepared into membrane electrode, the thickness of its ion exchange layer is less than 10 microns, add that the resistance of ionic membrane is little than directly, electrical capacity is large.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of environment protection equipment, relate to the removal of waste water intermediate ion, feedwater reuse, especially one utilizes the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization.
Background technology
Along with increasing sharply of socioeconomic fast development and population, shortage of water resources (industry and domestic water in short supply) is that of facing in the whole world is long-term, the problem of tendency, become a large bottleneck of restriction Economic development, people just recognize the preciousness of water resources gradually, and reusing sewage, seawater and brackish water desalination are the effective ways solving shortage of water resources.
At present in disclosed deionization technology, common desalting method has ion exchange method, electroosmose process, reverse osmosis method etc., and these methods all also exist many limitation, as adopted reverse osmosis method, system is very high to the pre-processing requirements of water, and high-pressure pump energy consumption is high, obtain water rate lower, water producing cost is high; Adopt ion exchange method, costly, regeneration waste liquid is easy to cause secondary pollution to environment regenerated acid and alkali, and systems operational requirement is high; Adopt electroosmose process, easily fouling on negative electrode and anonite membrane in operational process, thus affect effluent quality, and shorten the work-ing life of instrument and current consumption, water loss are all very high.
In recent years, one quite promising new type water process desalting technology receives extensive attention---capacitive deionization (CDI) desalination technology.Capacitive deionization, also known as electro-adsorption demineralization, is that polar molecule or ion are stored in electrostatic double layer and are removed, can by adding that a reversed electric field makes electrode regeneration after electrode is saturated by forming an electrostatic double layer between electrode and solution under electric field action.Compared with traditional desalination method, electro-adsorption energy consumption is little, cost is low, and regeneration easily, without the need to chemical agent, is a kind of economical and effective method.But this technology is after market runs several years, come out again new problem, is embodied in following several respects:
1, current directly wash away carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, and the situation that carbon granule drops can continue to occur;
2, during reverse power connection desorption, the ion that desorption gets off has again part to be adsorbed to face electrode, and desorption is thorough, cause low operational efficiency and desalination rate lower;
3, reaching water outlet requirement needs electric adsorption module many, and investment is large, and floor space is large;
4, processing efficiency is low, generally can only process the liquid of ionic concn 200-2000 mg/litre;
5, the change in concentration that recoils is mild, and generally cannot be used for concentrating, producing water ratio is not high, improves producing water ratio, can only increase module.
In addition, existing in type ion-exchange membrane covers by pressure effect the contact resistance that electrode surface can improve electrode and ion-exchange membrane, also the problem of the thickness of ion diffusion layer can be increased, when the concentration of pending solution is lower, the thickness of ion-exchange membrane is just too large comparatively speaking, therefore the perviousness of ion is deteriorated, and the contact resistance of film also becomes large.
By retrieval, find following two sections of relevant patent documents:
1, a kind of high efficiency energy-conserving barrier diaphragm capacitance deionization device (CN101337717), it is characterized in that: between dividing plate (1) and electrode (3), add ion-exchange membrane (2), described upper and lower support plate (6) is equipped with the mouth of a river (7), the arrangement that is staggeredly located at upper and lower two mouths of a river.The present invention compared with the existing technology, adopt dense porous carbon-based material as capacitive deionization electrode, and add ion-exchange membrane, make device thin and light, structure is optimized, and improves the performance of absorption, reduces electrode work time institute's making alive, thus greatly reducing energy consumption and the manufacturing cost and use cost of device, ionic adsorption efficiency is high, good stability, life-span are long, low in energy consumption, fast response time and reusable etc.
2, a battery lead plate stacked structure (CN101624229), this battery lead plate stacked structure is formed by the configuration that alternates of multiple first battery lead plate and multiple second battery lead plate, wherein each this first battery lead plate is configured with one first pattern that multiple perforation formed and the edge of each this first battery lead plate configures an O shape ring, and each this second battery lead plate is configured with one second pattern that multiple perforation formed and the edge of each this second battery lead plate configures an O shape ring; And a locked instrument, be configured at top and the bottom of this battery lead plate stacked structure, in order to this battery lead plate stacked structure that locks; Wherein the superiors' battery lead plate of this battery lead plate stacked structure and the Electrode connection of an orlop battery lead plate and one first polarity, and the Electrode connection of an intermediate electrode plate of this stacked structure and one second polarity, and this first polarity and this second polarity are contrary polarity.
Contrasted by technical characteristic, although above-mentioned two sections of patent documents are also provided with ion-exchange membrane, its structure and principle and the present patent application have relatively big difference.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes prior art weak point, there is provided one to utilize the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization, this device effectively can to solve in old-fashioned capacitor deionizing instrument industrialization process low, the easy fouling of desalting efficiency and reach water outlet requirement needs the problems such as electric adsorption module is many, investment is large, floor space is large.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
One utilizes the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization, comprise water inlet tap, lower cover, lower gasket, water distribution board, housing, conducting rod, processing module assembly, water collection sheet, Upper gasket, upper cover plate and faucet, lower cover is coaxially installed in columnar housing lower end, water nozzle is installed into being communicated with in housing at the axis position of lower cover, lower cover and housing are undertaken sealing by lower gasket, bolt is fixedly mounted with, and the lower cover in housing is coaxially installed with water distribution board; Cover plate is coaxially installed in cylindrical shell upper end, faucet is installed at the axis position of upper cover plate with being communicated with in housing, upper cover plate and housing are undertaken sealing by Upper gasket, bolt is fixedly mounted with, upper cover plate in housing is coaxially installed with water collection sheet, conducting rod is axially installed with at the uniform interval of housing outer rim, be coaxially installed with in housing between water distribution board and water collection sheet lower switchboard and on switchboard, upper and lower switchboard is pair of metal plate, is coaxially installed with 8-12 group processing module assembly between these two switchboards.
And described processing module assembly is coaxially formed successively by upper collector plate, film carbon positive electrode, barrier film, film carbon negative potential, lower header plate, and in layer level is clipped in the switchboard of both sides; Described barrier film is the foraminate barrier film of one deck band; Described upper and lower collector plate is graphite film, and often pair of film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode is connected with conducting rod by collector plate, switchboard, and conducting rod is connected with power supply.
And, be all coated with very thin zwitterion film on the surface of carbon film positive and negative electrode, wherein, carbon film negative potential sprays cationic exchange coating, carbon film positive electrode sprays anionresin coating, is prepared into membrane electrode, the thickness of its ion-exchange coating is less than 10 microns.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect are:
1, membrane electrode involved in the present invention is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode and ionic membrane all-in-one-piece, adopt on negative electrode, spray cationic exchange coating, anode sprays anionresin coating, be prepared into membrane electrode, the thickness of its ion exchange layer is less than 10 microns, add that the resistance of ionic membrane is little than directly, electrical capacity is large.
2, the present invention is in the process using the desalination of membrane electrode electro-adsorption, due to without homo-ion repulsive interaction, when having a transfer transport on electrode, a salt ion will be adsorbed from solution, except avoiding homo-ion repulsive interaction, another one benefit is also had to be exactly when desorb ions, when after reversal connection electrode, ion understands the more thorough of desorption, and therefore this also adds the desalting ability of electric adsorption device in continuous print adsorption desorption process.
3, the distance between film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode of the present invention is one deck barrier film, almost nil, change the structure being provided with snakelike or other forms of fluid passage between old-fashioned device electrode sheet, processed waste water in layer covers electrode slice from surrounding and adsorbs, the maximum benefit of this module be dismounting easily, can adjust the logarithm of membrane electrode at any time as required, and the spacing of electrode slice being very near, making it still have good adsorptive power when passing through larger flow velocity solution to ion.
In addition, the comparing of present patent application and existing capacitor deionizing instrument and technology:
(1) existing capacitive adsorption method does not have ionic membrane, and current directly wash away carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, and the situation that carbon granule drops can continue to occur; And the present invention is blocked with coated due to membrane electrode intermediate ion film, current directly do not wash away carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, but flow through between ionic membrane, add the carbon dioxide process carbon electrode working method that we are special, and the situation that life-time service causes carbon dioxide process carbon electrode to wash away and drops there will not be.
(2), because the effect of ion diaphragm, from the ion of desorption electrode when making reverse charge, can only get back in solution or water, cannot be adsorbed onto on face electrode, thus electrode is cleaned fully, then start to charge next time and adsorb, improve the operational efficiency of ion remaval rate and device.
(3) due to the selective penetrated property of ionic membrane, can more than concentration for the treatment of several ten thousand mg/litre solution, due to membrane electrode integral production, very thin thickness, resistance is very little, adds the zero distance structure of sandwich style, also can concentration for the treatment of lower than the solution of 10 mg/litre, changing existing capacitive adsorption method generally can only the present situation of liquid of concentration for the treatment of 200-2000 mg/litre, expands the scope of application.
(4) the present invention can recoil out the concentrated solution of concentration higher than stoste more than 10 times instantaneously, is beneficial to reclaim and concentrated, can reduce evaporation and the concentrated flow process of additive method, reduce energy consumption, and existing capacitive adsorption method recoil change in concentration gently, generally cannot be used for concentrating.
(5) existing capacitive deionization (CDI) technology is owing to causing fouling at the bottom of desorption accident, and this fouling can cause point efficiency to decline to absorption/desorption during charging/reverse charge, as the thin film resistance increased, adsorptive capacity is declined, or energy consumption rises; Block the passage of current, cause operating pressure to rise, the sealing easily destroying module is formed leaks.And the present invention is because the effect of ionic membrane makes carbon dioxide process carbon electrode be cleaned all fully at every turn, is all that new electrode supplies absorption, colloid and fouling can not be formed; Meanwhile, because module resistance to acids and bases is good, acid can be used to rinse, remove scale formation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is setting plan of the present invention
Fig. 2 is detonation configuration schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is membrane capacitance deionizer of the present invention and capacitor deionizing instrument application experiment comparison diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are further described; The present embodiment is descriptive, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention thus.
One utilizes the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization, comprise water inlet tap 17, lower cover 16, lower gasket 15, water distribution board 14, housing 6, conducting rod 2, processing module assembly, water collection sheet 5, Upper gasket 4, upper cover plate 3 and faucet 1, lower cover is coaxially installed in columnar housing lower end, water nozzle is installed into being communicated with in housing at the axis position of lower cover, lower cover and housing are undertaken sealing by lower gasket, bolt is fixedly mounted with, and the lower cover in housing is coaxially installed with water distribution board; Cover plate is coaxially installed in cylindrical shell upper end, faucet is installed at the axis position of upper cover plate with being communicated with in housing, upper cover plate and housing are undertaken sealing by Upper gasket, bolt is fixedly mounted with, upper cover plate in housing is coaxially installed with water collection sheet, conducting rod is axially installed with at the uniform interval of housing outer rim, be coaxially installed with in housing between water distribution board and water collection sheet lower switchboard 13 and on switchboard 7, upper and lower switchboard is pair of metal plate, is coaxially installed with many group processing module assemblies between these two switchboards.
Each processing module assembly is coaxially formed successively by upper collector plate 8, film carbon positive electrode 9, barrier film 10, film carbon negative potential 11, lower header plate 12, and five components of processing module assembly in layer level are clipped in the switchboard of both sides.Described barrier film is the foraminate barrier film of one deck band, to prevent module short circuit; Distance between described film carbon positive and negative electrode is one deck barrier film, almost nil, changes the structure being provided with snakelike or other forms of fluid passage between old-fashioned device electrode; Described upper and lower collector plate is graphite film, and often pair of film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode is connected with conducting rod by collector plate, switchboard, and conducting rod is connected with power supply, is that series relationship can reduce working current greatly owing to organizing film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode more, simplifies power supply system.
All be coated with very thin zwitterion film on carbon film positive and negative electrode surface, its concrete spraying method is:
Carbon film negative potential sprays cationic exchange coating, carbon film positive electrode sprays anionresin coating, be prepared into membrane electrode, the thickness of its ion exchange layer is less than 10 microns, add that the resistance of ionic membrane is little than directly, electrical capacity is large, and deionization rate and desalting efficiency are significantly improved, the unsuitable fouling of electrode, dense water conservancy is in concentrated and reuse.This technical operation cost is low, applied widely, and no matter to high conductance or the waste water of low conductivity, the existing capacitive deionization technology of ion remaval efficiency ratio all improves more than 50%, is applicable to large discharge waste water and processes occasion continuously.Ionic membrane add the resistance not improving whole adsorption module, often pair of electrode voltage is at 0.5-1.2V, and whole continuous apparatus realizes the operation of low current, and ton water running cost is lower than existing capacitor deionizing instrument
Principle of work of the present invention is:
Waste water to be processed is by water inlet tap access to plant, processing module assembly surrounding is evenly distributed on by water distribution board, adopt circumferential water feed form, processed waste water in layer covers film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode sheet and adsorbs, the maximum benefit of this processing module assembly be dismounting easily, can adjust the logarithm of film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode sheet at any time as required, and the spacing of film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode sheet being very near, making it still have good adsorptive power when passing through larger flow velocity solution to ion.Water after absorption is flowed out by central authorities, is flowed out from faucet by water collection sheet, realizes deionization object; The adsorption-desorption of this plant running substitutes, and by the short circuit of power supply, reversal connection completes, and switches by magnetic valve the realization of falling pole.
For the process of same containing ion waste water, this waste water utilizes peristaltic pump to enter membrane capacitance deionization apparatus for continous treatment and existing capacitor deionizing instrument by water inlet pipe respectively, the key distinction one of two devices is film carbon dioxide process carbon electrodes, one is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, other all processing condition are identical, carry out the test of continuous water-in and water-out electro-adsorption.And on-line monitoring moment specific conductivity, until electro-adsorption balance.Rinse with former water during regeneration, the desorption of falling pole, collect concentrated waste water.Experimental result shows, membrane capacitance device (MCDI) desalting efficiency is higher than existing capacitive means (CDI) nearly 50%, after three adsorption-desorption cycle, desorption is thorough, almost can clean to the adsorptive power of original electrode, and existing capacitive means (CDI), adsorptive power is in decline.
Film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode blooming and the not comparative analysis of blooming desalination experimental data see the following form:
Claims (2)
1. one kind utilizes the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization, it is characterized in that: comprise water inlet tap, lower cover, lower gasket, water distribution board, housing, conducting rod, processing module assembly, water collection sheet, Upper gasket, upper cover plate and faucet, lower cover is coaxially installed in columnar housing lower end, water nozzle is installed into being communicated with in housing at the axis position of lower cover, lower cover and housing are undertaken sealing by lower gasket, bolt is fixedly mounted with, and the lower cover in housing is coaxially installed with water distribution board, cover plate is coaxially installed in cylindrical shell upper end, faucet is installed at the axis position of upper cover plate with being communicated with in housing, upper cover plate and housing are sealed by Upper gasket, bolt is fixedly mounted with, upper cover plate in housing is coaxially installed with water collection sheet, conducting rod is axially installed with at the uniform interval of housing outer rim, be coaxially installed with in housing between water distribution board and water collection sheet lower switchboard and on switchboard, on, lower switchboard is pair of metal plate, collector plate is coaxially installed with between these two switchboards, film carbon positive electrode, barrier film, film carbon negative potential, lower header plate is many groups processing module assembly of a group,
Very thin zwitterion film is all coated with on the surface of carbon film positive and negative electrode, wherein, carbon film negative potential sprays cationic exchange coating, carbon film positive electrode sprays anionresin coating, be prepared into membrane electrode, the thickness of its ion-exchange coating is less than 10 microns.
2. according to claim 1ly utilize the continuous wastewater treatment equipment of membrane capacitance deionization, it is characterized in that: described processing module assembly is coaxially formed successively by upper collector plate, film carbon positive electrode, barrier film, film carbon negative potential, lower header plate, and in layer level is clipped in the switchboard of both sides; Described barrier film is the foraminate barrier film of one deck band; Described upper and lower collector plate is graphite film, and often pair of film carbon dioxide process carbon electrode is connected with conducting rod by collector plate, switchboard, and conducting rod is connected with power supply.
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Address after: 100101 Beijing city Haidian District District Six building three Jimen Lane South Gate four layer 401 Applicant after: BEIJING LIDEQING TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Applicant after: Tianjin University of Science & Technology Address before: 100101 Beijing city Haidian District District Six building three Jimen Lane South Gate four layer 401 Applicant before: beijing hua yan bang science & technology co., ltd. Applicant before: Tianjin University of Science & Technology |
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