CN103971433A - Bus passenger flow volume counting system and bus passenger flow volume counting method based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) - Google Patents
Bus passenger flow volume counting system and bus passenger flow volume counting method based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Download PDFInfo
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- CN103971433A CN103971433A CN201410216895.2A CN201410216895A CN103971433A CN 103971433 A CN103971433 A CN 103971433A CN 201410216895 A CN201410216895 A CN 201410216895A CN 103971433 A CN103971433 A CN 103971433A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bus passenger flow volume counting system based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). The bus passenger flow volume counting system comprises an RFID reader-writer, an electronic tag, a counting device and a central processing unit, wherein the RFID reader-writer is connected with the counting device; the counting device is connected with the central processing unit; the RFID reader-writer is mounted at any position in a bus and is used for acquiring and reading electronic tag data of passengers in the bus and citizens outside the bus at any moment, and transmitting the data to the counting device; unique user information is recorded in the electronic tag. The bus passenger flow volume counting system based on the RFID disclosed by the invention is mainly used for counting a passenger flow volume; a bus dispatching center can be used for adjusting train numbers, departure intervals, orders and the like in real time according to passenger flow data output by the device, so as to avoid phenomena that the bus is excessively crowded at partial stations or the load factor is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to RFID application, be specifically related to a kind of bus passenger flow volume number system and method based on RFID.
Background technology
Due to the skewness of Urban Residential Trip on time and space weighing apparatus property, must cause the bus inside of part website very crowded, occur even website stayer, or load factor in the bus of part website is not high.Above-mentioned phenomenon is relevant to the rationality of public transport network and operation scheme thereof, their data basis is bus passenger flow amount, comprises the getting on or off the bus of website, section flow (passenger inside the vehicle's number) and public transport OD (getting on the bus and number that another one website is got off from certain website).In order to ensure the enforcement of public traffic in priority national development strategy, the limited transport power of rationalization is evacuated passenger flow in time, and the statistical study of bus passenger flow amount more and more receives attention and the concern of traffic control department, public transport company.
At present, the acquisition mode of bus passenger flow amount is mainly divided into two kinds:
(1) hand data collection, common artificial data investigation method has survey at stop, follows car investigation and survey on vehicle etc., need to organize a large amount of manpowers to carry out survey, analysis of statistical data is also required great effort time-consuming very much, investigation cost is higher, and cannot reflect in real time that traffic environment changes the passenger flow temporal-spatial evolution problem causing.
(2) intelligent data acquisition, in conjunction with wireless sensor networks, the record of the each passenger getting on/off of Real-time Obtaining, utilizes getting on or off the bus and number of people in car of each website of Computer Aided Statistical Analysis of Manufacturing.According to the principle of various sensors, intelligent data acquisition can be divided into again that electronic chip information reads, human body signal detects, image processing and analyzing, common bus IC card, RFID technology, pressure transducer, infrared and video etc. of comprising, each intelligent acquisition mode cuts both ways.Although electronic chip information can be obtained passenger getting on/off information exactly from technology angle, general passenger loading is swiped the card and is got off and do not swipe the card.RFID technology is electronic chip technology of new generation, supports one-to-many identification Customer information, but existing research ignores the electronic tag of bus external environment condition it is affected, and the requirement of its application places is very high.The behavior of getting on the bus at Qianmen by specification passenger and get off at back door, bus passenger flow analysis based on human body signal detection or video analysis can solve the get on or off the bus number of bus at certain website that gather theoretically, but many people get on or off the bus simultaneously or the interior crowded passenger of causing of car is positioned at detection zone, and this must cause analysis result and the certain gap of physical presence of bus passenger flow volume.
The acquisition mode of above-mentioned various bus passenger flow amounts can only obtain on-board and off-board and the number of people in car of bus at certain website, cannot directly obtain public transport OD, it is generally by specific mathematical model, as: Gravity Models, theory of probability model etc., analyze the appearance behavioural characteristic of bus passenger, on enquiry data basis, carry out counter the pushing away of OD matrix and obtain getting on or off the bus, be difficult to ensure the accuracy of result.
In sum, bus passenger flow real time information sampling technology is vital accurately, for public transport scientific management management improves Data safeguard, thereby improve vehicle operating efficiency, reduce operation cost of enterprises and improve the convenience of resident trip, daily operation management is had to outstanding realistic meaning and application prospect.
Summary of the invention
For the weak point of the bus passenger flow harvester of existing different modes, the invention provides a kind of low cost, novel bus volume of the flow of passengers number system efficiently, utilization is arranged on the electronic labeling information that the rfid interrogator in car is carried the inside and outside resident who does not obtain in the same time vehicle, and will obtain electronic labeling information be considered as set, according to the running status of vehicle, utilize the set difference of electronic labeling information, can real-time analysis obtain bus in the section flow of certain website and the number of getting on or off the bus, gathering accordingly each electronic tag gets on the bus and another one website is got off (public transport OD) from certain website, thereby be public traffic network planning, operation provides reliable data basis.
The present invention program is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID, comprise rfid interrogator, electronic tag, counter and central processing unit, described rfid interrogator is connected with described counter, described counter connects described central processing unit, described rfid interrogator is arranged on optional position in bus, read for gathering the electronic tag data that outside a certain moment public transport passenger inside the vehicle and car, resident is equipped with, and be transferred to described counter, in described electronic tag, record unique user's information.
Described rfid interrogator is supported a pair of how long apart from automatically reading described electronic labeling information.
Described rfid interrogator comprises USB interface and storer, and described USB interface connects described counter, and described storer is for recording the electronic labeling information reading when rfid interrogator triggers.
Also comprise vehicle-mounted GPS equipment, and connect described central processing unit, described vehicle-mounted GPS equipment is for determining the information of arriving at a station of bus.
Also comprise display screen and reset button, described display screen is LCD or LED, connect described central processing unit and show respective site get on or off the bus data, number of people in car and passenger flow statistics number, described reset button is connected with described storer, carries out zero clearing processing for the information in described counter.
A bus passenger flow volume method of counting based on RFID, utilizes the position of vehicle-mounted GPS equipment Real-time Obtaining bus and reaches and leave time of certain bus station i
with
determine that bus drives towards from a upper website i-1 4 times that in next website i process, need to be triggered, be respectively arrive before t
1, arrive t
2, leave t
3with leave rear t
4, wherein
With
And
With
more approaching better, determine the real-time degree that bus passenger flow is analyzed, wherein
with
can be determined by the reading/writing distance of rfid interrogator and Vehicle Speed, be generally t
o=3-5 second.
When bus slave site i-1 drives towards in the process of website i, at above-mentioned four moment t
1, t
2, t
3and t
4, the set that triggers rfid interrogator read-write and store the inside and outside all passenger's electronic tags of bus is now
they are transferred to counter, according to Set Theory, determine
with
be respectively vehicle before certain website arrives and leave the number in rear car and the number of getting on or off the bus, can calculate accordingly public transport OD.
The present invention is owing to having adopted above-mentioned several measure to improve, the electronic tag that resident is carried is as detected object, represent uniquely resident's essential information, avoid existing video to detect, pressure sensing, the infrared signal characteristic overlap problem that waits signal detecting mode cannot identify exactly multiple passengers, utilize bus to arrive the number of getting on or off the bus and the public transport OD thereof of certain website through the inside and outside electronic tag esodisparity calculating of the car vehicle of different websites, having avoided existing RFID to gather passenger flow mode cannot the solution external electrical label interference problem of bus passenger by no means.The invention provides a set of low cost, low error and efficient bus passenger flow RFID data acquisition plan, can be by visual different period each type passengers' trip rule, the on-board and off-board of each website of Dynamic Acquisition and number of people in car accordingly, or statistical summaries is analyzed public transport OD, for planning, transfer personnel optimize and revise better circuit, dynamically determine that frequency and type provide data basis, thereby avoid the spatial and temporal distributions of transport power and freight volume unbalance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system chart of the invention process;
Fig. 2 is process flow diagram of the invention process.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing provided by the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, disclosed a kind of bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID, comprise rfid interrogator, electronic tag, counter, display screen, reset button, vehicle GPS and central processing unit, described rfid interrogator is connected with described counter, described counter, display screen, vehicle GPS connects described central processing unit, and described rfid interrogator is arranged on optional position in bus, read for gathering the electronic tag data that outside a certain moment public transport passenger inside the vehicle and car, resident is equipped with, and be transferred to described counter.
In described electronic tag, record unique Customer information, comprise sex, age, the information such as identity (student, old man, disabled person).
Described rfid interrogator support is a pair of, and how long distance reads described electronic labeling information automatically, comprises USB interface and storer, and described USB interface connects described counter, and described storer is used for the electronic labeling information reading while recording rfid interrogator triggering.
Described display screen is LCD or LED, and for showing respective site get on or off the bus data, number of people in car and passenger flow statistics number, described reset button is connected with described counter, carries out zero clearing processing for the information in described counter.
Described vehicle-mounted GPS equipment is for determining the information of arriving at a station of bus.
As shown in Figure 2, the disclosed bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID, its workflow is:
1), locate the information of bus place website by vehicle GPS, prediction vehicle arrives and leaves the time of this website;
2), judge that whether this website is initial station, if it is carries out zero clearing processing to data in storer, and gets back to step 1), if not initial station, four triggered times of calculating rfid interrogator;
3), rfid interrogator read and gathers the entrained electronic labeling information of passenger in bus and outside car four departure times;
4), the electronic labeling information of collection is stored in storer, and be transferred to counter and count;
5), the electronic tag esodisparity that gathers of more different website, calculate public transport OD, the electronic tag set difference that gathers of more above-mentioned four moment, calculates and gets on or off the bus and the section volume of the flow of passengers simultaneously;
6), according to the identity information of electronic tag gathering, and above-mentioned passenger flow data classifies, and showing screen display.
A bus passenger flow volume method of counting based on RFID, is specially by vehicle-mounted GPS equipment and detects the time departure of vehicle at website i-1
time, drive towards time of arrival of website i according to historical bus operation data prediction vehicle
calculate rfid interrogator first time point that is triggered
vehicle is arrived to this website time before
be made as second triggered time point, vehicle is left to this website time afterwards
be made as the 3rd triggered time point, in like manner can obtain the 4th triggered time point
At above-mentioned four moment t
1, t
2,t
3and t
4, trigger rfid interrogator and obtain the inside and outside all passenger's electronic tags set of bus
with
their numberings are kept in described storer uniquely, meet
With
Described counter reads the electronic tag collective data of vehicle before and after certain website is come in and gone out in storer by USB interface, according to A
ican by get on the bus, get off and car in form, utilize the uniqueness of electronic tag and the principle of set, calculate get on the bus number, the number of getting off and number of people in car, specific algorithm step is as follows:
Make P=Φ, right
if meet
{ a}, until traversal set for P=P ∪
all elements, thereby obtain the number of bus while arriving certain website.
Make P=Φ, right
if meet
{ a}, until traversal set for P=P ∪
all elements, thereby obtain the number of bus while leaving certain website.
Make P=Φ, right
if meet
{ a}, until traversal set for P=P ∪
all elements, thereby obtain bus in the number of getting on the bus of certain website.
Make P=Φ, right
if meet
{ a}, until traversal set for P=P ∪
all elements, thereby obtain bus in the number of getting off of certain website.
To website i and j, make P=Φ, right
if meet
{ a}, until traversal set for P=P ∪
all elements, get on the bus and the number of getting off at website j at website i thereby obtain all passengers, i.e. public transport OD.
On the basis of the above, in described central server, search the essential information that each electronic tag represents passenger, as: sex, age, identity (student, old man, disabled person) etc., make P '=Φ, right
if (function f () indicates passenger's essential information that electronic tag represents to meet f (a)=querying condition, querying condition can combine many conditions by single conditioned disjunction, as: the male sex old man in schoolgirl, certain region), P '=P ' ∪ { a}, until traversal is gathered all elements of P, gather accordingly different period each type passengers' trip rule.
Described display screen is connected with counter, in the time that bus arrives certain website, can show in real time that how many people get on the bus and get off, list detailed electronic tag data, for this part passenger that gets off, can know from them and from which website get on the bus, can gather accordingly public transport OD.
Described reset button is connected with storer, when vehicle is carried out Protection Counter Functions from initial station, the last public transport order of classes or grades at school task data that this vehicle is completed transfers to central processing unit, remove the electronic tag data of storer, again trigger rfid interrogator and record the data of getting on or off the bus of bus at each website, avoid city dweller repeatedly to take the data exception problem that this circuit causes.
What more than enumerate is only specific embodiments of the invention; obviously the invention is not restricted to above embodiment; can also there be many distortion; as: can directly add up highway OD, track passenger flow data etc. with the present invention; when RFID reads and writes data when abnormal; can manual intervention again read the inside and outside electronic tag of car etc., all distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention, all should think protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the present invention relates to a kind of bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID, it is characterized in that: comprise rfid interrogator, electronic tag, counter and central processing unit, described rfid interrogator is connected with described counter, described counter connects described central processing unit, described rfid interrogator is arranged on optional position in bus, read for gathering the electronic tag data that outside a certain moment public transport passenger inside the vehicle and car, resident is equipped with, and be transferred to described counter, in described electronic tag, record unique user's information.
2. the bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rfid interrogator is supported a pair of how long apart from automatically reading described electronic labeling information.
3. the bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described rfid interrogator comprises USB interface and storer, described USB interface connects described counter, and described storer is for recording the electronic labeling information reading when rfid interrogator triggers.
4. the bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise vehicle-mounted GPS equipment, and connect described central processing unit, described vehicle-mounted GPS equipment is for determining the information of arriving at a station of bus.
5. the bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise display screen and reset button, described display screen is LCD or LED, connect described central processing unit and show respective site get on or off the bus data, number of people in car and passenger flow statistics number, described reset button is connected with described storer, carries out zero clearing processing for the information in described counter.
6. the bus passenger flow volume technical method based on RFID, is characterized in that: utilize the position of vehicle-mounted GPS equipment Real-time Obtaining bus and reach and leave time of certain bus station i
with
determine that bus drives towards from a upper website i-1 4 times that in next website i process, need to be triggered, be respectively arrive before t
1, arrive t
2, leave t
3with leave rear t
4, wherein
With
And
With
more approaching better, determine the real-time degree that bus passenger flow is analyzed, wherein
with
can be determined by the reading/writing distance of rfid interrogator and Vehicle Speed, be generally t
o=3-5 second.
When bus slave site i-1 drives towards in the process of website i, at above-mentioned four moment t
1, t
2, t
3and t
4, the set that triggers rfid interrogator read-write and store the inside and outside all passenger's electronic tags of bus is now
with
they are transferred to counter, according to Set Theory, determine
with
be respectively vehicle before certain website arrives and leave the number in rear car and the number of getting on or off the bus, can calculate accordingly public transport OD.
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| CN201410216895.2A CN103971433B (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2014-05-21 | A kind of bus passenger flow volume number system based on RFID and method |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN104640071A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Bus passenger flow survey method based on mobile telephone signal recognition and bus passenger flow survey device based on mobile telephone signal recognition |
| CN105791415A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏大学 | System and method of driving active service based on electric bus riding suitability in car networking environment |
| CN105913367A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-31 | 北京晶众智慧交通科技股份有限公司 | Public bus passenger flow volume detection system and method based on face identification and position positioning |
| CN106373421A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-02-01 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Passenger guiding system and method for station of urban rail transit |
| CN106448136A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-02-22 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Mine car transportation counting method |
| CN107239576A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-10 | 青岛海澄知识产权事务有限公司 | A kind of bus degree of crowding method for visualizing |
| CN107545761A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2018-01-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for collecting bus station-staying passenger flow |
| CN109544917A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-29 | 浩鲸云计算科技股份有限公司 | A kind of optimization method at bus departure interval |
| CN110766104A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | System and method for detecting number of people in vehicle and compartment |
| CN112907968A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-04 | 华录智达科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent bus non-contact novel coronavirus emergency prevention and control method |
| CN113436458A (en) * | 2020-03-08 | 2021-09-24 | 广东毓秀科技有限公司 | Intelligent bus dispatching method |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104640071A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Bus passenger flow survey method based on mobile telephone signal recognition and bus passenger flow survey device based on mobile telephone signal recognition |
| CN105913367A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-31 | 北京晶众智慧交通科技股份有限公司 | Public bus passenger flow volume detection system and method based on face identification and position positioning |
| CN105791415A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏大学 | System and method of driving active service based on electric bus riding suitability in car networking environment |
| CN106448136A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-02-22 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Mine car transportation counting method |
| CN106373421B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-05-24 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of track traffic station passenger guiding system and method |
| CN106373421A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-02-01 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Passenger guiding system and method for station of urban rail transit |
| CN107239576A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-10 | 青岛海澄知识产权事务有限公司 | A kind of bus degree of crowding method for visualizing |
| CN107545761A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2018-01-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for collecting bus station-staying passenger flow |
| CN110766104A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | System and method for detecting number of people in vehicle and compartment |
| CN110766104B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-08-10 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | System and method for detecting number of people in vehicle and compartment |
| CN109544917A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-29 | 浩鲸云计算科技股份有限公司 | A kind of optimization method at bus departure interval |
| CN109544917B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2022-04-22 | 浩鲸云计算科技股份有限公司 | Optimization method for bus departure interval |
| CN113436458A (en) * | 2020-03-08 | 2021-09-24 | 广东毓秀科技有限公司 | Intelligent bus dispatching method |
| CN112907968A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-04 | 华录智达科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent bus non-contact novel coronavirus emergency prevention and control method |
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