CN103972495B - A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103972495B CN103972495B CN201410208751.2A CN201410208751A CN103972495B CN 103972495 B CN103972495 B CN 103972495B CN 201410208751 A CN201410208751 A CN 201410208751A CN 103972495 B CN103972495 B CN 103972495B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4.The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion.The preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4: metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in (1) mechanical alloying: stoichiometrically Ni, Mn simple substance or oxide, add ball-milling medium, rotating speed be 300-500r/min, under ratio of grinding media to material is the condition of 10-50:1, mechanical ball milling 3-100h; (2) prepare Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma: the metastable state nickel manganese prepare step (1) or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder, under being placed in air or oxygen atmosphere 100-300 DEG C condition, constant temperature keeps 3-5h; (3) lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining: mixed with Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma in the lithium source of excessive 2-5%, and in 700-900 DEG C of calcining 5-10h, cooling grinding is sieved.It is high that the present invention has productive rate, and dephasign is few, and specific capacity is high, good cycling stability, and energy consumption is low, and cost is low, and process conditions simplify, advantages of environment protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4.
Background technology
At present, the nickel ion doped (LiNi of crystallographic system spinel-type
0.5mn
1.5o
4) material is high owing to having voltage platform, energy density is large, Heat stability is good, and raw material resources are enriched, cheap, advantages of environment protection and become a kind of lithium-ion-power cell material of great potential.
In the prior art, nickel ion doped (LiNi is synthesized
0.5mn
1.5o
4) method mainly contain solid phase method, coprecipitation, sol-gal process, hydro thermal method, ullrasonic spraying dry heat solution etc.
Due to coprecipitation, sol-gal process complex procedures, production cost is high, easily produces waste water and gas; Hydro thermal method, ullrasonic spraying dry heat solution are high to equipment requirement, complex operation, and technology is also immature; So the method that can be applicable to suitability for industrialized production at present also mainly solid phase method.
Solid phase method is generally a step mixed-sintering method, namely utilizes the compound of lithium, nickel, manganese to be prepared into after fully mixing high-temperature calcination.Its technique is simple, manufacturing equipment cost is low.Weak point is the oxide material easily generating uneven composition, and cause material consistency slightly poor, gram volume is not high; Lithium is close with nickle atom radius, causes the dislocation mixing of Li and Ni in crystal structure, and cause the active Transforming rate of material more and more lower, cyclical stability is bad; And due to material granule distribution wider, there is the technical problems such as properties for follow is bad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 for solving in known technology the technical problem that exists.
The object of this invention is to provide one, to have productive rate high, and dephasign is few, and specific capacity is high, good cycling stability, and energy consumption is low, and process conditions simplify, and can reduce production cost, the preparation method of the lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 of the features such as environmental friendliness.
The present invention creatively adopts mechanical alloying method to carry out the preparation of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4.Mechanical Alloying mainly by metal or alloy powder in high energy ball mill by impacting intensely for a long time between powder particle and abrading-ball, colliding, powder particle is made repeatedly to produce cold welding, fracture, powder particle Atom is caused to spread, become the method for metastable state ultrafine particle, namely mechanical activation generates the method for nanocrystalline particle.
The present invention is in conjunction with the advantage of solid phase method and liquid-phase precipitation method, take two-step synthesis method, namely first adopt that mechanical alloying method activate through mechanical ball milling by nickel, manganese simple substance or its oxide, calcine in air or oxygen atmosphere and obtain the homogeneous Ni, Mn oxide of component, after add Li source compound again high-temperature calcination obtain nickel lithium manganate cathode material.
The technical scheme that the preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 of the present invention takes is:
A preparation method for lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, is characterized in that: adopt mechanical alloying method to prepare lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, comprise following processing step:
(1) metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in mechanical alloying
Stoichiometrically Ni, Mn simple substance or oxide, add ball-milling medium, rotating speed be 300-500r/min, under ratio of grinding media to material is the condition of 10-50:1, mechanical ball milling 3-100h, mechanical alloying method obtains metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder;
(2) Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma is prepared
The metastable state nickel manganese that step (1) is prepared or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder, under being placed in air or oxygen atmosphere 100-300 DEG C condition, constant temperature keeps 3-5h, obtains Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma;
Lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining
The Li source compound of stoichiometric excess 2-5% is mixed with Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma, in 700-900 DEG C of calcining 5-10h, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, grinds the nickel ion doped product that sieves to obtain.
The preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 of the present invention can also adopt following technical scheme:
The preparation method of described lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, is characterized in: when metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in mechanical alloying, the purity of simple substance Ni is greater than 99.5%, and the purity of simple substance Mn is greater than 99.8%.
The preparation method of described lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, is characterized in: when metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in mechanical alloying, and the oxide of nickel is NiO or Ni
2o
3, the oxide of manganese is MnO, Mn
2o
3, Mn
3o
4, MnO
2in any one and several.
The preparation method of described lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, is characterized in: when metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in mechanical alloying, and ball-milling medium is benzinum or absolute ethyl alcohol.
The preparation method of described lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, is characterized in: when lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining, Li source compound is Li
2cO
3, LiOHH
2o, LiOH, Li
2o or CH
3cOOLi2H
2the mixture of one or more in O.
The preparation method of described lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, is characterized in: when preparing lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, and after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, ground sieve series obtains nickel ion doped product.
The advantage that the present invention has and good effect are:
The preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is owing to have employed the brand-new technical scheme of the present invention, and compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics:
1. raw material of the present invention is simple substance or oxide, is solid phase reaction again, therefore almost produces without the three wastes from raw material to product, and productive rate is high, environmental friendliness, and production cost is low.
2. the solid phase two-step synthesis method in the present invention is compared with a step mixed-sintering method: avoid the mixing of lithium nickel, decrease the generation of dephasign, improve the consistency of product, adds specific capacity and the cyclical stability of material; Another domain size distribution is tending towards even, more easily processes.
3. the present invention prepares metastable state nanocrystalline powder due to the condition that make use of Mechanical Alloying, and active high, subsequent calcination temperature is on the low side, decreases energy consumption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is LiNi prepared by the present invention
0.5mn
1.5o
4the SEM figure of material;
Fig. 2 is LiNi prepared by the present invention
0.5mn
1.5o
4the XRD figure of material;
Fig. 3 is LiNi prepared by the present invention
0.5mn
1.5o
4the first charge-discharge curve of material;
Fig. 4 is LiNi prepared by the present invention
0.5mn
1.5o
4front 100 1C discharge capacity curves of material.
Embodiment
For summary of the invention of the present invention, Characteristic can be understood further, hereby exemplify following examples, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows:
Accompanying drawings 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Embodiment 1
A preparation method for lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, the present embodiment obtains 18.30g (0.10mol) LiNi
0.5mn
1.5o
4positive electrode, specifically comprises following processing step:
(1) metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in mechanical alloying
Take simple substance Ni2.95g (0.05mol), simple substance Mn8.25g (0.15mol) mixes, and adds 10mL benzinum, rotating speed be 500r/min, under ratio of grinding media to material is the condition of 40:1, mechanical ball milling 48h, obtains metastable state nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder.
(2) Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma is prepared
Nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder is placed in oxygen atmosphere 300 DEG C of constant temperature and keeps 5h, obtain Ni, Mn oxide presoma.
(3) lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining
By 4.41g (0.105mol) LiOHH
2o fully mixes with Ni, Mn oxide presoma, in 750 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 10h, grinds the LiNi that sieves to obtain after cooling to room temperature with the furnace
0.5mn
1.5o
4product.
Embodiment 2
A preparation method for lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, the present embodiment obtains 36.60g (0.20mol) LiNi
0.5mn
1.5o
4positive electrode, specifically comprises following processing step:
(1) metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in mechanical alloying
Take NiO7.50g (0.10mol), simple substance Mn16.50g (0.30mol) mixes, and adds 25mL benzinum, rotating speed be 450r/min, under ratio of grinding media to material is the condition of 20:1, mechanical ball milling 48h, obtains metastable state nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder.
(2) Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma is prepared
Nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder is placed in oxygen atmosphere 350 DEG C of constant temperature and keeps 3h, obtain Ni, Mn oxide presoma.
(3) lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining
By 7.70g (0.104mol) Li
2cO
3fully mix with Ni, Mn oxide presoma, in 800 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 8h, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, grind the LiNi that sieves to obtain
0.5mn
1.5o
4product.
Embodiment 3
A preparation method for lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, the present embodiment obtains 18.30g (0.10mol) LiNi
0.5mn
1.5o
4positive electrode, specifically comprises following processing step:
(1) metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in mechanical alloying
Take simple substance Ni2.95g (0.05mol), Mn
3o
411.44g (0.05mol) mixes, and adds 15mL absolute ethyl alcohol, rotating speed be 450r/min, under ratio of grinding media to material is the condition of 40:1, mechanical ball milling 24h, obtains metastable state nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder.
(2) Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma is prepared
Nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder is placed in oxygen atmosphere 300 DEG C of constant temperature and keeps 4h, obtain Ni, Mn oxide presoma.
(3) lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining
By 3.85g (0.052mol) Li
2cO
3fully mix with Ni, Mn oxide presoma, in 800 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 6h, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, grind the LiNi that sieves to obtain
0.5mn
1.5o
4product.
Embodiment 4
A preparation method for lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, the present embodiment obtains 36.60g (0.20mol) LiNi
0.5mn
1.5o
4positive electrode, specifically comprises following processing step:
(1) metastable state nickel manganese or Ni, Mn oxide nanocrystalline powder are prepared in mechanical alloying
Take NiO7.50g (0.10mol), Mn
3o
422.88g (0.10mol) mixes, and adds 30mL absolute ethyl alcohol, rotating speed be 450r/min, under ratio of grinding media to material is the condition of 20:1, mechanical ball milling 60h, obtains metastable state nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder.
(2) Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma is prepared
Nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder is placed in oxygen atmosphere 350 DEG C of constant temperature and keeps 4h, obtain Ni, Mn oxide presoma.
(3) lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining
By 7.62g (0.103mol) Li
2cO
3fully mix with Ni, Mn oxide presoma, in 800 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 8h, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, grind the LiNi that sieves to obtain
0.5mn
1.5o
4product.
The present embodiment has that described product yield is high, and dephasign is few, and specific capacity is high, good cycling stability, and energy consumption is low, and process conditions simplify, and can reduce production cost, the good effects such as environmental friendliness.
Claims (3)
1. a preparation method for lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, is characterized in that: adopt mechanical alloying method to prepare lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4, comprise following processing step:
(1) metastable state nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder is prepared in mechanical alloying
By LiNi
0.5mn
1.5o
4stoichiometric proportion adds Ni, Mn simple substance, add ball-milling medium, rotating speed be 300-500r/min, under ratio of grinding media to material is the condition of 10-50:1, mechanical ball milling 24-48h, ball-milling medium is benzinum or absolute ethyl alcohol, and mechanical alloying method obtains metastable state nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder;
(2) Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma is prepared
Metastable state nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder prepared by step (1), under being placed in air or oxygen atmosphere 100-300 DEG C condition, constant temperature keeps 3-5h, obtains Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma;
(3) lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining
The Li source compound of stoichiometric excess 2-5% is mixed with Ni, Mn oxide pre-burning presoma, in 700-900 DEG C of calcining 5-10h, after cooling to room temperature with the furnace, grinds the nickel ion doped product that sieves to obtain.
2. the preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when metastable state nickel manganese nanocrystalline powder is prepared in mechanical alloying, the purity of simple substance Ni is greater than 99.5%, and the purity of simple substance Mn is greater than 99.8%.
3. the preparation method of lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: when lithium ion battery anode material nickel LiMn2O4 is prepared in calcining, Li source compound is Li
2cO
3, LiOHH
2o, LiOH, Li
2o or CH
3cOOLi2H
2the mixture of one or more in O.
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CN103413934A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-11-27 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of layered lithium manganate (positive electrode material) of lithium ion battery |
CN103606665A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-26 | 江苏天鹏电源有限公司 | Stable-performance and high-specific volume lithium ion battery |
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CN107170963A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-09-15 | 张保平 | A kind of mechanical metallurgy method preparation method of ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery NCM or NCA |
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