CN103982373B - Wind turbine - Google Patents
Wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103982373B CN103982373B CN201410238804.5A CN201410238804A CN103982373B CN 103982373 B CN103982373 B CN 103982373B CN 201410238804 A CN201410238804 A CN 201410238804A CN 103982373 B CN103982373 B CN 103982373B
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- wind turbine
- impeller
- wheel carrier
- isolation damper
- rotating shaft
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind turbine, comprising: an impeller including at least two blade units; the impeller is arranged on the main shaft; and a main frame coupled with the tower to support the main shaft and the impeller, each of the blade units including: a blade; and a wheel frame for mounting and supporting the blade, wherein the wheel frames of the at least two blade units are mounted around the main shaft, wherein any adjacent pair of the wheel frames are connected to each other by a first vibration isolation damper arranged along a circumferential direction of the impeller. The impeller of the wind turbine can realize self balance, is easy to assemble, and contributes to reducing the vibration of the whole machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of for wind-power electricity generation
Wind turbine.
Background technology
Wind turbine is a kind of device converting wind energy into electric energy, mainly include blade, electromotor,
Mechanical part and electric component etc..Either direct-drive type, double-fed type or middling speed or high-speed wind turbine machine,
All having the rotary blade system including multiple blade and a wheel hub, blade may be coupled directly on wheel hub,
Also can be connected on wheel hub by pitch variable bearings and pitch drive.Due to wind speed change, wind shear, turbulent flow,
The factors such as tower shadow and control, the wind energy that impeller system absorbs is non-constant, and acts on load on each blade
Also moment change, causes the mechanical parts such as drive system, generator system, nacelle system and tower foundation
Produce vibration and jeopardize the safe and reliable property of unit operation and earning rate etc..
Due to do not have between each blade of modern wind turbine load transmission and relatively independent so that blade
Load is all directly delivered on the rigidity wheel hub of impeller.Therefore, act on the vaned dynamic vibration of institute to carry
Lotus is all delivered to the parts such as electromotor, main shaft system, cabin, pylon and basis by the wheel hub of impeller.By
In between wind turbine blade separate, impeller is delivered to the oscillating load of wind turbine body and includes:
The pneumatic harmonic wave of 3P/6P, the shimmy harmonic wave of 1P/2P/4P/5P/7P/8P, 1P/2P/4P/8P wave harmonic wave.This
A little vibration harmonics are to cause the mechanical parts such as drive system, generator system, nacelle system and tower foundation
Produce vibration and fatigue and jeopardize the root of the safe and reliable property of unit operation and earning rate etc..
Impeller and the generating directly driving wind turbine is disclosed in patent application CN103069158A
Use between machine rotor and flexibly connect, reduce impeller system and be delivered to the bending load of generator amature,
But this mode can not fundamentally carry out vibration damping and load shedding controls, it is impossible to effectively reduces impeller to master
Axle system, cabin, the vibration of pylon and fatigue damage, simultaneously its effectiveness in vibration suppression limited efficacy for complete machine.
The impeller of the wind turbine disclosed in patent application DE10239366A1 is highly integrated with electromotor, fall
The weight of low wind turbine and cost, be difficult to effectively reduce electromotor, axle system, cabin and tower equally
The vibration of frame and fatigue damage.
In current wind turbine, although complete machine oscillation and tired load can be reduced by independent pitch technology
Lotus, but owing to natural environment is complicated and changeable and wind turbine running status is complicated, control strategy needs root
It is customized according to specific environment and state and optimizes.And, independent pitch needs to increase a set of highly reliable
Load measuring system, necessarily increases cost and the complexity of system.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the wind turbine of a kind of impeller with Self-balancing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind turbine that can reduce complete machine oscillation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and can effectively reduce waving and shimmy vibration load of impeller
The wind turbine of lotus.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind-force whirlpool that can actively control the vibration that impeller produces
Turbine.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of wind turbine, including: impeller, including at least
Two blade units；Main shaft, impeller is arranged on main shaft；And mainframe, it is connected with pylon, to support
Main shaft and impeller.Wherein, each blade unit includes: blade；And wheel carrier, it is used for installing and supporting leaf
Sheet, wherein, the wheel carrier of described at least two blade unit is installed around main shaft, wherein, any adjacent
A pair wheel carrier is interconnected by the first isolation damper circumferentially along impeller.
The two ends of the first isolation damper can be connected with described adjacent pair wheel carrier respectively.
Impeller and main shaft can be connected to each other by the second isolation damper.
Described main shaft may also include that central shaft, fixes with mainframe and is connected；Rotating shaft, is sleeved on central shaft
On, and be connected with the wheel carrier of blade unit by the second isolation damper；Bearing, centrally disposed axle and
Between rotating shaft, to support rotating shaft and impeller around central shaft rotation.
First isolation damper can be the antivibrator with composite construction, and this antivibrator can have predetermined
Rigidity and predetermined damped coefficient.
First isolation damper can be to have the passive damping device of constant damping coefficient, mutative damp coefficient
Semi-active damper device or there is the active damper of adjustable damped coefficient.
Second isolation damper can be the antivibrator with composite construction, and this antivibrator has predetermined firm
Degree and predetermined damped coefficient.
Second isolation damper can be to have the passive damping device of constant damping coefficient, mutative damp coefficient
Semi-active damper device or there is the active damper of adjustable damped coefficient.
The front side of wheel carrier and rear side can be connected by the front-end and back-end of the second isolation damper with main shaft respectively
Connect.
Described wind turbine may also include that the stator of electromotor, fixes with described central shaft and is connected, position
Between the wheel carrier and the mainframe of blower fan of impeller；The rotor of electromotor, with the rear robot of described rotating shaft
Connect, and can rotate around the stator of electromotor.
Described rotating shaft can include front end rotating shaft and the rear end rotating shaft of separated from each other preset distance, wherein, front end
The front side of rotating shaft and wheel carrier is connected by the second isolation damper, and the rear side of rear end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is by the
Two isolation dampers connect.
Described wind turbine may also include that the stator of electromotor, fixes with described central shaft and is connected, and
Between front end rotating shaft and rear end rotating shaft, wherein, the wheel carrier of described impeller is used as determining around electromotor
The rotor of the electromotor that son rotates.
Described impeller rotates together with main shaft, and wherein, described wind turbine may also include that speed increasing gear
Case, is connected with main shaft；The rotor of electromotor, is connected with step-up gear and can rotate；And electromotor
Stator, the rotor around electromotor is arranged on mainframe.
Described wind turbine may also include that acceleration transducer, is separately positioned on each blade unit
On wheel carrier, for measuring the acceleration of each wheel carrier；First damping sensor, is arranged on the first vibration isolation resistance
On Buddhist nun's device, to measure the duty of the first isolation damper；Second damping sensor, is arranged on second
On isolation damper, to measure the duty of the second isolation damper；Controller, receives the first damping
Sensor and the second damping sensor and the measurement result of acceleration transducer, and according to measurement result with
And the running status of wind turbine and the duty of each isolation damper of blast velocity control.
The quantity of described blade unit can be 3.
Wind turbine according to the present invention has self-balancing impeller, is relatively independent by separating impeller
Blade unit, each blade unit and waving and edgewise direction is connected by isolation damper with rotating shaft,
Make each blade unit the most independent, hence it is evident that reduce blade unit mutual because of out of phase, different carry
Lotus size and different magnitude of vibrations and cause vibration and the fatigue of impeller, thus impeller loads smooth transfer arrives
Wind turbine body, effectively reduces the portions such as blade, power train, electromotor, cabin, pylon, basis
The vibration of part and fatigue.While reducing cost, but also improve the dynamic property of wind turbine
And reliability.Meanwhile, because wind turbine impeller is separated into relatively simple blade unit, reduce
The Impeller Design of power wind energy turbines machine and manufacture difficulty, easily assemble.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the partial front schematic diagram of the wind turbine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein,
The blade of impeller is omitted；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the wind turbine shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the axonometric chart illustrating the wheel carrier eliminating lug in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of wind turbine according to the second embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of wind turbine according to the third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the monitor control system of wind turbine according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C is to illustrate wind turbine (having vibration isolator) according to an embodiment of the invention
With pylon load and the chart of cabin acceleration of the wind turbine (not there is vibration isolator) of prior art,
Wherein, Fig. 7 A shows wind turbine and the wind turbine of prior art according to an embodiment of the invention
The tower top of machine and the chart of stress load Fx and Fy of column foot, Fig. 7 B shows the enforcement according to the present invention
The bending load Mx that the wind turbine of example and the tower top of the wind turbine of prior art and column foot bear
With the chart of My, Fig. 7 C shows wind turbine and the wind of prior art according to an embodiment of the invention
The chart of cabin (that is, the tower top) acceleration of power turbine.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to enable those skilled in the art to be better understood from the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention
Specific embodiment be described in detail.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-3, the wind turbine 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 is the partial front schematic diagram of the wind turbine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein,
The blade of impeller is omitted；Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the wind turbine shown in Fig. 1；Fig. 3 is to illustrate
Fig. 1 eliminates the axonometric chart of the wheel carrier of lug.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, one is belonged to according to the wind turbine 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention
Plant direct-drive aerogenerator group.For direct-drive aerogenerator group, impeller directly drives generating
The rotor of machine, and rotor under the drive of impeller around the electromotor being firmly fixed stator rotate, by
This produces electric power.
In the present embodiment, wind turbine 100 mainly include impeller 10, main shaft 20, electromotor 30,
Mainframe 40, pylon 60 and the Yawing mechanism 70 being connected between mainframe 40 and pylon 60.
Impeller 10 is installed on main shaft 20, and rotates with the wind, thus is delivered to be arranged on master by wind-force
Electromotor 30 on axle 20, to be converted into electric power by wind-force.And mainframe 40 is generally perpendicular to pylon
60 extend, and are connected between pylon 60 and main shaft 20.Mainframe 40 is applied not only to supports main shaft 20 He
Impeller 10 and the rotation of impeller 10, but also bear moment of flexure produced by impeller 10 and main shaft 20.
Yawing mechanism 70 is for being connected mainframe 40 with pylon 60, and allows mainframe 40 and master
Axle 20 and impeller 10 are around the fore-aft axis of the pylon 60 of wind turbine.By arranging Yawing mechanism
70, it is possible to make impeller 10 and main shaft 20 follow the tracks of the change of wind direction, to keep stable generating；And work as
When the cable that wind turbine 100 is drawn in cabin occurs to be wound around, utilize Yawing mechanism 70 can realize certainly
Move and untie the mooring rope.
Specifically, impeller 10 includes three blade units 11 independent of each other, each blade unit 11
Including blade 15 and wheel carrier 16.The wheel carrier 16 of each blade unit 11 interconnects and forms annular,
Thus be equivalent to define the wheel hub of impeller 10.Although it should be noted that the wheel that impeller has been incorporated herein
The concept of hub, but this appellation the most functionally are from structure, actual between each blade unit
On fixing connect, but each there is the biggest independence.As shown in figures 1 and 3, each take turns
Frame 16 includes the main body 161 of sector and the blade installation portion of the arc-shaped outer surface upper process from fan-shaped main body
162, the root of blade 15 is arranged on blade installation portion 162 by blade pitch device 12.Blade pitch device 12
Allow blade 15 to rotate around the longitudinal blade axis of wind turbine 100, thus adjust the angle of blade 15
Degree.The rotating speed of impeller 10 can be controlled by the angle controlling blade 15, and then control wind turbine
The output of 100, and wind turbine 100 safe stopping can be made by the way of aerodynamic braking
Machine.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, be formed at the connecting portion of adjacent pair wheel carrier 16 relative to each other
Lug 163.Specifically, at the two ends of the arc-shaped outer surface that lug 163 is formed at fan-shaped main body 161,
So when a pair wheel carrier 16 interconnects, can be attached by connecting lug 163 relative to each other.
Central authorities at each lug 163 can form through hole, thus can by the lug 163 of such structure flexibly
Connect adjacent wheel carrier 16, such as by connecting isolation damper between lug 163 relative to each other
Realize above-mentioned flexibly connecting.By being interconnected by wheel carrier 16, making blade unit, there is the same of independence
Time make it have again globality such that it is able to guarantee that the normal function of impeller is unaffected.In sector
Every one end of the arc-shaped outer surface of main body 161, can only form a lug 163, it is possible to formed more
Lug, such as 3.So, wheel carrier 16 adjacent one another are can be by a pair or more mutual to lug 163
It is connected.Additionally, the main body of each sector has both sides relative to each other, i.e. front side and rear side.When
When the wheel carrier 16 of each blade unit 11 is arranged on main shaft 20 and is connected to each other, wheel carrier 16 (or
Person says wheel hub) front side corresponding to the windward side of impeller 10, and after wheel carrier 16 (wheel hub in other words)
Side is then relative with mainframe 40.Owing to the diameter of main shaft 20 is gradually increased to the back-end from front end, therefore,
The interior diameter of the front side of the wheel hub that wheel carrier 16 is formed is less than the interior diameter of rear side, with the shape with main shaft 20
Match.
In an embodiment of the present invention, have as a example by three blade units by impeller and be described, because
The generating efficiency of the wind turbine with the impeller of three blades is of a relatively high, the most commonly used.
But, the invention is not restricted to this, the quantity of blade unit 11 is not limited to 3, it is also possible to be 2 or more
Multiple.(also can be claimed as it is shown in figure 1, adjacent pair wheel carrier 16 is connected by isolation damper 25
For shimmy isolation damper 25).Specifically, isolation damper 25 can along impeller circumferentially,
Such as, can arrange along the outer surface of impeller (hub portion that specifically, wheel carrier 16 is formed).
In order to realize the connection of adjacent wheel carrier, the two ends of isolation damper 25 are respectively with adjacent pair wheel carrier even
Connect.But, the invention is not restricted to this, in the case of steric requirements allows, it is also possible to vibration isolation damped
Device is arranged along the inner circumferential of the so-called hub portion of impeller 10.As it has been described above, in the circumference of wheel carrier 16
Formed in the case of lug 163 on surface, the two ends of isolation damper 25 respectively with adjacent wheel carrier 16
On lug 163 relative to each other connect.Lug 163 is for connecting isolation damper 25, and it is tied
Structure is only an example, and the present invention is not limited to this, as long as isolation damper 25 can be made to be connected to phase
The adjacent any structure between wheel carrier 16 is all possible.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the wheel hub of the impeller 10 being interconnected by the wheel carrier 16 of blade unit 11 and being formed,
And wheel hub is installed on main shaft 20.Describe in detail according to embodiments of the invention below with reference to Fig. 2
Wind turbine 100 main shaft 20 concrete structure and with the attachment structure of wheel hub.
As in figure 2 it is shown, main shaft 20 includes: central shaft 21, it is permanently connected with mainframe 40, and base
Extend along the direction being perpendicular to pylon 60 in basis, thus support impeller 10 and the rotation of impeller 10 is provided
Axis；Rotating shaft 22, is enclosed within central shaft 21 and is connected with the wheel hub of impeller 10；Bearing 23, is arranged on
Between rotating shaft 22 and central shaft 21, so that rotating shaft 22 and impeller 10 can rotate around central shaft 21.
Structure by main shaft 20, it is allowed to the blade unit 10 of wind turbine 100 is around the axis of central shaft 21
Direction rotates, and here, the axis direction of central shaft 21 is substantially perpendicular to the bearing of trend of pylon 60.
Additionally, be also equipped with the stator 32 of electromotor 30 on central shaft 21, and rotating shaft 22 and generating
The rotor 31 of machine 30 is fixing to be connected, and rotor 31 is installed around stator 32.So, when impeller 10
With rotating shaft 22 around central shaft 21 rotate time, rotor 31 can rotate around stator 32, thus occur
Electromagnetic interaction and produce electric power.
More particularly, support by bearing 23 in the front and rear of rotating shaft 22, and in rotating shaft
Front end boss it is formed with on the external peripheral surface of the front end of 22, and at the cylindrical weekly form of the rear end of rotating shaft 22
Aft end flange it is formed with on face.Preferably, front end boss and aft end flange can form annular shape.But,
The invention is not restricted to this, front end boss and aft end flange also can form discontinuous shape, such as, formed
Multiple independent lugs.Front end boss is connected with the front side of wheel hub, and the rear side of aft end flange and wheel hub connects
Connect, thus impeller 10 is linked together with rotating shaft 22.Preferably, front end boss and aft end flange divide
Not being connected flexibly with front side and the rear side of wheel hub, such as being connected by isolation damper 26 (will below
Describe in detail).Additionally, in the rear end of central shaft 21, i.e. between impeller 10 and mainframe 40
Position, is also equipped with the stator 32 of electromotor 30.Similar with the mounting means of wheel hub, stator 32 is also
It is installed on central shaft 21 by the flange being formed on the external peripheral surface of central shaft 21.And around
Then rear end with rotating shaft 22, one end of the rotor 31 of stator 32 is connected.So, when impeller 10 rotates,
Rotating shaft 22 rotates together with impeller 10, thus wind-force is delivered to the rotor 31 of electromotor 30, then
Electric power is converted to by electromotor 30.
Additionally, the wheel hub of impeller 10 and main shaft 20 also can be connected by isolation damper 26.More specifically
Say, isolation damper 26 (also referred to as waving isolation damper 26) be connected to front end boss with
Between the front side (that is, the front side of wheel carrier) of the wheel hub of impeller and aft end flange and wheel hub rear side (i.e.,
The rear side of wheel carrier) between.Due to the two ends of isolation damper 26 be respectively connecting to the wheel hub of impeller 10 with
And main shaft 20, thus impeller 10 is installed to main shaft 20.
In this application, although describe main shaft 20 in detail and be connected with the wheel carrier 16 of impeller 10 by flange,
But the invention is not restricted to this, it will be clear for those skilled in the art that the effect of flange is conveniently will
One end of isolation damper 26 is connected to main shaft 20 (specifically, rotating shaft 22), and therefore, flange is such
Structure is only an example, and the present invention is not limited to this, as long as isolation damper 26 can be made to be connected to
Any structure between main shaft 20 and wheel carrier 16 is all possible.
Shimmy isolation damper 25 can use with waving isolation damper 26 simultaneously, it is possible to individually uses pendulum
The isolation damper 25 that shakes realizes shimmy vibration damping, or can individually use and wave isolation damper 26 and realize waving
Vibration damping.Preferably, isolation damper 25 and 26 is to have enough rigidity and the composite construction of suitable damping,
The size of its rigidity and damping can be invariable.But the invention is not restricted to this, isolation damper 25 He
The damping of 26 also can change with the duty of antivibrator or by wind turbine dynamic operational behaviour
Actively control its size.It is to say, isolation damper 25 and 26 can be to have constant damping coefficient
Passive damping device, the semi-active damper device of mutative damp coefficient or have adjustable damped coefficient active resistance
Buddhist nun's device.Moreover, as required, isolation damper 25 and 26 can also use two kinds or two kinds
Above antivibrator is used in mixed way.
As it was previously stated, isolation damper 25 and 26 may each be the antivibrator with composite construction, this resistance
Buddhist nun's device should have enough rigidity and damped coefficient.The present invention has predetermined rigidity with pre-by setting
The isolation damper 25 and 26 of fixed damped coefficient is substantially reduced wind turbine 100 with simple structure
Complete machine oscillation.This is because, for wind turbine, due to wind shear, turbulent flow, tower shadow etc.
Factor causes the magnitude of load difference of each blade 15 of wind turbine, and vibration phase is the most different.Edge
The each blade unit of wind turbine edgewise direction the most necessarily occur extruding and stretching interact, by every
The antivibrator 25 (as shimmy isolation damper) that shakes consumes vibrational energy, and each blade 15 can reach automatically
To dynamic equilibrium, effectively reduce the pneumatic harmonic wave of 3P/6P and the shimmy harmonic wave of 1P/2P/4P/5P/7P/8P shakes
Dynamic loading, the moment of torsion of impeller 10 is by the generator amature 31 of smooth transfer to wind turbine.Additionally,
Along the direction of waving of wind turbine 100, each blade unit 11 is drawn with rotating shaft 22 by wheel carrier 16
Pressure interacts, and consumes vibrational energy by isolation damper 26 (being used as to wave isolation damper),
Effectively reduce 1P/2P/4P/8P and wave harmonic vibration load so that the pitching moment of flexure of impeller and and main frame
The driftage moment of flexure of frame 40 is put down by base bearing 23, central shaft 21, mainframe 40, Yawing mechanism 70
Surely it is delivered to the basis of pylon 60 and wind turbine.
In this embodiment, with impeller 10, there is the structure of blade unit 11 independent of each other to be retouched
State.The present invention is relatively independent blade unit by the impeller of cutting wind turbine, at each blade
Unit each other and installs isolation damper between blade unit and rotation system, effectively eliminate impeller system
The inconsistent load of each blade unit and vibration, the most effectively reduce impeller system and be delivered to wind-force
The parts such as main turbine shaft system, electromotor, cabin and pylon and the vibration of subsystem and fatigue, reduce
Cost, improves dynamic property and the reliability of wind turbine.It is relatively independent by separating impeller
Blade unit, impeller manufacture and assembling are more flexible, greatly reduce the manufacture of power wind energy turbines machine
And assembly difficulty.
But, the invention is not restricted to this, impeller 10 can also use monolithic construction.In this case,
By arrange between wheel hub with main shaft 20 wave isolation damper 26 as can consume and wave vibration
Energy, thus reduces and is passed to mainframe 40 and the vibration of pylon 60.
Describe the rotor 31 of electromotor 30 above with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 and stator 32 is arranged on
The first embodiment in the outside of impeller 10, but, the invention is not restricted to this, i.e. turning of electromotor 30
Son 31 and stator 32 also may be disposed at the inner side of impeller 10.Describe according to this below with reference to Fig. 4
The wind turbine 200 of the second bright embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of wind turbine 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.At this
In embodiment, the parts similar to the parts of the wind turbine 100 of first embodiment are by identical label
Represent, therefore, the repeated description to same parts will be omitted.
Wind turbine according to the second embodiment of the present invention 200 with according to the first embodiment of the present invention
The structure that the difference is that only rotating shaft 22 of wind turbine 100 and the stator 32 of electromotor 30
Installation site with rotor 31.
In the present embodiment, rotating shaft 22 be divided into the front end rotating shaft 22-1 being spaced apart at a predetermined distance from each other and
Rear end rotating shaft 22-2.Front end rotating shaft 22-1 is installed in the front end of central shaft 21, on its outer circumferential surface
Being formed with front end boss, front end boss is connected with the front side of wheel hub；Rear end rotating shaft 22-2 is installed in center
The rear end of axle 21 and closer to mainframe 40, is formed on the outer surface of rear end rotating shaft 22-2
Aft end flange, aft end flange is connected with the rear side of wheel hub.Similar with first embodiment, main shaft 20 and impeller
10 are interconnected by isolation damper 26.Specifically, isolation damper 26 is arranged on front end boss
And between the front side of wheel hub and between aft end flange and the rear side of wheel hub.Isolation damper 26 consumes to be waved
Dance vibrational energy, effectively reduces 1P/2P/4P/8P and waves harmonic vibration load so that
The pitching moment of flexure of impeller 10 and and the driftage moment of flexure of mainframe 40 by base bearing 23, central shaft 21, main
Frame 40, Yawing mechanism 70 are by smooth transfer to pylon 60 and the basis of wind turbine.
Additionally, the stator 32 of electromotor 30 is fixedly attached to the middle part of central shaft 21, i.e. in front end
Between rotating shaft 22-1 and rear end rotating shaft 22-2.Similar with first embodiment, stator 32 also can be by being formed
Flange on the outer surface of central shaft 21 is fixing with central shaft 21 to be connected.Meanwhile, impeller
Wheel hub (wheel carrier 16 of impeller units 11 in other words) can be used as the rotor 31 of electromotor.Pass through electromotor
30 is highly integrated with impeller 10, not only simplify the structure of wind turbine 200, and simplifies dynamic
Power is transmitted, and is favorably improved the generating efficiency of electromotor 30.
Additionally, in the case of impeller 10 has multiple impeller units 11, equally can be between wheel carrier 16
Connect isolation damper 25, make impeller 10 realize self-balancing at work, to reduce from each blade list
Unit 11 is delivered to main shaft 20 or even pylon 60 and the vibration of blower foundation.
Wind turbine according to an embodiment of the invention is described above as a example by wind turbine direct drive
Machine, but, the invention is not restricted to this, it is suitable for various types of wind such as double-fed, high speed
Power turbine.As a example by middling speed wind turbine, an alternative embodiment of the invention is described below.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of wind turbine 300 according to the third embodiment of the invention, wherein,
Wind turbine 300 is middling speed wind turbine categories.
Unlike the first two embodiment, the main shaft 20 of wind turbine 300 is direct and impeller 10
Wheel hub connects, and thus impeller 10 rotates together with main shaft 20, therefore, in wind turbine 300,
Eliminate rotating shaft and support the bearing of rotating shaft.Specifically, as it is shown in figure 5, in the front end of main shaft 20 and
Rear end is respectively formed with front end boss and aft end flange, the front side of the wheel hub of impeller 10 and rear side the most therewith
Connect.
As well known to those skilled in the art, main shaft 20 is by step-up gear (not shown) and electromotor
Rotor (not shown) connects, so that wind-force to be delivered to rotor (not shown).The stator of electromotor is by main frame
Frame (not shown) supports.By rotor and the interaction of stator of electromotor, convert wind energy into electricity
Energy.
Similar with above embodiment, impeller 10 can be made up of three blade units 11, blade unit 11
Wheel carrier 16 make impeller 10 be connected with each other in the circumferential by shimmy isolation damper 25, by wave every
The antivibrator 26 that shakes makes impeller 10 and main shaft 20 connect in the axial direction.Moment of torsion and the moment of flexure of impeller are all delivered to
Main shaft 20, moment of flexure is passed to mainframe 40 by main shaft 20 further, and moment of torsion passes through speed increasing gear
Case is delivered to middling speed or high-speed engine.
But, the invention is not restricted to this, as it was previously stated, impeller 10 may be alternatively formed to monoblock type, so,
Shimmy isolation damper 25 can be omitted.
By above description it is clear that by blade unit and the main shaft of impeller or impeller or another
Isolation damper is set between blade unit, is vibrated by produced by impeller during blower fan work can be consumed
Energy such that it is able to decrease from source and be passed to pylon and the vibration on basis.Additionally, achieve
The smooth transfer of power.It addition, for the relatively independent inherent character of modern wind turbine Leaf,
By impeller is separated into relatively independent blade unit by the number of blade, each blade unit is each other shimmy
Direction uses isolation damper to connect, and between blade unit and wheel rotation axle, waving direction, (impeller turns
Dynamic axis direction) it is also adopted by isolation damper connection, each blade unit is the most relatively independent.Thus, nothing
The each blade of opinion is same phase or out of phase, and relative deformation the most necessarily occurs, shimmy and wave
Direction reduces impeller by isolation damper and is delivered to the oscillating load of wind turbine body.Therefore, respectively
After being connected by isolation damper between blade unit, it is possible to reach real-time self-balancing, it is achieved load is from impeller
It is delivered to the smooth transfer of wind turbine body.
Above description refer to isolation damper and can use semi-active damper device and active damper,
By isolation damper being carried out actively control, the optimal self-balancing of impeller can be realized.Below in conjunction with figure
The monitor control system of the wind turbine 100 according to embodiments of the present invention shown in 6 explains
And introduction.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the monitor control system of wind turbine according to embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 6, the monitor control system of wind turbine 100 specifically includes that acceleration transducer
91,92 and 93, it is separately mounted on the wheel carrier 16 of each blade unit 11, is used for measuring impeller 10
Acceleration in three directions；Damping sensor 97, is separately positioned on and waves isolation damper 26 He
On shimmy isolation damper 25, for measuring the duty of each isolation damper；Master controller 80,
By data/address bus 85 and each acceleration transducer and damping sensor communication, and receive these sensors
Measurement result.The data of acceleration transducer 91,92,93 and damping sensor are through data/address bus 85
After being transferred to master controller 80, master controller 80 is according to acceleration transducer 91,92,93 and damping
The test data of sensor 97 and the running status of wind turbine, wind speed etc., calculate isolation damper
Suitably rigidity and damped coefficient, then the damping controller 86 by being connected with each isolation damper is controlled
Make the working status parameter of each isolation damper, it is achieved wind turbine body and the vibration control of blade
With load control.Here, also master controller 80 and damping controller 86 can be become one, and incite somebody to action
It is referred to as controller.
According in the wind turbine of the present invention, by using semi-active damper device and/or active damping
Device, needs to install one or more sensor on wind turbine simultaneously, and changes according to sensing data
The rigidity of mutative damp device and damping size, it is possible to realize the optimal self-balancing effect of each blade unit of impeller.
Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C is to illustrate wind turbine (having vibration isolator) according to an embodiment of the invention
With pylon load and the chart of cabin acceleration of the wind turbine (not there is vibration isolator) of prior art,
Wherein, Fig. 7 A shows wind turbine and the wind turbine of prior art according to an embodiment of the invention
The tower top of machine and the chart of stress load Fx and Fy of column foot, Fig. 7 B shows the enforcement according to the present invention
The bending load Mx that the wind turbine of example and the tower top of the wind turbine of prior art and column foot bear
With the chart of My, Fig. 7 C shows wind turbine and the wind of prior art according to an embodiment of the invention
The chart of cabin (that is, the tower top) acceleration of power turbine.In Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C, gray scale is little
Represented by pattern part is to use the pylon load of wind turbine after isolation damper according to the present invention
Schematic diagram with cabin acceleration；And be being provided without of prior art represented by the big pattern part of gray scale
The pylon load of the wind turbine of isolation damper and the schematic diagram of cabin acceleration.Permissible by contrast
Finding out, wind turbine is compared with the wind turbine of prior art according to an embodiment of the invention, adds
Speed and load substantially reduce.
Sum it up, wind turbine is by impeller (or each blade according to an embodiment of the invention
Unit) with other parts (such as, adjacent blade unit or main shaft) between (excellent by isolation damper
Elect active spoiler as) connect, at least can realize one of following beneficial effect:
1, constructed a kind of wind turbine with self-balancing impeller, blade list thus can be obviously reduced
Unit causes each other the vibration of impeller and tired because of out of phase, different loads size and different magnitude of vibrations
Labor, it is achieved impeller loads smooth transfer to wind turbine body, effectively reduce power train, electromotor,
The vibration of the parts such as cabin, pylon, basis and fatigue, be conducive to improving the reliability of machine system and moving
State property energy, reduces and runs control difficulty and cost.
2, the wind turbine of self-balancing impeller is to realize wind turbine vibration damping from the source of load and vibration
With load shedding control, control and independent feathering control etc. relative to carrying out vibration damping at wind turbine intermediate member
Technical scheme, the wind turbine of self-balancing impeller has obvious technology and a performance advantages, and simple in construction,
At the bottom of cost, reliability high.
3, wind turbine impeller is separated into relatively simple blade unit, reduces power wind energy turbines
The Impeller Design of machine and manufacture difficulty, easily assemble.
4, the impeller making wind turbine realizes flexibly connecting with main shaft, can reduce blade vibration and blade passes
It is delivered to the dynamic load of rotary shaft, improves blade operational reliability.
Above the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail, although show and described one
A little embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that limiting without departing from by claim and equivalent thereof
In the case of the principle of the present invention of its scope fixed and spirit, these embodiments can be modified and complete
Kind, these are revised and improve also should be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a wind turbine, including:
Impeller, including at least two blade unit；
Main shaft, impeller is arranged on main shaft；With
Mainframe, is connected with pylon, with supports main shaft and impeller,
It is characterized in that, each blade unit includes:
Blade；With
Wheel carrier, for installing and support blade,
Wherein, the wheel carrier of described at least two blade unit is installed around main shaft,
Wherein, any adjacent pair wheel carrier is by the first isolation damper circumferentially along impeller
Interconnect.
Wind turbine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first isolation damper
Two ends are connected with described adjacent pair wheel carrier respectively.
Wind turbine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that impeller and main shaft are by the
Two isolation dampers are connected to each other.
Wind turbine the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described main shaft also includes:
Central shaft, fixes with mainframe and is connected；
Rotating shaft, suit on center shaft, and is connected with the wheel carrier of blade unit by the second isolation damper；
Bearing, between centrally disposed axle and rotating shaft, to support rotating shaft and impeller around central shaft rotation.
5. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the first isolation damper is tool
Having the antivibrator of composite construction, this antivibrator has predetermined rigidity and predetermined damped coefficient.
6. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the first isolation damper is tool
There are the passive damping device of constant damped coefficient, the semi-active damper device of mutative damp coefficient or there is adjustable resistance
The active damper of Buddhist nun's coefficient.
7. wind turbine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the second isolation damper is tool
Having the antivibrator of composite construction, this antivibrator has predetermined rigidity and predetermined damped coefficient.
8. wind turbine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the second isolation damper is tool
There are the passive damping device of constant damped coefficient, the semi-active damper device of mutative damp coefficient or there is adjustable resistance
The active damper of Buddhist nun's coefficient.
9. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that front side and the rear side of wheel carrier divide
Tong Guo not be connected with the front-end and back-end of main shaft by the second isolation damper.
10. wind turbine as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described wind turbine is also
Including:
The stator of electromotor, fixes with described central shaft and is connected, be positioned at the wheel carrier of impeller and the main frame of blower fan
Between frame；
The rotor of electromotor, is connected with the rear robot of described rotating shaft, and can be around the stator of electromotor
Rotate.
11. wind turbines as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described rotating shaft includes mutually
Front end spaced apart by a predetermined distance rotating shaft and rear end rotating shaft, wherein, the front side of front end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is by the
Two isolation dampers connect, and the rear side of rear end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is connected by the second isolation damper.
12. wind turbines as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that described wind turbine is also
Including:
The stator of electromotor, fixing with described central shaft is connected, and be positioned at front end rotating shaft and rear end rotating shaft it
Between,
Wherein, the wheel carrier of described impeller is used as the rotor of the electromotor rotated around the stator of electromotor.
13. wind turbines as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that impeller revolves together with main shaft
Turn,
Wherein, described wind turbine also includes:
Step-up gear, is connected with main shaft；
The rotor of electromotor, is connected with step-up gear and can rotate；With
The stator of electromotor, the rotor around electromotor is arranged on mainframe.
14. wind turbines as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described wind turbine is also
Including:
Acceleration transducer, is separately positioned on the wheel carrier of each blade unit, is used for measuring each wheel carrier
Acceleration；
First damping sensor, is arranged on the first isolation damper, to measure the first isolation damper
Duty；
Second damping sensor, is arranged on the second isolation damper, to measure the second isolation damper
Duty；
Controller, receives the first damping sensor and the second damping sensor and the survey of acceleration transducer
Amount result, and hinder according to measurement result and the running status of wind turbine and each vibration isolation of blast velocity control
The duty of Buddhist nun's device.
15. wind turbines as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the number of described blade unit
Amount is 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410238804.5A CN103982373B (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Wind turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410238804.5A CN103982373B (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Wind turbine |
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| CN103982373B true CN103982373B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104389746B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2017-11-07 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | The impeller and wind power generating set of wind power generating set |
| CN113123923A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 三一重能股份有限公司 | Wind generating set and impeller thereof |
| EP4357613A1 (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-04-24 | General Electric Renovables España S.L. | Drive train assemblies for wind turbines |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1986000115A1 (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1986-01-03 | Dejoux Andre | Wind motor with integrated anti-squall system |
| DK171738B1 (en) * | 1990-07-11 | 1997-04-21 | Danregn Vindkraft As | Wind turbine rotor with at least three blades |
| GB2372784A (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-09-04 | Eclectic Energy Ltd | Air Turbine Interlocking Blade Root and Hub Assembly |
| CN201273248Y (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2009-07-15 | 江苏九鼎新材料股份有限公司 | Variable blade pitch apparatus |
| CN103026061B (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2015-11-25 | 阿尔斯通风力有限个人公司 | Wind turbine |
| CN202545126U (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-11-21 | 沈阳风电设备发展有限责任公司 | Laminated lightweight hub of composite material |
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