CN103985944A - Converter from coaxial waveguide to manual surface plasma waveguide - Google Patents
Converter from coaxial waveguide to manual surface plasma waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN103985944A CN103985944A CN201410207024.4A CN201410207024A CN103985944A CN 103985944 A CN103985944 A CN 103985944A CN 201410207024 A CN201410207024 A CN 201410207024A CN 103985944 A CN103985944 A CN 103985944A
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Abstract
The invention provides a converter from a coaxial waveguide to a manual surface plasma waveguide. The converter comprises the coaxial waveguide with the two symmetrical ends, a transition waveguide from the coaxial waveguide to the manual surface plasma waveguide and the middle manual surface plasma waveguide, the transition waveguide comprises an inner conductor transition part and an outer conductor transition part, the inner conductor transition part is achieved through periodic annular grooves with the gradually-increased widths in an array mode, and the outer conductor transition part is achieved through horn antennas with gradually-increased openings. The manual surface plasma waveguide is composed of periodic annular grooves with the constant widths in an array mode. The converter has the advantages of being provided with an opened symmetrical structure, and being compact in size, wide in band, high in transmission efficiency, simple in structure, prone to being matched with a traditional microwave transmission wire in use and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waveguide switch structure, relate in particular to a kind of coaxial waveguide to artificial surface plasma waveguide converter structure.
Background technology
Surface plasmons (Surface Plasmon Polaritons is called for short SPPs) is caused a kind of mode of electromagnetic wave under the free electron of light and metal surface interacts.In this interaction, there is collective oscillation in free electron under the irradiation of the light wave identical with its resonance frequency, and it is confined near metal and medium interface, propagates along surface.Because the plasma frequency of metal is generally all at ultraviolet band, in microwave section, electromagnetic wave is difficult to infiltration, the approximate perfact conductor (PEC) that shows as of metal.In these cases, although metal surface can be propagated SPPs in principle, the constraint of its field in medium is very poor.In recent years, someone proposes to increase electromagnetic field in intrametallic penetrating power in the method for metal surface borehole or cutting, thereby can carry out engineering design to SPPs at lower frequency.This plasma frequency is subject to the surface plasma of surface geometry control to be called as artificial surface plasma (Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons, be called for short SSPPs), first it proposed in 2004 by people such as Pendry, and be applied at lower frequency SPPs is carried out to engineering design.Its basic thought is the hole that digs period profile in metal surface, and the size of hole and interval are all less than wavelength, to strengthen electromagnetic osmosis, thereby has reduced the plasma frequency of metal surface by the means of effective medium.2005, the people such as Hibbins confirmed SSPPs phenomenon in microwave section, and SSPPs has caused researcher's very big interest since then.
In general, metal is approximately perfact conductor in low-frequency range (microwave section), therefore can not propagate SPPs on its surface, but have after the hole of period profile, SPPs not only can be propagated in surface, can also realize the sub-wavelength constraint of field, and periodically the plasma frequency of sub-wavelength structure can change flexibly by the physical dimension that changes sub-wavelength structure.Smooth metal wire is considered to one of best terahertz waveguide at present, and its guided wave is based on normal SPPs mechanism.This guided wave has advantages of low-loss and low dispersion, but retrains poor.Therefore, 2006, it is upper that the people such as Maier and Wang Qing month seminar have all been generalized to how much position shapes of metal wire the concept of SSPPs, proved in theory to carve along its length the ring groove of periodic distribution on ideal wire, the sub-wavelength constraint that can transmit SSPPs and realize.Compare smooth metal line, above-mentioned metal wire structure can realize the highly constrained of THz wave.
All the time, spatial ripple is extensively studied to the conversion of SPPs, as passed through prism-coupled or diffraction grating.But study very few to the conversion of SSPPs for guided wave.2013, Southeast China University has proposed a kind ofly to realize the structure of guided wave to the efficient conversion of SSPPs at microwave frequency band, it is by traditional co-planar waveguide (coplanar waveguide, be called for short CPW) and " tooth type " plasma waveguide (ultra-thin periodic structure metal band) formation, has designed the matching transition band of gash depth gradual change between the two.Matching transition part has realized wave vector coupling and the impedance matching of CPW and plasma waveguide, this structure has realized high efficiency from guided wave to Spoof SPPs and wide-band conversion in microwave section, for plasma function element and circuit are in the integrated application prospect of having started of height of microwave section.But, consider the electromagnetic field form of transmitting in " tooth type " plasma waveguide, for other conventional waveguide, as coaxial waveguide, such scheme will be no longer applicable.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the defect that relates to " tooth type " plasma wave guide structure in background technology and can not realize the Efficient Conversion function between coaxial waveguide, a kind of symmetry simple in structure, compact dimensions are provided, are easy to arrive artificial surface plasma waveguide transducer with the coaxial waveguide that traditional microwave transmission line is used in conjunction with, performance is good, transform to the efficient and broadband of SSPPs with implementation space guided wave.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of coaxial waveguide, to artificial surface plasma waveguide transducer, is characterized in that: comprise the coaxial waveguide of two ends symmetry and the coaxial waveguide transition waceguide to artificial surface plasma waveguide, and middle artificial surface plasma waveguide;
Wherein, transition waceguide comprises inner wire and outer conductor transition, and the periodicity ring groove array that inner conductor transition is increased progressively by the degree of depth is realized, and the horn antenna that outer conductor transition is magnified gradually by opening is realized; Artificial surface plasma waveguide is made up of the periodicity ring groove array of constant depth.
The present invention is furtheing investigate space guided wave to the basis of the transformation mechanism of SSPPs, use for reference the thought that co-planar waveguide transforms to plasma waveguide, according to the type of the space guided wave of transmission in coaxial waveguide (main mould TEM ripple), select periodically artificial surface plasma waveguide and its formation hybrid structure of ring groove of etching, finally realize the Efficient Conversion of coaxial waveguide to artificial surface plasma waveguide.
The present invention can regulate according to the type of coaxial waveguide and size the physical dimension of transition waceguide and artificial surface plasma waveguide, and then realize the conversion to SSPPs of microwave section or terahertz wave band space guided wave, waveguide type and mode that further rich space guided wave transforms to SSPPs, realize the application more widely in microwave transmission line of the super material of plasma.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. the present invention mainly proposes a kind of Efficient Conversion structure of coaxial waveguide to artificial surface plasma waveguide that realize, especially design and realize the transition structure of coaxial waveguide to the Efficient Conversion of plasma waveguide in conjunction with the transmission form of SSPPs in guided wave in coaxial waveguide and artificial surface plasma waveguide, solve a critical difficult problem for realizing guided wave to the application of the conversion of artificial SPPs, thereby expand application type and the scope of guided wave to SSPPs Efficient Conversion, for it has opened up a kind of new application prospect.
2. the present invention has bilateral coaxial waveguide interface surface, support symmetrical export structure design, this hybridization waveguide structurally comprises medianly zygomorphic coaxial waveguide, and centre is the artificial surface plasma waveguide of etching ring groove and the transition structure of connection coaxial waveguide and artificial surface plasma waveguide that the constant cycle changes.This waveguide be based on co-planar waveguide to the design philosophy of " tooth type " plasma waveguide transferring structure, proposed to utilize wave number coupling and the outer conductor that ring groove structure that the degree of depth increases progressively realizes between coaxial waveguide and artificial surface plasma waveguide to adopt horn antenna gradual change to realize the impedance matching between coaxial waveguide and artificial surface plasma waveguide.This stereochemical structure can realize the symmetrical input and output mode of signal and have greater flexibility in the design of microwave device and integrated circuit structure.
3. strong innovation, technology is perspective good: this coaxial waveguide, to artificial surface plasma waveguide converter structure, has realized electromagnetic strong locality and high efficiency of transmission at microwave frequency band, and strong innovation, has no this type of transformational structure both at home and abroad; It can well be used in conjunction with traditional microwave transmission line, and can be applicable to terahertz wave band, has expanded the range of application of artificial surface plasma transmission line, has good technology perspective.
4. high, the bandwidth of efficiency; The present invention finally can realize coaxial waveguide and transform to the efficient and broadband of artificial surface plasma waveguide.Within the scope of 0~18GHz, S
11and S
21satisfactory for result in broad frequency band.S within the scope of 0.9~1.2GHz and 2.7~13.6GHz
11all-below 15dB, S in 3.5~12.4 scopes
21all be greater than-2dB, within the scope of 3.5~5GHz and 11.4~12.4GHz, S
21-1dB and-change S within the scope of 6.3~9.7GHz within the scope of 2dB
21nearly all be greater than-0.55dB, in wide frequency range, realized the Efficient Conversion of guided wave to SSPPs.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the front view of embodiment mono-;
Fig. 2 (a) is the structural profile front view of embodiment bis-;
Fig. 2 (b) is the left view of the coaxial waveguide part of embodiment bis-;
Fig. 2 (c) is the inner wire figure of the transition portion of embodiment bis-;
Fig. 2 (d) is the outer conductor figure of the transition portion of embodiment bis-;
Fig. 2 (e) be embodiment bis-artificial surface plasma waveguide figure;
Fig. 3 is the variation of depth of groove of the embodiment bis-transition waceguide ring groove arrays influence curve figure to its dispersion characteristics;
Fig. 4 is the S parameter design sketch of embodiment bis-.
Specific embodiments:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the enforcement of technical scheme is described in further detail:
Embodiment mono-
As shown in Fig. 2 (a), transducer is made up of to transition waceguide and the artificial surface plasma waveguide of middle constant cycle of artificial surface plasma waveguide medianly zygomorphic coaxial waveguide and coaxial waveguide.Transition waceguide comprises inner wire and outer conductor transition, and the periodicity ring groove array that inner conductor transition is increased progressively by the degree of depth is realized, and the horn antenna that outer conductor transition is magnified gradually by opening is realized; Artificial surface plasma waveguide is made up of the periodicity ring groove array of constant depth.The parameters of structural dimension of transition waceguide and artificial surface plasma waveguide regulates according to the type of coaxial waveguide and size, matches with coaxial waveguide parameter (as waveguide type, waveguide length, waveguide cross-section size etc.).
Embodiment bis-
Taking coaxial waveguide as shown in Fig. 2 (b) as example, region I is medianly zygomorphic coaxial waveguide, single overall length l
1=15 millimeters, waveguide inner conductor outer diameter 2R
1=7 millimeters, outer conductor internal diameter 2R
2=16 millimeters, wall thickness t=1 millimeter.The coaxial waveguide at transducer two ends all can be used as the input/output terminal of guided wave signals, and when one of them coaxial waveguide is during as input, another on-axis wave directive/guide is output.
Medianly zygomorphic transition waceguide is connected with the coaxial waveguide of homonymy respectively, plays the effect that signal is converted into efficiently to SSPPs signal.As shown in Fig. 2 (c), Fig. 2 (d), transition waceguide region II comprises inner wire and outer conductor transition.On inner conductor transition, the gradual change degree of depth of ring-like groove array is from h
1=0.25 millimeter increases to h gradually by step delta h=0.25 millimeter
2=2.75 millimeters, the remainder of ring groove array keeps the ultimate depth h of gradual change
2, being used for realizing the wave number coupling between coaxial waveguide and artificial surface plasma waveguide, the variation of the ring groove degree of depth is on the impact of its dispersion characteristics as shown in Figure 3.The horn antenna gradual change of outer conductor adopts internal diameter from 2R
2=16 millimeters are smoothly incremented to 2R
3=37.16 millimeters, thickness is t=1 millimeter, is used for realizing the impedance matching between coaxial waveguide and artificial surface plasma waveguide, the horizontal cycle spacing d=3 millimeter of adjacent two ring grooves in transition waceguide, and the total length of monolateral transition waceguide is l
2=60 millimeters.
The artificial surface plasma waveguide of middle constant cycle is as the carrier of SSPPs signal transmission.As shown in Fig. 2 (e), the artificial surface plasma waveguide of mid portion region III is a=1 millimeter by recess width, degree of depth h
2=2.75 millimeters, the ring groove array composition of the horizontal cycle spacing d=3 millimeter of adjacent two grooves, length l
3=150 millimeters.This embodiment transducer total length is 300 millimeters.
According to embodiment bis-, utilize Electromagnetic Simulation software can obtain efficient performance as shown in Figure 4, within the scope of 0~18GHz, S
11and S
21satisfactory for result in broad frequency band.S within the scope of 0.9~1.2GHz and 2.7~13.6GHz
11all-below 15dB, S in 3.5~12.4 scopes
21all be greater than-2dB, within the scope of 3.5~5GHz and 11.4~12.4GHz, S
21-1dB and-change S within the scope of 6.3~9.7GHz within the scope of 2dB
21nearly all be greater than-0.55dB.In wide frequency range, realize the Efficient Conversion of guided wave to SSPPs.
Claims (5)
1. coaxial waveguide to an artificial surface plasma waveguide transducer, is characterized in that: comprise the coaxial waveguide of two ends symmetry and the coaxial waveguide transition waceguide to artificial surface plasma waveguide, and middle artificial surface plasma waveguide;
Wherein, transition waceguide comprises inner wire and outer conductor transition, and the periodicity ring groove array that inner conductor transition is increased progressively by the degree of depth is realized, and outer conductor transition becomes gradually large horn antenna by opening and realizes; Artificial surface plasma waveguide is made up of the periodicity ring groove array of constant depth.
2. a kind of coaxial waveguide according to claim 1, to artificial surface plasma waveguide transducer, is characterized in that: in transition waceguide, the ring groove array gradual change of inner conductor transition adopts the degree of depth from h
1according to constant step size Δ, h is incremented to h
2, the remainder of ring groove array keeps the ultimate depth h of gradual change
2; The horizontal cycle distance of adjacent two grooves of ring groove array is d; The horn antenna gradual change of outer conductor transition adopts internal diameter from 2R
2smoothly be incremented to 2R
3, thickness is that t remains unchanged, the single total length l of transition waceguide
2, parameter h
1, Δ h, h
2, d, R
2, R
3, t, l
2match with coaxial waveguide parameter.
3. a kind of coaxial waveguide according to claim 1 and 2, to artificial surface plasma waveguide transducer, is characterized in that: artificial surface plasma waveguide is d by the horizontal cycle distance of adjacent two ring grooves, and recess width is a, and the degree of depth is h
2ring groove array composition, total length is l
3, parameter d, a, h
2, l
3match with coaxial waveguide parameter.
4. a kind of coaxial waveguide according to claim 1 and 2, to artificial surface plasma waveguide transducer, is characterized in that: the coaxial waveguide of one end is as the input of guided wave signals arbitrarily, and the on-axis wave directive/guide of the other end is output.
5. a kind of coaxial waveguide according to claim 3, to artificial surface plasma waveguide transducer, is characterized in that: the coaxial waveguide of one end is as the input of guided wave signals arbitrarily, and the on-axis wave directive/guide of the other end is output.
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Cited By (6)
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CN105633522A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 东南大学 | Jump layer transmission line based on artificial surface plasma polaritons |
CN105703048A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-06-22 | 北京大学 | Ultra wide band terahertz class surface plasmon coupler and coupling method |
CN106935947A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | The tunneling effect and its method of work of artificial surface plasmon |
CN109473757A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2019-03-15 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of wideband transmission line chip |
US10498040B2 (en) | 2018-02-17 | 2019-12-03 | Fractal Antenna Systems, Inc. | Vivaldi horn antennas incorporating FPS |
CN113488751A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-08 | 电子科技大学 | Rectangular waveguide-artificial surface plasmon polariton transition structure |
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Cited By (10)
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CN109473757A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2019-03-15 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of wideband transmission line chip |
CN109473757B (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2020-03-10 | 上海理工大学 | Broadband transmission line chip |
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CN105703048B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2018-07-13 | 北京大学 | A kind of ultra wide band Terahertz class surface plasma excimer coupler and coupling process |
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US10910727B2 (en) | 2018-02-17 | 2021-02-02 | Fractal Antenna Systems, Inc. | Vivaldi horn antennas incorporating FPS |
CN113488751A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-08 | 电子科技大学 | Rectangular waveguide-artificial surface plasmon polariton transition structure |
CN113488751B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-06-03 | 电子科技大学 | Rectangular waveguide-artificial surface plasmon polariton transition structure |
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