CN1039730A - The device of during some action of ball game batting apparatus handle position being programmed and controlling and lead - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of in ball game programming and the position of control batting instrument handle and the device of guiding batting apparatus comprise: magnetic switch, mercoid switch, microchip or the microprocessor and the other electron component that are contained in diverse location in the handle.In each batting stage, the motion of apparatus makes these switches and associated closing of circuit or disconnection, thereby sends the signal that is easy to discern, and notifies sportsman and/or coach, and whether sportsman's shot is wrong.This device can work in fixed routine and consider the program of each sportsman's action and structoure of the human body, and its advantage is not for to disturb sportsman's regular event, and needn't remove console switch between each motion sequence.

Description

The device of during some action of ball game batting apparatus handle position being programmed and controlling and lead

The present invention relates to a kind of in ball game, the programming and the position of control batting apparatus or " racket " handle and the device of guiding batting apparatus.

Some batting apparatuses like this, particularly, have the usefulness of playing golf rod-high strike rod or putter, play bat that hockey uses, racket or bat that the ball that re-packs is used or the racket of the usefulness of playing badminton or particularly play tennis.

In the ball game of needs with the batting apparatus, when execution causes (with comprising) to make those necessary operations of batting motion by means of sportsman's arm, if obtain justifiable power and rhythm in all stages of racket motion, then the position of sportsman's holds racket handle and the guiding of racket are of paramount importance.

Arrhythmic motion sequence need increase strength of action widely and consume physical efficiency excessively, and the fault rate that the sportsman causes should drop into strength and the increase of direct ratio ground with it, but at this moment can will increase sooner.For example,, consume much more physical efficiency when then the sportsman will be than correct operation if the transition from " showing " (that is: " outwards swing ") to the batting motion is not dynamically to carry out, and he will in ball match, feel very soon tired be tending towards suffering defeat.

In my No. 35 25 843, German public publication file (German Offenlegungsschrift), a kind of control device has been described, this control device plan air exercise forehand and backhand, play left and right sides curve (Slicing) and serve a ball (Service) and other special and the relevant action that plays tennis in some stage control.

Yet some stage in complete rhythm is played ball, the whole sequence in each stage is not to be subjected to this device control.Also have, this known devices has some shortcoming.A most serious shortcoming of this known devices can find out from following situation, and the response of electronic unit that promptly sends signal is too slow, so that signal arrives too lately, can not in time handle.Another critical defect is: because this known devices can not the automatic distinguishing forehand and the backhand action, so in order to distinguish them, the sportsman must operate some switches midway in batting.Also have another critical defect to be: when action is tending towards finishing, in order to obtain one " good signal ", the scope that the sportsman must observe is so narrow, so that must be that almost ideal intact sportsman could be competent at, and for the sportsman who is trained, except the machine of chance is circuitous, always do not reach the result of " good ".

Further shortcoming is, in known devices, some switching device produces the noise that the card clatter is made a sound continuously, and also has a shortcoming to be: also need a large amount of switches even incomplete control is done in motion.Another shortcoming relevant with above-mentioned shortcoming is: can be transformed into the switching device of playing left and right sides curve motion and needing from the forehand or the backhand of routine, may realize technically.

So, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device, when relating to when using the ball game of racket rhythmically by correct timing, this device is programmed to the whole sequence of motion stage during forehand action, backhand action and service and is controlled.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of in relating to the ball game process of using racket, the device that motion stage is programmed and controlled, this device is used for notifying sportsman and coach to be easy to identification mode: whether this sportsman has carried out sequence zero defect, thereby has made an action strong, rhythmical and physical efficiency is utilized bestly.

The present invention also has another purpose to provide a kind of control device that is suitable for reaching the described type of aforementioned purpose, this device has the signal transmit button parts of minimum number, these switch blocks do not hinder or disturb the sportsman who carries out normal ball match in response to all motions of racket fast, especially ought cause hitting a ball bounce forward action during audible interference noise does not appear, and needn't operate any switch midway at motion sequence.

According to the present invention, reach above-mentioned these purposes by means of the hold bat device of position and guiding batting apparatus of a kind of programming and control, this device comprises: IC chip device, IC chip device can comprise and only be used to the microchip controlled, or microprocessor and analog-digital converter; Be suitable for switch and control device that the whole rhythm to batting apparatus motion sequence responds; The device that the motion sequence of batting apparatus whole rhythm is programmed; The device that control program departs from, and produce a device that is easy to attractive signal, at least one correct and incorrect motion sequence in the whole rhythm of this signal indication batting apparatus.

Thereby, be like this control during with the ball game of batting apparatus to whole rhythm of hitting, this control helps to make that the sportsman holds bat holds proper position at the batting apparatus, and during the everything that causes batting, give notice with appreciable signal, correctly guide this batting apparatus.

The term of batting " whole rhythm " (entire rhythmics) is meant that during carrying out ball game with the batting apparatus coordination of the exercises in the whole motion sequence is carried out.

Each action of batting sequence, promptly prepare the rhythm of hitting that in device of the present invention, will programme, control and signal and report as mentioned above, be some actions as following (a) to (e), these actions all be can use when playing positive and negative handball (such as playing tennis):

(a) sportsman's original position that holds the batting instrument handle and racket are with respect to sportsman's angle that underarm keeps;

(b) show the direction and the distance of action backward, this action is subjected to the continuous control that sportsman's hand is done to guide to racket, and is subjected to sportsman's the continuous control of holding the handle mode;

(c) has the end in the stage of showing of adjustable timing control;

(d) has the beginning in the stage of batting forward of timing control; And

(e) carry out shot with impulse force or speed control.

Following action (f) to (k) is used for the service occasion as the sort of motion of tennis:

Original position when (f) sportsman holds the batting instrument handle;

(g) direction and the distance shown under those controls of in being similar to preamble, carrying out according to the situation of (b);

(h) show the end in stage and towards bouncing the transition stage of serving a ball downwards;

(i) has the beginning in the batting stage of timing control; And

(k) carry out the shot of serving a ball.

Since device of the present invention with microelectronic be characterized as the basis, so it can be installed in the very little space, preferably the batting apparatus (such as tennis racket) handle on or in the handle.

Favourable being characterised in that according to this device of the present invention might be come the adjusting program according to sportsman's out of the ordinary structoure of the human body.

Can believe, making according to device of the present invention for the first time might be in the whole rhythm of the ball game of using the batting apparatus, go to detect mistake by means of the microelectronic device that combines with signal transmit button system, sort signal transmit button system reports wrong execution in order to the control sportsman to the execution of the motion of batting apparatus with signal.

In the simplest embodiment according to the present invention, only control the whole rhythm motion sequence of forehand or backhand or only control service, this control is corresponding to the performed fixed routine of sportsman, and no matter the sportsman is right hand batting or left hand batting, in this embodiment, used IC chip device is a gate array chip.

Above-mentioned this situation is specially adapted to tennis.Be transformed into service with the racket that contains with good grounds device of the present invention from forehand or backhand and finish like this, promptly the sportsman is the position Rotate 180 of the racket in his hand when playing forehand or backhand °.Thereby the mode that the sportsman holds bat when playing forehand or backhand is identical.During all these actions, do not need operating switch fully.

In more perfect embodiment, the IC chip device is a chip microprocessor or comprises an analog-digital converter, can not only be used for calling a fixed routine according to this device of the present invention, and can also be used for the aforementioned movement sequence is programmed.

During the last stage of motion sequence, if any one stage is not departed from the program of prior input in all stages, then device sends out noticeable " well " signal, in addition, because device of the present invention can also comprise an electronic installation, when sportsman during a certain stage of motion sequence has made when departing from preset sequence wrong, this electronic installation can send out noticeable index signal.

These recoil simulators can be optics or beeper, they can be contained in the whole device in such a way, promptly signal only can be awared separately by student or teacher, perhaps also can be awared simultaneously by them.

Voice signal can be buzzer, musical sound or voice.

From be described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further object of the present invention and advantage will become apparent, in these accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is that this device is contained in the tennis racket handle neck area according to the lateral perspective of a preferred embodiment of device of the present invention.Arrow indication departs from correct position or the batting apparatus of holding bat and departs from correct guiding;

Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of installing shown in Fig. 1 has been removed the schematic top view behind the chassis lid;

Fig. 3 shows performed action sequence and timing control during some stage in the sequence of forehand action phase;

Performed action sequence and timing controlled during Fig. 4 was illustrated in some stage of serving a ball in the tennis;

Fig. 5 is the schematic circuit diagram of the embodiment of control device shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 shows the wiring situation below the circuit board that main electrical equipment shown in Fig. 2 is housed in the above;

Fig. 7 shows such at sportsman's whole forehand or during the backhand action sequence stage as shown in Figure 3, the pulse diagram of the logic state of various electronic components in the schematic circuit diagram of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 shows in order to produce the auxiliary circuit that there is the implementation status of a mistake in each stage that optical signalling goes to indicate the sportsman to move; And

Fig. 9 is shown schematically in another embodiment that is installed in the tennis racket handle according to device of the present invention (cabinet cover of removal device) in the perspective view mode.

Embodiment according to device of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 and 2 comprises: have removable lid or cover 11 cabinet 10.Cabinet 10 is contained in the tennis racket handle 2 of the racket head 1 with mesh near in the zone of racket neck 3.

Cabinet 10 is contained in the handle 2 or on the handle 2 in such a way, promptly when making right-handed sportsman when the original position of regulation is held bat for forehand or backhand, the lid 11 that covers above the circuit board 4 turns to right-hand side, sportsman's underarm should become 150 ° of angles with the longitudinal axis of racket handle 2 on this original position, and racket head 1 must be in upright position, and promptly wherein the racket net must extend in a vertical substantially plane.In the view of holding bat person, chassis lid 11 but be in he the right side, leave he and outside direction.The sportsman can be tilted to the left the top of racket head 1 slightly, as the arrow A among Fig. 1 marks.Like this, when sinistral sportsman held bat in identical mode, the lid 11 of cabinet 10 this means that still towards the right it is towards the sportsman.

Having illustrated among Fig. 2 becomes visible circuit board 4 after taking off chassis lid 11.Circuit board 4 has the longitudinal axis with racket handle 2 to coincide or the parallel with it at least basically longitudinal axis, and has two relative horizontal edge 4a and 4b and two longitudinal edge 4c and 4d.4a, 4b and 4c, 4d are transversal respectively and be parallel to the longitudinal axis of circuit board and extend.

The cabinet 10 of this device is contained in the handle 2 or on the handle 2 in such a way.The net that is circuit board and racket head extends in same plane, and horizontal edge 4a is near the side of racket head 1, and another horizontal edge 4b is set to the free end that is relying on racket handle 2, if holding from assigned position, sportsman's this moment claps the sequence of carrying out forehand or backhand action phase, then the limit 4c that extends in parallel with the longitudinal axis of racket handle 2 is exactly the top of circuit board, and corresponding vertically limit 4d is exactly the bottom of circuit board 4.

Following electronic component is housed on the outside face of circuit board 4:

An on-off switch 6, it preferably has the 3rd or control position c in addition, for example, if this device of verification wherein validity of battery 5 particularly, then switch 6 is switched on this position, recommends to use by Augert GmbH the MMS-25-R type switch that D-8000 M ü nchen sells;

A noticeable sender unit spare 9, it is a kind of device that sends audible signal under urgent occasion, for example, and by Endrich Vertriebs GmbH, the piezo-electric crystal Piezo-PCS type buzzer that D-7270 Nagold sells, its also available optical signal transmitter replaces;

A microchip 20, for example, can use No.9005-021 chip with following properties, minimum 1 volt, maximum 1 to 8 volt, 1 microampere of input current, 0.2 milliampere of maximum current, minimum 1 kilo hertz of frequency of oscillation, maximum 10 kilo hertzs, it is by Eurosil Electronic GmbH, and D-8057 Eching makes and sells;

A potentiometer 21, for example, the potentiometer of any resistance in 200 to 500 kilo-ohms of scopes recommends for example to use by Basco the No.3386 X-001-204 type potentiometer that D-8500 N ü rnberg sells;

An elongated mercoid switch 7, it has mercury body 8 and inner 7a is arranged and have outer end contact conductor 7b and 7c, that make the closing of contact and disconnection.This first mercoid switch 7 is to install like this, make the outer end that has contact conductor 7b and 7c than the more close circuit edges of boards 4a that passes across the circuit board longitudinal axis and extend of mercoid switch other end 7a, and make the longitudinal axis of elongated mercoid switch 7 and the angle of cut of the circuit board longitudinal axis be about 40 °, recommend to use for example by G ü nther GmbH the A167/2 type mercoid switch that D-8500 N ü rnberg sells;

One second elongated mercoid switch 17, it contains mercury body 18, and has interior contact lead-wire 17a ' and outer contacting lead-in wire 17b ', its interior switch terminals 17a is contained in the outside one side of circuit board, so that mercoid switch 17 meets at right angles with this face basically and protrudes upward, and recommends to use the No.2803 type mercoid switch of for example being sold by previously described G ü nther GmbH;

One the 3rd switch 12, it has an elongated tubulose magnet guide rail that is used for switching manipulation, wherein fill can be in tubular guide rail outside the permanent magnet body 13 that slides between (or backward) end 12a and interior (or forward) end 12b, there, permanent magnet has sucking action respectively to reed 15 and reed 14.This magnet guide rail (switch 12) is contained on the outside one side of circuit board 4, and its longitudinal axis is parallel to circuit board and extends, and with the angle of cut of the circuit board longitudinal axis into about 20 °, the inner 12b of guide rail 12 is than article one limit 4a of the more close circuit board of outer end 12a; As an example, recommend to use by Magnetfabrik Bonn, the No.4268-1 that D-5300 Bonn am Rhein sells is as permanent magnet body 13; This magnet becomes cylindrical shape, about 2.5 millimeters of diameter, about 8 millimeters of length; Permanent magnet towards the end of guide rail end 12b 2.5 millimeters of diameters are housed, by Denkhaus, the steel ball that D-8500 N ü rnberg sells; The permanent magnet physical efficiency is preferably 20 millimeters along the length of the rail sections of advancing;

One the 4th switch 22, it has an elongated tubulose magnet guide rail that is used for switching manipulation, wherein fill can be in tubular guide rail (backward) inner 22a and (forward) outer end 22b between the permanent magnet body 23 that slides; Zone line between them, 23 pairs of a pair of reeds 24 of permanent magnet and 25 have sucking action simultaneously.This magnet guide rail 22 is contained on the outside one side of circuit board 4, and its longitudinal axis is parallel to circuit board and extends, and with the angle of cut of the circuit board longitudinal axis into about 75 °, the outer end 22b of the guide rail of permanent-magnetic switching 22 is than article one limit 4a of the more close circuit board of inner 22a; For instance, in the most handy and the magnetic switch 12 magnet steel ball, same-type is housed like that; Yet under this occasion, the length of free guide rail is 18 millimeters, and the length of magnet body is 12 millimeters when not counting steel ball.

It is following listed to be contained in outwards one side, that its effect will further be set forth below other electrical equipment of circuit board 4:

An electric resistance array 26, it comprises that four 100 kilo-ohms resistance arranges by one of every row, and a public exit is arranged, and this resistance is by such as Neutronic Components, Frank Peter Neumann, D-8038 Groetenzell sells;

One first capacitor 27, its capacity is preferably the 10nF(millimicrofarad), recommend to use by Frank Elektronik GmbH the ceramic capacitor that 8500 N ü rnberg sell;

One second capacitor 28 is preferably the 2.2nF(millimicrofarad), can buy from same manufactory;

One first single resistance 29 is preferably 100 kilo-ohms, can buy from the same source of electric resistance array 26;

Power plant's coil 30, inductance value are preferably 20 to 30mH(and enjoy in the least), recommend to use An 25 or the AN 27 type inductance of for example selling by foregoing Endrich Vertiebs GmbH;

A transistor 31 is preferably emission type (emitting type), the BC 546A transistor npn npn of being sold by for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One second resistance 32 is preferably 10 kilo-ohms, is sold by for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One the 3rd resistance 33 is preferably 4.7 kilo-ohms, is sold by for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One first diode 34 is preferably a forward voltage drop less than 0.7 volt silicon diode, recommends to use 1N4148 or the 1N914 type of for example being sold by previously described Neutronic Components;

One the 3rd capacitor 35 is preferably the 47nF(millimicrofarad), sell by for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One second diode 36, the diode of available and diode 34 same types;

One the 3rd diode 37, the diode of available and diode 34 same-types;

One the 4th resistance 38 is preferably 680 kilo-ohms, can buy from for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One the 5th resistance 39; Be preferably 330 kilo-ohms, can buy from for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One the 4th capacitor 40 is preferably the tantalum electric capacity of 20 volts of 1.5 microfarads and forward voltages, but also can be the capacitor of 1 microfarad, 1 to 2.2 microfarad and 2.2 microfarads, can buy from for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One the 5th capacitor 41 is preferably the 10nF(millimicrofarad) and 50 volts of forward voltages or higher capacitor, can buy from for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One the 6th resistance 42 is preferably 820 kilo-ohms, can buy from for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One the 7th resistance 43 is preferably 1 megaohm, can buy from for example previously described Neutronic Components;

One the 6th capacitor 44, be preferably the 40nF(millimicrofarad), about 20 volts of forward voltage can have been bought from for example previously described Neutronic Components, as corresponding capacitor 40, the capacitor of also available 1 microfarad, 1 to 1.2 microfarad and 2.2 microfarads; And

One the 4th diode 45, be preferably to reduce to and be lower than 0.3 volt germanium diode, a kind of model among available Nos.AA112, AA113, AA115 or the BAT 41 that sells by for example previously described Neutronic Components when current strength forward voltage below 1 milliampere the time.

The Circuits System printed circuit as Fig. 5, particularly circuit board shown in Figure 64 bottom surfaces preferably of above-mentioned main switch element is used for interconnecting.To further set forth this Circuits System below.

Now describe briefly by each stage of controlling according to device of the present invention with reference to Fig. 3 and 4.

Fig. 3 shows during playing forehand and backhand, for complete some common stages of rhythm action.These stages are: leave original position (a), laterally backward, upwards or level show the stage (b), if batting correctly, then at as shown in Figure 3 time interval X ₁The planted agent finishes the stage (b), till the terminal point that reaches the stage of showing (c), terminal point (c) enters a rhythmical transition stage (d) afterwards, the stage of bouncing forward in the stage (d) must begin in the Y at interval in a regular time, go to finish forehand or backhand action by the stage of locating to begin at (e) of bouncing then, from (e), racket should be accelerated, behind certain hour, before running into ball Z just in point (m), racket is in the state of full shot, weakens the stage of bouncing gradually subsequently, just tenth skill in point (n).

Comprise from some stages of original position (f) beginning in the service shown in Fig. 4.When serving a ball with racket, racket must turn over 180 ° of angles, i.e. handle that makes right-handed sportsman must hold racket in such a way, make cover 11 and cover under printed circuit board (PCB) be in the inboard, In the view of the sportsman, lid 11 is towards him, rather than the sort of his the outside situation of leaving that can occur in moving as mentioned before.At time interval X ₂During this time, by downwards and following rhythmically upwards show (g), this time interval X ₂Finished during blink before racket is positioned at the sportsman behind position (h) locates, (h) locates in the position, and the sportsman begins rhythmically to carry out the transition to the stage of bouncing in the time of (i) point just, and racket should begin to quicken when time interval Y.Preferably should when finishing, time interval Y run into ball Z.Carry out the stage of bouncing (j) this moment, and during the stage (k), the sportsman weakens his shot.

Control device according to the present invention makes following situation become possibility, if promptly the froehand-backhand of front moves all stages and carries out satisfactorily, then during transition stage in (d), from the stage of bouncing just, just give the sportsman with a noticeable signal in the stage whole bouncing, preferably from the buzzer of this device, send a continuous sound, and last till till the end (n) that weakens the stage.Equally, whole bouncing the stage (j) with will be during weakening the stage (k) to the sportsman with so noticeable signal.

No matter also might when, as long as each stage does not correctly carry out and provides temporary signal in the time of will or finishing during these stages, make the sportsman can manage to improve his action, until he receives " well " signal when the stage of bouncing begins forward till.

According to another characteristics of the present invention, magnetic switch 12 and 22 contains with their permanent magnet 13 and 23 combines respectively and increases the weight of device, such as steel ball 13a and 23a(Fig. 2).Closed or when opening the reed 14,15 that interrelates with magnetic switch or 24 and 25 when magnet, no matter magnet is from the inner to the outer end position or opposite, always these balls play acceleration to magnet.Particularly, they help to overcome because the caused magnet of influence " adhesion " phenomenon in their guide rails of contiguous reed suction.

According to various switches used in the device of the present invention must be " elongated ", the implication here is: in order to be switched on or switched off circuit, connect mercury that circuit uses or magnet or other similar elements must first and second position, the 3rd or more position between by straight line or curvilinear rows approach through certain-length, and under the situation of mercoid switch 17, in order to connect circuit, mercury body 18 must move to from any end position of switch glass tube on one the 3rd middle middle position of end positions.

They are parts of magnetic switch 12 and 22 for magnetic switch guide rail 12 and 22() respectively can be from ± 10 ° to ± 20 ° approximately of above-mentioned best angle changes with the longitudinal axis angulation of circuit board 4.

The function of four kinds of main switch elements

Now will set forth the various functions that four kinds of main switch elements above-mentioned can be finished, these switch elements are:

-mercoid switch 7,

-mercoid switch 17,

-comprise the 3rd switch element of magnet guide rail (12) (it is the part of magnetic switch 12) and permanent magnet body 13 and reed 14 and 15.And

-comprise the 4th switch element of magnetic conductance rail (22) (it is the part of magnetic switch 22) and permanent magnet body 23 and two reeds 24 and 25.

(I) mercoid switch 7 can be finished following function:

(1) on the angle between racket handle 2 and the sportsman's underarm is about 150 ° correct original position, mercury body 8 is in the 7a place, position of switch 7, be that at this moment this switch disconnects because between the contact conductor 7b of switch opposite end and 7c conduction connect.

(2) if the angle between racket handle 2 and sportsman's underarm is too big, for example, 200 ° to 250 °, then mercury 8 will be gone to its opposite end from the 7a of switch 7, promptly have the end of contact conductor 7b and 7c, and incite somebody to action Closing Switch 7 prematurely.Even the sportsman began any show the stage before, time interval X ₁Just carry out, and the whole action control of this device will get muddled beginning.

(3) if angle above-mentioned is too little, for example 90 ° (flower bouquet position: the bouquet position), then at least in the beginning in the stage of showing, also possible cephalocaudal whole showing in the stage, mercury body 8 will remain on the end position 7a place of switch 7, and time interval X ₁Carry out too lately with beginning or do not carry out.

When (4) playing forehand and backhand, the function of mercoid switch 7 is identical.During laterally showing the stage (b), mercury body 8 is moved to end position 7b, 7c and makes switch closure by centrifugal force.If show is vertically upward, and then switch 7 can be not closed.

(5) at unbroken rhythmical transition period, mercury body 8 will be stayed the switch closed position that makes contact conductor 7b and 7c cross-over connection, and will stay in this position during bouncing forward whole.

(6) when still at time interval X ₁When interior, showing finish and beginning transition stage (d) before, action is interrupted as rhythm, can cause then that mercury body 8 falls to turn back to position 7a and cut-off switch 7, so may there not be " well " signal.

Even forehand or backhand bounce the stage forward after, and the service finished during, buzzer will continue sounding, till the sportsman makes racket turn back to original position and holds bat when making racket be roughly 150 ° correct angle with respect to sportsman's underarm once again.

(II) mercoid switch 17 is suitable for distinguishing following various situation:

(ⅰ) the correct execution of forehand stroke:

-forehand stroke comprises that from showing of correctly holding bat the net of racket head 1 extends or extends by the position of doing slightly to tilt when correctly holding bat, and makes its top have the direction shown in the arrow A (Fig. 1) on the upright position.Mercury body 18 in switch 17 is on inner end positions 17a.

During-the transition stage in time interval Y, mercury body 18 floats to the outside end position 17b in opposite, reports the signal that stage of bouncing forward begins thereby send one, and at this moment racket head 1 and net wherein still are held in the correct position.

-(e) to (m) is whole bounce forward during, mercury body 18 will rest on the outer end position 17b of switch 17, till the terminal point (n) that reaches the stage of bouncing behind the percussion ball.

(ⅱ) incorrect a little forehand stroke:

Beginning and whole showing the stage, the sportsman remains on the net that makes wherein with racket head 1 and is positioned at a plane of slightly departing from vertical plane, and its offset direction is (Fig. 1) as shown by arrow B.Originally mercury body 18 shifts to position 17b in the switch 17, and, showing under the action action of centrifugal force, mercury body 18 enters a labile state between end position 17a and 17b, and send " rustle (swish) " signal (this is because irregular interrupting pulse), it has blocked sending of " well " signal.

(ⅲ) highly incorrect forehand stroke:

From initial and/or whole showing the stage, the sportsman remains on racket head 1 on the net that makes wherein and extends in the direction towards arrow B (Fig. 1) departs from a plane of vertical plane greatly, and make it move on to inner end positions 17a because centrifugal force is not enough to offset the inertia of mercury body 18, so mercury body 18 is stably stationed at outer end position 17b place, so that during time interval Y, do not send the signal that shows that stage of bouncing forward begins, thereby and can not send " well " signal.

(ⅳ) correct backhand:

-correct original position under on this occasion requires racket head 1 to remain on a kind of like this state, and promptly the net in the racket head 1 extends in a vertical plane, or departs from this plane a little and the top that makes net tilts slightly towards the direction of arrow B (Fig. 1).On this original position, mercury body 18 is positioned at outer end position 17b, and keeps same state in the whole stage of showing.

-in transition stage, mercury body 18 floats to position 17a, the signal that the stage of bouncing forward that expression of transmission has acceleration in time interval Y begins.

-whole bounce the stage forward during, mercury body 18 resides in end position 17a, till this finishes in stage in point (m) behind the percussion ball.

(ⅴ) slight incorrect backhand:

Show the stage from initial sum is whole, the racket net is not to be maintained in the vertical level, but the top of net tilts slightly towards the direction of arrow A (Fig. 1).Showing under the stage action of centrifugal force, mercury body 18 enters a labile state between end position 17a and 17b, and rustles signal and stop the signal that sends " well ".

(ⅵ) highly incorrect backhand:

Original position and/or whole showing in the stage, the sportsman holds bat by this way, and promptly vertical plane is departed from widely towards the direction of arrow A (Fig. 1) in the top of racket net.It is stable that mercury body 18 keeps on end position 17a, and by showing centrifugal force deficiency that action produces so that mercury body 18 is shifted to the end position 17b in the switch 17.Therefore, during time interval Y, will not send the signal that beginning is bounced in indication forward, thereby and will not send " well " signal during bouncing the stage forward whole.

The flowability of mercury can be regulated according to experience by mercoid switch manufacturing firm in switch 7 or 17 the glass bulb body, makes both to have kept the net of racket head to be in the correct plane, again can be in conjunction with different sportsmen's the different centrifugal force situation that action produces of showing.

(III) magnet guide rail (12) and reed 14 and 15

(1) on correct original position, permanent magnet 13 is positioned at the 12a place, position to the back-end of magnet guide rail (12), and with reed 15 closures.

(2) no matter be forehand or backhand action, the stage of showing should not carry out too soon, so when racket marked high-order ring or horizontal loops during showing, magnet 13 resided in the end position 12a that makes reed 15 closures; Show action should be slower than subsequently bounce action forward.In a period of transition, if carry out rhythmically, then during time interval Y, do not change, up to bouncing beginning forward, make racket be tending towards at full speed acceleration with magnet body 13 in guide rail (12) forward and till being moved upwards up to end position 12b, on this position, reed 14 closures, reed 15 is opened.

Just begin in the past at time interval Y if bounce forward just, then the acceleration of racket comes too late, and the racket net will not be to remove the percussion ball with speed of the best and power.

Although the sportsman is in one's hands during racket, its angle with respect to vertical plane is correct, and upwards or level also be correct to laterally showing of side, if carry out too soon but show forward, then consequent centrifugal force will enough make magnet 13 move forward, and remove to open reed 15 and closed reed 14.If the closure of reed 14 occurs in time interval X ₁When not passing by as yet, then will not produce " well " signal.

If the ring of showing be downwards rather than level to other or upwards, then same situation will take place.

(IV) magnetic switch 22 and reed 24 and 25

(1) on correct original position, permanent magnet 23 resides in the end position 22b place of switch 22, and with reed 24 and 25 both closures.

(2) no matter the sportsman does that forehand bounces or backstroke, during showing and in subsequently transition stage with bounce forward in the stage, will remain unchanged in the position of switch 22 internal magnets 23, and reed 24 and 25 is still closed.No matter do forehand action or do the backhand action, and no matter these actions do correctness, the position of magnet 23 will remain unchanged, reed 24 and 25 all remains closed ((e) among Fig. 7 and (f) go) in institute is free.

(3) correct service:

In order to serve a ball, the sportsman must turn over the racket handle in his hand 180 ° of angles.Therefore, on the original position of service, permanent magnet 23 is on the end position 22a of switch 22, and reed 24 and 25 is all opened.On the position of this counter-rotating, circuit inserts different capacitors, and these capacitors will be as below will further setting forth, and time interval X has automatically prolonged ₂From the original position of service, the sportsman can carry out usually as going up of pendulum and put and bottom action, and racket head 1 refers generally to downwards.Between moving period, the mercury 8 in the switch 7 is shifted to the end position relative with end 7a at this bottom, and there, mercury is connected the circuit between contact conductor 7b and 7c.This makes time interval X ₂Begin to carry out.Then, the sportsman makes progress continuously rhythmically and swings racket backward, and do not stop bat is descended behind from him, thereby, to cross under the right situation about takeing in sportsman's right hand arrival, control device points to sportsman's head.At time interval X ₂Before past back and time interval Y begin to carry out, racket should be positioned at sportsman's behind, make and on subsequently, put during (Fig. 4), the guide rail of switch 22 changes to an opposite position, guide rail one end 22b is become than low side, and permanent magnet 23 will move into end position 22b and close reed 24 and 25.This makes buzzer 9 send " well " signal, and this signal will ring always and to the sportsman racket be turned back to original position.

(4) mistake during the service:

If during service is shown, racket highest position or before this sportsman hesitate and the racket that stops, then the mercury body 8 in the switch 7 will be shifted to end position 7a under the effect of centrifugal force and/or gravity, and switch 7 will be opened.So will there not be " well " signal to send.

If racket is not to drop to sportsman position behind, but the sportsman passes through racket from the position that flushes with his head, and bounces downwards immediately and serve a ball, and then magnet 23 remains on 22a place, position, and can not closed reed 24 and 25, thereby can not send " well " signal.

Now will be to earlier in respect of figures 3 and 4 and under " control position ", to the function of all switches during the forehand of making general description and backhand and the service, do holistic description; This " control position " is meant the validity (Operativeness) of sportsman's experimental evidence control device of the present invention.

A. effective control position

In this position, a supposition makes right-handed sportsman that racket handle 2 is held in his right hand, and makes arm free sagging from right side shoulder.At this place, control position, moved on to control position that binding post 6.1a and 6.2a cross-over connection are got up at on-off switch 6 after, mercury 8 in mercoid switch 7 is positioned on its outer end position forward, the circuit between this position mercury 8 closed contact conductor 7b and 7c; In addition, the mercury 18 in switch 17 is connected across the contact conductor 17a of this switch and the central space between the 17b, and makes closing of circuit.On this position, the magnet 13 in the first magnet guide rail (12) is positioned at 12a place, outer position under himself weight effect; At position 12a place, reed 15 closures, thereby the circuit between closed battery 5 and the buzzer 9, buzzer is sounded a buzzer continuously, and it is effectively work that the expression battery has enough voltage and entire circuit.The sportsman is existing by means of potentiometer 21, with the method for the capacitance of regulating circuit very first time interval X is set, as will be described further below.

B. during the forehand action, show and bounce forward

B.1. original position:

The sportsman now takes general original position, and in this position, sportsman's the bottom right arm and the angle of racket handle 2 are about 40 ° to 55 °, are preferably 45 °.In this original position, the net of racket head 1 extends in a vertical plane.The sportsman must live racket handle 2 by this state recognizing.The circuit board 4 that electrical equipment is housed near handle neck 3, outer face just is in vertical position basically, and towards the right side away from sportsman's direction.Switch 6 should move on to " connection " position.

If racket grips by desirable state when original position, make that the net in the head 1 accurately vertically extends, then the mercury 18 in the mercoid switch 17 is at the inboard of switch and the zone line between the outer fix.Also allow the upper part of the net of racket head to do very slight inclination left, this inclination is enough just shifts to the inner end positions of switch to the mercury in the mercoid switch 17 18, promptly with respect to sportsman's position, the left side.

B.2. show the stage:

The sportsman is existing upwards and backward or flatly to put racket backward.When showing the action beginning in a flash, mercury 8 in mercoid switch 7 is subjected to action of centrifugal force and moves on to its outer position forward, thereby make switch (contact conductor 7b and 7c) closure, and show the stage whole, rest on this position, make mercoid switch 7 signal to microchip 20 and report pendulum and reverse and begin, and make fixed time interval X carry out (consulting the row (a) among Fig. 7).

In case the stage of showing begins, first permanent magnet 13 in the first magnet guide rail (12) rests on its outer position 12a, closed reed 15, and in during whole action, because the inertia of mercury 18, it will rest on the inner end position 17a place of mercoid switch 17, and cut-out is made the circuit of buzzer 9 work, thereby not send " well " signal (row among Fig. 7 (c) and (a)).

B.3. towards the transition of preceding bouncing:

Towards the transition period that preceding bounces, mercury 18 moves to outer position from inner position in mercoid switch 17, and when Closing Switch momently, send one forward the signal that begun of action give microchip 20.Showing backward when being about to finish, must the termination time X at interval, and, begin a new time interval Y of weak point by microchip 20.If the correctly mobile racket of sportsman then should send the signal that beginning is bounced forward by mercoid switch 17 during time interval Y.If signal take place too early (promptly during time interval X) or take place too lately (being that time interval Y crosses), then the sportsman move wrong, promptly in this stage (row of Fig. 7 (d)) or action is too fast, or too slow.

When the stage of showing finished, slow motion got off and becomes counteragent by rhythm backward, bounced forward towards the direction that normally makes progress from a lower height (Fig. 3 (3)) beginning.

B.4. bounce the stage forward:

During forward bounces, racket must be accelerated, two mercury bodies all move under centrifugal action, and the mercury 8 in the mercoid switch 7 rests on the outer position forward that makes switch closure, and the mercury 18 in vertical mercoid switch 17 is shifted to its outer end position 17b.Simultaneously, if action is carried out enough soon forward, then the magnet 13 in the first magnet guide rail (12) will respond, be the inertia that magnet 13 will overcome it, under action of centrifugal force, move forward, and when reed 15 was opened, reed 14 will be the closing of circuit between battery 5 and the buzzer 9.During keeping travelling forward, if all correctly carry out (row of Fig. 7 (b) and (c)) forward in the transition stage of showing He bouncing of this front, carry out with the speed of foot energy as long as then travel forward, buzzer is with regard to sounding always.

B.5. Cuo Wu detection:

Following those mistakes of now brief overview having been got in touch each switch and having described are because they may occur in the action of describing under title B the front; They can hinder sending of " well " signal sound or optics.

(a) original position is made mistakes, and the angle between sportsman's underarm and racket handle 2 is too big, thereby the head of racket is when too low, will cause inner end positions that the mercury 8 in mercoid switch 7 should occupy from it only go to should be when showing the action beginning its shared position.At this moment, time interval X will begin too early (the position D among Fig. 1).

(b) to hold bat too steep as the sportsman, promptly he underarm and the angle between the racket handle 2 too hour, 7 pairs of mercoid switches are shown the reaction that motion will make and will be hindered, free in mercury 8 be left on inner, the end position place backward of switch 7.

(c) when the angle on the top of the racket head portion 1 that catches in sportsman's hand departs to the right with respect to vertical plane shown in arrow B among Fig. 1 like that, because mercury 18 will flow to the right-hand lay 17b in the outside in mercoid switch 17, so vertical mercoid switch 17 just will respond too early, and racket still is in original position or is showing between moving period at this moment.

(d) when the speed of showing action is too high (this speed always should less than the speed of bouncing forward subsequently), the time remaining of promptly showing action gets too short.So that during the transition stage that just begins to bounce forward before time interval X is ended, mercoid switch 17 will send signal, be illustrated in during the time interval X and just during afterwards the time interval Y, the acceleration of bouncing forward begins.Also have, magnetic switch 12 and 13 also may respond too soon.

(e) during showing action, when racket head 1 reduces rather than keeps on the same level height at least, will cause magnet 13 to respond, shift to its inner, forward facing position prematurely, this position just enters during should bouncing forward subsequently.

(f) after the stage of showing finishes, and the transition of bouncing forward comes too lately, and promptly Ji Qiu rhythm is interrupted, and then the magnet 13 in the switch 12 moves forward, and closed the day after the fair reed 14, and is promptly only just closed after time interval Y has finished.Bouncing forward of sportsman do not reach or crosses the late required speed that just reaches.

(g) if showing action is interrupted or is not to carry out by essential power, then centrifugal force might deficiency it is outer so that mercoid switch 7 interior mercurys 8 remain on, make on the position of switch closure forward.

During the stage of showing as shown in Figure 3, have only and correctly grip racket handle 2, move on to accurately the net of racket head 1 in the vertical plane or shown in arrow A among Fig. 1 like that slightly in the plane of canting, and correctly tilt on this plane in period in the stage of showing of backhand, just can make switching system be in stable " zero-signal " position.

C. backhand

Original position and show, identical when hitting forehand of transition and all stages of bouncing forward, have only mercoid switch 17 just this two classes batting to be distinguished, as preamble in conjunction with the effect of this switch described.

D. service

With reference to the previous description of 4 pairs of services in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, now be illustrated in during the service switch element to the response condition of action sequence.

On the position of the circuit board face down that causes by the service original position, mercury 8 in the mercoid switch 7 should still be in its 7a place, inner position, and the permanent magnet 23 in the second magnet guide rail of switch 22 has moved down into relative guide rail end 22a in the effect of its deadweight, thereby opens reed 24 and 25.Thereby, start the service program automatically.The original position of racket as shown in Figure 4, and is slightly different with Fig. 3.

When reed 24 and 25 was opened by magnet 23, mercoid switch 7 also was activated, and sent one and make time interval X ₂The signal of beginning is given microchip 20.Time interval X ₂Begin to carry out, and because showing in the service should be than forehand or backhand longer, so by increasing the capacitance X that automatically prolongs ₂Because racket is from downwards then move up (Fig. 4 (g)) during service is shown, and once more down to the sportsman behind, so mercury 8 moves on to their relative end positions once more with magnet 23.After showing whole 3, time interval X ₂Finish, and racket should be in sportsman behind (Fig. 4 (h)).At this moment Y automatically begins the time interval.Show in the stage towards the service of a sportsman position behind at racket, racket is flapped toward downward again, and magnet 23 moves in guide rail (22) and goes to drive reed 24 and 25.Simultaneously, mercury 8 in mercoid switch 7, move on to it inner, to upper/lower positions, and in doing so, send out one and bounce the signal of (Fig. 4 (i)) beginning downwards.

For batting correctly, rhythmical subsequently the bouncing downwards of racket must begin during time interval Y, bounce in the process at this, mercury 8 and magnet 23 holding position under the action of centrifugal force influence is constant, mercury 18 in vertical mercoid switch 17 is then shifted to the outer end 17b of switch 17, and sends to the signal of " stage of bouncing of service has begun and carried out " downwards for microchip 20.Magnet 13 in the first magnet guide rail (12) resides in its forward facing position 12b place, makes reed 14 closures.So, bounce during the downward action in stage buzzer 9 signal of sounding in service.If during serving a ball whenever the sportsman makes a mistake, then will not have such signal to send.Above-mentioned mistake can be following these:

(a) original position is incorrect.For example, racket top does not turn over shown in arrow D among Fig. 1 like that fully, and/or be retained a too big angle between racket handle 2 and the sportsman's underarm, the mercury 8 in the mercoid switch 7 may be in its 7b place, outer position (consulting previously described I(2) joint).

(b) show in the excessive side direction shown in arrow E among Fig. 1 or F during the stage is shown in service, rather than the comparatively downward motion shown in Fig. 4 arrow V, will cause the stage of showing too short, reed 24 and 25 will be at time interval X ₂Driven by magnet 23 before the termination, and this driving of reed 24 and 25 is occur in during the slower time interval Y.

(c), consequently fail to drive reed 24 and 25 not behind not racket head 1 guiding sportsman.

(d) be directed to the action of showing that sportsman's upwards having interrupted between shaking peroid before behind served a ball at racket head 1, consequently: or mercoid switch 7 opens, promptly mercury 8 will be shifted to its inner position 7a; Or because the rhythm that service is shown is insufficient, time interval X ₂Too short.

(e) if remain on the sportsman behind and racket head 1 down the time when racket, the sportsman hesitates or postpones and bouncing the stage, and then reed 24 and 25 may be driven too lately by magnet 23, just is driven after the time interval, Y was over and done with.

(f) on the original position of a mistake, the sportsman has gripped the handle 2 of racket in such a way, the top that is racket head 1 tilts to such an extent that go too far in the direction of arrow A (Fig. 1), and mercoid switch 7 and magnetic switch 22 will be not in previously described their tram, be mercury 8 at position 7a, and magnet 23 is at position 22a.

In Fig. 5, door I ₁, I ₂, I ₃, I ₅, I ₆And I ₂₀For with door, the door I ₄And I ₇For or the door (phase inverter).Electronic component I ₁₈And I ₁₉Be field-effect transistor (FET), be preferably insulated gate, enhancement mode, single raceway groove, have the P type slot field-effect transistor of drawing the substrate line.

Trigger FF1 is by door I ₉And I ₁₀Constitute, trigger FF2 is by door I ₁₁And I ₁₂Constitute, and trigger FF3 is by door I ₁₅And I ₁₆Constitute.

Multivibrator comprises the not gate I as its part ₁₇, field-effect transistor I ₁₈And I ₁₉And with door I ₂₀With not gate I ₂₁, they are serially connected in from field-effect transistor I ₁₈Draw substrate and chip pin 20 ₁₄Between (pin 14 of chip 20).

In Fig. 7, various electronic components showed to be in logic state 0 or 1 respectively in more following times:

T ₀=leave correct original position, begin the time of forehand or backhand action sequence; Time interval X ₁Beginning;

T ₁=the concluding time is X at interval ₁And the time of time started interval Y;

T ₂=mercoid switch 17 sends the time that forehand bounces commencing signal;

T ₃=forehand quickens and magnet 13 is moved, and opens the time of reed 15 and closed reed 14; Begin to send " well " signal;

T ₄The time of=time interval Y termination, at this moment mercoid switch 17 will send a signal and comes too late;

T ₅=weakening when bouncing forward the time that the stage stops, racket is lowerd and is turned back to original position.

The logic state of the following electronic component of the row among Fig. 7 (a) to (n) expression:

Row (a): mercoid switch 7

Row (b): reed 14

Row (c): reed 15

Row (d): mercoid switch 17

Row (e): reed 24

Row (f): reed 25

Row (g): the door I of chip 20 the insides ₃Output

Row (h): door I ₂Input; Chip input 20 ₅With 20 ₆( pin 5 and 6 of chip 20)

Row (i): door I ₂Output

Row (j): trigger FF1

Row (k): trigger FF2

Row (l): trigger FF3

Row (m): door I ₄And I ₅Public input; Chip input 20 ₁₁

(pin 11 of chip 20)

Row (n): door I ₂₁Output; Chip output 20 ₁₄(pin 14 of chip 20).

The type of used door symbol (consulting bulletin (the International Electro-Technical Commission Publication) 113-7 of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 1981) by appointment is shown among Fig. 5.

Set forth the working condition of schematic circuit diagram among Fig. 5 with reference to being shown in component in Fig. 2 and 6 and the timing chart of wiring and Fig. 7.

(k) original position:

On original position, switch 6 reaches " connection ", i.e. binding post 6.1.C and d and 6.2.C and d closure.On this original position of control device, reed 15,24 and 25 closures and mercoid switch 7 and 17 and reed 14 open (row of Fig. 7 (a)-(f)).

Pull down resistor 26b, c, d and e, resistance 32, respectively by diode 34 and 37, and resistance 42, all chip inputs are pulled to electronegative potential (zero potential), i.e. interior door I ₁To I ₇Output be logical zero (low).Therefore, by door I ₉And I ₁₀The trigger FF1 that constitutes is that set and resetting is got ready, and by door I ₁₁And I ₁₂The trigger FF2 that constitutes is by inverse gate I ₈, promptly be reset by its output that is in logical one (positive voltage) (being that it is output as logical one).Thereby, by door I ₁₅And I ₁₆The trigger FF3 that constitutes is reset, and trigger FF3 is output as logical one, like this, causes by two field-effect transistors (FET) I ₁₈And I ₁₉And door I ₁₇, I ₂₀And I ₂₁The multivibrator of forming is blocked (capable j, k, l and the n of Fig. 7).

(L) show the beginning in stage, forehand or backhand are played ball:

The mercoid switch 7 closures (time T of Fig. 7 capable (a) ₀), and capacitor 40 by resistance 38 and 39 and potentiometer 21 be recharged reed 24 closures, and at 40 charging interval of capacitor X ₁After, door I ₃Become the logical one state (time T of Fig. 7 capable (g) ₁).As time interval X ₁Past, the back was in time T ₁The time be added to an I from the voltage of switch 7 ₃Output.During the time interval Y that is following, if switch 7 must be opened owing to grip racket mistakenly and be closed once more, then time interval Y can be interrupted and restart when this situation takes place.Therefore, should keep continuous and rhythmical action opens to prevent switch 7.

As the result who correctly plays ball, produce following situation simultaneously:

-trigger FF2 is that set is got ready;

-trigger FF1 is set, so door I ₁₅For passing through from door I ₁A pulse get ready;

-Men I ₃Rising edge by capacitor 41(Fig. 7 capable (h), time T ₁) be sent to an I ₂, with capacitor 44 chargings.Time interval Y begins (to consult the time T of Fig. 7 capable (i) ₁).During time interval Y, door I ₂Be held constant,, determining capacitor from door I at this ₂Discharge time (Fig. 7 capable (i), time T ₄) capacitor 44 and resistance 43, formed this time interval Y.During time interval Y, reed switch 17 must by means of a pulse with trigger FF2 set (Fig. 7 capable (d) and (k), time T ₂).

Reed 15 must rest on logic state 1(admittance) (Fig. 7 capable (c), time T ₂), after switch 17 sends pulse, otherwise just do not have pulse.When reed 14 is closed, reed 15 will open (Fig. 7 capable (b) and (c), time T ₃).

Importantly reed 25 to remain on logic state 1(be admittance); If not so, then switch 17 in time T ₂Just can not send needed pulse (Fig. 7 relatively goes (d) and (f), and consults Fig. 5).Because time interval X ₁Length depend on the state (promptly whether closed) of reed 24, so reed 24 must closed (logic state 1), but its state can not influence the function of switch 17.

As trigger FF2 during by this pulse set, trigger FF3 will be for by a door I ₁₄Come set and get ready, and will in time interval Y, become the logical zero state.Reed 14 is sent one by door I then ₁And I ₁₃And be sent to the logical one signal of trigger FF3; Trigger FF3 just is set, thereby multivibrator work, sends buzzing or chirp (Fig. 7 capable (b), (l) and (n), time T ₃).

If the logic state in chip input 10 and 11 is not at logic state 0(Fig. 7 capable (m)), then trigger FF2 can be in time T ₃In time, respond to the closure of reed 14, (Fig. 7 capable (b) and (l), time T ₃), thereby can not drop to logic state 0, and multivibrator can not worked.

(M) error source:

(a) when beginning:

Switch 1/7 is at time X ₁After mercoid switch 7 closures, be driven before.From the pulse of switch 17 by diode 36, be stored, and by a door I by means of capacitor 35 ₄And I ₇FF1 resets with trigger.Therefore, door I ₁₃Be blocked, and can not be with FF3 set, and thereby will not send " well " signal.

(b) interruption during forehand or the backhand action will cause sending pulse by mercoid switch 17, and mercoid switch 7 also will be opened, and time interval X ₁To restart to carry out.

(c) racket head 1 is held too low:

Reed 15 will be opened prematurely prior to zero hour of time interval Y, thereby not have pulse can send (further consulting " mistake (a) " joint) from mercoid switch 17.

(d) racket head 1 is allowed to directed downwards, thus reed 25 open, and the driving of switch 17 is cancelled.

(e) vertical plane is departed from widely by arrow B direction (Fig. 1) in the top of net in the racket head 1.The inertia of mercury 18 will stop and send during time interval Y directly by a door I in switch 17 ₈And I ₇Pulse, promptly trigger FF2 is not set and trigger FF3 hold reset.

(f) stage of showing carries out too soon:

This causes and the identical result of " mistake (c) " joint.

(N) service

Control device is transferred to the position that faces down, so that mercoid switch 17 is inoperative in control, and reed 24 and 25 is opened; Consequently, because capacitor 40 only no longer charges (reed 24 is opened) by resistance 39 by resistance 38 and potentiometer 21, so time interval X ₂Will be longer.Showing when beginning, mercoid switch 7 is closure, and as top as described in (L) joint, same working condition is repeated.

Prerequisite:

When trigger FF1 is set, at time interval X ₂Reed 25 must be closed during this time; At time interval X ₂During this time, reed 25 will be by door I ₅Send a pulse, at this moment door I ₅By means of X from mercoid switch 7 ₂Time signal and getting ready, this pulse send with signal logic 1 in time interval Y, and by a door I ₈And arrive trigger FF2, thereby with its set; So trigger FF3 is with identical operations sequence in showing with forehand or backhand, to passing through a door I ₁₄And set is ready, and will be in time interval Y closed reed 14, send a signal logic 1 then, by door I ₁And I ₁₃Be sent to trigger FF3, so with its set, multivibrator is just work at that time, sends buzzing or chirp.

(O) control work:

In switch 6, binding post 6.2.a is the same as with 6.1.a and b with b cross-over connection, and like this, switch 6 is closed and is used for controlling.Mercoid switch 7 is just closed, generation as top in the same consequence described in (L) joint, and at time interval X ₁After the end, from door I ₁Signal logic 1 by a position of the switch 6.2.a and a door I ₈With trigger FF2 set, produce a reset level there, and trigger FF3 will be reset, thereby and be that new set is ready, and door I ₁Logical one can by the door I ₁₅With trigger FF3 set.

In Fig. 5 and 8, symbol I, II, III and IV show at these some magnitudes of voltage of some place and often take place.Thereby,

The pulse voltage value that " I " expression is produced when connecting contact conductor 7b and 7c when switch 7 closures;

That " II " expression occurs through pin 8 places of the integrated circuit 20 of being everlasting and t _y(being time interval Y) corresponding magnitude of voltage;

" III " is illustrated in the magnitude of voltage that contact sound produced at the 17b place, position " rustling " of mercoid switch; And

" IV " is illustrated in pin 2 places of integrated circuit 20, with time interval t _X(being X) corresponding magnitude of voltage.

This (utilizing these magnitudes of voltage) will allow for the malfunction that is produced by the sportsman best memory and memory are arranged in the sequence process in the various stages that preamble described in detail of execution.

When showing the action beginning, by means of closed mercoid switch 7(Fig. 7) positive pulse that produced, by binding post I(Fig. 5) and potentiometer 50(Fig. 8) triggering one-shot multivibrator (monoflop) 51, in case the time interval X that regulates by potentiometer 52 in the past after, one-shot multivibrator 51 just produces a negative pulse, will remember trigger reset to " zero " state.

In addition, the positive pulse that is produced by mercoid switch 7 above-mentioned is used as the memory pulse of binding post III place magnitude of voltage.Showing when beginning action, holding malfunction that bat constitutes by mistake will be by means of LED 1(Fig. 8) send signal.Rising edge in the place's pulse of binding post III then will utilize d type flip flop 53,54 and 55 to go the magnitude of voltage at pair of wire connection terminals IV place to remember again, and d type flip flop 53,54 and 55 LED 1, LED2 and LED3 separately will represent the position that racket head 1 reverses during showing action.

Cause trigger 55 to remove to remember magnitude of voltage at the trailing edge of binding post III place's pulse at binding post II place.The magnitude of voltage of a mistake will cause making LED 3 luminous, and this is used for representing " showing action interrupts " signal.

Do not needed to be observed by the sportsman by LED1,2 and 3 visible signals of sending, may cause his action to make mistakes because do like this, but can be observed by the teacher, he will know thus that his student made mistakes wherein.

In being shown in the embodiment according to device of the present invention of Fig. 9, the cabinet 120 of device is to be contained in the racket handle 2 by the mode identical with embodiment shown in Fig. 1.Take off chassis lid, can see the one side that circuit board 125 is outside.

Microprocessor and analog-digital converter 127(are known);

Reed switch 128, it has two kinds of functions, promptly

(a) the catch position of racket head portion 1 and original position of sportsman programmed and controlled,

(b) service being shown action programmes with initial position thus;

A magnet 129 movably, it drives reed 128;

Reed switch 130 is used for the speed of showing action, the speed of showing and batting is programmed and controlled, and deposits any interruption situation of rhythmical forehand or backhand or service.

A magnet 131, it is used to drive reed 130;

A tension spring 132, it returns to its original position with magnet 131, and limits its stroke;

A buzzer 133, it sends and reports the correct or wrong voice signal of carrying out of action;

One first reed switch 134 is used between the tour of shot racket handle gripping situation being programmed and controlling showing;

One second reed switch 137, it is same that it plays reed switch 134;

A magnet 135, it drives reed switch 134 and 137;

A guide rail 136 that is used on the magnet 135;

Several reed switches 138, be used for when forehand stroke begun show action and the action of bouncing is subsequently programmed and is controlled (this is making right-handed sportsman's situation, and for sinistral sportsman, the function of reed has opposite meaning);

A magnet 139, it drives reed switch 138:

A compression spring 140, its limits the stroke of magnet 139, and it is returned to original position;

Several reed switches 141, when being used for to backhand showing action and the action of bouncing is subsequently programmed and is controlled (consulting previously described relevant note of using the sportsman of the right hand and left hand).

A magnet 142, it drives reed switch 141;

A compression spring 143, its limits the stroke of magnet 142, and it is returned to its original position;

A selector switch 144, it is transformed into control with programming, or will control transitions to programming conversely; And

A switch 145, it is controlled at the normal programmed sequence in the shot.

Programming and control to the program execution

To comprise the chip microprocessor 127 of optional memory (analog-digital converter in circuit for example arranged according to the present invention), this device is programmable to the everything sequence, these action sequences schematically are drawn in Fig. 3 and 4, and the execution of this device and energy control program and signalling are reported the sportsman and correctly or mistakenly carried out action sequence.Particularly, program can be sent into memory, can also consider sportsman's structoure of the human body situation then and controls this program implementation.Chip microprocessor Eurotechnigue ET2 9411 can be used as this chip microprocessor.

During making right-handed sportsman carry out the forehand action, stage of showing that (a) locates begin notify chip 20 so that handle with signal, consequently produced a signal from mercoid switch 17 in time interval Y in time, this situation is recorded in the memory equally.All subsequently in electronic circuit aforesaid variation all similarly be recorded in the memory.In the action sequence shown in Fig. 3 and 4, electronic circuit will be that " well " or " defective " are made an appraisal to these action phase.

Have very that the implementation status of big difference will be cited as " defective " shown in all and Fig. 3 and 4.

Under sinistral sportsman's occasion, situation is identical.Electronic circuit will be identical with the response to the backhand of the right hand to the response of the forehand stroke of left hand, and vice versa.

Kindred circumstances applicable to the service (Fig. 4), under this occasion, time interval X ₁Be increased to X ₂Considering long time interval X ₂Situation under, electronic circuit will be made and identical evaluation under forehand or backhand occasion.

Racket handle than low side, the motion of handle by the direction of A to G by as in Fig. 1 and 9 and indicated.

Though alternative circuit diagram all is intended to be used to carry out according to the fixed routine of the theory teaching method of ball game among the circuit diagram shown in Fig. 2,5 and 6 and Fig. 8, but the embodiment of this device of Fig. 9 can substitute microchip 20 with microprocessor 127 as previously mentioned, and can use together with additional programming action sequence, this appended sequence can be considered teaching method that other are different and various inputs.

A corresponding pre-programmed teaching method has been packed in the microprocessor 127.Can control the number that racket or bat are made the various functional switches in stage by increasing, to make the program that can be stored in the microprocessor 127 that additional phase change be arranged; These programs also can be read from microprocessor and be entered control circuit.

Behind the program reset formerly, additional setting, always can re-enter program.

In the control circuit in being loaded on cabinet 120, above-mentioned those switch opsition dependents are arranged to a kind of like this mode, make described each pulse of preamble (Fig. 7) to produce and to send according to the action sequence that preamble is described in conjunction with the embodiment of Fig. 1, Fig. 2.

In two embodiments, the guide rail that drives the magnet of reed switch is arranged to corresponding with the direction of racket proper exercise.Thereby mercoid switch 17 is arranged perpendicular to circuit board plane, with the performed velocity of flapping of control sportsman.

After formerly the extention of input program is eliminated, as long as no matter when needs are arranged, just can the change that program is required be recorded into memory or microprocessor 127, no matter when the basic theories program then all is retained.

In execution had program by the control of embodiment shown in Fig. 9, the racket original position of service was that position among the little figure of sportsman among Fig. 9.But the action element in the circuit is to be shown among Fig. 9 those.Switch 144 is moved to " programming " position.

After the service stage of showing begins, be admitted to the current clock pulses of microprocessor 127 by the various pulses that switch produced, and be stored in the microprocessor 127, the feasible information of depositing can be used as the control function subsequently and is retrieved.

During the stage of showing by direction E, magnet 131 is shifted to reed 130.Depend on the acceleration of showing, then one or several or all these switches 130 are closed.Simultaneously, magnet 139 moves by its direction of arrow towards reed switch 138, and the direction of action is shown in control.Also have, as long as sportsman's hand correctly grips racket handle, magnet 135 is with regard to the end position place in the guider 136 that remains on it always.

The haul distance of the magnet 139 of driving switch 138 is admitted to microprocessor 127, thereby, the distance in the stage of showing is programmed.Magnet 129 drives reed switches 128, thereby and racket is sent into program in whole position during showing stage and batting stage subsequently.

After the stage of showing, racket enters Fig. 9 by direction G() mobile percussion or flick the stage, at this moment centrifugal force and the active force that recovers spring 140 turn back to magnet 139 its original position (opposite with its direction of arrow) simultaneously.

Begin by the arrow G direction under the situation of shot, magnet 142 drives reed switch 141, and switch 141 is stored into microprocessor 127 with this action, thereby and with its input program.

According to the number of the reed switch 141 that is subjected to magnet 142 drivings, the speed of carrying out this batting goes on record.

Reed switch 141 driven time spans and be admitted to microprocessor 127 by the width (duration) of the corresponding pulses that switch produced, this length and duration are represented hitting action speed.

Utilize the method for this program of input or a similar program, microprocessor 127 is loaded into, and after switch 144 moves on to " control " position, will deposit content in and read.

Then, the program of having imported can be retrieved, and the mode of going the sportsman to be reproduced subsequently action sequence that this contents of program is done is controlled.

In order to write down the backhand program showing action and undertaken by the bouncing action of arrow H direction subsequently that makes right-handed sportsman according to arrow F direction, the mode that the type of drive during the available and above-mentioned forehand stroke is put upside down drives reed switch 138 and 141.Magnet 135 can be taken over the work that produces same priming pulse (the pre-triggering) when programming begins with respect to the position by the arrow A direction of reed switch 137, and this priming pulse produced for compiling the forehand stroke program originally.

Magnet 135 is created in the pre-triggering (priming pulse) of programming beginning with respect to reed switch 134 by the position of arrow B direction, in order to backhand is programme.

These two positions also need in " control " stage microprocessor 127.

Under a similar or altered mode (but according to preamble described basic programmed method), all dissimilar shots that comprise service (are not only and are played tennis, and comprise the ball game of other kind that relates to racket) can both be programmed, and can be retrieved in " control " stage.

Claims (11)

1, a kind of situation that during the batting of ball game the sportsman is gripped the batting instrument handle is carried out programming and control and to the device of apparatus guiding, it comprises:

(a) cabinet of a described device;

(b) cover of a dc source (5) in cabinet;

(c) electronic circuit that is contained in the described cabinet,

It is characterized in that described electronic circuit comprises:

(C, a 1) circuit board (4), it has first panel edges (4a) and second panel edges (4b) and an outer panel face and an interior plate face of a longitudinal axis, the transversal described longitudinal axis;

(d) logical one disconnects and closes device (6), and it is contained in the described cabinet (10), and is applicable to and will will connect or cut-off from the direct current of described dc source (5);

(e) sender unit (9) that sends perceptible signals;

(f) IC chip device (20), it is suitable for programming and controls a very first time at interval, and described chip apparatus is preferably a chip microprocessor;

(g) the potentiometer device of the duration at interval described very first time of adjusting.

(h) noiselessness, the rapid response type first elongated switch (7), it has an inner end (7a) and an outer contact end (7b), and be contained on the described outer panel face of described circuit board (4) and parallel with it, form about 40 ° of angles with the described longitudinal axis, the described outer contact end of described first switch is than the described first interior more close first transverse plate edge (4a), switch end (7a);

(j) the second elongated switch (17) of noiselessness, rapid response type, it has an interior switch end (17a) and an outer switch end (17b), and switch end (17a) is contained on the described outer panel face in described, substantially perpendicularly stretches out on the slave plate face;

(k) one the 3rd elongated switch (12), it is contained on the described circuit board (4), and having an outer end (12a) and an inner end (12b), described inner end (12b) is than the more close described first transverse plate edge (4a), the outer end (12a) of described the 3rd switch; And

(l) one the 4th elongated switch, it has an inner end and an outer end, and be contained on the described outer panel face of described circuit board (4), the described outer end of described the 4th switch is than the more close described first transverse plate edge (4a) of the inner end of described the 4th switch.

2, a kind of device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the device of described transmission perceptible signals is suitable for sending voice signal.

3, a kind of device described in claim 2 is characterized in that: the device of described transmission perceptible signals is a buzzer.

4, a kind of device described in claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that:

Described first and second switches (7,17) are mercoid switch,

Described the 3rd switch (12) inner end (12b) is a magnetic switch, it comprises one first permanent magnet (13) and usefulness guide rail thereon, and described guide rail has the outer end (12a) of one the 3rd switch guide rail and the inner end (12b) of one the 3rd switch guide rail;

Described the 4th switch (22) also is a magnetic switch, and it comprises one second permanent magnet (23) and usefulness guide rail thereon, and described guide rail has the outer end (22b) of the inner end (22a) and one the 4th switch guide rail of one the 4th switch guide rail;

Described first magnetic switch (12) comprises one first reed (14) and one second reed (15), described first reed (14) is closed when described first magnet (13) is positioned at inner end (12b) near the guide rail of described the 3rd switch, and described second reed (15) disconnects, when this magnet during near the outer end (12a) of described the 3rd switch guide rail, situation is opposite; And

Described the 4th switch (22) comprises the 3rd and the 4th reed (24,25), when described second magnet (23) is positioned at the outer end (22b) of described the 4th switch guide rail, described third and fourth reed both closures, when described second magnet (23) was positioned at the inner end (22b) of described the 4th switch guide rail, the described third and fourth reed both disconnected.

5, a kind of device described in claim 4 is characterized in that: when the mercury body (8) in described first switch is subjected to a continuous action of centrifugal force, and described first mercoid switch (7) closure in described whole time interval X and Y at least.

6, the device described in a kind of as claim 1 to 5 each, it is characterized in that: described IC chip device (20) is a gate array chip, and described device is only as the control of sportsman's action sequence,

Described circuit preferably includes one and a door (I as a time-controlling arrangement ₂), open connection mutually for two and be connected to capacitor (41,44) described and the door input, open connection mutually for two and connect with described capacitor and receive resistance described and the door input, described potentiometer device (21) is used for regulating the charging interval of described capacitor (41) and shows the time span in stage to obtain forehand/backhand action sequence and delivery of service sequence.

Described first and second switches are preferably mercoid switch, and described third and fourth switch preferably includes flight emphasizer connection body (fly-weight circuit-making bodies).

Each of wherein said third and fourth switch (12,22) preferably comprise with described magnet (13,23) together increase the weight of device (13a, 23a), this device that increases the weight of can make magnet obtain quickening when an end position moves to another end position, makes one to three reed (14,15 of two magnetic switches interrelating with described magnet; 24,25) disconnect, and prevent the adhesion of the described magnet of contiguous described reed.

Described circuit randomly comprises the electronic installation that has been detected and sent perceptible signals by the described time interval (X) and the action sequence that (Y) is determined to having violated owing to incorrect batting, here the electronic installation of mentioning preferably can send optical signalling, and

Described the 3rd switch (12) is preferably parallel with the described lateral surface of described circuit board (4), and extend into about 20 ° angle with the longitudinal axis of described circuit board, and described the 4th switch (22) is preferably parallel with the described lateral surface of described circuit board (4) and extend into about 75 ° angle with the longitudinal axis of described circuit board.

7, a kind of batting apparatus that supplies ball game to use, it comprises: have one longitudinally the handle of Handle axis (2) and have the flat head portion (1) of contact-making surface of batting usefulness, and it is a kind of during the shot that the sportsman does for batting, to the device that the gripping of described handle is carried out programming and control and described apparatus is guided, described device comprises:

The cabinet of a described device (10);

The machine box of a dc source (5) in cabinet;

An electronic circuit that is contained in the described cabinet, it comprises:

(C, a 1) circuit board (4), it has: first panel edges (4a) and second panel edges (4b) of longitudinal axis, transversal described plate axle, be arranged essentially parallel to described plate axle and first and second vertical panel edges (4c, 4d) and an outer panel face and an interior plate face of extending;

(d) on-off switch device (6), it is contained in the described cabinet (10), and is applicable to the direct current from described dc source (5) is switched on or switched off;

(e) device (9) that sends perceptible signals;

(f) IC chip device (20), it can be programmed and control a duration be adjustable very first time at interval (X) and one directly follow the described very first time after at interval, duration in fixing second time interval (Y);

(g) potentiometer device (21), it regulates the duration at interval described very first time;

(h) muting, rapid response type first elongated switch (7), it has an inner end (7a) and an outer contact end (7b), and be loaded on the described outer panel face of described circuit board (4) and parallel with it and extend, form about 40 ° of angles with the described circuit board longitudinal axis, the described outer contact end (7b) of described first switch (7) is than the more close described first transverse plate edge (4a) of the inner end (7a) of described first switch;

(i) noiselessness, the rapid response type second elongated switch (17), it has an interior switch end (17a) and an outer switch end (17b), switch end (17a) is contained on the described outer panel face in described, substantially perpendicularly stretches out on the slave plate face;

(k) the 3rd switching device (12), it is contained on the described lateral surface of described circuit board (4), and having an interior contact end (12b) and an outer contact end (12a), the described inner end (12b) of described the 3rd switch is than the more close described first transverse plate edge (4a), the outer end (12a) of described the 3rd switch;

(l) the 4th switching device (22), it has an inner end (22a) and an outer end (22b), and be contained on the described lateral surface of described circuit board (4), the described outer end (22b) of described the 4th switch is than the more close described first transverse plate edge (4a) of the inner end (22a) of described the 4th switch;

Described batting apparatus is preferably tennis racket, and described flat head portion (1) comprises that a racket net is with as described contact-making surface.

8, a kind of batting apparatus described in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described long and narrow circuit is contained in the described handle, the major axis of described plate is arranged essentially parallel to described handle longitudinal axis and extends or coincidence with it, and the outer panel face of described circuit board and described racket net extend in same plane basically, like this, when being gripped, described tennis racket become to make described racket net in vertical plane, to extend, and described first vertical panel edges is on described second vertical panel edges the time, described circuit is in the position of control forehand and backhand action sequence, and when the position of described racket with upset gripped, make when described first vertical panel edges is lower than the described second vertical panel edges that described circuit automatically is in the situation of action sequence during the control tennis service.

Each of described third and fourth switch preferably includes and increases the weight of device, increasing the weight of device is fitted together with described magnet in such a way, make magnet when an end position moves to another end position, obtain quickening, so that convey one to three reed disconnection that described two magnetic switches interrelate, and prevent the adhesion of the described magnet of contiguous described reed.

9, a kind of as one of in claim 7 and 8, described batting apparatus is characterized in that:

Described first and second switches are mercoid switches;

Described the 3rd switch is a magnetic switch, and it comprises one first permanent magnet and a guide rail that is used for this permanent magnet, this guide rail have one in the outer part with the 3rd a switch rail end in the inner part, and

Described the 4th switch also is a magnetic switch, and it comprises one second permanent magnet and a guide rail that is used for this permanent magnet, this guide rail have one in the inner part with the 4th a switch rail end in the outer part,

Described first magnetic switch comprises one first reed and one second reed, when described first magnet is positioned near described the 3rd switch guide rail inner end, the described first reed closure, and described second reed disconnects, when described first magnet was positioned at described the 3rd switch guide rail outer end, situation was opposite; And

Described the 4th switch comprises one the 3rd reed and one the 4th reed, when described second magnet is positioned at described the 4th switch guide rail outer end, the described third and fourth reed closure, and when described second magnet is positioned at described the 4th switch guide rail inner end, described the 3rd reed and the 4th reed disconnect

Wherein, described the 3rd switch preferably is parallel to the described lateral surface of described circuit board and extends, and with the longitudinal axis of described circuit board angle into about 20 °, and

Described the 4th switch preferably is parallel to the described lateral surface of described circuit board and extends, and with the longitudinal axis of described circuit board angle into about 75 °.

It is 10, a kind of that it is characterized in that: described IC chip device is a gate array chip, and described control device only is used for controlling sportsman's action sequence as one of in the claim 7 to 9 described batting apparatus, and

Wherein said circuit is as time-controlling arrangement, preferably include: one and door, two parallel with one another is connected to capacitor described and the door input, two parallel with one another is connected with described capacitor and is connected to resistance described and the door input, with described potentiometer, this potentiometer is used for regulating the charging interval of described capacitor, show the time span in stage to obtain forehand/backhand action sequence and delivery of service sequence, described circuit also selectively comprises electronic installation, it can to violate owing to incorrect shot by the described time interval (X) and (Y) situation of determined action sequence detect and send perceptible signals, the signal that is sent is preferably optical signalling.

11, a kind of device to holding bat position implementation programming and control and the batting apparatus being guided, described device comprises: the IC chip device is preferably chip microprocessor; Switch and control device, it is suitable for the whole rhythm of the action sequence of batting apparatus is responded; The action sequence of the whole rhythm of batting apparatus is carried out the device of programming; The device that control program departs from; And generation is easy to perceive the device of signal, at least one correct and incorrect operation sequence of the whole rhythm of its indication batting apparatus, thereby the whole sequence by means of racket action phase during forehand stroke, backhand and service can access programming, and by comparing and whole sequence is controlled with the main program that produces with said apparatus, it still is that sinistral sportsman is irrelevant that described programming and control and sportsman are to use the right hand.

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