CN103980970A - Experimental device for simulating generation and exploition of benthonic combustible ice and application method thereof - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating generation and exploition of benthonic combustible ice and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for simulating the generation and the exploition of benthonic combustible ice and an application method thereof. The experimental device comprises a stainless steel cylinder body, a middle penetration plate, a bottom rubber airbag, a top sealing device and an external frame, wherein the cylinder body is divided into three parts by the middle penetration plate of the whole device, i.e., a simulated seawater layer, a sedimentation layer (hydrate layer) and a free air layer from top to bottom; three windows are respectively designed in the front surface and the rear surface of the cylinder body, thereby being convenient for observation of phenomena during the generation and the decomposition of hydrates; the top sealing device works in a combined mechanical sealing mode, so that the sealing effect of the device can be guaranteed; the pore ratio of a combustible ice storage layer can be controlled according to experimental designs; and a magnetizer-induced heating temperature controller is wrapped around the combustible ice storage layer, so that the temperature can be accurately controlled so as to realize the heating of the storage layer. According to the experimental device, the conventional hydrate synthesis and decomposition experiment can be carried out; meanwhile, the large-scale simulation of the benthonic hydrates can be realized; and particularly, the phenomena in synthesis and exploition processes can be recorded by a high-speed CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera during the generation and the exploition of seepage-type hydrates, so that the simulation visualization is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to combustible ice development field, for simulated sea bottom combustible ice, the particularly generation of leakage type hydrate and recovery process.The present invention not only can realize conventional hydrate and synthesize and decomposition experiment, can realize large size simulated sea bottom hydrate simultaneously, the particularly generation of leakage type hydrate and recovery process, can also use high-speed CCD camera to record the phenomenon in synthetic and recovery process.
Background technology
Gas hydrate claim again combustible ice, are a kind of natural free of contamination green energy resources.Its calorific value is high, and under equal conditions, perfect combustion liberated heat can reach the decades of times of coal gas.Now reconnoitre carbon content in the gas hydrate of verifying and be equivalent to verify 2 times of existing fossil energy (oil, Sweet natural gas and coal) carbon content summation, mostly be stored at the settled layer of Offshore, be stored on a small quantity Plateau Permafrost Areas, can meet the human future energy demand of 1000.Therefore, be considered to there is petroleum replacing, the novel energy of the traditional energy great potential such as coal and Sweet natural gas.
In China, coal is the main body energy, and in China's primary energy source consumption structure, coal accounts for approximately 70%.The burning of a large amount of coals is the one of the main reasons that cause that China in Recent Years Air quality declines.This year, (2014) whole nation in the Spring Festival met with haze sky on a large scale, administered haze and must reduce fossil energy consumption, reduce Air Pollutant Emission, promotion and development clean energy.This just requires fundamentally to change Chinese existing energy structure, completes taking clean energy as main green and changes.Under this background, when sight is concentrated one's gaze on the clean energy such as sun power, wind energy by people, " combustible ice " placed on to more hope just, expect that China contains abundant " king of the energy " the green important task changed of bearing the responsibility.
In the rare and environmental problem of the energy severeer today, if can realize the large scale mining of gas hydrate, will there is important strategic importance to alleviating the current energy dilemma of the mankind and improving living environment.In recent years, the multinational governments such as U.S., day, moral, Canada, India, Korea S and Belgium have dropped into a large amount of manpowers and financial resources in succession, gas hydrate have been carried out to system and deep research, to realizing the extensive safe working of gas hydrate.Such as, 5,000,000 dollars of exploitation utilizations for researching natural gas hydrate of US President science and technology board of consultants (PCAST) suggestion in 1999 investment, calendar year 2001 is increased to 1,100 ten thousand dollars, within 2003, be increased to 1,200 ten thousand dollars, and the research and development plan in coming 10 years gross investment 1.5 hundred million～200,000,000 dollar is formulated in suggestion; Japan has started gas hydrate exploitation state plan (MH21 amounts to 16 years) in calendar year 2001, drops into every year approximately 5,000,000,000 yen and develops research, and realized tentative exploitation in 2013.
China starts late to the research of gas hydrate, but development rapidly.1999, China took the lead in carrying out gas hydrate investigation work at THE NORTHERN SLOPE OF SOUTH CHINA SEA Xisha Trough, has obtained the important Geophysical Evidence of gas hydrate.In " country's medium-term and long-term (2006-2020) science and technology development planning ", list the great special project " Large Oil gas field and cbm development " of hydrate exploitation in.On this basis, each mechanism is by the support of the modes such as " national high-tech research evolutionary operation(EVOP) " (863 Program), country's 973 plan hydrate projects, carried out China and deposit in the resource exploration key of development technology of gas hydrate and the tax of gas hydrate the fundamental research of the aspects such as scale, occurrence condition, enrichment discipline, internal structure.Gas hydrate study center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou is since setting up in May, 2004, carry out fruitful work, in in May, 2007 and 2009 respectively success in Northern Part of South China Sea Shenhu sea area and Qinghai-Tibet tundra drilled through the core sample containing gas hydrate, thereby make China become the less country that all finds natural gas hydrate resources in ocean and land in the world.2012, " No. six, ocean " carried out comprising the probe of more than 10 projects such as reserves, distribution, thickness, the impact of exploitation on environment on the gas hydrate in region, the South Sea.Detection shows, the only gas hydrate reserves of Northern Part of South China Sea have just reached China 1/2 left and right of total amount by land, have very high Exploitation Potential and resource value.
But because sea bed gas hydrate is present in the marine bottom sediment of the depth of water 300～4000m in seabed, the exploitation of gas hydrate faces a lot of technical difficult problems.General exploitation thinking is first with the whole bag of tricks such as step-down or heating, decomposition of hydrate to be reclaimed to free gas again.The wheat rope Ahab hydrate gas reservoir of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) has carried out tentative commercial mining the earliest.In October～2002 year March calendar year 2001, by drilling through a bite production test well and two mouthfuls of observation wells, step-down exploitation and heating Mining Test are successfully carried out at Canadian Mallik gas reservoir.The reoovery method of the gas hydrate that propose is at present substantially still conceptual, and correlative study is still under test.The present invention can contribute to us for further study to gas hydrate reservoir physical property, does business exploitation technical support is provided for later gas hydrate.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses experimental installation and using method thereof that a kind of simulated sea bottom combustible ice generates and exploits, it is made up of stainless steel cylinder body, middle part infiltration plate, bottom rubber-bag, top seal device and external frame; Whole device is divided into three parts by the infiltration plate at middle part by cylinder body, can distinguish simulated seawater layer, settled layer (hydrate layer) and free gas-bearing formation from top to bottom; The front-back of cylinder body has designed respectively 3 windows, the phenomenon while being convenient to observe hydrate generation and decompose; The tightness system at top adopts combined machine sealing means, sealing effectiveness that can assurance device; Combustible ice reservoir can be by its void ratio of experimental design control; Combustible ice reservoir is surrounded by magnetizer induction heating temperature controller around, can control accurately temperature and realize the heating to reservoir.The present invention not only can realize conventional hydrate and synthesize and decomposition experiment, can realize large size simulated sea bottom hydrate simultaneously, the particularly generation of leakage type hydrate and recovery process, can also use high-speed CCD camera to record the phenomenon in synthetic and recovery process, realizes the visual of simulation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the experimental installation of a kind of simulated sea bottom combustible ice generation of the present invention and exploitation;
In figure, each mark is as follows: 1, framework, 2, kettle, 3, sealing-ring, 4, kettle cover, 5(6), relief valve, 7, piston pressure plate, 8, whisky jack, 9, electrode (resistance) data monitoring equipment, 10, draining (gas) interface, 11, magnetizer induction heating device, 12, gas injection interface, 13, seepage flow plate, 14, gas storage rubber bag tank, 15, pressure pump, 16, computer, 17(20), tensimeter, 18(25, 26), adjust (back of the body) pressure valve, 19, check valve, 21(29), gas meter, 22, strainer, 23, reducing valve, 24(30), gas cylinder, 27, gas-liquid separator, 28, balance.
Embodiment
In conjunction with Figure of description explanation the specific embodiment of the present invention.
The first step: make combustible ice reservoir base sample.The grains of sand and ice powder are mixed, calculate the void ratio of ice powder and sand mix
; The elemental height of supposing mixture is
, the height of the mixture after pressurized is
,
,
for pressure
the draught of the lower mixture of effect.According to definition and the volume of mixture of soil mechanics mesoporosity ratio
can not change, and order
, before and after mixture pressurized, cross-sectional area is constant simultaneously, thereby obtains:
In the required void ratio of known experiment
the height of the required compression of mixture under condition
, be that draught is by exerting pressure to mixture
, can complete base sample and make;
Second step: build the sealing cover 4 on reactor top, open relief valve 6, closing pressure-regulating valve 5, to screw block 8 feed flows, applies downward normal load by screw block 8 to sealing cover by pressure pump 15; Regulate reactor airbath temperature; Inject methane gas by interface 10 and 12 to base sample upper space and bottom gas storage rubber bag tank, make upper and lower two surfaces of base sample reach required stress level; Reservoir upper and lower surface passes into methane gas to certain pressure.Regulate induction heating device 11 reservoir base sample is quickly heated up to ice just to melt, maintain this temperature for some time, methane gas is fully dissolved and sand grains between pore water;
The 3rd step: treat that methane dissolves completely, stopping induction installation 11 heats, regulate the pressure on airbath temperature and upper and lower two surfaces of base sample, make its state point be positioned at the stable existence territory of combustible ice phase equilibrium line, open experimental data collecting device 9, detect the generation of hydrate, meanwhile, open outside CCD high-speed camera and record the changing conditions of the combustible ice in generative process;
The 4th step: in the 3rd step, hydrate generates completely by the time, injects the seawater identical with airbath temperature by water filling interface 31 to base sample upper space, and the threshold values of back pressure valve 25 and 26 is set simultaneously, and base sample upper pressure is remained unchanged; If get rid of only have liquid there is no gas time, think that base sample upper space is full of completely by seawater; Open relief valve 6, hydrostatic control applies the hydrostaticpressure of the seawater in certain downward normal load simulating actual conditions to seawater by piston pressure plate 7;
The 5th step: select test method.The method comprises the unitized production method of decompression method, heat shock method, chemical reagent injection method, substitution method or aforesaid method;
The 6th step: regulate relative assembly to simulate the exploitation to combustible ice, and data in detection record simulation process;
The 7th step: analytical data.
Claims (6)
1. the experimental installation that simulated sea bottom combustible ice generates and exploits, is characterized in that being made up of stainless steel cylinder body, middle part infiltration plate, bottom rubber-bag, top seal device and external frame; Whole device is divided into three parts by the infiltration plate at middle part by cylinder body, can distinguish simulated seawater layer, settled layer (hydrate layer) and free gas-bearing formation from top to bottom; The front-back of cylinder body has designed respectively 3 windows, the phenomenon while being convenient to observe hydrate generation and decompose; The tightness system at top adopts combined machine sealing means, sealing effectiveness that can assurance device.
2. the experimental installation that simulated sea bottom combustible ice as claimed in claim 1 generates and exploits, its feature can apply to sea water layer the pressure of vertical direction by top hydraulic control pressure plate, reach the object of the hydrostaticpressure of simulated seawater to seabed.
3. the experimental installation that simulated sea bottom combustible ice as claimed in claim 1 generates and exploits, the generation that it is characterized in that combustible ice reservoir can the experimental numerical value that need to regulate its void ratio, first porous medium is evenly mixed with ice powder, then the void ratio compacting required according to experiment.
4. the experimental installation that simulated sea bottom combustible ice as claimed in claim 1 generates and exploits, it is characterized in that tightness system applies a downward reactive force by whisky jack to the upper surface of tightness system by external frame, the seawater of reactor inside applies a reactive force upwards at lower surface, wherein downward reactive force is larger than reactive force upwards, thereby plays desirable sealing effectiveness.
5. the experimental installation that simulated sea bottom combustible ice as claimed in claim 1 generates and exploits, is characterized in that the surrounding of combustible ice reservoir is around the induction heating device of one deck magnetizer, can accurately regulate continuously the temperature of combustible ice reservoir.
6. the using method of the experimental installation that seabed combustible ice generates and exploits as described in claim 1-5, is characterized in that:
The first step: make combustible ice reservoir base sample, calculate the required void ratio of reservoir according to experimental design, the grains of sand that mix and ice powder are put into reactor and be firmly densified to the void ratio needing;
Second step: good seal reactor, regulate reactor airbath temperature, reservoir upper and lower surface passes into methane gas to certain pressure, regulates induction heating device to be heated to ice to reservoir base sample and just melts, and maintains this temperature for some time methane gas is fully dissolved;
The 3rd step: treat that methane dissolves completely, change that to reduce temperature temperature required to testing, regulate pressure to experimental pressure, generate hydrate, and detect in hydrate formation the parameters such as saturation ratio;
The 4th step: be full of reactor top to what inject the water identical with test temperature in reactor, collect the methane gas that discharge on the reactor top of discharging in this process, adjusting sealing device for upper portion of annular pressure plate applies the pressure of regulation to water;
The 5th step: select test method, the method comprises the unitized production method of decompression method, heat shock method, chemical reagent injection method, substitution method or aforesaid method;
The 6th step: regulate relative assembly to simulate the exploitation to combustible ice, and data in detection record simulation process;
The 7th step: analytical data.
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| CN201410230298.5A CN103980970B (en) | 2014-05-28 | A kind of simulated sea bottom combustible ice generate and exploitation experimental provision and using method |
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| CN201410230298.5A CN103980970B (en) | 2014-05-28 | A kind of simulated sea bottom combustible ice generate and exploitation experimental provision and using method |
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| CN103980970A true CN103980970A (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| CN103980970B CN103980970B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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| CN107559000A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-01-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental rig and method for combustible ice exploitation performance study under well influence of spatial distribution |
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